Chapter SixteenPractical Writings (13) Contracts Translation(1)1合合同同是是为为了了搞搞好好协协作作而而拟拟订订的的一一种种凭凭证证，涉涉及及当当事事人人经经济济、技技术术、法法律律等等问问题题，因因此此在在语语言言上上形形成成了了正正式式严严格格，详详尽尽准准确确、迂腐腐旧迂腐腐旧、复杂艰深复杂艰深的特点的特点 2合同一、合同的文体特点二、合同的种类三、合同中的常用语 四、翻译合同的步骤及注意事项3合同的文体特点 1、内容上的针对性 2、格式上的规范性 3、句式结构的复杂性 4、指称上的单位性 5、表达上的条理性 6、措词上的法律性4合同的格式结构1. Preamble（前言）写明当事人的名称及缔约目的和原则等内容2. Main Clauses（正文/主要条款）明确规定当事人的具体权利和义务、违约赔偿、争议解决、适用法律等条款3. Concluding Clauses（最后条款）包括合同的法定地址、效力范围、有效条件、双方代表签字等 5Employment Contract AmwayCompany,theemployer,herebyemploysRichardJohnson,theemployee,toperformdutiesasstatedbelow,considerationforwhichtheemployerwillpaytheemployeeattherateofUS$2,000permonth,andinaddition,compensatehimforanyotherexpensesincurredbyhimwhenheiscarryingouthisduties.Inkeepingwiththeabove-mentionedremuneration,theemployeeshallagreetocarryoutthefollowingduties:tonegotiatewithChineseauthoritiesaboutthecooperationbetweenAmwayCompanyLimitedandChina;toarrangeforthevisitsofJimmyFord,president,andotherexecutivestoChina;toactasauthorizedrepresentativeinanyaspectrelatingtothecooperationwithChinaandtorespondtoanyinquiriesfromChineseparties.Inthisemployment,theemployeeshallacthonestly,laboriouslyandtothebestofhisability.ThiscontractshalltakeeffectonJanuary1st,2003.Ifonepartywantstoterminatethecontract,awrittennoticeonemonthbeforehandshallbegiventoanotherparty.EmployerEmployeeAmwayCompanyLimitedRichardJohnson AmwayCompanyLimitedRichardJohnsonPreambleMainClausesConcludingClause6合同句式结构的复杂性Technical Documentation means the technical literatures, drawings, pictures, tapes, etc, that Party B possesses and has applied or developed for its own production as well as in its current manufacture during the validity term of the contract for designing, calculating, manufacturing, quality control, assembling installations, maintaining and testing of the Contract Products (hereinafter referred to as Documentation)For example:技术文件指的是乙方所持有的并在生产中加以应用和开发的技术文献、图纸、照片、磁带等，在合同有效期内仍在当前的制作过程中，用于对合同的产品进行设计、计算、制造、质量控制、安装、维护、测试等（以下称文件）7指称上的单位性Both Party A and Party B agree that a technology transfer agreement shall be signed between the joint venture company and Party X (or a third party)For example:甲、乙双方同意，由合营公司与X方（或第三方）签订技术转让协议这类间接指称还有这类间接指称还有the Sellerthe Seller（卖方）、（卖方）、the Buyer(the Buyer(买方买方) )、the Recipient Partythe Recipient Party（受主）、（受主）、the Supplyingthe Supplying（供方）、（供方）、the Transferorthe Transferor（转让方）、（转让方）、the Transfereethe Transferee（受让方）等（受让方）等。8合同的种类一、商品进出口合同1.售货合同2.购货合同二、其他类型国际贸易合同1.寄售合同2.代理合同3.易货合同4.来料加工装配合同5.补偿贸易合同6.合作经营合同SalesContractPurchaseContractConsignmentContractAgencyContractBarterContractProcessing&AssemblingContractCompensationTradeContractCooperativeVentureContract9三、国际技术、劳务合同1.劳务合同2.派遣专家合同3.设计合同4.项目安装合同5.工程承包合同6.许可证合同7.空运货物转运合同合同的种类ServiceContractContractforSendingExpertsDesignContractInstallationContractConstructionManagementContractLicenseContractAirFreightForwarderAgreement10常用语1.break/keepacontract2.signacontract3.terminateacontract4.drawup/draftacontract5.fulfillacontract6.cancelacontract7.haveenteredintothiscontract8.Bothpartieshaveagreedto9.TheSellershallnotberesponsiblefor10.Thecontractissigned/madebyandbetweentheBuyersandtheSellers.11.PartyAshallpayPartyB12.Thecaseshallbesubmittedforarbitrationif撕毁/遵守合同签署合同终止合同草拟合同执行合同撤销合同已签定本合同双方已同意卖方不负责本合同由买卖双方签订。甲方付给乙方如果 应通过仲裁解决。1113.Thearbitrationfeeshallbebornebythelosingparty.14.management/employmentcontract15.amend/break/cancel/carryout/draft/executeacontract16.Afterfriendlynegotiations,bothsideshaveenteredintothiscontractwiththefollowingtermsandconditions.17.TheContractismade/signed/enteredintobyandbetween18.Bothsideswishtoenterintothiscontract.19.AlldisputesarisingoutofthiscontractshallbereferredtotheInternationalCourtofLaw.20. The representatives of Party A and Party B have agreed toconclude this Contract according to the terms and conditionsstipulatedbelow:常用语仲裁费应由败诉方承担。经营管理/雇佣合同修改/撕毁/撤销/履行/草拟/执行合同经友好协商，双方签订以下合同。本合同由签订双方都希望达成本合同。涉及本合同的一切争议将提交国际法庭裁决。甲乙双方代表同意订立本合同，其条款如下：12翻译合同的步骤 首先，要通读全文，以求全面理解，掌握内涵。通读全文的目的在于从宏观上了解契约的总体概貌和篇章结构。 第二，细研章节。这是在通读全文的基础上进行的。由于契约的章节条款具有相对的独立性，可逐字、逐句、逐条、逐段、逐节、逐章地仔细研读，反复推敲，以求达到细致深入的理解。 第三，准确表达。在翻译过程中，关键是要求译文内容与原文内容保持等值，避免出现差错和误解。 最后，在准确表达的前提下，力求使译文的格式和文体符合合同的规范和要求。13订购合同订购合同本合同于2005年8月15日，以顺发水轮发电机厂为甲方，以日兴电厂为乙方。兹约定：甲方与乙方订立协议并同意：由甲方负责在第二年向乙方提供3台水电站用T236型水轮发电机，并按下列期限分期交货，到2月30日止如数交迄。乙方与甲方订立协议并同意，对上述水轮发电机每台支付63，000美元，货到即付。14订购合同订购合同订约的任何一方如未履约，根据合同规定并经双方同意，违约一方应向对方赔偿86，000美元为商定的损失赔偿费。甲方：顺发水轮发电机厂乙方：日兴电厂 亚历山大 布莱克（经理）江秀仪 （经理）15ORDER CONTRACTThisagreementismadeonthefifthdayofAugust2005betweenShunfaWaterTurbineGeneratorFactory,thefirstpartyandRixingPowerPlant,thesecondparty.Witness:16ORDER CONTRACTThefirstpartycontractsandagreeswiththesecondpartythathewillprovidethesecondpartyduringnextyearwith3T236waterturbinegeneratorsusedforpowerstation,onthefollowingspecificterm:theabovementioned3boilersbythethirtiethofFebruary.17ORDER CONTRACTAndthesecondpartycontractsandagreeswiththefirstpartythathewillpayfortheabove-mentionedwaterturbinegenerators$63,000foreachupondelivery.18ORDER CONTRACTIncaseoffailureofagreementbyeitheroftheparties,itisherebystipulatedandagreedthatthepartysofailingshallpaytotheother$86,000asfixedandsettleddamages.PartyA:ShunfaWaterTurbineGeneratorFactoryAlexander Black (manager)PartyB:RixingPowerPlantJiang Xiuyi (manager)19ORDER CONTRACTIncaseoffailureofagreementbyeitheroftheparties,itisherebystipulatedandagreedthatthepartysofailingshallpaytotheother$86,000asfixedandsettleddamages.PartyA:ShunfaWaterTurbineGeneratorFactoryAlexander Black (manager)PartyB:RixingPowerPlantJiang Xiuyi (manager)20ORDER CONTRACTIncaseoffailureofagreementbyeitheroftheparties,itisherebystipulatedandagreedthatthepartysofailingshallpaytotheother$86,000asfixedandsettleddamages.PartyA:ShunfaWaterTurbineGeneratorFactoryAlexander Black (manager)PartyB:RixingPowerPlantJiang Xiuyi (manager)21销售合同销售合同 合同编号：NO.201签订地点：中华人民共和国安徽合肥香山路26号签订日期：2005年6月25日买方：合肥电厂卖方：西雅图发电设备厂双方同意按下列条款由买方售出下列商品：22销售合同销售合同 （1）商品名称及包装：冲击水斗式水轮发电机组）商品名称及包装：冲击水斗式水轮发电机组,每每箱一组箱一组（2）数量：一组）数量：一组 (3)单价：单价：$2,000 （贰千美元整）（贰千美元整） (4)总值总值:$2,000 （贰千美元整）（贰千美元整）（装运数量允许有（装运数量允许有5%的增减）的增减）（5）装运期限：）装运期限：2005年年8月月10日前日前（6）装运口岸：西雅图）装运口岸：西雅图（7）目的口岸：合肥）目的口岸：合肥23销售合同销售合同 （8）保险；由卖方负责，按本合同总值110%投保。（9）付款：（略）（10）商品检验：（略）（11）装运唛头：（略）24销售合同销售合同 （12）仲裁：凡因执行本合约或有关本合约所发生的一切争执，双方应以友好方式协商解决；如果协商不能解决，应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会，根据该会的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方都有约束力。（13）附加条款（本合同其他条款如与本附加条款有抵触时，以本附加条款为准。）：（略）卖方：西雅图发电设备厂西雅图发电设备厂买方：合肥电厂合肥电厂25SALES CONTRACTContractNO:NO.201Signedat:26XiangshanRoad,Hefei,AnhuiP.R.C.Date:June25,2005TheBuyers：HefeiPowerPlantTheSellers：SeattlePowerGeneratingEquipmentWorksTheBuyersagreetobuyandtheSellersagreetosellthefollowinggoodsontermsandconditionsassetforthbelow：26SALES CONTRACT（1）NameofCommodityandPacking:PeltonTypeTurbine-GeneratorUnits,oneunitperbox（2）Quantity:oneunit（3）UnitPrice:$2,000(UnitedStatesdollarstwothousandonly)（4）TotalValue:$2,000(UnitedStatesdollarstwothousandonly)（ShipmentQuantity5%moreorlessallowed）27SALES CONTRACT（5）TimeofShipment：BeforeAugust10,2005（6）PortofLoading：Seattle(7)PortofDestination：Hefei（8）Insurance：TobecoveredbytheSellersfor110%oftheinvoicevalue.（9）TermsofPayment：（Omitted）（10）Inspection：(Omitted)（11）ShippingMarks：(Omitted)28SALES CONTRACT(12)Arbitration：AlldisputesarisinginconnectionwiththisSalesContractortheexecutionthereofshallbesettledbywayofamicablenegotiation.Incasenosettlementcanbereached,thecaseatissueshallthenbesubmittedforarbitrationtotheChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommissioninaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthesaidCommission.TheawardbythesaidCommissionshallbedeemedasfinalandbindinguponbothparties.29SALES CONTRACT（13）SupplementaryCondition(s)(ShouldthearticlesstipulatedinthisContractbeinconflictwiththefollowingsupplementarycondition(s)，thesupplementarycondition(s)shouldbetakenasvalidandbinding.)30聘约合同聘约合同医学院药理系（聘方）聘请博士（受聘方）为药理教师，双方本着友好合作的精神，同意签定并遵守下列条件：1、聘期为一年，自1988年9月1日起至1989年8月31日止。2、受聘方的工作任务，经双方确定如下：（1）担任药理教研室师资和进修生的培训工作；（2）从事药理学课程教学工作，指导学生和教师开展药理学术活动；（3）编写药理学教材和补充读物以及进行其他与药理学有关的工作。31聘约合同聘约合同（4）每周工作量为18-20课时。（5）受聘方每周工作5天，每天8小时。受聘方按照中国政府规定的节、假日放假，按照学校规定的寒暑假休假。3、聘方每月支付给受聘方工资人民币900元，并为受聘方提供各种福利待遇。4、受聘方入境、离境或过境时必须遵守中国政府有关外国人居住、工资福利及旅行的管理规定，并遵守聘方的工作制度。32聘约合同聘约合同5、聘方欢迎受聘方在工作中提出意见，并在条件允许时予以采纳。受聘方遵守聘方决定，积极工作，努力合作完成工作任务。6、双方均不得无故解除合同。聘方如果要求中途结束合同，除按照待遇条件承担受聘方的有关费用外，须给受聘方增发一个月的工资作为补偿金并于一个月以内安排受抽方及其家属回国。如果受聘方中途提出辞职，聘方自同意之日起即停发工资，受聘方不再享受各种待遇条件。受聘方及其家属回国的一切费用均由本人自理。33聘约合同聘约合同7、本合同自受聘方到职之日起生效，聘期届满，即自行失效。如一方要求延长聘期，必须在合同期满前向对方提出，经双方协商确认后，可另行签定新合同。8、本合同在执行中如有争议，由双方协商解决。9、本合同的中文版应与英文版完全一致，双方均具约束力。聘方受聘方34CONTRACT OF EMLPOYMENTThePharmacologyDepartmentofMedicalCollege(theengagingparty)hasengagedDr.(theengagedparty)asateacherofpharmacology.Thetwoparties,inthespiritoffriendshipandcooperation,haveagreedtosignandcomplywiththebelowstatedconditions:1.Thetermofserviceisoneyear,beginningSeptember1,1988throughAugust31,1989.2.Thedutiesoftheengagedpartyismutuallyagreedtobe:35CONTRACT OF EMLPOYMENTa.Trainingteachersofpharmacologyandstudentstakingrefreshercourses.b.Conductingpharmacologyclassesandadvisingstudentsandteachersonpharmacologicalactivities.c.Compilingpharmacologytextbooksandsupplementaryteachingmaterial,undertakingotherworkconnectedwiththepharmacology.d.Having18upto20teachingperiodsinaweek.e.Theengagedpartyworksfivedaysaweekandeighthoursaday.TheengagedpartywillhavelegalholidaysasprescribedbytheChineseGovernment.Thevacationisfixedbytheschoolcalendar.36CONTRACT OF EMLPOYMENT3.Theengagingpartyagreestopaytheengagedpartyamonthlysalaryofninehundredyuan(Chinesecurrency)andprovidehimwithvariousbenefits.4.TheengagedpartymustobservetheregulationsoftheChineseGovernmentconcerningresidence,wagesandbenefits,andtravelforforeignerswhenentering,leavingandpassingthroughthePRCterritories,andmustfollowtheworkschedulesoftheengagingparty.37CONTRACT OF EMLPOYMENT5.Theengagingpartywillwelcomeanysuggestionputforwardbytheengagedpartyandwillrenderfavorableconsiderationwhencircumstancespermit.Theengagedpartywillabidebythedecisionsoftheengagingpartyandworkinthespiritofactivecooperationtoaccomplishassignedtasks.38CONTRACT OF EMLPOYMENT6.Neitherpartyshall,withoutsufficientcauseorreason,cancelthecontract.Iftheengagingpartyfindsitimperativetoterminatethecontract,then,inadditiontobearingthecorrespondingexpensesforwagesandbenefits,itmustpaytheengagedpartyonemonthsextrasalaryascompensationallowance,andarrangeforhimandhisfamilysreturntotheirowncountrywithinamonth.39CONTRACT OF EMLPOYMENTIftheengagedpartysubmithis/herresignationwithinthecontractperiod,theengagingpartywillberelievedoftheresponsibilityforwagesandbenefitsfromthedatetheengagedsresignationisacceptedandapprovedbytheengagingparty.Inaddition,theengagedpartymustprovideforhisandhisfamilysreturntothecountryoforiginwithoutexpensetotheengaginginstitution.40CONTRACT OF EMLPOYMENT7.Thepresentcontractbecomeseffectiveonthefirstdayofservicehereinstipulatedandceasestobeeffectiveonthelastdayofservice.Ifeitherpartywishestorenewthecontract,negotiationsmustbeenteredpriortotheexpirationoftheoriginalcontract.Uponagreementbybothpartiesthroughconsultationanewcontractmaybesigned.41CONTRACT OF EMLPOYMENT8.Shouldanymatter,notprovidedforinthiscontract,ariseduringthecourseofperformance,itwillbesettledthroughconsultationbythetwoparties.9.TheChinesetranslationofthiscontractwillfaithfullyrepresentthespiritoftheEnglishversionandshallbebindingonbothparties.(theengagingparty)(theengagedparty)42ReferencesforFurtherReading1.彭萍，实用商务文体翻译（英汉双向）m.北京:中央编译出版社，2008.2.顾雪梁何健乐，英汉互译实用基础教程M.杭州：浙江大学出版社，3.王相国,鏖战英文合同m.北京,中国法制出版社，2008.43Assignments1.Dofurtherreading.2.Dothetranslationpracticeinyourhandouts4445