IGRPIGRP路由协议路由协议Autonomous SystemCerNet Global InternetChinaNetAS1AS2OSPFRIPAS=100自治系统自治系统：古典定义：由同一机构管理，使用同一选录策略的路由器的集合；古典定义：由同一机构管理，使用同一选录策略的路由器的集合；现代定义：由同一机构管理，共同拥有相同的现代定义：由同一机构管理，共同拥有相同的AS号的路由器的集合。号的路由器的集合。IGP和EGPIGP：在自治系统内部运行的路由协议；：在自治系统内部运行的路由协议；RIP、OSPF、IGRP、EIGRP、EGP：在自治系统之间运行的路由协议；：在自治系统之间运行的路由协议；BGP等等AS1AS2IGPIGPEGP按寻径算法对路由分类距离矢量（Distance-Vector，DV）算法RIPIGRPEIGRPBGP链路状态（Link State，LS）算法OSPFIS-ISIGRP协议IGRP由于突破了15跳的限制，成为了大型CISCO网络的首选协议。（100-大型网络）RIP与IGRP的工作机制，均是从所有配置接口上定期发出路由更新。但是，RIP是以跳数为度量单位；IGRP以多种因素来建立路由最佳路径；带宽，延迟，可靠性，最大传输单元，LOAD等因素。IGRP的配置：-激活IGRP协议-选择直接连接的网络Router(config)#router igrp autonomomous-systemRouter(config)#router igrp autonomomous-systemRouter(config-router)#network Router(config-router)#network network- numbernetwork- numberIGRP的配置：Router(config)#router igrp 100Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0Router(config-routerg-router)#exit注意：1）编号的有效范围为165535，编号用确定一组区域编号相同的路由器和接口2）不同的编号的路由器不参与路由更新IGRP的验证：Router#show run（查看配置文件）Router#show ip protocols（IP路由协议）Router#show ip route(IP路由表)Router#show ip routeC - connected, 直接相连的网络；S - static, 静态路由I - IGRP, R - RIP, B - BGP ，D - EIGRP, O - OSPF, 路由配置修改：1，路由删除：Router(config)#no router igrp 100Router(config)#2，IP地址的删除Router(config)#int s0Router(config-if)#no ip addRouter(config-if)#no ip addressRouter(config-if)#router igrp 100router igrp 100network 172.16.0.0network 172.16.0.0network 10.0.0.0network 10.0.0.0IGRP Configuration Examplerouter igrp 100router igrp 100network 10.0.0.0network 10.0.0.0router igrp 100router igrp 100network 192.168.1.0network 192.168.1.0network 10.0.0.0network 10.0.0.0Autonomous System = 100Autonomous System = 100172.16.1.1172.16.1.1S2S2E0E0S3S3192.168.1.1192.168.1.110.1.1.110.1.1.110.2.2.210.2.2.210.1.1.210.1.1.2S2S2S3S310.2.2.310.2.2.3172.16.1.0172.16.1.0A AB BC C192.168.1.0 192.168.1.0 E0E0Verifying the Routing ProtocolIGRPRouterA#sh ip protocolsRouterA#sh ip protocolsRouting Protocol Routing Protocol is igrp 100is igrp 100 Sending updates every 90 seconds, next due in 21 seconds Sending updates every 90 seconds, next due in 21 seconds Invalid after 270 seconds, hold down 280, flushed after 630 Invalid after 270 seconds, hold down 280, flushed after 630 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is Default networks flagged in outgoing updates Default networks flagged in outgoing updates Default networks accepted from incoming updates Default networks accepted from incoming updates IGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0 IGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0 IGRP maximum hopcount 100 IGRP maximum hopcount 100 IGRP maximum metric variance 1 IGRP maximum metric variance 1 Redistributing: igrp 100 Redistributing: igrp 100 Routing for Networks:Routing for Networks: 10.0.0.0 10.0.0.0 172.16.0.0 172.16.0.0 Routing Information Sources: Routing Information Sources: Gateway Gateway DistanceDistance Last Update Last Update 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 100100 00:01:01 00:01:01 Distance: (default is 100) Distance: (default is 100)172.16.1.1172.16.1.1S2S2E0E0S3S3192.168.1.1192.168.1.110.1.1.110.1.1.110.2.2.210.2.2.210.1.1.210.1.1.2S2S2S3S310.2.2.310.2.2.3172.16.1.0172.16.1.0A AB BC C192.168.1.0 192.168.1.0 E0E0Displaying the IP Routing TableRouterA#sh ip routeRouterA#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR U - per-user static route, o - ODR T - traffic engineered route T - traffic engineered routeGateway of last resort is not setGateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsI 10.2.2.0 100/90956 via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:23, Serial2I 10.2.2.0 100/90956 via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:23, Serial2C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2I 192.168.1.0/24 100/91056 via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:23, Serial2I 192.168.1.0/24 100/91056 via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:23, Serial2172.16.1.1172.16.1.1S2S2E0E0S3S3192.168.1.1192.168.1.110.1.1.110.1.1.110.2.2.210.2.2.210.1.1.210.1.1.2S2S2S3S310.2.2.310.2.2.3172.16.1.0172.16.1.0A AB BC C192.168.1.0 192.168.1.0 E0E0SHOW IP ROUTEI 192.168.1.0/24 100/91056 via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:23, Serial2I:表示由IGRP所引入的路由，100：表示IGRP的管理距离；91056:表示组合度量值；组合度量值越低，说明路由越好；组合度量是通过带宽和线路延迟计算出来的。RIP和IGRP路由协议比较表相关特性RIPIGRP衡量尺度跳数在默认情况下为带宽和延时更新计时器30秒90秒挂起计时器180秒280秒无穷大尺度值16256配置命令Route ripNetwork 网络号Route igrp 自治系统号Network 网络号EIGRP关键特征（1）是高级距离向量路由协议，CISCO私有协议 （2）用带宽、延迟、负载、可靠性作为度量值 （3）支持非等价负载均衡 （4）最大跳数为225 （5）采用DUAL算法计算到目的地的最短路径 （6）合并了距离向量路由协议和链路状态路由协议优点（7）是无类路由协议 配置EIGRP（Configuring EIGRP）EIGRP 自动汇总配置EIGRP手工汇总（Manual Summarization with EIGRP）EIGRP基于接口来用基于接口来用“summary address”命令手工配命令手工配置汇总置汇总配置汇总（Configure Summary） RTC(config)#router eigrp 2446RTC(config-router)#no auto-summaryRTC(config-router)#exit RTC(config)#interface serial 0/0RTC(config-if)#ip summary-address eigrp 2446 2.1.0.0 255.255.0.0结束结束