Unit 16 StoriesModule 6Part 2 Of 211. count on / upon(=depend on / upon或rely on / upon) 指望,依赖count on sb. / sth. 指望或依赖某人count on sb. to do / doing sth. 指望某人做某事Can I count on your help?(=Can I count on you to help me? / Can I count on you helping me?)我能指望你的帮助吗？1.谣言不足为信。 _ _2.父母都指望我学习优秀,我却让他们失望了。 _ _You may not count / depend / rely on / upon rumors. / Rumors are not reliable.My parents counted on me to do well in study, but I let them down.12. uncover vt. 揭开，揭露 Tom uncovered the dish on the desk and found a hamburger there. 汤姆揭开桌子上的盘盖发现了一个汉堡包。 The young officer uncovered a secret plan to rob a bank. 那个年轻的警官揭露了一个抢劫银行的密谋。un作为构词法中的前缀,用来表示否定的含义,加上前缀后,单词本身的词性不改,较多用于形容词。acceptable unacceptable (adj.)fair unfair (adj.)certain uncertain (adj.)usual unusual (adj.)happy unhappy (adj.)known unknown (adj.)lock unlock (v.)cover uncover (v.)13. be / get caught in 陷入,卷入；偶然遇上(雨、 交通堵塞、地震等) Im afraid we shall be / get caught in the rain on the way. 我担心我们在路上会遇到下雨。 Youre sure to be caught in the middle. 你一定会被搞得左右为难。be caught doing sth. 被撞上 / 被抓住正在做某事(尤其是坏事)；主动形式catch sb. doing 撞上某人在做某事He was caught stealing books in the library.他在图书馆偷书被人撞上。14. live on 靠生活,以为主食 还可把on用作介词,意思为“继续生活下去”。 He still lives on her parents. 他仍然靠父母生活。 Ive been living on bread and water, but Im happy. 我一直过着粗茶淡饭的生活,但我感到很快乐。 He is eighty, and is likely to live on. 他80岁了,看来还能活下去。live by 以为生live for 为而生活live through 经历过,经受住live up to 不辜负1. 她靠写作为生。 She lives _ writing.2. 南方人以大米为主食。 Southerners live _ rice.3. 他们只是为了享乐而生活。 They live _ nothing but pleasure.byonfor4. 他们靠正当的劳动生活。 They lived _ honest labor.5. 我们没有辜负老师的期望。 We lived _ the teachers hopes.6. 她经历过两次世界大战。 She has lived _ two world wars.byup tothrough15. be named after 以命名 主动结构name sb. after 以给某人命名 She was named after her grandmother. 她是根据她祖母的名字命名的。 Then named the island after its discoverer, A.J. Tasman. 然后,人们以其发现者塔斯曼的名字来给那个岛命名。by name 名叫，凭名字call sb. names 谩骂，骂人in the name of 以的名义，代表The teacher knows all the pupils by name in the class.那位老师能叫出全班学生的名字来。I know him only by name.我只知道他的名字。(指没有见过此人)It isnt good to call others names. 骂人不好。Were very glad to greet you in the name of the Chinese people.我们非常高兴以中国人的名义向你们致意。16. go wrong 出错,发生故障 go在本短语中的意思是“变为,成为”。 注意“go + adj.”这一类的常见搭配还有： go red 变红 go bad 变坏 go mad / crazy 变得疯狂 go hungry 处于饥饿的状态My hair is going gray. 我的头发渐渐花白了。Her face went red. 她的脸红了。This meat has gone bad. 这块肉坏了。Poor people often go hungry. 穷人经常饿肚子。Where did I go wrong in my calculation?我在计算中什么地方出了差错?go away 走开,离开 go back 回去go by (时间)过去；经过go down 下去；(船)下沉go home 回家 go off 走开go to sleep 睡着 go out (灯,火)熄灭go over 检查；复习go through 浏览；翻阅go to bed 上床,睡觉 go to school 上学go on with sth. 继续做某事go to the cinema 去看电影go in for sth. 从事(某工作)；喜欢go on doing sth. 继续做(原来的)事go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事go fishing / shopping / skating / swimming去钓鱼 / 买东西 / 溜冰 / 游泳17. make sense 讲得通,有意义,言之有理 This sentence doesnt make sense. 这个句子没有意义。 It doesnt make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. 这些便宜的大衣也很好, 何必非买那件贵的。in a sense 在某种意义上说in no senses 决不a sense of humor 幽默感common sense 常识,通情理1.她虽然不很聪明,但很有见识。 _ _2.让小孩玩火柴有意义吗？ _ _Although shes not very clever shes got lots of common sense.Does it make sense to let children play with matches?18. above all 首先,首要的是 He will be remembered above all as a loving husband and family man. 他首先是作为一个深情的丈夫和喜欢家庭 生活的人而被人所铭记。19. refer to 查阅；提到，涉及；提交 She referred to the subject several times during her speech. 在演讲中她好几次提到这个话题。 Please refer to our catalogue for details of all our products. 对于本公司所有产品的详细情况请查阅商品 目录。1.这件事已经结束了,所以别再提了。 _ _2.关于这个问题,请参阅我们的调查数据。 _ _This matter is finished, so please do not refer to it.As to this matter, please refer to the data of our survey.1. It was / will be+一段时间+before引导的从句 过了/要过就/才 这里用的是“一段时间”而不是一个时间点, 如果用的是时间点,则后面的before改为when。 It was 3 years before we met again. 我们过了3年才又见面。试比较以下几句：It was evening when we reached the town.我们到达那个小镇时已是傍晚了。It was in the evening that we reach the town.我们是在晚上的时候到达小镇的。(强调句)It was 2 hours before we reached the town.过了两个小时我们才到达小镇。常见的用法：It was (not) long before(没过)过了很久才It was long before he realized his mistakes.过了很久他才意识到自己的错误。It wasnt long before he realized his mistakes.没过多久他就意识到了自己的错误。 before与untilbefore “(在主句的动作之后)才”, “之前”,强调的是时间的先后顺序； I didnt know any English before I came here. 我来这之前不懂英语。(可能现在还是不懂)until “在之前(不)”,“(动作)持续到”,如用 于notuntil句型则表示“直到才”,强 调与以前的情况相反。I didnt know any English until I came here.我到了这才懂英语。(以前不懂,现在懂了)The children played on the playground until / till it was dark.孩子们在操场上一直玩到天黑。用before， until填空1. The noise of the street didnt stop _ midnight.2. It will be some time _ we know the full results.3. It was not _ he told me that I knew it.untilbeforeuntil2. Around the end of the first century AD, a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man. 公元1世纪末，一个叫做普林尼的罗马作家 写了一次他年轻时目睹的毁灭性的火山爆发。 本句话含有一个过去分词短语“called Pliny”,修饰writer; 一个修饰eruption的定语从句“that he had witnessed as a young man”。句子的主要结构是“a Roman writer wrote about a volcanic eruption”。3. However, much more than buildings and objects, it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history. 但是，与城里的建筑及物品相比，那些在灾 难中遇难的人的轮廓像则更使这个城市成为 人类历史上的一座纪念碑。 该句中，it isthat have made是一个强调句， 突出重点内容“在那场灾难中遇难的人的轮 廓”, 而who were caught in the disaster 则是定 语从句修饰 the people。 4. In this way, the city, which the world had once forgotten, lives on nearly 2,000 years after its loss. 这样，在消失近2，000年后，这座曾经一度 被世界遗忘的城市又复活了。 本句话含有一个定语从句,即修饰the city的非 限制性定语从句“which the world had once forgotten”。句子的主体结构是“the city lives on”。5. Running downstairs to my mother, I held up my hand and made the letters for doll. 我冲下楼梯跑向妈妈，举起手拼写玩具娃娃 的字母。 该句中running downstairs to my mother是现在 分词作状语，表伴随。6. Trying to learn the word “love” was an experience that she remembered well. 试图学会“爱”这个词是她记忆犹新的一次 经历。 该句中trying to learn the word “love” 是动名词， 作主语。 that she remembered well是定语从句，修饰 experience。7. The word “think” was also a difficult one for Helen but she had a breakthrough while working on a simple task. “思考”这个词对海伦来说也是一个困难的词， 但在做一件很简单的事情时，她取得了突破 性的进展。 该句中but 连接了前后两个并列句，在后一个 并列句中，while working on a simple task 是一 个由while引导的时间状语从句，由于主从句 主语一致，从句的主语省略，使用了分词。人际关系人际关系(读写任务读写任务) 人际关系指人与人之间的交往与友谊，与家人、朋友、邻居、亲戚或他人之间的情感交流或沟通；对他人的感谢、感恩、宽容、道歉、赞扬、微笑等，请求他人同意和帮助、解决问题、处理矛盾冲突、和解等等。 人际关系方面，高考命题人可能会选择如宽容、赞扬等某一个话题，要求考生通过自己或他人的一次经历来发表看法。以下几个具体话题值得关注：(1)有的同学抱怨父母的期望高、作业多、压力太大，或对生活中的其他方面感到不满，请写一篇短文，准备在“我们应该抱怨生活吗”的主题班会上发表你的看法。(2)写一篇短文，参加“增进父母与孩子之间的理解，构建和谐家庭”的演讲比赛。(3)就“如何构建和谐班集体”谈谈你的看法。(4)描写你和你的同学是怎样建立起友好关系的。实用表达：learn from each other 互相学习promote the friendship 增进友谊 improve the relationship 改善关系 show love and concern for sb. 爱护和关心某人Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.善于倾听使我们彼此走得更近。 A good relationship between teachers and students is of great importance for our studies. 良好的师生关系对我们的学习很重要。 To build a good relationship，we should trust each other. 要建立良好的关系，我们应该彼此信任。 Only in this way can we enjoy an equal relationship. 只有这样我们才能享有平等的关系。 They find it easy to communicate with their teachers. 他们发觉很容易和老师沟通。 We should value this harmonious relationship between teachers and students. 我们应该珍惜师生之间这种和谐的关系。 With the encouragement and support of my father，I have overcome many difficulties in my life. 在父亲的鼓励和支持下，我克服了生活中的许多苦难。 A good relationship will make learning and teaching enjoyable while a bad one can make them unpleasant. 良好的关系可以使教与学变得愉快，不好的关系令人不高兴。 阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 “Can I see my baby？” asked the happy new mother. The bundle (婴儿包) was placed in her arms and when she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped. The doctor turned quickly and looked out the hospital window. The baby has been born without ears. Time, however, proved that the babys hearing was perfect except his appearance. One day when he rushed home from school and threw himself into his mothers arms, he cried out bitterly, “A boy, a big boy called me a ffreak.” She sighed, knowing that his life was to be endless of heartbreaks. He grew up, handsome for his misfortune. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a gift for literature and music. The boys father had a talk with the family doctor. Could nothing be done? “I believe we could graft(移植)on a pair of outer ears, if they could be donated(捐献)，”the doctor decided. So the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice. Two years went by. Then, “Youre going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But its a secret，” said the father. The operation was a brilliant success. His talents blossomed (开花) into genius. School and college became a series of successes. Later he married and entered the diplomatic (外交) service. “But I must know！” he urged his father. “Who gave so much for me? I could never do enough for him.” “I do not believe you could，” said the father, “but the agreement was that you are not to knownot yet.” The years kept the secret, but the day did comeone of the darkest days that ever passed through a son. He stood with his father over his mothers casket (棺材). Slowly and tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddishbrown hair to let out the secret. 【写作内容写作内容】 1. 以约30个词概括这个感人的故事； 2. 以约120个词，请就“在受别人的帮助中，学会了帮助别人”的话题写一篇英语短文，表达你内心的感受，并包括如下要点： (1)你看完这个故事后，你如何评价这位母亲的无私行为； (2)请以你的日常生活经历的事情为例，说明别人的善良行为对你的影响； (3)你的感想。 【写作要求写作要求】 1. 作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2. 标题自定。 所给文章属于记叙文文体，第一段在概括时，要抓住记叙文的“六要素”，即who/ when/ where/ what/ why/ how；且通常用一般过去时进行概括。对于某些启发性很强的记叙文，我们在概括部分可以加上事件带给我们的启发，注意，“启发”句要用一般现在时表达。本文的概要必须包含以下要点：A baby was born without ears. Someone donated the ears the boy need. The years kept the secret. The father let out the secret. 第一个写作要点“你看完这个故事后，你如何评价这位母亲的无私行为”，是要对故事中母亲的行为发表你的看法，所以在概括部分和此要点之间可以使用After reading the story, I am deeply moved and realize that进行过渡，而且为了与下一个要点衔接，该部分的感想最好涉及“善良行为”，为下文做铺垫。第二个要点“请以你的日常生活经历的事情为例，说明别人的善良行为对你的影响”，此部分的例子要精练，因为本文毕竟不是记叙文，之后要结合所举事例来谈对自己的影响，切忌事例与感想脱节。第三个要点还要谈“你的感想”，在结构和内容上是对前面内容的总结和升华。 此外，在行文时，要注意分段。根据写作要求的要点，全文应分为四段。第一段是摘要部分，写作内容部分的三个要点分别为二、三、四段。 通常来讲，读写任务部分所写短文的段落数可以根据写作要求的要点数来确定：总段数1要点数。其中，摘要为第一段，其他各段内容依要点顺序安排即可。 Help is Always Unselfish A unselfish mother donated her ears to her imperfect son without telling him about it. At last, the son got the secret from his father after his mother died.Help is always unselfish. The mother donated her ears to her son, showing her greatest love to her child. From these, we can know how difficult it is for parents to raise their children. In the daily life, we always get kind help from our teachers, classmates and friends. And their kind help is always unselfish. When I was in Senior Middle School, I lived in the school. Every time I was ill, my teachers and classmates gave me kind help, taking good care of me all the time. In todays society, I was affected by some bad things, which made me think that there was no kindness in the world. It was my friends who did everything to help me out. From these experiences, I have realized that helping others is necessary, and true love does exist in our daily life. Since then, I have changed myself a lot, and I also give hands to others when they are in need of help. 阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 I received a call from the nursing home. Grandpa was failing rapidly. There was nothing to do but hold his hand. “I love you, Grandpa. Thank you for always being there for me.” Memories memories six days a week, Grandpa in that old blue shirt caring for those cattle on hotsummer days plowing the soil, planting the corn and beans and harvesting them in the fallalways working from dawn to dusk. But on Sundays he put on his gray suit and hat. Grandma wore her winecolored dress and ivory beads, and they went to church. I removed Grandpas things from the room and found a very old handmade valentine in the top drawer of his nightstand. A piece of white paper had been glued to the center of the heart. On it, penned in Grandmas handwriting, were these words： TO LEE FROM HARRIET with All My Love, February 14, 1895 Are you alive? Real? Or are you the most beautiful dream that I have had in years? Are you an angel or a figment of my imagination? You made me laugh when my heart was crying. You helped me set new goals when I was dying. You showed me dew drops and I had diamonds. You sang to me and angelic choirs burst forth in song. You held my hand and my whole being loved you. You gave me a ring and I belonged to you. I belonged to you and I have experienced all. Tears streamed down my cheeks as I read the words. Now it is framed on my dresser, a treasured part of family history. 【写作内容写作内容】 1以约30个词概括短文的要点； 2然后以约120个词就“真爱”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点： (1)真爱的重要性； (2)你对真爱的看法及理由。 【写作要求写作要求】 可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子。_ One possible version： After his grandpa passed away, the author found the grandpas valentine which is a fitting testament to the true and holy love story about his grandpa and grandma.It is essential for everyone to get true love in his lifetime. On the one hand, it can bring in full confidence, but on the other hand it can contribute to many success. Without true love, however, you are not courageous to meet challenges. Whats more, you will fail in your study.From my personal point of view, we, out of true love, are considerate of each others feelings and courteous in our actions toward one another; but we do not insist that our own way is best and demand that our mates give in to us. Besides, we are concerned not only about our own individual interests, but about the interests of the other as well, because we look forward to our relationship growing more meaningful and precious. Last but not least, we should treat our mates with absolute trust. As soon as we gain true love each other, well be enabled to fight and overcome any difficulty; at the same time, well find our life full of color and flavor.