第一章第一章 绪论绪论 IntroductionIntroduction F Features of Objectseatures of Objects From fetus to adolescenceDifferent from adultContinuous growth & developmentPEDIATRICSPEDIATRICS研究对象特点研究对象特点 Individual difference, Sexual difference, & Aged difference Rehabilitated ability to ill is rather powerful Preventional ability themselves is rather poorPEDIATRICSPEDIATRICS研究对象特点研究对象特点 To study regular pattern of growth & development & the affecting factors in chidren To sduty pediatric diseases To sduty pediatric prevention To sduty pediatric recoveryMEDICAL SCIENCEMEDICAL SCIENCEPEDIATRICSPEDIATRICS内容内容all health problems all health problems in childrenin children 预防儿科学 Preventive Pediatrics 发育儿科学 Developmental Pediatrics 临床儿科学 Clinical PediatricsPEDIATRICSPEDIATRICS范围范围PURPOSEPURPOSE To understand the pediatric features To master the age stage and features in childPEDIATRICSPEDIATRICS目的目的Basic Medical Features Basic Medical Features Anatomy from small to large Functions physiologic & biochemistric & immunologic functions are gradual perfection Pathology response to germ is different for different age stage psychology & behaviour continuity & plasticityPEDIATRICSPEDIATRICS基础医学特点基础医学特点Clinical Medical Features Clinical Medical Features Category of disease Clinical Manifestation Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis PreventionPEDIATRICSPEDIATRICS临床医学特点临床医学特点胎儿期胎儿期 Fetal Period from fertilized ovum to delivery from fertilized ovum to delivery (about 40 weeks)(about 40 weeks)FeatureFeature easy abortion or malformationeasy abortion or malformation formed by any risk factor formed by any risk factor 年龄分期新生儿期新生儿期 Neonatal Periodfrom umbilical ligation to 28 day from umbilical ligation to 28 day old old FeaturesFeatures Beginning living independentlyBeginning living independentlyBeginning living independentlyBeginning living independently Lack Lack Lack Lack the the the the ability ability ability ability of of of of physiological physiological physiological physiological regulation and to adapt to circumstancesregulation and to adapt to circumstancesregulation and to adapt to circumstancesregulation and to adapt to circumstances Morbidity & mortality are very high Morbidity & mortality are very high Morbidity & mortality are very high Morbidity & mortality are very high 年龄分期 婴儿期婴儿期 Infancy from delivery to 1 year oldfrom delivery to 1 year oldFeaturesFeatures rapid growth periodrapid growth periodrapid growth periodrapid growth period fastest brain growth fastest brain growth fastest brain growth fastest brain growth nutrition & energy requirements are nutrition & energy requirements are nutrition & energy requirements are nutrition & energy requirements are more more more more digestive & absorbing functions are digestive & absorbing functions are digestive & absorbing functions are digestive & absorbing functions are poor poor poor poor passive immunity gradually diminishes passive immunity gradually diminishes passive immunity gradually diminishes passive immunity gradually diminishes年龄分期 幼儿期幼儿期 Toddlerhoodfrom 1 to 3 years oldfrom 1 to 3 years oldFeatures Features growth becomes slowergrowth becomes slowergrowth becomes slowergrowth becomes slower more activity and more contact with the more activity and more contact with the more activity and more contact with the more activity and more contact with the outer world outer world outer world outer world intelligence development becomes faster intelligence development becomes faster intelligence development becomes faster intelligence development becomes faster poor ability to identify danger poor ability to identify danger poor ability to identify danger poor ability to identify danger年龄分期 学龄前期学龄前期 Preschool Periodfrom 3 years old to 6-7 years oldfrom 3 years old to 6-7 years oldFeaturesFeatures growth becomes slower, intelligencegrowth becomes slower, intelligencegrowth becomes slower, intelligencegrowth becomes slower, intelligence development becomes more mature development becomes more mature development becomes more mature development becomes more mature strong desire of knowledge, strong desire of knowledge, strong desire of knowledge, strong desire of knowledge, imitation of adult imitation of adult imitation of adult imitation of adult s behavior s behavior s behavior s behavior poor ability to identify danger poor ability to identify danger poor ability to identify danger poor ability to identify danger 年龄分期 学龄期学龄期 School Age from 6-7 years old to adolescencefrom 6-7 years old to adolescenceFeatureFeature growth becomes steadiergrowth becomes steadier intelligence development becomes intelligence development becomes more maturemore mature increasing desire of knowledgeincreasing desire of knowledgeincreasing desire of knowledgeincreasing desire of knowledge decreasing incidence of diseases decreasing incidence of diseases年龄分期 青春期青春期 Adolescencefrom the appearance of 2from the appearance of 2from the appearance of 2from the appearance of 2ndndndnd sexual sexual sexual sexual character to genitality maturity and character to genitality maturity and character to genitality maturity and character to genitality maturity and growth completiongrowth completiongrowth completiongrowth completiongirl 11-12yrs-17-18yrsgirl 11-12yrs-17-18yrsgirl 11-12yrs-17-18yrsgirl 11-12yrs-17-18yrsBoy 13-14yrs-18-20yrsBoy 13-14yrs-18-20yrsBoy 13-14yrs-18-20yrsBoy 13-14yrs-18-20yrsFeatureFeature growth & development become the fastestgrowth & development become the fastestgrowth & development become the fastestgrowth & development become the fastest neuroendocrine regulation is unsteady neuroendocrine regulation is unsteady neuroendocrine regulation is unsteady neuroendocrine regulation is unsteady a lot of a lot of a lot of a lot of problems in spirit,emotion problems in spirit,emotion and behavior and behavior年龄分期 Thank You