语法语法名词名词不可数名词一般只以单数形式出现，不可数名词一般只以单数形式出现，没有复数形式，且名词前不能加没有复数形式，且名词前不能加a或或 an不可数名词的数量要通过量词来表示不可数名词的数量要通过量词来表示;如如a piece of bread;Two glasses of water可用可用much, a little, a lot of, lots of, a bit of, some等等表示多少表示多少;如如Some food, a little money, a lot of work常见的不可数名词有： 吃喝类吃喝类：water, air, oil, milk, cheese, cake, bread,sugar, salt 其他其他：snow,rain,soil,paper, information真题训练：真题训练： 报纸报纸 考点二考点二专有名词专有名词 表示个别的人、事物、地点表示个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称。专有名词等专有的名称。专有名词第一个第一个字母要大写字母要大写 * Lucy * China * the Summer Palace可数名词-复数变化规则的kitepetdogroom变化变化1 1kitespetsdogsrooms通常在名词后直接加s读音规则： 清辅音后s读【s】 浊辅音后s读【z】变化变化2 2classfoxwatchbushheroclassesfoxeswatchesbushesheroes变化规则：以变化规则：以s, x, s, x, shsh, , chch及部分及部分o o结尾的名词结尾的名词复数后加复数后加es读音规则：读音规则：【s s】【】【z z】【】【】【】【tt】【】【d d】后读作后读作【iziz】;o;o后读后读【s s】变化变化3 3lifeleaflivesleaves变化规则：部分以变化规则：部分以f/fef/fe结结尾的名词复数变尾的名词复数变f/fef/fe为为v v加加es变化变化4 4f/fef/fe名词变复数歌诀：名词变复数歌诀：妻子持刀去宰狼妻子持刀去宰狼wife,knife,wolfwife,knife,wolf小偷吓得发了慌小偷吓得发了慌thiefthief躲在架后保己命躲在架后保己命shelf,self,lifeshelf,self,life半片树叶遮目光半片树叶遮目光half,leafhalf,leafflyspyfliesspies变化规则：以辅音变化规则：以辅音+y+y结尾结尾的名词复数变的名词复数变y y为为i i加加es读作读作【iziz】5 5附附以以o o结尾名词变复数歌诀：结尾名词变复数歌诀：- -eseseses：黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆西红柿；黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆西红柿；黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆西红柿；黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆西红柿；Negro, hero, potato, tomatoNegro, hero, potato, tomatoNegro, hero, potato, tomatoNegro, hero, potato, tomato-s:-s:工作间里有架钢琴，钢琴上有台收音机，工作间里有架钢琴，钢琴上有台收音机，工作间里有架钢琴，钢琴上有台收音机，工作间里有架钢琴，钢琴上有台收音机，收音机旁有张照片，照片上有一个动物园，动收音机旁有张照片，照片上有一个动物园，动收音机旁有张照片，照片上有一个动物园，动收音机旁有张照片，照片上有一个动物园，动物园里到处都是竹子。物园里到处都是竹子。物园里到处都是竹子。物园里到处都是竹子。studio,piano,radio,photo,zoo,bamboostudio,piano,radio,photo,zoo,bamboostudio,piano,radio,photo,zoo,bamboostudio,piano,radio,photo,zoo,bamboo可数名词-复数变化不规则的变化变化1 1manwomangentlemanEnglishmanbusinessmanpolicemanmenwomengentlemenEnglishmenbusinessmenpolicemen1 1类：类：a ae2 2类：类：ooooee3 3类：类：ouseouseice4 4类：词尾加类：词尾加(r)en变化变化2 2foottoothgoosefeetteethgeese变化变化3 3mouselousemicelice变化变化4 4childoxchildrenoxen变化变化5 5sheepdeerworksseriesspeciesChineseaircraftsheepdeerworksseriesspeciesChineseaircraft5 5类：单复数同形类：单复数同形真题训练1.There are some _ (potato)in the basket.2.Look! There are a lot of _(leaf)on the ground.3.Two _ (policeman) are standing there.4.She has three _ (boy).5.There are a few _ (people)in the room.6.I want three _ (cup)of _ (milk).7.There are two _ (baby)in the picture.8.These_(watch)and _(clock)are made in China.9.I want to write a letter. I have a pen, but I need some _(paper).10.There are three _ (country)in North America:Canada,the United States and Mexico.potatoespotatoesleavesleavespolicemenpolicemenboysboyspeoplepeoplecupscupsmilkmilkbabiesbabieswatcheswatchesclocksclockspaperpapercountriescountries用名词的正确形式填空用名词的正确形式填空用名词的正确形式填空用名词的正确形式填空1 He cut the apple into _ (half).1 He cut the apple into _ (half).2 The _ (potato) are mine.2 The _ (potato) are mine.3 How many _ (family) are there in this town?3 How many _ (family) are there in this town?4 There are ten _ (deer) on the farm.4 There are ten _ (deer) on the farm.5 These _ (German) are _ 5 These _ (German) are _ (businessman). (businessman).6 Last week we went to the _ (child) Park.6 Last week we went to the _ (child) Park.halveshalvespotatoespotatoesfamiliesfamiliesdeerdeerGermansGermansbusinessmenbusinessmenChildrensChildrens名词的所有格形式-sA of B B的A双重所有格boystudentsJameseach otherTom and JackboysstudentsJames/Jamesseach others boxTom and Jacks roomToms and Jacks roomToms room and Jacks1. 一般名词后加-s2. 以s结尾的复数名词后加-3.以s结尾的单数名词后加-或-s4. 复合名词短语仅在最后一个名词后加-s：each other汤姆和杰克共有的房间汤姆和杰克各自的房间表人/其他有生命的名词的所有格附5. 表店铺、医院、住宅及公共建筑时，名词所有格后常不出现它所修饰的名词如at the barbers (shop)中国的首都猫的脸汤姆的建议the capital of Chinathe face of the catthe advice of Tom多用于无生命的名词的所有格A work of Lu XunsThat car of my uncles特定人所拥有的多个人或物的一个或多个特殊情感：名词与指示代词连用，用赞赏、厌恶等情绪表人/其他有生命的名词的所有格of+名词s用所有格填空用所有格填空用所有格填空用所有格填空1.The shop sells _ books.(children)2.Mary is a _name.(girl)3. Dick is living at his _ house.(uncle)4._ lives are busy.(students)5.Do you know my _ wives?(brothers)6. _exercises are better than _ (Alice, James)7. I forgot to listen to _ weather report.(today)8.Mary is ill. She has gone to the _.(doctor)9.Its three_ ride from my school to the park.(minutes)10.My grandmother is _ mother.(my father or my mother)childrenschildrensgirlsgirlsunclesunclesStudentsStudentsbrothersbrothersAlicesAlicesJamesJamestodaystodaysdoctorsdoctorsminutesminutesmy fathers or my my fathers or my mothersmothers( )1 I found _ good news in _ newspaper.( )1 I found _ good news in _ newspaper. A. a, a B.a piece of , a piece of A. a, a B.a piece of , a piece of C.a, a piece of D. a piece of , a C.a, a piece of D. a piece of , a( )2 What _ it is today!( )2 What _ it is today! A. a fine weather B. fine weather A. a fine weather B. fine weather C. fine a weather D. the fine weather C. fine a weather D. the fine weather( )3 To their _ , they have all passed the exam.( )3 To their _ , they have all passed the exam. A. surprise B. surprising A. surprise B. surprising C. surprises D. surprised C. surprises D. surprised D DB BA A( )4 Lucy is _ sister.( )4 Lucy is _ sister. A. Mary and Jack B. Marys and Jacks A. Mary and Jack B. Marys and Jacks C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jacks C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jacks( )5 Please make _ for him. He is very tired.( )5 Please make _ for him. He is very tired. A. any room B. any room A. any room B. any room C. some rooms D. some room C. some rooms D. some room( )6 The model plane was made by a _ boy.( )6 The model plane was made by a _ boy. A. ten-years-old B. ten-year-older A. ten-years-old B. ten-year-older C. ten-year-old D. ten-year old C. ten-year-old D. ten-year oldD DD DC C( ) 7 He went to the _ to buy a pair of shoes.( ) 7 He went to the _ to buy a pair of shoes. A shoes store B shoe store A shoes store B shoe store C shoes store D shoes store C shoes store D shoes store ( ) 8 I will give you _ to finish it. ( ) 8 I will give you _ to finish it. A two weeks time B two weeks time A two weeks time B two weeks time C two week time D two weeks time C two week time D two weeks time( ) 9 The two bedroom are the _.( ) 9 The two bedroom are the _. A twins B twins C twins D twins A twins B twins C twins D twins B BB BC C1.- Is it the best one of _ in your family? - Yes, it is.A.Photoes B. photos C. photo D. photos2.-When did these _ come to visit our village? - Last October.A.Americans B. American C. Americen D. Americas3.- What did Jack do yesterday? - He went to a _ to buy a pair of new _.A.shoes shop ; shoe B. shoe shop ; shoeC.shoes shop; shoes D. shoe shop; shoesAAD4.-As soon as I saw him, I knew the news _ good.Are B. were C. was D. is5.Football was once _game, but now many girls are playing it.A. boy B. boys C. a boys D. a boysCD1.tooth2.German3.photo4.wife5.box6.zoo7.story8.potato9.shelf10.keyGroup 3Group 31.teeth2.Germen3.photos4.wives5.boxes6.zoos7.stories8.potatoes9.shelves10.keys11.sandwich12.grass13.century14.sheep15.tomato16.party17.policeman8.wish9.ox10.knife1.sandwiches2.grasses3.centuries4.sheep5.tomatoes6.parties7.policemen8.wishes9.oxen10.knivesGroup 4Group 4翻译：1.世界地图2.法国的首都3.一个月的薪水4.世界人口5.成千上万棵树6.3/4的世界书刊、报纸7.我哥哥的一个朋友8.黎明的一张照片9.这个女孩的父母10.理发店Translation：1.a map of the world2.the capital of France3.a months salary4.the population of the world5.thousands of trees6. three quarters of the worlds books and newspapers7.a friend of my brothers8.a picture of Li Mings9.this girls parents10.the barbers (shop)名词的复数形式名词的复数形式 Group 2Group 21.I have a lot of _ (money)in my pocket.2.There are a lot of _ (tree)and _ (child)in the park.3.Bob is studying. He has a lot of _(homework)to do.4.I like to go to the zoo. I like to watch elephants, tigers and _(monkey).5.People wear shoes on their _(foot).6.Liona has four bags. She cant carry all of them. She needs some _(help).7.The _ (woman)teachers are more in our school than in theirs.8.In some countries, people dont use cups for their tea. Instead, they use _ (glass).9.My notebook has 150 _(piece)of paper.10.My dictionary has 437 _(page).moneymoneytreestreeschildrenchildrenhomeworkhomeworkmonkeysmonkeysfeetfeethelphelpwomenwomenglassesglassespiecespiecespagespages( ) 10 This is an old photo of mine when I _.( ) 10 This is an old photo of mine when I _. A have short hairs B had short hairs A have short hairs B had short hairs C have short hair D had short hair C have short hair D had short hair( ) 11 I think the country is much more beautiful than ( ) 11 I think the country is much more beautiful than any other _ in the world.any other _ in the world. A country B countries A country B countries C the country D the countries C the country D the countries( ) 12 Johns uncle has many friends. Mr. Shute is a ( ) 12 Johns uncle has many friends. Mr. Shute is a friend of _.friend of _. A Johns uncle B John uncles A Johns uncle B John uncles C Johns uncles D John uncle C Johns uncles D John uncleD DA AC C