Book3Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars语言点用法过关语言点用法过关1.harmfuladj.有害的教材原句教材原句Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwateral-lowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.很多科学家相信,由于地球上长期有水存在,使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Asweallknow,abadeatinghabitisharmful(harm)tooneshealth.AsfarasImconcerned,thereisnoharm(harmful)inmakinganapologytohimfirst.一句多译一句多译那时我意识到浪费时间玩电脑游戏对我的学习和健康是有害的。(2015重庆写作一)ThenIrealizedthatwastingtimeinplayingputergameswasharmfultomystudyandhealthdidharmtomystudyandhealthwasbadformystudyandhealth用法点拨用法点拨(1)beharmfulto.对有害(2)harmn.&vt.伤害;损害doharmtosb.=dosb.harm对某人有害Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事没有坏处(3)harmlessadj.无害的2.existvi.存在;生存教材原句教材原句Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.它们也下蛋,并且在地球上存在了1亿4千多万年。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Eventhoughheisalittleboy,strangeideasalwaysexistinhismind.Theoldladybecameseriouslyilllastweek;shehasonlyexistedonmilkeversince.Thereexists(exist)agoodwaytosolvetheproblematpresent.完成句子完成句子Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversecameintoexistence.关于宇宙是如何产生的,科学家们有多种学说。用法点拨用法点拨(1)existin存在于之中existon靠为生Thereexists/existed.某地有(2)existencen.存在;生存inexistence存在eintoexistence产生;开始存在点津点津exist是不及物动词,没有被动语态,也不用于进行时态。3.puzzlev.使迷惑;使为难;使困惑n.谜;难题教材原句教材原句Howlifebeganonearthisoneofthebiggestpuzzlesthatscientistsfoundhardtosolve.地球上生命的起源是科学家们难以解决的最大疑惑之一。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Thepolicearestillpuzzlingabout/overhowtheaccidenthappened.Ivebeentryingtopuzzleoutwhyshessoupset.Tomseemedpuzzled(puzzle)aboutwhatthequestionmeant.单句改错单句改错HerpuzzlinglookonherfacesuggestedshedidntunderstandwhatIsaid.puzzlingpuzzled用法点拨用法点拨(1)puzzleover/aboutsth.苦苦思索puzzlesth.out琢磨出的答案(2)puzzledadj.迷惑不解的(常用来修饰人或人的表情)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的(常用来修饰事物)1.intime及时;终于;迟早;最后教材原句Theywereintimetoproducecarbondioxide,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.它们最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他气体,从而形成了地球的大气层。语境应用语境应用写出下列各句中写出下列各句中intime的含义的含义Andyknewhecouldnotreachthehouseintime.及时及时Youllsucceedintimebecauseyouarealwaysworkinghard.迟早迟早Workinghardmadehimsuccessfulintime.最后最后句型转换句型转换Theactivityissomeaningfulthatwewillneverforgetit.Theactivityissomeaningfulthatatnotimewillweforgetit.(用atnotime改写)用法点拨用法点拨innotime立刻;马上atnotime决不(放在句首时,句子用部分倒装)atatime每次;依次atonetime曾经;一度atthesametime同时fromtimetotime有时;偶尔takeonestime别着急;慢慢来killtime消磨时间2.inonesturn轮到某人教材原句教材原句Thustheyhave,intheirturn,beethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.于是,轮到它们成为这个行星上最重要的动物。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthisinturncreatesmoreproblems.Ithinkitsmyturntodrive(drive)thekidstoschoolthisweek.Itturnedoutthatthisyoungmanwaslazierthantheoldmansson.写作微练写作微练Whenitwasmyturn,Iwastooexcitedtospeak.当轮到我时,我激动得都说不出话来了。用法点拨用法点拨inturn依次;轮流;转而;相应地byturns轮流地;交替地taketurnstodo/(in)doingsth.轮流做某事Itisonesturntodosth.轮到某人做某事了Itturns/turnedoutthat.结果3.cheerup(使)高兴;(使)振奋;感到高兴;感到振奋教材原句教材原句Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbeesmallerandthemoonlarger.我立刻感到很高兴,由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去,我望着(身后的)地球越来越小,而(前方的)月球越来越大。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Uponarrivingattheclassroom,theauthorwascheeredupbyawarmwele.Theydothisinordertoencouragethecrowdstocheertheirsportsteamon.单句改错单句改错WhenImfeelingsadmymothertellsmefunnystoriestocheerup.cheer后加后加me用法点拨用法点拨(1)cheersb.up使某人振作起来cheersb.on为某人加油(2)Cheers!口语(用于祝酒)干杯!(3)cheeringadj.鼓舞人心的cheeringnews鼓舞人心的消息4.nowthat既然教材原句教材原句“Ohdear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”“天哪,”我大声说,“重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”语境应用语境应用完成句子完成句子Nowthat/Sinceyouhavegotthechance(既然你得到了这个机会),youhadbettermakefulluseofit.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet(因为地面是湿的).写作微练写作微练既然我们制订了计划,我们就应该坚持执行。(2016浙江书面表达)Nowthat/Sincewehavemadeaplan,weshouldsticktoit.用法点拨用法点拨nowthat与since同义,语气较弱,指双方都明确的原因或众所周知的原因,侧重主句because语气最强,一般指事情发生的直接原因,常用来回答why的提问as语气比because弱,所引导的从句表示的是显而易见的原因和理由for并列连词,连接两个并列分句,说明前一个分句的原因1.倍数+as.as.教材原句教材原句ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而当我试着向前迈步时,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。语境应用语境应用单句填空单句填空Thisbookistwicethicker(thick)thanthatone.Theworldspopulationhasgrowntomorethansixtimeswhatitwasin1800.一句多译一句多译最近发现的一颗行星几乎是地球的三倍大。Aplanetdiscoveredrecentlyisalmostthreetimesaslargeastheearth.Aplanetdiscoveredrecentlyisalmostthreetimesbiggerthantheearth.Aplanetdiscoveredrecentlyisalmostthreetimesthesizeoftheearth.用法点拨用法点拨twiceasfaras是倍数的表示方法,意为“是的两倍远”。联想联想常见的倍数表达法:.倍数+as+adj./adv.+as.倍数+比较级+than.倍数+the+size/weight/length.+of.倍数+what从句2.makeit+adj./n.+todosth.教材原句教材原句Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了一个连锁反应,使生命的发展成为可能。语境应用语境应用单句改错单句改错Thesunheatstheearth,whichmakesitpossibleforplantsgrow.plants后加后加toThegirlknowsthreeforeignlanguages,whichmakesitseasierforhertofindagoodjob.itsit一句多译一句多译精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。MasteringthetechnologymakesitpossibleforustousetheInternetmoreeffectively.MasteringthetechnologymakesitpossiblethatwecanusetheInternetmoreeffectively.写作微练写作微练你最好定下规矩,每天都练习说普通话(Mandarin)。(2015四川书面表达)YouhadbettermakeitaruletopractisespeakingMandarineveryday.(makeitarule)用法点拨用法点拨该句型中it为形式宾语,代替后面的不定式结构,形容词或名词为宾语补足语。联想联想在该句型中,有时动词不定式结构可换为that引导的宾语从句。