开放英语开放英语1 讲义讲义 This is English 1Unit 8 Moving In 迁入新居Situation Xiaoyan shares a flat with Mary. 小燕与小燕与Mary合租公寓。合租公寓。Language Focus 表示允表示允许：You can smoke in the garden. 议论天气：天气：Whats the weather like in ? 表达指令：表达指令：Put it there. 描画位置：描画位置：Its behind the chair. 普通如今时：I cook for my family. 如今进展时：He is cooking now.In this unit you learn how to ask for and give permission; 表示允许 revise the language for talking about whats happening now;议论正在发生 的事 study the language for describing a city;描画城市 learn how to talk about the weather;谈 论天气情况 learn to express a command.表达指令Session 1In this session you revise the language for talking about routines;议论日常生活日常生活 learn how to ask for and give permission.表示允表示允许Language Focus 1、情态动词 can 表示允许 You can use the phone in the living room. You cant smoke in the bedrooms. Can I use the cooker in the kitchen? 在这些句子中，can 是情态动词，表示“允许后接动词原形。其否认方式有两种写法，can not 或者cant.2、普通疑问句的构成方法是将 can 置于句首用于第一人称的疑问句，可以表示讯问他人能否允许。例如： Can I use the cooker in the kitchen?can通常表示“才干；用于第二人称 的普通疑问句通常表示“恳求 3、can 用于陈说句的一定句表示允许，用于否认句表示不允许。 She can smoke in the garden. 她可以在花园里吸烟。 You can do what you want .作宾语 他情愿做什么就做什么。 You cant be noisy.他们不能大声喧哗。Cultural Note 表达歉意表达歉意“Im afraid. 讲英英语的人表达歉意的的人表达歉意的场所很多，比如，所很多，比如，在在对他人他人恳求允求允许做出否做出否认回答回答时，应先表示歉意然后在回先表示歉意然后在回绝，才，才显得委婉、得委婉、礼貌。礼貌。 E.g.Can I use the phone in the hall? Im afraid not. Thats a fax machine I use for work.(这里的I use for work 作 fax machine的定语，因此称为定 语从句 。) 这些语法工程我们以后会 专门学习。4、can 的的读音音 在不同句在不同句试中，中，can 的的读音有所不同，音有所不同，有弱有弱读和和强读两种方式。在两种方式。在陈说句和疑句和疑问句中，通常采用弱句中，通常采用弱读方式；但在方式；但在简单答答语中，那么采用中，那么采用强读方式。方式。 比较 弱读式 / k n/ You can smoke in the garden. Can I smoke in the classroom? 强度式 / k n / Yes, you can. can 的否认方式cant 读作 / k :n t /。Session 2 In this session you revise the language for talking about whats happening now;议论正在发生 的事 learn to describe the weather and cities.描画天气和城市情况Language Focus 一、普通如今时与如今进展时 1、普通如今时：表示经常发生的事情这 些动作能够每天、每时或经常发生 2、如今进展时：表示现阶段或说话的此 刻 正在发生的事情。普通如今时： I cook for my family. I usually start work at nine o clock.如今进展时: Hes cooking. Im working now.3、英语中有些动词通常只用于普通时态，而不用进展时。这些动词表示相对静止的物质、心思及情感形状，被称为形状动词。我们学过的形状动词有： to be He is English. to haveI have two brothers. to have gotI have got two brothers. to likeI like TV. to loveI love coffee. to hateI hate my job. to thinkI think its cheap.二、描画天气二、描画天气1、 描画当前的天气情况描画当前的天气情况weather可以可以用普通如今用普通如今时和如今和如今进展展时两种方式。两种方式。讯问天气情况常用天气情况常用Whats(what is) the weather like in +某地某地这个句式。回个句式。回答答时可以用可以用It is (Its)+描画描画词，或者，或者It is (Its)+ing方式等。方式等。例如：讯问：Whats the weather like in Shanghai?回答：Its rainy.Its raining.Its sunny.Its shinning.2、当议论一个地方的气候climate时通常只用普通如今时而不用如今进展时。例如： It often rains in summer in England. It doesnt usually snow in winter in Ireland. The temperature doesnt go below minus 15 degrees in spring. It is often sunny in autumn.3、描画城市 讯问城市的情况，可以用 Whats (What is) +城市称号+like？这个句式提问。 例如：Whats (What is) London like? 4、描画城市的情况，可以用动词 to be+描画词。例如： London is busy, noisy, crowded and exciting. But its too expensive.5、一些描画住房条件的描画词。这些描画词及其反义词也可用来描画城市情况。 beautiful ugly quiet noisy crowded empty expensive cheap expensive cheap big small busy calm safe dangerous well-organized chaotic (杂乱的) clean dirty(polluted) modern old-fashioned Session 3 In this session you learn how to use prepositions of place; 表达方位的介词 learn to express a command. 表达指令。Language Focus 祈使句可以表示恳求和指令。 祈使句的一定式用动词原形。例如： Put it on the small table. Stand the lamp on the desk. 祈使句的否认式用 Dont +动词原形。例如： Dont put them on the desk.Study TipAn important skill to develop in any foreign language is to understand the gist of what is being communicated without understanding every word . Therefore, it is important to listen to, read and watch trying to translate every word either, as this will slow you down,confuse you and overload you.学外语应培育领会大意、抓要点的才干。要多听英语录音，多读英语文章，多看英语节目，而不用追求一字不差全懂全会。切忌逐字逐句地翻译成汉语。由于这样翻译只能加重他大脑的负担，减慢领会要点的速度，使他抓不住整体的意思。Review Reminder表示允表示允许、不允、不允许 You can smoke in the garden. You cant smoke here. Can I smoke in the bedroom?描画城市描画城市 Whats like? Its beautiful, ugly, big, small, clean, dirty,crowded, empty,modern.议论天气、气候天气、气候 Whats the weather like in ? Its hot . Its cold. Its sunny. Its cloudy. Its windy. Its snowy. Its rainy Its foggy. Its snowing. Its raining. It often rains. It often snows. It doesnt usually rain. It doesnt usually snow.议论正在正在发生的事情生的事情 Im (am) working. Youre (are) working. Hes (is) working. Shes (is) working. Were (are) working. Theyre (are) working.表达指令表达指令 Put it there. Dont put them there.描画物品所在的位置描画物品所在的位置 Its near the chair. Its on the chair. Its under the chair. Its above the chair. Its next to the chair. Its in front of the chair. Its behind the chair.