高三英语总复习语法专项训练高三英语总复习语法专项训练名词性从句名词性从句一一:主语从句主语从句(观察与思考观察与思考)1.Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。2.Whetherhellcomehereisntclear.3.Whatshedidisnotyetknown.4.Whoevercomesiswelcome.5.Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.6.Whereveryouareismyhomemyonlyhome.7.Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.8.Itsnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.9.ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madeearthsatelliteintoorbit.10.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.11.Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting.12.Isittruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek？13.Howstrangeitisthatthechildrenaresoquiet！归纳与总结归纳与总结:A.构成：构成：_B.引导主语从句的关联词有三类：引导主语从句的关联词有三类：（1）从属连词）从属连词_（2）连接代词）连接代词_(4)连接副词连接副词_C.注意下列句型注意下列句型:1.主语从句能用主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：作形式主语的句型有：A.It+be+形容词形容词(_)+that从句。从句。B.It+be+名词词组（名词词组（_）+that从句。从句。C.It+be+过去分词（过去分词（_）+that从句。从句。D.It+_等不及物动词及短语等不及物动词及短语+that从句。从句。E.It+doesntmatter（makesnodifference，etc.）+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。F.当当that引导引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以_作形式主语，作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。而把主语从句后置。G.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以_作作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。形式主语，而把主语从句后置。2）表语从句）表语从句1.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.2.Helookedjustasifhehadlookedtenyearsyounger.3.Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago，butitsasifitwasonlyyesterday.4.Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.5.Thequestionishowhedidit.6.Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic阁楼阁楼.7.Ithinkitisbecauseyouaredoingtoomuch.8.Mysuggestionisthatwe（should）startearlytomorrow.归纳与总结归纳与总结:A.构成：构成：_B.引导表语从句的关联词的种类：引导表语从句的关联词的种类：（1）从属连词）从属连词_（2）连接代词）连接代词_(3)连接副词连接副词_C.注意特殊情况注意特殊情况:1.连词连词_可引导表语从句。可引导表语从句。2.在一些表示在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令建议、劝说、命令”的名词的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用_。_+动词原形表示，动词原形表示，_可省略。可省略。3）宾语从句）宾语从句1.Iknowhehasreturned.2.Idoubtwhether/ifhewillsucceed.3.Whoorwhathewas，Martinneverlearned.4.Iwonderwhatheswritingtomeabout.5.IlltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.6.Hewasdeeplydispleasedbywhathadoccurredthatday.Iwalkedovertowhereshesat.7.WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday.8.Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheiscareless.YoumayrelyonitthatIshallhelpyou.9.ImafraidyoudontunderstandwhatIsaid.10.Idontbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.归纳与总结归纳与总结:注意下列情况注意下列情况:(1)宾语从句也可用作宾语从句也可用作_的宾语。的宾语。(6)(2)如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用_作作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置.(7)(3)连词连词_引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在只用在except，but，in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词如果由连词_引导，则需用引导，则需用_先行一步，先行一步，作形式宾语。作形式宾语。(8)(4)某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有形容词或过去分词有sure，glad，certain，pleased，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied等，连词等，连词that可省略。可省略。(5)宾语从句的宾语从句的_转移。在转移。在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将主句的谓语动词是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将主句的谓语动词变为变为_形式。形式。观察与思考观察与思考:EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened.Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.ThatheeversaidsuchathingIsimplydontbelieve.Wedecided，inviewofhisspecialcircumstances，thatwewouldadmithimforaprobationaryperiod.归纳与总结归纳与总结:that在引导宾语从句时可以省略。在以下在引导宾语从句时可以省略。在以下情况下，情况下，that不能省略。不能省略。1).and连接两个宾语从句，连接两个宾语从句，_宾语从句放在宾语从句放在and的后面时，的后面时，that不能省略不能省略.2).that引导的宾语从句作引导的宾语从句作_宾语时，宾语时，that不能省略。不能省略。3).that从句位于从句位于_时，时，that不可省略。不可省略。4).主句谓语动词与主句谓语动词与that从句之间有从句之间有_，that不可省略。不可省略。3.连词连词whether（ornot）或）或if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句if和和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但但whether常和常和ornot连用。连用。Iwonderwhetheritistrueornot.我不知它是真是假。我不知它是真是假。用用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用而用whether.试比较：试比较：Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我请告诉我你是否想去你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。4.宾语从句的时态变化规律：宾语从句的时态变化规律：（1）当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据）当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。需要用任何时态。（2）当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用）当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如：过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如：Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.老师说地球绕着太阳运行。老师说地球绕着太阳运行。4）同位语从句）同位语从句1.Theywereallverymuchworriedoverthefactthatyouweresick.2.EarlyinthedaycamethenewsthatGermanyhaddeclaredwaronRussia.3.Ihavenoideawhetherhellcomeornot.4.Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.5.Itisaquestionhowhedidit.6.Thisisouronlyrequestthatthis（should）besettledassoonaspossible.归纳与总结归纳与总结:A.同位语从句的先行词多为同位语从句的先行词多为_等等.B.注意下列情况注意下列情况:(1).一些表示一些表示“建议、命令、要求建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用同位语从句中，谓语动词用_should+动词动词原形表示。原形表示。should可省。可省。(6)(2).that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别a.句法功能上句法功能上that只起只起_从句的作用，从句的作用，_意义。在从句意义。在从句中中_充当句子成分充当句子成分,_可省。可省。that替代替代_在从句中不仅起连接作用，在从句中不仅起连接作用，还还_一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时时_省略。省略。b.意义上意义上从句是被修饰名词的内容。从句是被修饰名词的内容。从句起限定作用，是定语从句起限定作用，是定语如：如：ThenewsthatMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.Thenews（that）hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?2.Idontknowwherehashegone.3.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwas.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsthereareinyourclass?Idontknowwherehehasgone.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatwasthematter.规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.5.Myideaisthatwemustdoourhomeworkfirst.6.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.Myideaisthatwe(should)doourhomeworkfirst.Hisproposalthatwe(should)gothereonfoot.规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.10.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris.Thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent.HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot. 规律三：规律三：4 4种情况只能用种情况只能用whether whether ： （1 1）位于句子开头；位于句子开头； （2 2）前面）前面有介词；有介词； （3 3）引导表语从句；）引导表语从句； （4 4）与）与or or notnot连用。连用。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.ititthatwhether规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助下可以借助 “ “it” it” 而后置。而后置。问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？名词从句与定语从句 的主要区别1.成分上的区别：2. 名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么3. 样的成分？1.Howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery.2.Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.3.Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask.4.Hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot.主语主语宾语宾语表语表语同位语同位语5.Ivisitedthecountrywhich/thathadbeenbombedbytheUS-ledNATO(美国为首的北约美国为首的北约)amonthbefore6.IshallneverforgettheyearswhenIlivedinthecountrysidewiththefarmers,whichhasagreateffectonmylife.7.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30pm.,bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.8.IhadneverseensuchagoodfilmasIwatchedlastnight.结论一：结论一： 名词从句充当句子的主要成分；名词从句充当句子的主要成分； 定语从句充当句子的修饰成分。定语从句充当句子的修饰成分。2.引导词含义上的区别：引导词含义上的区别：引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？1.Thathecamebackmadeusveryhappy.2.Imsorry(that)Ivemadeamistake.3.Thefactisthathisbarkisworsethanhisbite.4.Wordcamethathewouldcometoseeusall.5.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatimportancetoscience.6.KennedyandJohnson,bothofwhomweremurderedintheirterms,onceco-workedaspresidentandvice-president7.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizesthathavenotbeenofferedtoanyChineseactororactressbyfar8.TheOscaristheonlyoneofthefilmprizesthathasnotbeenofferedtoanyChineseactororactressbyfar 9.Thedaysaregoneforeverwhenweusedforeignoil.10.Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.11.Thisisthevillagewheremyfatheroncelivedforseveralyears.12.1980,whenChinesegovernmentbeganitsreform,isanimportantyearforChina.结论二：结论二：定语从句的引导词在语义上定语从句的引导词在语义上具有指代先行词的作用。具有指代先行词的作用。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。3.关于关于that:that在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？1.Hepretended(that)hedidntseeme.2.Thatshelosthernecklaceonthewayhome3.madehersoworried.3.Itisnecessarythatweshouldlearnasecond4.language.4.ItissaidthatheworkshardatEnglish.问题：问题：that作何成分？作何成分？5.Theschoolthatmysisterstudiesatisfarfrom6.here.6.Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskfor7.freedom.7.Itwassaidthatthatwasallthathesaid.8.Isthisthehousethatyouhaveboughtyourself?(which)(which)问题：问题：that作何成分？作何成分？结论三：结论三：名词从句中的名词从句中的 that that 只起引导词的作用，只起引导词的作用，无任何意义。无任何意义。定语从句中的定语从句中的that that 在从句中充当主语或宾语，在从句中充当主语或宾语，有时可以与有时可以与 which which 互换。互换。4.引导词的不同：引导词的不同：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：as,且且when,where等不能与等不能与in/on/atwhich互换。互换。whether,if,what,how,whateverwhichever,whoever,whomeverwhatever5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.-Hehasdone_hecantohelpme.2.WhatIwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.3.-_Iwanttosayhasnothingtodo4.withit.allthatAllthat 3.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished._breaksthelawistobepunished.4.Hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsifmost.Hewillgivethedictionaryto_needsitmost.5.Wellrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp.Wellremember_weturnedtoforhelp.6.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo_hewantsthemtodo.7.Illreadwhicheverbookyougiveme.Illread_ofthebooks_yougiveme.AnyonewhoanyonewhoAnyone(whom)anythingthatanythat6、其余问题：、其余问题：1.误：误：Idontknowifhecomesbackthismonth.2.误：误：IhavenoideawhathadhappenedwhenIwasaway.正：正：Idontknowifhewillcomebackthismonth.正：正：IhavenoideawhathappenedwhenIwasaway.3.误：误：Thereasonisbecauseheisill.4.误：误：Wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight.正：正：Thereasonisthatheisill.正：正：Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight.名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦1.Iaskher_comewithme.A.ifshewill B.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether3.Canyoutellme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidntknowwhichroom_.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein5.Togetthejobstarted,_Ineedissomemoney.A.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.itsD.that7.Canyoutellme_therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto8.Doyouknow_?A.whatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis9._youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This10.Theyhavenoideaatall_.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegone D.wherehashegone11.Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey12.Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatourvillagelookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike13.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput14.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikeD.whatlookmanlike15._the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.Whether D.That16.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere17.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for18._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter19.Doyouremember_hecame?Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if20._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what21._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where22.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever23.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where24.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whatever B.thatC.whichD.whichever25._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether26.You cant imagine _ when they received these niceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited27._causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where28.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._Igotwetthrough.A.ItsthereasonB.ThatswhyC.ThereswhyD.Itshow29.Itwasamatterof_wouldtaketheposition.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever30._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever31.Itwas_hesaid_disappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what32.Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _comesinlate.A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoeverGood-bye!Good-bye!