Unit 7 AdversityGet StartedListen and RespondOptional Classroom ActivitiesEnhance Your Language AwarenessRead and Explore新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Unit 7Get Started3Watching and DiscussionDiscussionQuotes 1. Have you ever experienced any intense difficulties, hardships or major obstacles in your life? (Open.)2. How do you usually deal with adversity? 3. Do you think adversity can make you grow better and stronger? (Open.) Get started - discussionSit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following brainstorming questions.新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Unit 7Get Started4DiscussionQuotes Watching and DiscussionStudy the following quotes on success. Which quote do you like best? Why? Get started - quotes新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Unit 7Get Started5DiscussionQuotes Watching and DiscussionSmooth seas do not make skillful sailors. African proverbInterpretation:Sailing on rough seas, sailors are constantly faced with all kinds of hostile conditions. In their struggle against adversities, they can acquire survival skills in time. Similarly, the difficulties of life should make us better, not bitter. In the process of dealing with problems and difficulties, we can become more experienced in life. Therefore, instead of panicking or complaining in the face of adversity, we should see it as a challenge as well as a chance to improve our abilities. Get started - quotes新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Unit 7Get Started6DiscussionQuotes Watching and DiscussionWhen it is dark enough, you can see the stars. Ralph Waldo Emerson Click PictureInterpretation:This quote tells us not to lose hope in the face of adversity. As we all know, we cannot see well when night falls, but against the dark background we find the shining stars in the sky. So, at a time when we think we are at our worst, we can always discover something that promises hope, such as friendship, love and care from the people who wont desert us no matter what has happened. Get started - quotes新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Unit 7Get Started7DiscussionQuotes Watching and DiscussionAdversity is the first path to truth. Lord Byron Click PictureInterpretation:Through adversity we can approach truth. When we are going through difficult times, we are able to see things and people from an angle different from when we are successful. Hence we tend to see things more soberly and objectively in times of adversity. Get started - quotes新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Unit 7Get Started8DiscussionQuotes Watching and DiscussionIf we had no winter, the spring would not be so pleasant; if we did not sometimes taste of adversity, prosperity would not be so welcome. Anne Bradstreet Click PictureInterpretation:We love spring and resent winter; we love prosperity and hate adversity. But just as white would have no meaning if there is no black as a contrast, we wouldnt be able to appreciate the warm spring sun without having endured the cold of winter. Get started - quotes新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Unit 7Get Started9Watching and DiscussionDiscussionQuotes Watch the following video clip “Magic Johnson” and do the tasks that follow:Get started w & dclick here新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Unit 7Get Started10Watching and DiscussionDiscussionQuotes Get started w & d1. Answer the questions.1) What is the biggest challenge in Magic Johnsons life? Click here2) What a guy does Magic Johnson call himself?He is an AIDS patient. He calls himself “a competitor” and “a positive guy.” click here新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Unit 7Get Started11Watching and DiscussionDiscussionQuotes Get started w & d2. Discuss how people should meet challenges such as some serious diseases. hold a positive attitudefollow the doctors instructionsfocus on important matters in life click hereUnit 7Listen and Respond12Word BankTask One Task Two 新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2bean n. 豆 adversity n. C; U fml bad fortune; trouble 正式逆境，不幸，厄运，患难 soften vt. cause to become soft(er), gentle, less stiff, or less severe 使变软，使变轻柔，使变温和 harden vt. make sth. firm or stiff 使变硬，使坚固，使硬化 L & R word bankUnit 7Listen and Respond13Task One Word BankTask Two 新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.L & R T1Unit 7Listen and Respond14Task One Word BankTask Two 新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程21. The main idea of this passage is _.A)how to boil some carrots, eggs and coffee beans in water B)that we should make better use of carrots, eggs and coffee beans C)that daughters should learn how to cookD)how to deal with adversity in lifeL & R T1DUnit 7Listen and Respond15Task One Word BankTask Two 新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程22. The daughter complained to her father because _.A)she did not know how to cook B)she had a hard life and wanted to give up C)she found it hard to boil carrots, eggs and coffee beans in water D)she couldnt bear the bitter taste of the coffee L & R T1BUnit 7Listen and Respond16Task One Word BankTask Two 新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程23. After being boiled in the boiling water, the coffee beans _.A)became softened B)became hardened C)made the water taste bitter D)made the water taste better L & R T1DUnit 7Listen and Respond17Task One Word BankTask Two 新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程24. The father hoped that his daughter would be like _in the face of adversity. A)a carrotB)an eggC)a coffee bean D)himself L & R T1CUnit 7Listen and Respond18Task TwoWord BankTask One新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Listen to the recording carefully and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.L & R T2Unit 7Listen and Respond19Task TwoWord BankTask One新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程21.A daughter complained to her father about her life and how things were so for her. She wanted 2. to .2. The carrots, eggs and coffee beans reacted to the boiling water differently. The carrots went in strong and hard, but came out . The eggs had been weak. But after being boiled their inside became . However the coffee beans had made the water after they were boiled in the boiling water. hard_give up_softened and weak_hardened_taste better_L & R T2Unit 7Listen and Respond20Task TwoWord BankTask One新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程23. “When adversity on your door, how do you react? Are you a carrot, an egg, or a coffee bean? If you are like the coffee bean, when things are at their , you get better and around you.” knocks_worst _make things better_L & R T2Unit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth StudyVoicing Your Views21新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Exercise 1: Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1. What did the researchers discover in the book Cradles of Eminence?2. What can we learn about Anna Eleanor Roosevelt?3. What is meant by the Adversity Principle?4. According to this text is it necessarily true that a tough childhood means problems or failures over ones entire lifetime? What should we do when we face adversity? R & E TA main ideasUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth StudyVoicing Your Views22新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Exercise 2: Text A can be divided into three parts. Give the main idea of each part in one sentence.PartPara(s)Main ideasI1II2-11III12Difficulties and obstacles in ones childhood may not necessarily mean problems or failures over ones entire lifetime. The author cites some examples of successful people who overcame various difficulties and obstacles and fully developed their potential. The author calls on readers to adopt a positive attitude toward hardship and take action to develop their true potential. R & E TA main ideasUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study23新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views It is said that childhood obstacles and hardships restrain ones growth and development. But with the examples of many eminent people, the author makes it clear that adversity is the cradle of success.R & E TA in-depthUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study24新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your ViewsDid You Have a Tough Childhood? Jill Ammon-Wexler Many claim unhappy and terrible childhood experiences “damage” people in their adult years. But is this necessarily true? Actually, just the opposite seems to be true. Intense difficulties, hardships and major obstacles are actually often major contributors to success. Its true that difficult childhoods do leave some people wounded and disadvantaged. But for others, a tough childhood actually drives them to remarkable achievement and success! R & E TA in-depth1Unit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study25新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views2 In a classic book entitled Cradles of Eminence, researchers reviewed the childhood family life of 700 of the worlds most successful people. Their goal was to identify the early experiences that contributed to the remarkable achievements of these successful people. All of their “research subjects” are widely known for their personal accomplishments. Their names are easily recognizable: Franklin D. Roosevelt, Helen Keller, Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein, Sigmund Freud, etc. R & E TA in-depthUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study26新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views3 What they discovered is truly fascinating! Three-quarters of these successful people (525 of the 700) came from deeply troubled childhoods. They had endured extreme poverty, broken homes, and even parental abuse. Over one-fourth (199 of the 700) had to deal with very serious physical handicaps such as deafness, blindness or crippled limbs. And over 80% of those who became successful writers and playwrights had watched their own parents struggle with intense psychological dramas.R & E TA in-depthUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study27新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views4 Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, a former US “First Lady” provides an excellent example. Anna lost her parents at the age of 10, and had a very unpleasant childhood. As a young girl she was painfully aware of being very homely. And her childhood writings reveal she never had a sense of “belonging” anywhere, or to anyone. But as she matured, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt refused to remain “disadvantaged.” She hauled herself up by her own bootstraps and began to strive for a higher, more powerful consciousness. R & E TA in-depthUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study28新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views5 After marrying Franklin D. Roosevelt, she ended up courageously nursing her husband through crippling polio. Then when he was elected to the US Presidency in the depth of the Great Depression, Mrs. Roosevelt quickly transformed the position of First Lady. As First Lady, she became an outspoken supporter for the disadvantaged people of all races, religions and countries. At the same time, she helped her husband manage the White House and raised six children. R & E TA in-depthUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study29新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views6 After her husbands death, she spent the remainder of her life as a highly respected American spokesperson to the United Nations. At her death, this shy, disadvantaged, homely and withdrawn young woman had become one of the most loved and respected women of her entire generation. 7 Why did this happen? Eleanor Roosevelt made a personal choice to lift herself beyond her perceived “limitations.” She displayed a tough, unyielding courage, tempered by remarkable self-control and self-discipline. R & E TA in-depthUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study30新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views Obstacles and hardships do NOT have to lead to failure. Scientific evidence has proven that “well-being” is NOT always an advantage for either plants or animals. Where there is no challenge, obstacle or hardship, growth and development is often limited. Biologists refer to this as the “adversity principle.” R & E TA in-depth8Unit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study31新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views9 Consider Lou Gehrig: Lou was such a clumsy kid that the boys in his neighborhood wouldnt let him play on their baseball team. But he tapped into his resources of inner courage and determination. Lou Gehrig is today listed in the baseball “Hall of Fame” as one of the greatest ball players of all time. R & E TA in-depthUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study32新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views10 Then there was Woodrow Wilson, who couldnt read until he was ten years old. Wilson went on in his life to become the twenty-eighth President of the United States. Thomas Edison was deaf. Booker T. Washington was born in slavery, and a “club foot” crippled Lord Byron. The famous writer Robert Louis Stevenson had tuberculosis. Alexander Pope had a hunchback. Yet each of these individuals became famous historic figures in spite of their handicaps. R & E TA in-depthUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study33新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views11 Helen Keller, who could not hear or see, transformed an entire nation when she graduated with honors from college. She is still a source of inspiration for millions. Then theres Ludwig van Beethoven. Beethoven began to lose his hearing in his 20s, and was completely deaf by 50. Yet he created some of the worlds most beautiful music. Beethoven was once overheard shouting at the top of his voice, “I will life !”R & E TA in-depthtakeby the throatUnit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth Study34新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Voicing Your Views Your attitude toward any perceived personal “handicap” determines its impact on your life. This IS your life! Why not make it all it can be? To become all we can be, we MUST stop making excuses. Use any personal adversity or perceived limitations to do what Beethoven did: Grab life by the throat! And this is a good day to take action to claim more of your true potential. Get past your “old ,” my friend, and ! If not now, when?R & E TA in-depthfire yourself upstuff12Unit 7Read and Explore Text ADiscovering the Main IdeasIn-Depth StudyVoicing Your Views35新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Work in threes or fours and have a group discussion on how adversity might contribute to achievement and success. R & E TA voicingAdversity might contribute to success in the following ways:Once a person has experienced both success and adversity, he or she would not feel hopeless in adversity or overjoyed with success, and would always be prepared to overcome difficulties and obstacles on the way to success.Adversity builds character and fosters resilience and patience.If one treats adversity as challenge and succeeds in overcoming ones difficulties, he or she will be tempered and will grow stronger and maturer in character. Meanwhile, he or she will have a sense of fulfilment.Unit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions36新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Key Words for Text Baccurate componentstress ease identity zone convert maintain identification breed posestrategicimpulse R & E TB wordsUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions37新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Expressions for Text Bin the face ofdraw onthrow sb. off balancetry for sth. / try out for sth.go forin kindby definitionR & E TB expressionsUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions38新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程21. Resilience is an emotional muscle that can grow with use and practice or become weak if ignored. (Para. 1) English is the same as any other skill that can grow with regular use and practice or become weak if ignored. 1) Please paraphrase this sentence. The nature of resilience is like that of a human muscle: the more you exercise it, the stronger it will be. Leave it aside and it will become weak and lose its function. 英语也是一种技能，经常使用，经常练习，那么英语能力就会提高。反之，如果完全忽视它，英语能力自然就会下降。 2) Translate the following Chinese into English by imitating the above English sentence from the text. R & E TB d sentencesUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions39新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程22. It makes them more hardy in the face of adversity and better able to draw on their cognitive abilities in situations that throw others off balance. (Para. 4) The week they spent in the village made them better aware of the reality in the countryside and more eager for governments policies to improve farmers income so that the children will not be starving for their parents company.住在村里的这一周使他们更加清楚农村的现状，同时他们也更加渴望政府制定政策，增加农民收入，使农村孩子不再缺少父母的陪伴。 Please translate the following Chinese by using the pattern in the above sentence: “sth. makes sb. + 形容词比较级and + 形容词比较级.”R & E TB d sentencesUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions40新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程23. It is, in fact, more a learning process than an inherited gift. (Para. 5) Resilience requires being more strategic and less impulsive. (Para. 18) By definition, when you are less reactive, you become more resilient. (Para. 19)1) Comparative in the above sentences emphasizes contrast of ideas. Please translate the above sentences into Chinese.事实上，韧性的培养更像一个学习过程，而不是先天禀赋。(Para. 5)要培养韧性，需要多些策略，少些冲动。(Para. 18)从定义上来说，没有过激的反应时，你就变得更有韧性。(Para. 19)R & E TB d sentencesUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions41新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程23. It is, in fact, more a learning process than an inherited gift. (Para. 5) Resilience requires being more strategic and less impulsive. (Para. 18) By definition, when you are less reactive, you become more resilient. (Para. 19)Success, in my eyes, is more related with hard work than with luck.To live in harmony with your roommates, you need to be more tolerant and less selfish.In fact, when you are less self-centered, you become more likable.2) Make up some sentences by yourself, imitating the sample sentences from the text. R & E TB d sentencesUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions42新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Paras.1-2Q1Q1Q2Q2What does resilience have in common with a muscle?Why do we all need to grow this emotional muscle of resilience?R & E TB c questionsUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions43新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Paras.3-5Q1Q1Q2Q2Q3Q3Is resilience an inborn trait according to Ellen McGrath?What role does personality play in the development of resilience?What helps promote resilience?R & E TB c questionsUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions44新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Paras.6-7Q1Q1What is the advice offered in the two paragraphs?R & E TB c questionsQ2Q2What difference do you think it will make when you stop thinking of yourself as a victim?Unit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions45新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Paras.8-11Q1Q1Q2Q2Q3Q3What is the advice offered here?What is a comfort zone? How does our comfort zone influence our lives?What are some of the things we can do to go beyond our comfort zone?R & E TB c questionsUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions46新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Paras.12-15Q1Q1Q2Q2Why do we need to choose a hero?What do you know about Christopher Reeve?R & E TB c questionsQ3Q3What do you know about Lance Armstrong?Unit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions47新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Paras.16-17Q QWhy do we need to push ourselves physically when developing resilience?R & E TB c questionsUnit 7Read and Explore Text BKey Words and ExpressionsDifficult SentencesComprehension Questions48新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Paras.18-19Q1Q1Q2Q2What does patience have to do with resilience?How should we react when someone is rude to us?R & E TB c questionsUnit 7Optional Classroom Activities 49新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Activity 1: Surf on the Internet for stories of stars of resilience, e.g. Joan of Arc, Christopher Reeve, etc. Share the story you like most with your classmates.Optional c activitiesUnit 7Optional Classroom Activities 50新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Activity 2: Do you know what your Adversity Quotient (AQ) is? Find out about it by answering the following “yes” or “no” questions. Score your “yes” and “no” responses and count up the number of “yes” responses youve marked. Consult your teacher for the implications of the result. Optional c activitiesUnit 7Optional Classroom Activities 51新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Optional c activitiesQUESTIONANSWERYESNO1. Are you still full of energy at the end of the day? 2. Do you thrive on challenges and are you usually not frustrated by most difficulties? 3. Do most people consider you optimistic, resilient, and energetic? 4. When adversity strikes, do you keep a cool head and focus on resolving the situation? 5. Do you constantly strive to learn, grow, and improve? Unit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in ContextTheme-Related Writing52新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Useful Expressions from Text AChinese Equivalencesmajor contributors to success 造就成功的主要因素造就成功的主要因素 Its true that 的确的确 a tough childhood不幸的童年不幸的童年 drive sb. to remarkable achievement and success 促使某人取得异乎寻常的促使某人取得异乎寻常的成就成就 extreme poverty 极端的贫困极端的贫困 serious physical handicaps 严重的生理残障严重的生理残障a sense of “belonging” 归属感归属感in the depth of the Great Depression 在大萧条最严重时在大萧条最严重时 Enhance expressions TAUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in ContextTheme-Related Writing53新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Useful Expressions from Text AChinese Equivalencesan outspoken supporter for 的公开支持者的公开支持者 display a tough, unyielding courage 显示了坚强不屈的勇气显示了坚强不屈的勇气 Obstacles and hardships do not have to lead to failure. 障碍和困难未必会导致失败。障碍和困难未必会导致失败。 graduate with honors from college 以优异成绩从大学毕业以优异成绩从大学毕业 get past ones “old stuff” 忘记忘记“旧事旧事” fire oneself up 让自己振奋起来让自己振奋起来 Enhance expressions TAUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in ContextTheme-Related Writing54新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Useful Expressions from Text BChinese Equivalencesgrow with use and practice 经常使用和练习就变得更好经常使用和练习就变得更好in the face of adversity 面对逆境面对逆境 an inherited gift 先天禀赋先天禀赋 go beyond ones comfort zone 走出舒适圈走出舒适圈There is no end to 数不胜数数不胜数 convert everyday stresses into opportunities for growth 把日常生活中的压力转化把日常生活中的压力转化为成长的动力为成长的动力 develop coping strategies 培养应对策略培养应对策略 Enhance expressions TBUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context55新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related WritingGrammar task 1: Study the following sentences that appear in this unit and reflect on the subject-verb agreement, and then do the task that follows.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context56新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related Writing1) All of their “research subjects” are widely known for their personal accomplishments. (Para. 2, Text A)2) What they discovered is truly fascinating! (Para. 3, Text A)3) Where there is no challenge, obstacle or hardship, growth and development is often limited. (Para. 8, Text A)4) Everyone can grow this emotional muscle. Everyone needs to. (Para. 2, Text B)5) The media offer plenty of possibilities: Christopher Reeve, Lance Armstrong, even Hillary Clinton. (Para. 14, Text B) 6) If someone is rude to you, dont immediately respond in kind or display contempt. (Para. 19, Text B)Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context57新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related Writing主谓一致主谓一致一、基本语法规则一、基本语法规则 谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语一致。例如： He works in this factory. c.f. They work in this factory. There is little time left. c.f. There are many guests here. Unemployment as well as taxes influences votes. c.f. Taxes as well as unemployment influence votes.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context58新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related Writing二、单数主语以下形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数1) 不定式短语、动词-ing形式及名词从句。例如： To get there before eight is impossible. Reading makes a wise man. What we need now is more time.2) 事件、国名、机构名称、书名等。例如： The United Nations was established in 1945. Pride and Prejudice has become a classic.3) 以下不定代词和限定词作主语或修饰主语时：every, each, everyone, everybody, one, either, neither, many a。例如： Every student is given a handbook. Is either of the books available in your store? Many a student wishes for more freedom in selecting courses.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context59新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related Writing三、复数主语 以下不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数：both, few, many, several。例如： Few of my family understand me. Several of the managers are absent now.四、带有量词的主语与动词的一致 确定核心主语，该主语与动词保持一致。例如： A lot of the equipment is new. c.f. A lot of my friends are here tonight. More than one person is involved in the case. c.f. More than one hundred people were killed in the typhoon.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context60新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related Writing五、并列主语1）由and或bothand连接两个主语时，动词一般用复数，除非并列主语作为整体考虑，或在意义上指同一个人或事物。例如： Both John and Ann are my friends. Riding a bicycle and playing basketball are my greatest pleasure. The editor and publisher of the journal is John Smith. (the editor和 publisher是同一个人)2）由or, eitheror, 或 neithernor连接两个主语时，动词与最接近的一个主语一致。例如： Neither the prices nor the quality has changed. c.f. Neither the quality nor the prices have changed.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context61新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related Writing六、集体名词作主语 集体名词作主语时，动词的数取决于主语表示的意义。当主语表示不可分割的整体时，动词用单数；当主语强调集体中的每一个成员时，动词用复数。例如： The family is the basic unit of the society. c.f. The family are sitting around the dinner table.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context62新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related WritingNow do the tasks on Page 218 in your textbook.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context63新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related WritingGrammar task 2: Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the pronoun-antecedent agreement, and then do the task in your textbook. Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context64新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related Writing1. And over 80% of those who became successful writers and playwrights had watched their own parents struggle with intense psychological dramas. (Para. 3, Text A)2. But Anna Eleanor Roosevelt refused to remain “disadvantaged.” She hauled herself up by her own bootstraps and began to strive for a higher, more powerful consciousness. (Para. 4, Text A)3. Lou was such a clumsy kid that the boys in his neighborhood wouldnt let him play on their baseball team. (Para. 9, Text A) 4.Your attitude toward any perceived personal “handicap” determines its impact on your life. (Para. 12, Text A) 5. If you are having trouble with a child, remember how much you love him or her. (Para. 10, Text B)Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context65新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related Writing代词一致代词一致一、基本语法规则 代词必须与其所指代的名词或代词在人称、数、性上保持一致。例如：George loves his job. c.f. These women expressed their opinions directly.二、下列词作主语或修饰主语时，代词一般用单数 every, each, one, either, neither, anybody, nobody, everyone, somebody, no one, nothing, anything, nothing等。例如：Every citizen should exercise his / her right to vote.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context66新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related Writing三、and连接两个单数名词时，代词用复数。例如：Tom and Simon sat on the step with their coats on.四、or或nor连接两个单数名词时，代词用单数；连接两个复数名词时，代词用复数；连接的两个名词一个为单数，一个是复数，或一个阳性，一个阴性时，代词与邻近的名词一致。例如：Did Anny or Lucy lose her bag? c.f. Did Anny or Tim lose his bag?五、所指代的集体名词根据其具体意义确定代词的数。例如：My family is large. It is composed of nine members. c.f. My family are always loving and supportive. They never fail me.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in Context67新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Theme-Related WritingNow do the tasks on Pages 218-219 in your textbook.Enhance grammarUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in ContextTheme-Related Writing68新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2Write a short essay entitled “When Facing Adversity.” The following outline may be of some help.Enhance writinga. The adversity we may encounter in life b. General reactions of people to adversity c. Your own view on dealing with adversityUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in ContextTheme-Related Writing69新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2SampleWriting Throughout our lifetime we may encounter many adversities: unable to pay for the education, obstacles in studies and even physical disabilities. Whether we are rich or poor, intelligent or slow, adversity seems the constant companion of many of us. In the face of adversity there are typically two reactions: one is to feel frightened and run away; the other, to face it with courage. But what happens next makes a big difference between the brave and the cowardly. Some people turn away from adversity without even an attempt to make things better; Enhance writingUnit 7Enhance Your Language AwarenessUseful ExpressionsGrammar in ContextTheme-Related Writing70新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程2SampleWritingwhile others, though frightened emotionally or disadvantaged physically, manage to shake off the initial fear and take hold of their bootstraps to pull themselves out of the bad situations they are in. We should choose the attitude of the latter because running away is not going to solve the problem. In addition, this attitude may lead one to acquire the habit of always thinking negatively and thus limit ones growth and development. Enhance writingThank You!71个人观点供参考，欢迎讨论