CanadaI Geography:the second largest country(about10 million square kilometers in the world, covering about two-fifths of the North American continent Tree of Canada: Maple Two major rivers systems: The Mackenzie(麦肯齐河) andthe St. Laurence(圣劳伦斯河) ; the former is the longest river in Canada, while the latter the most important one. 1Main Lakes: Huron, Great Bear, Superior, Great slave, Winnipeg, Erie and Ontario, among which Great Bear Lake is the largest one situated entirely in Canada and Great Slave Lake is the deepest one.Ten Provinces and two territories:60% of the population distributed between Quebec City and the west end of Lake OntarioSt. Lawrence Great Lakes Provinces(圣劳伦斯五大湖区) 23Ontario the only province bordering 4 Great Lakes that touch Canada (excluding Michigan) Toronto: the largest city and financial center of Canada; capital of Ontario Ottawa: capital of Canada, the fourth largest city of Canada, located in the Ottawa Valley in the eastern part of the province of Ontario4Q u e b e c: t h e l a r g e s t p r o v i n c e o f C a n a d a ; Quebec City: Capital of the Province; Montreal: on the St. Lawrence River, the second largest city of Canada, the chief port, the largest graining-shipping city in the world.Vancouver: British Columbias largest city and the third largest city in Canada, an important ice-free harbor on the Pacific coast of Canada, the largest cargo port on the Pacific 5II History: National Day: July 1(1867)The British North America Act establishing the Canadian federal state in 1867 The Seven-year War (1756-1763) between the British and the French: Ending up with Frances failure losing all of its colonies to England 6III Politics: A federation and a self-governing member of the commonwealth; Canada, like Australia, New Zealand and some other Commonwealth countries recognizes Britains monarch, Elizabeth II, as head of state, who is represented in Canada by the Governor G e n e r a l a p p o i n t e d o n t h e recommendation of the Prime Minister Elections held at least every five years 7IV Economy: One of the largest in the world: rich in natural resourcesWater the most important natural resources generating three-quarters of the total electric power, thus playing a key role in Canadas economy: Its waterways such as the St. Lawrence, the Great Lakes and the great rivers of Western Canada have a very important impact on the countrys development. 8Mineral Resources:A primary producer of nickel(镍), zinc(锌) and asbestoses(石棉) The Canadian Shield where major mineral deposits are foundQuebec has the western Hemispheres largest deposits of asbestosesAlso abundant in coal; the worlds largest exporter of fishRanking third in the production of lumber and other forest products Furs are another valuable resource.9Manufacturing: the most important economic activity in CanadaFood processing: the leading industryThe manufacturing of transportation equipment ranks second10