Unit 2 The United KingdomLanguage points1. How many countries does the UK consist of? 大不列颠由多少个国家组成？大不列颠由多少个国家组成？ consist vi. 在于在于, , 存在于存在于; ; 组成组成, , 构成构成习惯搭配：习惯搭配： 1) consist of 由由组成，组成， 由由构构成，成， 包括包括( (注意注意: :不能用于被动语态和进行时态不能用于被动语态和进行时态) )= be made up ofThis club consists of more than 200 mostly of carbon.2) consist in 基于，在于基于，在于members.Coal consists ，存在存在之中之中The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings. 2. England can be divided into three main areas. 英国可以分成三大部分。英国可以分成三大部分。 divide 意为意为“把一个整体分成若干个部把一个整体分成若干个部分分” 常与常与 into, among, between 搭配搭配 divide into 把把分成分成 divide sth. among sb.在在分配分配 divide A from B使分离使分离; ; 使分开使分开 divide by用用除以除以划分；把整体分成若干部分，划分；把整体分成若干部分，破坏了宾语的完整性。破坏了宾语的完整性。分隔；分隔； 把原来连在一起或靠近把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来的分隔开来, , 没有破坏宾语的没有破坏宾语的完整性，完整性， 只是将宾语分开。只是将宾语分开。divideseparate辨析辨析: divide, separateThe world is divided into five continents.Lets divide the cake into three.He separated the big eggs from the small ones.The grinding machine (碾谷机碾谷机) separates the grain from the husk(糠糠).1. The apple was _ into two.2. We _the money equally.3. Oxygen can be _ from water.4. The Taiwan Strait _ Taiwan from Fujian.考考你考考你divideddividedseparatedseparates3. Puzzle n. 意为难题、谜、测验能力的问题意为难题、谜、测验能力的问题（或玩具），可喻为复杂难懂的（或玩具），可喻为复杂难懂的事物。用作单数时，作迷惑、困惑事物。用作单数时，作迷惑、困惑 解释。解释。 He is in a puzzle about the matter. This is really puzzle to me.v. 意为：使意为：使迷惑；使迷惑；使为难，常为难，常用于被动结构或用其过去分词作表语、用于被动结构或用其过去分词作表语、定语、状语。定语、状语。 这封信使我迷惑不解。这封信使我迷惑不解。 This letter puzzles me. He stood there watching with puzzled despair. She listened with a puzzled expression on her face.我不知道下一步该怎么办我不知道下一步该怎么办( (如何回答如何回答) )。他的脸上露出迷惑不解的表情。他的脸上露出迷惑不解的表情。I am puzzled what to do next (how to answer).There was a puzzle expression on his face.Puzzled by his problem, I didnt know how to answer.他的问题把我难住了，我不知怎样回答。他的问题把我难住了，我不知怎样回答。4. People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Island. 对于用不同的语对于用不同的语言来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和言来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家，人们或许会感北爱尔兰这四个国家，人们或许会感到奇怪。到奇怪。wonder n. 惊奇；惊叹惊奇；惊叹 to look at sth. in wonder 惊奇地看着某物惊奇地看着某物 They were filled with wonder when they saw the spaceship. 当他们看到宇宙飞船时，他们非常惊奇。当他们看到宇宙飞船时，他们非常惊奇。奇观；壮举；奇才奇观；壮举；奇才 the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇观世界七大奇观 Hes a wonder. 他是个奇才。他是个奇才。 Its a wonder 难得；奇怪的是难得；奇怪的是 Its a wonder you recognized me. 难得你还认得我。难得你还认得我。 (Its) no wonder 难怪；并不奇怪；当然难怪；并不奇怪；当然 No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day. 难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。 wonder vi., vt. （常与（常与at, that连用）觉连用）觉得奇怪；惊奇得奇怪；惊奇 I wonder, in England, each man speaks a different language. 我感到十分惊奇我感到十分惊奇, ,在英国每个人都说着在英国每个人都说着一种语言。一种语言。 I wonder at his rudeness. 我对他的粗鲁感到奇怪。我对他的粗鲁感到奇怪。 纳闷；想知道纳闷；想知道 He wondered why people built ugly homes, when they could have beautiful ones. 他很奇怪为什么人们本可以造出漂亮的他很奇怪为什么人们本可以造出漂亮的房屋房屋, ,而偏偏建造出丑陋的房子来。而偏偏建造出丑陋的房子来。 wondering how to do it 想知道怎么做这个想知道怎么做这个 Ted wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday. 特德不知道为什么警察局要他去，但昨特德不知道为什么警察局要他去，但昨天他去了。天他去了。 I wonder why James is always late for school. 我想知道为什么詹姆斯上学总是迟到。我想知道为什么詹姆斯上学总是迟到。 5. You can easily clarify any problems if you study British history. 如果你学习了英国历史如果你学习了英国历史, ,很容易就能很容易就能弄清楚任何问题。弄清楚任何问题。clarify vt. 澄清澄清,讲清楚讲清楚;阐明阐明 vi. 澄清澄清, ,清楚清楚, ,明了明了; ;易懂事易懂事Could you clarify the question？ 你能解释这个问题吗你能解释这个问题吗？His mind suddenly clarified. 他的头脑突然清醒了他的头脑突然清醒了. .拓展拓展: clarification n.6. However, the Southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. 然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意，分离出然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意，分离出去建立了自己的政府。去建立了自己的政府。break v. (broke, broken) 习惯搭配习惯搭配: :break away 挣脱挣脱, , 逃脱；脱离逃脱；脱离, , 背叛背叛break down 抛锚抛锚, , 出故障出故障, ,身体跨了身体跨了break into 闯入闯入, , 突然发出突然发出break out ( (战争、瘟疫、火灾战争、瘟疫、火灾) ) 爆发爆发break off 中断中断break the rules 违反规则违反规则break the records打破记录打破记录7. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas ( eg, the currency and international relations), but they are still different. 尽管这四个国家在某些方面尽管这四个国家在某些方面 ( (如货币如货币和国际关系方面和国际关系方面) ) 是合作的是合作的, , 但它们但它们还是不同的。还是不同的。n ncredit 既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，其常见意思是赊购（制度）；称赞；其常见意思是赊购（制度）；称赞；学分。也可作动词，表示相信；把学分。也可作动词，表示相信；把归功于。归功于。n nto ones credit 值得赞扬；为某人增光值得赞扬；为某人增光 To their credit, they always get along well with one another.work together是一个习惯用语是一个习惯用语, , 不能按字面意思直译。不能按字面意思直译。work 在此在此处的被译为处的被译为“起反应起反应, , 起作用起作用”由动词由动词workwork构成的词组：构成的词组：work well 做得好做得好work sth. in/into sth. 设法把设法把.加进加进work at something 从事从事work out 算出算出work ones will on /upon somebody 将某人的意志强加给别人将某人的意志强加给别人relationn.1) relation (between sth. and sth) 关系，关系，联系。如：联系。如：降雨量与作物产量之间的关系降雨量与作物产量之间的关系the relation between rainfall and crop production此项目的费用与其成果不相称此项目的费用与其成果不相称。 The cost of this project has no relation to the results.(2) 亲戚，亲属。如：亲戚，亲属。如：他是我的一个近亲。他是我的一个近亲。 He is a close relation of mine.你们彼此之间是什么亲属关系？你们彼此之间是什么亲属关系？ What relation are you to each other?8. England is the largest of the four countries and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. 在这四个国家中在这四个国家中, ,英格英格兰最大兰最大, ,为了方便起见为了方便起见, , 它大致被分为了三它大致被分为了三个地区。个地区。convenience n. 方便方便, , 便利便利 I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. 为了图方便为了图方便, , 我把参考书放在书桌前。我把参考书放在书桌前。习惯搭配习惯搭配 at ones convenience 在方便的时候在方便的时候 for (the sake of) convenience 为了方便起见为了方便起见 make a convenience of sb. ( (乘机乘机) )利用某人利用某人 拓展拓展convenient adj. 适合需要的适合需要的, ,方便的方便的a convenient place/ timeIt is an inconvenient time to come.I cant see him now; its not convenient.Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?9. attract 吸引，引诱吸引，引诱attract sb. 吸引某人吸引某人attract sb. to sth. 把某人吸引到把某人吸引到The concert attracted a great number of people. 音乐会吸引了很多人。音乐会吸引了很多人。What do you think attracts people to big cities? 你认为是什么吸引人们到大城你认为是什么吸引人们到大城市来的？市来的？attraction n. 1) 吸引，引力吸引，引力; ; 2) 吸引人的东西吸引人的东西; ; 喜闻乐见的东西喜闻乐见的东西; ; 精彩节目精彩节目 attractive adj. 有吸引力，诱人的有吸引力，诱人的 attraction of gravity 重力重力 He cant resist the attraction of the sea on hot day. 酷热酷热的夏天他经不住海的诱惑。的夏天他经不住海的诱惑。A big city offers many and varied attractions. 大城市有多种多样吸引人的东西。大城市有多种多样吸引人的东西。What are the principle attractions this evening? 今天晚上的拿手节目是什么？今天晚上的拿手节目是什么？10. If you look around the British countryside, you will find evidence of all these invaders. 如果你的在英国四处走走的话如果你的在英国四处走走的话, ,就会就会发现这些入侵者的痕迹。发现这些入侵者的痕迹。invader n. 入侵者入侵者; ; 侵略者侵略者invade vt. 侵入侵入; ; 侵略侵略; ; 拥入拥入Hitler invaded Poland in 1939. 希特勒希特勒19391939年入侵波兰。年入侵波兰。Doubts invade my mind.满腹狐疑。满腹狐疑。Disease invade the body.疾病侵袭身体。疾病侵袭身体。Holiday makers invade the seaside towns in summer.在夏季在夏季, , 度假者大批涌入海滨城市。度假者大批涌入海滨城市。11. leave out 省去省去 遗漏遗漏 不考虑不考虑You have left out the most important word in this sentence你在这一句里漏掉了最重要的一个词。你在这一句里漏掉了最重要的一个词。We left out the possibility of his coming. 我们没有考虑到他会来。我们没有考虑到他会来。nleave alone 不打扰不打扰 让独自呆着让独自呆着nleave behind 留下，忘带留下，忘带nleave for 去（某地）去（某地）12. influence 1. v 对对产生影响产生影响 What influence you to choose a career in teaching? 2. 可数可数n 产生影响的人或事产生影响的人或事 He is one of the good influences in the school. 3. 不可数不可数n 影响影响 A teacher has great influence over his pupils. My teachers influence made me study science at college. 由于我老由于我老师的影响，我上大学学了理科。师的影响，我上大学学了理科。短语短语 have influence with / on 对对.有影响有影响 under the influence of在在影响下影响下My teacher influenced my decision to study art.The weather influences crops.My teachers influence made me study science at college.He is a man of influence in the city.affect influenceaffect一般指生理一般指生理/ /物质上的改变物质上的改变influence多用于指感觉多用于指感觉/ /态度上的改变态度上的改变 1. Drinking can affect your ability to drive.2. The TV advertisements have influenced my attitude towards drinking and driving. 13. take the place of = replace 代替代替 =take sbs place 代替某人代替某人Computers have taken the place of typewriters in most offices.在大多数的办公室里，电脑已经取代在大多数的办公室里，电脑已经取代了打字机。了打字机。take place 发生，举行发生，举行in place of =instead of代替代替14. Worried about the time available, 过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语 = Because she was worried about the time available,Lost in the forest, the little girl burst into tears.Interested in stamps, he forms the habit of collecting stamps.Born in a poor family, he is cautious about spending money.15. delightn great pleasure 快乐；高兴；喜悦快乐；高兴；喜悦vt to give great pleasure or enjoyment 使高兴，使欣喜使高兴，使欣喜 delighted adj 高兴的高兴的 delightful adj 令人高兴的令人高兴的。n nto ones delight 使人高兴的是使人高兴的是n nwith delight 高兴地高兴地n ntake delight in以以为乐为乐 n ndelight sb. with sth. 用某物使某人高兴用某物使某人高兴n nbe delighted with 对对. .感到高兴，满意感到高兴，满意n nbe delighted at 因因感到高兴感到高兴 n nbe delight to do sth 很高兴做某事很高兴做某事n nbe delighted that 乐意乐意. . To the teachers delight, all his students passed the examinations. 老师极为高老师极为高兴的是他的学生全部考试及格兴的是他的学生全部考试及格。 She was delighted with the award. 她因得奖而喜气洋洋。她因得奖而喜气洋洋。 She looked at me with delight. 她喜悦的看着我。她喜悦的看着我。Homework Memorize the new words in the reading and get ready to have the dictation.