book3unit4Astronomybook3unit4Astronomy全单元课件全单元课件Unit 4solar system太阳系太阳系Hangzhou Foreign Languages School Bao Xiaoming seagreatbaogmail.comThe Solar System1111SunVenusMercuryMarsJupiterSaturnEarthPlutoNeptuneUranus But scientists now think Pluto is too small to be called a planet.Different ideas about how life beganBig BangPangu (盘古盘古)GodNuwaLets review the evolution of life on the earth. After the “Big Bang”, the earth was full of water.Original cells appeared in the ocean. The cells in the water began to separate. Marine animals came into being. Some animals (amphibian & insects) came to land.Reptile appeared. dinosaurs dinosaurs mammalsMan had evolved from apes. They developed new methods of growing food, hunting and moving around. As time went by, they covered the earth and have become the most important animals on the planet.We are making the world better.We are making the world worse.ABDiscussionnew methods of growing food(1) What humans developed?new methods of hunting new methods of moving aroundGreenhouseeffect(2) But they are not taking care of the earth very well. What problem are humans causing? make the earth too hot put too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphereToo much carbon dioxide is being put into the atmosphere.The earth may become too hot to live on. The earth is becoming hotter and hotter!Hangzhou Foreign Languages School Bao Xiaoming seagreatbaogmail.comAs young people, what little things can we do for the earth? solar energy plant trees recycle rubbish prevent desertificationsave water purify airWhether life will continue on the earth depends on human beings.Only if we care will we help,only if we help shall all be saved!Hangzhou Foreign Languages School Bao Xiaoming seagreatbaogmail.com人教版高中英语选修三Unit4Reading_The Solar System Do you know how life began on the earth? Do you know any ancient idea about the beginning of the universe?ReadingHOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.How life began on the earth?Reading1. What is the original earths atmosphere made up of? 2. What is fundamental to the development of life?3. Which kind of life-being first appeared on the earth, plants or animals? 4. Main idea of each paragraphScanningScan the passage quickly to answer the following questions.Scan the passage quickly to answer the following questions. Carbon, nitrogen, water vapour, and other gases.Water.1. What is the original earths atmosphere made up of?2. What is fundamental to the development of life?3. Which kind of life-being first appeared on the earth, plants or animals? Why? At first, small plants began to appear on the surface of the water, they produced oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.4. Choose the main idea for each paragraph ( ) The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth. ( ) The formation of the earth. ( ) The development of plants and animals on the earth. ( ) A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe. ( ) The importance of water for life.54213HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNo one knows exactly how the earthbegan, as it happened so long ago.However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatterinalldirections.After that, atoms began to form andcombine to create stars and otherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljustacloudofdust.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntil between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dustsettledintoasolidglobe.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface._WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem._Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillions of years to come willdependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved._1. Why was the earth different from other planets? The water remained.2. Why did the plants grow before the animals came? Because plants provide oxygen for animals to breathe. Answer the questions.3. Why is it wrong in films and stories to show dinosaurs and people together? Because dinosaurs died out long before human beings developed on the earth.4. There used to be nine planets in the solar system. Recently scientists have decided that one of them can no longer be considered a planet. Do you know the name of that planet? Do you know why they removed it? Pluto. Scientists now think it is too small to be called a planet. 5. Why do you think that humans are the cleverest animals on the earth? They are the cleverest animals because they have larger brains than any other creature on the earth so far.6. What problem is caused by human beings? They cause global warming. 1. Why was the earth different from other planets? A. It produced a lot of heat. B. The water remained. C. The water disappeared. D. It was the oldest planet.Choose the best answer. 2. Why was life able to develop on the earth but not on other planets? A. The earth had a solid shape. B. The earth did not have harmful gases in its atmosphere. C. The water stayed on the earth but not on other planets. D. The earth was not too hot and not too cold. 3. Why was it necessary for plants to grow before animals? A. Animals needed plants to protect them from the sun. B. Plants provided oxygen for animals to breathe. C. Animals could hide from hunters in the forest. D. It was easier for plants to grow. 4. It can be inferred from the text that _. A. after “Big Bang”, what the dust was to become remained a mystery B. plants appeared before the animals C. plants multiplied and filled the oceans with oxygen D. plants played an important part in the appearance of the animals Passage structureMain bodyPara 1: Para 2:Para 3:Para 4: Para 5: A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe.The formation of the earth.The importance of water for life.The development of plants and animals on the earth.The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth.Read the passage carefully and analyze its Read the passage carefully and analyze its structure:structure:earth, atmosphere and waterlife development on the earthhuman beingsPage 27a cloud of energetic dust a solid ballatmosphere a world full of water4132combine into explode with fire and rockdissolve harmful gasesCool down plants in the watershellfish and fishplants on landinsects and amphibiansreptiles dinosaurs mammals They produced young by l_ eggs.ayingThey _ young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.gave birth toDinosaurs e_ on the earth for more than 140 million years.xistedSeveral billion years after the “Big Bang”Between 4.5 and 3.8 billion yearsagoa cloud of dusta solid globeexploded with fire and rockWater began to appearproduce C/N water vapor, etc.Stage1 The development of the earth Why is water so important for the beginning of life? Because water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases into oceans and seas.Stage2 The development of lifeRead Para. 4-5 and fill in the blanks.45678910small plants in water insects reptilesamphibiansmammalsdinosaurs humansplantsanimalsgreen plants on landforestsshellfish and all sorts of fish321Evolution of life on the earth（）1Insectsandamphibiansappeared.（）2Dinosaursappeared.（）3Theearthbecameasolidball.（）4Smallplantsgrewonthewater.（）5Reptilesappeared.（）6Plantsbegantogrowondryland.（）7Theearthwasacloudofdust.（）8Waterappearedontheearth.（9Shellfishandotherfishappeared.（）10Theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.（）11Cleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.（）12Mammalsappeared.5106）2948371 Detailed readingPut the order of development of life into a time line. 12 11 Page 27Post reading After reading the passage, discuss the following After reading the passage, discuss the following questions.questions.1. Why was the earth different from the other planets?2. Why did the plants grow before the animals came? Because the water remained on the earth. Because plants provide oxygen for animals to breathe.Page 273. Why is it wrong to show films with dinosaurs and people together? Because dinosaurs died out long before human beings developed on the earth.4. There used to be nine planets in the solar system. Recently scientists have decided that one of them can no longer be considered a planet. Do you know the name of the planet? Do you know why they removed it? The name is Pluto. Scientists now think it is too small to be called a planet.Page 275. What problem is caused by human beings?Global warming.Page 27Page 27_ 语篇标识词：在理解句与句之间的关系时，把握语篇标识词(discourse discourse markersmarkers)是最基本的技巧之一。语篇标识词是指在上下文中起连接作用，表明句与句之间逻辑关系的词语。如表示举例关系的for for example, example, for for instance;instance;表示转折关系的but, but, however, however, although;although;表示因果关系的because, because, since;since;表示顺承关系的so, so, andand和表示对比关系的while, while, whereas, whereas, in in contrastcontrast等。常见的常见的语篇标志词语篇标志词 (逻辑关系词逻辑关系词)1. 表示并列关系likewise, once again / once more, in (much) thesameway(manner),similarly/similarto,also/aswellas,notonlybutalso,bothand,neithernor,like/justlike,as/justas,equallynamely,or,and2. 表示转折关系but/yet/whereas,however,otherwise,incontrast(to), conversely, though / although, nevertheless,unlike,inspiteof,despite,onthecontrary,evenif/eventhough,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand;instead(of),notasas,ratherthan,evenso,while3. 表示举例forexample/forinstance/e.g.,suchas,thatis/namely/i.e.,inotherwords,ingeneral/inparticular,especially,specifically4. 表示因果关系asaresult,asaconsequence,consequently,so/therefore / thus, then, for this reason, hence,accordingly,because/becauseof,owingto,thanksto,onaccountof,since,dueto,for,as,thisiswhy5. 表示递进关系and,then,aswellas,again,another,also/too,inaddition(to),additionally,additional,besides,moreover,furthermore,notonlybutalso,whatsmore6. 表示让步关系though/although, while,eventhough/evenif,nevertheless,inspiteof/despite7. 表示总结inaword,inbrief,inshort,aboveall,allinall,onthewhole,ingeneral,toconclude/inconclusion,tosumup/tosummarize/insummaryHOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNo one knows exactly how the earthbegan, as it happened so long ago.However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatterinalldirections.After that, atoms began to form andcombine to create stars and otherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljustacloudofdust.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntil between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dustsettledintoasolidglobe.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface._WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem._Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillions of years to come willdependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved._SummaryAfterthe“bigbang”,theearthwasstilljustacloudof_,it_loudlywithfireandrock,whichwere_toproducethe_,water vapour and other gases. Then _ begantoappearontheearth.dustexplodedin timecarbonwater _ in water are consideredto be the earliest lives on the earth. The O2they supplied encouraged the lives of _. Slowlygreen plants grew onland, which were followed by _likeinsectsand_.Whentheplantsgrew into _, _ appeared. Then_ developed but disappeared later,which made the rise of a totally differentanimal,_,possible,andfinally_spreadallovertheworld. shell-fish and fishamphibiansforestsreptilesdinosaursmammalhumansThe small plantsland animalsHangzhou Foreign Languages School Bao Xiaoming seagreatbaogmail.com人教版高中英语选修三Unit4Language studyPage 27 课文中的语篇标识词HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNo one knows exactly how the earthbegan, as it happened so long ago.However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatterinalldirections.After that, atoms began to form andcombine to create stars and otherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljustacloudofdust.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntil between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dustsettledintoasolidglobe.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface._WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem._Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillions of years to come willdependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved._Language studyLanguage study(注意文中的注意文中的 名词性从句作主语名词性从句作主语主语从句主语从句)HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Question: What does no one know exactly?_Question: Why does no one know exactly how the earth began?HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface._HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.matterthematerialthateverythingintheuniverseismadeof,includingsolids,liquids,andgases e.g.Dietaryfibremakeswastematterfromthefoodweeatpassthroughourbodiesquickly.asubjectorsituationthatyouhavetothinkaboutordealwith得考虑或处理的事e.g.Therearemoreimportantmattersweneedtodiscuss.Itwasapersonalmatter,andshehadnointentionoftalkingtoanyjournalistaboutit.Itwillbeasimplemattertofindher.ThisisamatterfortheGermanpeopletodecide.Thewholesituationmayseemfunnynow,butitwasnolaughingmatteratthetime.UC_物质HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.朝四面八方朝四面八方in direction朝方向 e.g.Whichdirectiondidtheygoin?ThesuspectswerelastseenheadinginthedirectionofMiami.Tonyglancedinherdirectionandtheireyesmet.Thegirlspointedintheoppositedirection.Asshotsrangout,thecrowdranscreaminginalldirections.Didyouseewhichdirectiontheywent?Frightenedbythesoundoffootsteps,therabbitsranoffinalldirections.Iwashopinghewouldntlookinourdirectionandnoticeussittingthere.Themoonsallmovearoundtheplanetinthesamedirection.HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Whatitwastobecomeusedwhentalkingaboutatimeinthepasttosaywhathappenedlater “注定将会变成什么”(主语从句)e.g.Thisdiscoverywastohaveamajoreffectonthetreatmentofheartdisease._Question: What was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago? _Question: When did the dust settle into a solid globe?The dust settled into a solid globe between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago.HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.thedustsettledintoasolidglobe尘埃落定后慢慢形成固体球状物settleifdust,snowetcsettles,itcomesdownandstaysinoneplacee.g.Snowsettledontheroofs.settlevt.&vi.vt.1.安放;安顿;安排;料理e.g.Hesettledhischildinacornerofthecompartment(车厢).(安顿)2.使(杂质)沉淀;使(液体)澄清3.使(自己)安下心来;使(心情)平静下来,使安宁e.g.AftertheexcitementItriedtosettlemyself.(平静)4.确定,决定(接that从句或wh-从句)e.g.IvesettledthatIlldropmedicineandtakeupphysics.(决定)我已决定放弃学医,开始学物理。5.解决(问题等);结束(争端、纠纷等)e.g.Bothwantedtosettletheirscores.双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。Thequestionhasbeensettled.这个问题已经解决了。6.使定居;殖民于7.支付,结算e.g.Ihaveseveralbillstosettle.我有好几笔账要付。vi. 1.坐下;安顿下来2.停息;下沉;沉淀(+on/over/upon)e.g.Thepowdersettledtothebottomofthecup.粉末都沉淀到杯底了。3.稳定下来;平静下来;镇定下来；安下心来(+down/to)e.g.Shecannotsettletowork.她安不下心来工作。4.和解;结束争端(+with)5.安家,定居;殖民e.g.ThefamilyhassettledinCanada.这家人已定居加拿大。6.决定,确定(+on)7.还清欠款;结账e.g.Isettledforhim.我替他付了账。停息停息; 下沉下沉; 沉淀沉淀 HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Questions:What was not clear? Why was it not clear?What was not clear? Why was it not clear?地球开始变得如此动荡动荡以致于不清楚这个固体形状会否继续存在下去。last1vi. + adverb /preposition 持续多久last for/until / through etc.e.g.ThehotweatherlastedforthewholemonthofJune.last + 时段e.g.Eachlessonlastsanhour.Theceasefiredidntlastlong.2vi. & vt.tocontinuetoexist,beeffective,orremainingoodconditionforalongtime继续存在，继续有效/发挥作用；仍然良好e.g.Thisgoodweatherwontlast.(vi.)last (sb.) two days / three weeks etc.e.g.Agoodcoatwilllastyoutenyears.(vt.)Cutflowerswilllastlongerifyouputflowerfoodinthewater.3alsolast out (sth.) (BritishEnglish) vi.+ adverb /preposition tomanagetoremaininthesamesituation,evenwhenthisisdifficult维持/支持e.g.Theywontbeabletolastmuchlongerwithoutfreshsupplies.Ifyougointothejobwiththatattitude,youwontlastlong.Shefearedshemightnotbeabletolastouttheafternoon.(vt.)4vi. & vt.tobeenoughforsomeoneforaperiodoftimee.g.Thewatersupplyshouldlastanother48hours.(vi.)Weonlyhad$50tolastustherestofthemonth.(vt.)HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Questions:What exploded? Where did the fire and rock come from?What exploded? Where did the fire and rock come from?译文：地球猛烈的爆炸喷出了烈火和岩石。HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Questions:What produces the carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other What produces the carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases? gases? What make up the earths atmosphere? What make up the earths atmosphere?Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Thefireandrockthattheexplosionproduced.烈火和岩石最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和别的气体，这些东西构成了大气层。Carbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases.in time after a certain period of time, especially after a gradual process of change and development 最终；迟早总有一最终；迟早总有一天天e. g. He wants to see changes in the company and I am sure he will, in time. (迟早总有一天迟早总有一天) Jarvis was a strange man, but in time I got to like him. (最终最终) She started as an office junior, and in time became director of the whole company. (最终最终/后后) before the time by which it is necessary for something to be done 及时及时e. g. Will you be able to finish it in time? Dont worry, Ill be back in time to cook dinner. They ran all the way to the corner just in time to see the bus disappearing up the street. The painting was successfully repaired in time for the opening of the exhibition._(赶得上赶得上)(赶得上赶得上)(赶得上赶得上)(参阅词典time)HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Questions:What does the writer think even more important?What does the writer think even more important? Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Itismoreimportantthatwaterbegantoappearonitssurfaceastheearthcooleddownaftertheexplosion. _Whatisevenmoreimportant是表示特指对象的名词性从句作主语 _ _划线部分是表示事实的名词性从句作表语 _划线部分是as引导的时间状语从句，表宾语从句中began的时间。WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater.Questions:What is the difference between the water on the earth and the What is the difference between the water on the earth and the water on other planets like Mars? water on other planets like Mars?ThewaterontheearthdidntdisappearbutthewateronplanetslikeMarsdisappeared.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Questions:What was not immediately obvious?What was not immediately obvious?Thatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.fundamentaladjective基本的，根本的e.g.Wehavetotacklethefundamentalcauseoftheproblem.fundamentalchange/difference/distinction根本变化/区别e.g.afundamentaldifferenceinopinionfundamentalhumanrightsfundamentalto对于来说是根本的 / 对起关键作用e.g.Waterisfundamentaltosurvival.水会对生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。水会对生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。_Hangzhou Foreign Languages School Bao Xiaoming seagreatbaogmail.com人教版高中英语选修三Unit4Language studyContinuedContinuedWaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.Questions:What do many scientists believe?What do many scientists believe? _They believe that the continued presence of waterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas. 很多科学家相信，地球上长期有水存在使得地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解到海洋中去。presence when sb. or sth. is present in a particular placewhen sb. or sth. is present in a particular place ( (物物) )存在/有；(人) 到场/出席 opposite absenceabsencee. g. Your presence is requested at the club meeting on Friday.presenceofe. g. Tests revealed (显示) the presence of poison in the blood. Because of the presence of chemicals, many fish are inedible.in the presence of sb. alsoalso in somebodys presence in somebodys presence 当某人面当某人面e. g. He was determined not to complain in the presence of the nursein the presence of the nurse. I asked you not to smoke in my presencein my presence.Callow to let sb. do or have sth., or let sth. happen 允许；听任 synonym permite. g. My parents wouldnt allow me to go to the party. Women are not allowed to enter the mosque. Dont allow your problems to dominate your life. How much time are we allowed? I dont allow the cat in the bedroom. The audience is not allowed backstage. Are dictionaries allowed in the exam? We dont allow diving in the pool. to make it possible for sth. to happen or for sb. to do sth., especially sth. helpful or useful 使可能e. g. This adjustment of the figures allows a fairer comparison. Our new system will allow for more efficient use of resources. A 24-hour ceasefire allowed the two armies to reach an agreement. a seatbelt that allows the driver greater freedom of movement_WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.What made it possible for life to develop?What made it possible for life to develop? _This produced a chain reaction.This produced a chain reaction.make it possible for sb. to do sth.make it possible for sb. to do sth.e. g. His efforts led to his rapid progress, which e. g. His efforts led to his rapid progress, which made it possible for made it possible for him to be admitted him to be admitted to a key university.to a key university. Plenty of rain Plenty of rain makes it possible for us to havemakes it possible for us to have another good another good harvest.harvest. A good habit will A good habit will make it possible for one to achieve make it possible for one to achieve more.more.表达表达良好的教育将使得他能过上幸福的生活。良好的教育将使得他能过上幸福的生活。A good education will A good education will make it possible for him to livemake it possible for him to live a happy life. a happy life. 这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命能开始发展了。这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命能开始发展了。_WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.What made it possible for early shellfish and all sorts of fish to develop?What made it possible for early shellfish and all sorts of fish to develop?_ _ _ _ The first extremely small plants multiplied and filled the oceans The first extremely small plants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.and seas with oxygen.encourage encourage 鼓励；说服；使可能发生/存在/发展；怂恿/ 助长/激发/促使e. g. I want to thank everyone who has e. g. I want to thank everyone who has encouragedencouraged and supported me. and supported me. A good teacher will always A good teacher will always encourageencourage his students his students to workto work harder. harder. Her friends Her friends encouragedencouraged her in her ambition to become a model. her in her ambition to become a model. Dont Dont encourageencourage bad habits in a child. bad habits in a child. 不要助长孩子的不良习惯。不要助长孩子的不良习惯。 A 10p rise in cigarette prices is not enough to A 10p rise in cigarette prices is not enough to encourageencourage smokers to stop. smokers to stop. Violent TV programmes Violent TV programmes encourageencourage anti-social behaviour. anti-social behaviour.T 它们繁殖后使得海洋充满了氧气，这它们繁殖后使得海洋充满了氧气，这为为稍后的贝类稍后的贝类及各种鱼类的进化及各种鱼类的进化创造了条件创造了条件。 _ _ _multiply multiply vi. & vt. vi. & vt. 乘；(数量的) 成倍增加；vi. vi. 繁殖e. g. Children will learn to e. g. Children will learn to multiplymultiply in the second grade. in the second grade. MultiplyMultiply the total the total byby 12. 12. The amount of information available has The amount of information available has multipliedmultiplied. . Smoking Smoking multipliesmultiplies the risk of heart attacks and other health problems. the risk of heart attacks and other health problems. Bacteria Bacteria multiplymultiply quickly in warm food. quickly in warm food.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.What still remains a mystery?What still remains a mystery? _ _The reason why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared.The reason why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared.remain remain link verb link verb ( (后接后接n. , adj. , prep., n. , adj. , prep., 和非谓语动词和非谓语动词) ) 仍然；仍然；尚待尚待e. g. Peter became a manager, but Jack e. g. Peter became a manager, but Jack remainedremained a workera worker. . It It remainedremained a secreta secret. . Whatever achievements youve made, you should Whatever achievements youve made, you should remainremain modestmodest. . He had to He had to remainremain in hospital in hospital until he was better. until he was better. Many problems Many problems remainremain to be solvedto be solved. . 有好多问题有好多问题尚待尚待解决。解决。 It It remainsremains to be seen to be seen whether you are right.whether you are right. 过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作；现在分词作表语表示正在进行的主动动作。被动动作；现在分词作表语表示正在进行的主动动作。 e. g. The guests came in, but she e. g. The guests came in, but she remainedremained sitting at the desk sitting at the desk reading.reading. As before, he As before, he remainedremained unmovedunmoved. . 他和以往一样无动于衷。他和以往一样无动于衷。_remain remain vi.vi. ( (不用进行体和被动语态不用进行体和被动语态) ) 剩下；剩余剩下；剩余e. g. After the fire, very little e. g. After the fire, very little remainedremained of of his house. his house. 火灾过后，他的家所剩无几。火灾过后，他的家所剩无几。 After the earthquake, very little After the earthquake, very little remainedremained of of the city of the city of Tangshan. Tangshan. 地震过后，唐山这座城市所剩无几。地震过后，唐山这座城市所剩无几。 ThereThere remainedremained now only one woman and two children. now only one woman and two children. 现在只剩下一个妇女和两个孩子了。现在只剩下一个妇女和两个孩子了。 ThereThere remainsremains a still more difficult task for us to accomplish. a still more difficult task for us to accomplish. 还有一项更艰巨的任务需要我们完成。还有一项更艰巨的任务需要我们完成。 它对我们是有害还是有益还得等着瞧。它对我们是有害还是有益还得等着瞧。表达表达Whether it will do us harm or good Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seenremains to be seen. . WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.What did the disappearance make possible?What did the disappearance make possible? _ _The rise of mammals on the earth.The rise of mammals on the earth.当宾语后接宾语补足语时，如宾语较长则后置：当宾语后接宾语补足语时，如宾语较长则后置：e. g. A good habit e. g. A good habit makesmakes possiblepossible the achievement of ones goalthe achievement of ones goal. . The death of the president The death of the president mademade possiblepossible the reform of politicsthe reform of politics. . What do you think will What do you think will makemake possiblepossible the earths cooling the earths cooling downdown? ? Lasers Lasers makemake possiblepossible a fascinating form of photography known a fascinating form of photography known as holographyas holography. . 激光技术使得有可能制出称为全息摄影的美妙的图片。激光技术使得有可能制出称为全息摄影的美妙的图片。 She She makesmakes clearclear to us to us that she wants to be master in her own that she wants to be master in her own househouse. .WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem._givebirth(tosomebody)(妇女)生(孩子)；(动物)产仔e.g.At9:40Claudiagavebirthtoanine-poundbabyboy.Locklearhasjustgivenbirthtoadaughter.Twomonthsaftershegotmarriedshegavebirthtoafemalechild.Zeldawasadmittedtothehospitalatoneoclock,andgavebirthtwohourslater._ _Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.inonesturn轮到某人时；接着e.g.Nowthatwehavefinisheddesigning,thecompany,initsturn,shoulddotheconstructingwork.inturn依次；反过来e.g.Eachofushadtolookafterherinturn.Interestrateswerecutand,inturn,sharepricesrose.Iwashardonmyeldestson,andhe,inturn,wasmeantohislittlebrother.Workingoutsidecanmeantoomuchsunexposure,whichinturncanleadtoskincancer._ 于是，他们于是，他们接着接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved._ 他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，使使地球上地球上的热量的热量不能不能释放到太空中去。释放到太空中去。prevent sb. / sth. (from) doing sth. 阻止；使不能e.g.Hisbackinjurymaypreventhimfromplayingintomorrowsgame.Wewerepreventedfromenteringthesite.Wrapsmallornamentsinpapertopreventthembeingdamaged._Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.asaresultof因为，由于asaresult因此e.g.Asaresultofthepilotsstrike,allflightshavehadtobecancelled.Manypeoplearenowhomelessasaresultofthecivilwar.Thepeoplewhosufferedasaresultwere,ofcourse,mycustomers._Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.Heistootiredtodoanything.(主谓关系)Thebookisveryinterestingtoread.Heisveryeasytogetalongwith.Sofaisverycomfortabletositon.Theriverisverydangeroustoswimin._(动宾关系)注意：系表结构后面的不定式与句子的主语之间是动宾关系时，不定式必须缺宾语，即不定式或者是及物动词(+宾语+介词)，或者是不及物动词+介词等；是主谓关系时，不定式不缺宾语。Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.ImightnotbeabletogotoFrance-itdependshow much it costs.TheamountIearndependsonthe kind of work Im doing.Westilldontknowwhetherwellhavetomovetoanewhouseornot-italldepends.Whetheryoullpasstheexamdependsonhow hard you work now.Whenwellfinishourworkdependsonhow we do the work.Choosingtherightbikedependsonwhat you want to use it for._当主语不是人时，depend(on)表示“主语依依宾语的不同而变不同而变化化”，即“取决于”。_Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.e.g.Whatareyougoingtodointheweektocome?Howwillyouliveintheyearstocomewithnoincome?Inthecomingyear,manypeoplewillhavetheirhomesdamagedortheirpropertystolen.AsforAdams,hemustbehopingthathecanregainhisplaceonPartyPoliticsinthecomingseason._tocome和coming都作定语，表示“即将到来的”，只是tocome用于时间短语后面，而coming用于表示时间的词语前面。Hangzhou Foreign Languages School Bao Xiaoming seagreatbaogmail.com人教版高中英语选修三Unit4PracticePage 28_Page 28Page 28fundamentalastronomygave birth toexistedAs a resultatomspreventsfrompuzzlePage 28Page 29HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,as it happened so long ago. However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwithaBigBangthatthrewmatter in all directions. After that, atomsbegantoformandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.ForseveralbillionyearsaftertheBigBang,theearthwasstilljust a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain untilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein time toproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Whatis even more important is that as the earth cooled down, waterbegantoappearonitssurface.1 _2 _ 3 _HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHWaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater. Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremelysmallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the laterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylaying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of thedinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains amystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseofmammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygave birth toyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem. 4 _ 5 _6 _HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHFinallyabout2.6millionyearsagosome small clever animals, now withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Thustheyhave,in their turn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyare putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. As a result of this, manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.Sowhetherlife will continue on the earth formillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved. 7 _Page 29 _ _ _ _ _ _Page 29 _143526 _ _ _ _ _ _Page 30Page 30Questions1. What is gravity?2. How did Isaac Newton first find gravity?3. Was the earth the centre of the universe?4. Which has stronger gravity, a bigger object or a smaller one?5. What will happen if you fly deep in space?6. Why will one fly faster when he gets closer to an object in space?7. Where does time go slower, on a larger object or a smaller object?8. What is the black hole?Answers1. What Isaac Newton found pulled the apple down to the earth.2. He found that an apple was pulled down to the earth.3. Of course not. Why ancient people thought so is that they had thought everything was pulled onto the earth. 4. Of course a bigger object. The bigger an object is, the stronger its gravity is.5. Youll fly faster and faster and cant come back.6. Because the closer you get to it the gravity is stronger.7. Of course on a larger object. A larger object has stronger gravity. The stronger the gravity is, the slower time will go.8. A place in space where the strong mass has such strong gravity that nothing can escape if it flies over its edge.A VISIT TO THE MOONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship!Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearthsgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother. GraduallytheweightlessenedandIwasabletotalktohim.Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbacktotheearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.Iasked. We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull, heexplained,sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearths.Icheered upimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.Comeon,Isaid.Ifyouareright,mymasswillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless!Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.Ohdear,Icried,walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenow thatgravityhaschanged.AfterawhileIgotthehangofitandwebegantoenjoyourselves.Leavingthemoonsgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearths.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebroke outontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.Thatwasveryexhaustingbutveryexcitingtoo,Isaid.NowIknowmuchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime?Ofcourse,hesmiled,whichstarwouldyouliketogoto?Pages 30-31ComprehensionComprehensionA VISIT TO THE MOONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship!Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearthsgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother. GraduallytheweightlessenedandIwasabletotalktohim.Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbacktotheearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.Iasked. We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull, heexplained,sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearths.Icheered upimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.What did Li Yanping explain to me?What did Li Yanping explain to me?H explained H explained thatthat the force of gravity would change three the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and times on our journey and that that the first change would be the the first change would be the most powerful. most powerful. Pages 30-31A VISIT TO THE MOONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship!Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearthsgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother. GraduallytheweightlessenedandIwasabletotalktohim.Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbacktotheearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.Iasked. We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull, heexplained,sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearths.Icheered upimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.What is the following paragraph about?What is the following paragraph about?What happened to us What happened to us beforebefore we got to the moon. we got to the moon.Pages 30-31Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.Comeon,Isaid.Ifyouareright,mymasswillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless!Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.Ohdear,Icried,walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenow thatgravityhaschanged.AfterawhileIgotthehangofitandwebegantoenjoyourselves.Leavingthemoonsgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearths.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebroke outontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.Thatwasveryexhaustingbutveryexcitingtoo,Isaid.NowIknowmuchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime?Ofcourse,hesmiled,whichstarwouldyouliketogoto?What is the above paragraph about?What is the above paragraph about?What happened to us What happened to us whenwhen we landed on the moon. we landed on the moon.Page 31Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.Comeon,Isaid.Ifyouareright,mymasswillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless!Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.Ohdear,Icried,walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenow thatgravityhaschanged.AfterawhileIgotthehangofitandwebegantoenjoyourselves.Leavingthemoonsgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearths.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebroke outontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.Thatwasveryexhaustingbutveryexcitingtoo,Isaid.NowIknowmuchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime?Ofcourse,hesmiled,whichstarwouldyouliketogoto?What is the following paragraph about?What is the following paragraph about?What happened to us What happened to us whenwhen we came back to the earth. we came back to the earth.Page 31Language pointsA VISIT TO THE MOONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship!Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearthsgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother. GraduallytheweightlessenedandIwasabletotalktohim.Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbacktotheearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.Iasked. We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull, heexplained,sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearths.Icheered upimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.Pages 30-31 Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. 上个月我有幸得到一个机会同我的朋友上个月我有幸得到一个机会同我的朋友一位宇航员李彦平一道去太空旅行。一位宇航员李彦平一道去太空旅行。enough的用法的用法:1）形容词作定语：）形容词作定语：enough用在名词前、后都可以。用在名词前、后都可以。e. g. I have enough time to do the work. I have time enough to do the work. 我有足够的时间做此项工作。我有足够的时间做此项工作。2）用作副词修饰形容词或副词表示程度用作副词修饰形容词或副词表示程度: : enoughenough一般放在形容词一般放在形容词 或副词的后边。如或副词的后边。如long enough, fast enough, quickly enoughlong enough, fast enough, quickly enough等。等。 一般不说：一般不说：enough long, enough fast, enough quicklyenough long, enough fast, enough quicklye. g. The boy is old enough to go to school. 这孩子到上学的年龄了。这孩子到上学的年龄了。3）用作副词修饰动词时也需放在动词之后。）用作副词修饰动词时也需放在动词之后。 The meat is not cooked enough. 肉炖得不够熟。肉炖得不够熟。 If I had _ (足够长的假期足够长的假期), Id visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.a long enough holidayA VISIT TO THE MOONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship!Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearthsgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother. GraduallytheweightlessenedandIwasabletotalktohim.Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbacktotheearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.Iasked. We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull, heexplained,sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearths.Icheered upimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.Pages 30-31Then we were off. 随后我们就启程了。随后我们就启程了。be off = set off 出发；动身出发；动身e. g. I am off today. 我今天不用上班。我今天不用上班。 We are off today. 今天我们不上班今天我们不上班/今天我们不开张。今天我们不开张。 与与off相关的短语相关的短语: see . off 送行送行 jump off 跳下跳下 give off 散发出散发出 show off 炫耀炫耀 get off 下车下车 set off 燃放燃放;引发引发 turn off 关闭关闭 pay off 付清付清, 还清还清; 有好结果有好结果A VISIT TO THE MOONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship!Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearthsgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother. GraduallytheweightlessenedandIwasabletotalktohim.Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbacktotheearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.Iasked. We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull, heexplained,sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearths.Icheered upimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.Pages 30-31 When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths. 当我们当我们更接近更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在月球时，就会感到月球的引力在吸引我们。不过，月球的引力不如地球的引力大。吸引我们。不过，月球的引力不如地球的引力大。get close to 靠近，接近靠近，接近 (指动态指动态)be close to 距距.近近 (指状态指状态)e. g. We cant find even a little time to relax, let alone to get close to the nature. The school is close to the post office.A VISIT TO THE MOONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship!Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearthsgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother. GraduallytheweightlessenedandIwasabletotalktohim.Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbacktotheearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.Iasked. We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull, heexplained,sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearths.Icheered upimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.Pages 30-31cheer up 欢呼，喝彩欢呼，喝彩; ; 感到高兴感到高兴; ; (使使)振作起来振作起来cheer up phrasal verb to become less sad, or to make sb. feel less sad (使使)振作起来振作起来e. g. Cheer up! The worst is over. (vi.) They cheered up when they saw us coming along. (vi.)cheer sb. upe. g. Heres a bit of news that will cheer you up. (vt.) You both need cheering up, I think. (vt.)cheer sb. on phrasal verb to shout encouragement at a person or team to help them do well in a race or competition 给某人给某人加油加油e. g. They gathered round the swimming pool and cheered her on. All the mums and dads come to cheer their kids on. The best way to cheer yourself up is to try to cheer somebody else up. Mark Twain The crowd _ when they saw the team arrive. He took her to the concert to _.cheered upcheer her upWhenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.Comeon,Isaid.Ifyouareright,mymasswillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless!Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.Ohdear,Icried,walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenow thatgravityhaschanged.AfterawhileIgotthehangofitandwebegantoenjoyourselves.Leavingthemoonsgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearths.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebroke outontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.Thatwasveryexhaustingbutveryexcitingtoo,Isaid.NowIknowmuchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime?Ofcourse,hesmiled,whichstarwouldyouliketogoto?Page 30, Book 31). A + be + 倍数倍数 + as + 形容词原级形容词原级 +(n.)+ as + B. e. g. This tree is three times as tall as that one. It is reported that the United States uses twice as much energy as the whole Europe. (2004全国全国 I) What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is not half as wide as it is long.(2005湖北湖北)2). A + be + 倍数倍数 +形容词比较级形容词比较级 + than + B.e. g. The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. The number of students in our school is three times larger than that in theirs. 3). A + be + 倍数倍数 + the + 名词名词 (size, length, amount) + of + B.e. g. The newly broadened square is four times the size of the old.4). A + be + 倍数倍数 + what从句从句e. g. That city is four times what it was / used to be.it is long 一般情况下是不同的对象的同一质的比较，因此第二个对象用省略形式，只保留比较对象。that onethe whole Europe 但如果是同一对象或不同对象的同时或不同时的不同质的比较，则第二个对象用完整主谓结构。不同e. g. He is as hardworking as he is intelligent. He is as strong as she is weak. A country should be as powerful as it is large. He speaks English as fluently as he spoke Chinese. The desk is almost twice as long as it is wide. Often one may hate a girl as much as he loves her.实验后，这种细胞已经变得有那种细胞的三倍大了。实验后，这种细胞已经变得有那种细胞的三倍大了。3. After the experiment, this cell has become three times the size of that one.1. After the experiment, this cell has become three times as large as that one.表达表达2. After the experiment, this cell has become twice larger than that one.as large as larger thanthe size ofWhenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.Comeon,Isaid.Ifyouareright,mymasswillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless!Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.Ohdear,Icried,walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenow thatgravityhaschanged.AfterawhileIgotthehangofitandwebegantoenjoyourselves.Leavingthemoonsgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearths.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebroke outontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.Thatwasveryexhaustingbutveryexcitingtoo,Isaid.NowIknowmuchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime?Ofcourse,hesmiled,whichstarwouldyouliketogoto?Page 30 “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” 既然既然引力变了，走路也的确需要练一练了。引力变了，走路也的确需要练一练了。e. g. Now that we know each other a little better, we get along fine. Im going to relax now the school year is over. My oldest son and I are getting along better now that hes getting ready to go to college. now (that) 同同since相似，语气较弱，引出的原因是相似，语气较弱，引出的原因是已知的事实。已知的事实。表达表达1. 1. 既然既然你忙你忙, , 就让我给你做吧。就让我给你做吧。Now that you are busy, let me do it for you.2. 2.既然既然人都齐了人都齐了, , 咱们开始干吧。咱们开始干吧。Now that everyone is here, lets start workPage 30Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.Comeon,Isaid.Ifyouareright,mymasswillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless!Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.Ohdear,Icried,walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenow thatgravityhaschanged.AfterawhileIgotthehangofitandwebegantoenjoyourselves.Leavingthemoonsgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearths.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebroke outontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.Thatwasveryexhaustingbutveryexcitingtoo,Isaid.NowIknowmuchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime?Ofcourse,hesmiled,whichstarwouldyouliketogoto?getthehangofsomethinginformaltolearnhowtodosth.orusesth.掌握(的诀窍/窍门)e.g.Nothingisdifficultwhenyougetthehangofit.Itseemsdifficultatfirst,butyoullsoongetthehangofit.Ifyougetthehangoflearning,youlllearnmorequickly.ItisdifficultforaforeignertogetthehangofEnglishidioms.Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.Comeon,Isaid.Ifyouareright,mymasswillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless!Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.Ohdear,Icried,walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenow thatgravityhaschanged.AfterawhileIgotthehangofitandwebegantoenjoyourselves.Leavingthemoonsgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearths.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebroke outontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.Thatwasveryexhaustingbutveryexcitingtoo,Isaid.NowIknowmuchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime?Ofcourse,hesmiled,whichstarwouldyouliketogoto?Page 30e.g.Followedbyadog,heenteredthebuilding.Shockedbythemillionpoundbanknote,Toddwasataloss.Movedbywhathesaid,theaudiencewereallintears.Pleasedwithwhatthesondid,thefathersmiledathim.当某一次要信息先于主句谓语发生或伴随其同时出现并且主句中的主语又是其承受者时，可以用过去分词作状语。1在事故中受了伤，他被送到医院去了。2埋头深思，他不知道他走到的地方。3问他是干什么的，他不回答。表达：表达：Injured in the accident, he was sent to hospital.Lost in thought, he didnt know where he was going.Asked what he was, he made no answer.break out phrasal verb something unpleasant such as a fire, fight, or war starts to happene. g. Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? Fighting broke out between demonstrators and the police. A quarrel broke out between them. Do you know when the American Civil War break out? 与与happen, take place, come about等词的用法一样，等词的用法一样，是不及物动词，不能带宾语，不能用于被动语态。是不及物动词，不能带宾语，不能用于被动语态。与与break相关的短语相关的短语:break down 撞开撞开; 毁掉毁掉;坏掉坏掉; 破除破除; 坍塌坍塌; (化学化学)分解分解; (谈判等谈判等)破裂破裂; 失败失败; 排除排除(障碍等障碍等); 拆分拆分break in 破门而入破门而入; 打断打断, 插嘴插嘴break away from 脱离脱离(政党等政党等); 打破打破(陈规等陈规等) ; 挣脱挣脱 (离家离家)独立生活独立生活; break through 突围突围; 突破突破break up 打碎打碎; 拆散拆散; 分手分手; 驱散驱散, 解散解散, 分解分解; (物理物理)分分解解break ones word/promise 食言食言; 说话不算数说话不算数Page 62The excitement of space travel and the qualifications and experience needed to become an astronaut.Page 62dreamedyoungwishtruegraduallyopportunitylovePage 63blocking outbroke outgave outsold outwatch outhang outwatchout/lookoutphrasalverb紧急情况下提醒某人当心e.g.Youllbecomeanalcoholicifyoudontwatchout.Watchout!Younearlyhitthatcar.Lookout!Theresatraincoming!Watchit!Younearlyknockedmyheadoffwiththatladder.watch(out)forsth.phrasalverbtopaycloseattentioninaparticularsituationbecauseyouareexpectingsth.tohappenoryouwanttoavoidsth.bad注意e.g.Shesteppedoutsidetowatchforthecab.(等)WhatproblemsshouldIwatchoutforwhenbuyinganoldhouse?(当心、留心)forforforPage 63religionsreligiouslikeunlikegentlegentlypresentationpresentPage 63Page 63 Now that we have finished the design, the company, in its turn, will do the construction._ The fire did not cause too much damage, because the firefighters arrived in time._ The spaceship was pulled very close to the satellite by its strong gravity._ The sandstorm led to a chain reaction which ended in a serious train crash.Page 63_ _ The atmosphere in the classroom relaxed after the teachers humorous talk cheered us up._ Dont disturb her. She gave birth to a boy last night and now she is asleep._ Most of the evidence are destroyed. Thus, its impossible to prove that the drug is harmful._ Clouds are masses of very small drops of water that float in the sky.Page 63existedliveddeveloped protectfromclimatemultipliedweather prevent from_ _ _ _ _ _Climate is what we expect, weather is what we get. Mark Twain Page 646273154what was believed by many scientistswhat was suggested by Einstein _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Your appearance will remind others where and how you are living. You know your children are growing up when they stop asking you where they came from and refuse to tell you where theyre going. 从句可得是主谓结构哦！从句可得是主谓结构哦！Page 64you have not received your invitation to the party yetmany people who ride bicycles do not look where they are going The only way to keep your health is to eat what you dont want, drink what you dont like, and do what youd rather not. Mark Twain I know where Im going and I know the truth, and I dont have to be what you want me to be. Im free to be what I want. Muhammad Ali Page 64_ _ _ _ _ _ReadingtaskPage 66CAUGHT BY A BLACK HOLEThespaceshipwarnedLiYanpingandmetobereadyaswewereapproaching(靠近)theblackhole.Wecouldseesomefaintlightsaroundwhatlookedlikeanemptyspace.LiYanping said, That empty hole is like a mouth alwaysneedingtobefed.Thoselightsarethingsthatarebeingpulledintoitbythegravityofthehole.Wewatchedwithinterestandamazementatthelightswhichseemedtobegoingfainterandfainterroundtheedgeoftheblackhole.Just then the lights on our spaceship went out and thecomputerstoppedworking.Whatwashappening?Itriedtoturn the spaceship awayfromthe holebut it would notmove.Woulditeatustoo?Suddenlythespaceshipjumpedandbegantomoveroundtheedgeoftheholetoo.Thegravityoftheblackholewaspullingusintoitsmouth.Asthespaceshipmovedroundtheblackhole,Ifeltrathersick.MymouthwentdryandIclosedmyeyes.Allthestoriesaboutwhathappenedwhenyouwerecaughtbythegravityofablackholeseemedtobetrue.Butthenthespaceshipjumpedagain.Thistimeitmovedsidewaysandawayfromtheedgeoftheblackhole.Someonewatchingmewouldhaveseenthespaceshipflyinglikeabirdawayfromtheblackhole.Butwefeltnothing.Atlastwewereabletolookaroundus.Luckilythecomputerhadstartedworkingagain.Werealizedthatwehaddiscoveredsomethingnewaboutblackholes.Ifyougoinsidetheedgeofablackhole,itwilleatyouandthereisnoescape;butifyoudonot,youmayhaveanopportunitytoescape.Howexciting!Language studyLanguage study To succeed in life, you need two things: ignorance and confidence. Mark Twain CAUGHT BY A BLACK HOLEThespaceshipwarnedLiYanpingandmetobereadyaswewereapproaching(靠近)theblackhole.Wecouldseesomefaintlightsaroundwhatlookedlikeanemptyspace.LiYanping said, That empty hole is like a mouth alwaysneedingtobefed.Thoselightsarethingsthatarebeingpulledintoitbythegravityofthehole.Wewatchedwithinterestandamazementatthelightswhichseemedtobegoingfainterandfainterroundtheedgeoftheblackhole.Just then the lights on our spaceship went out and thecomputerstoppedworking.Whatwashappening?Itriedtoturn the spaceship awayfromthe holebut it would notmove.Woulditeatustoo?Page 66_approach vi.&vt.(距离、时间上)靠近，接近；到来e.g.AsIapproachedthehouse,Inoticedalightonupstairs.Sheheardfootstepsapproaching.Shewasthenapproachingtheendofhercareer.Thetimeisfastapproachingwhenwewillhavetomakeadecision.Withwinterapproaching,manyanimalsarestoringfood. CAUGHT BY A BLACK HOLEThespaceshipwarnedLiYanpingandmetobereadyaswewereapproaching(靠近)theblackhole.Wecouldseesomefaintlightsaroundwhatlookedlikeanemptyspace.LiYanping said, That empty hole is like a mouth alwaysneedingtobefed.Thoselightsarethingsthatarebeingpulledintoitbythegravityofthehole.Wewatchedwithinterestandamazementatthelightswhichseemedtobegoingfainterandfainterroundtheedgeoftheblackhole.Just then the lights on our spaceship went out and thecomputerstoppedworking.Whatwashappening?Itriedtoturn the spaceship awayfromthe holebut it would notmove.Woulditeatustoo?Page 66_e.g.Knowingwhatsheis,hedidntgreether.Hewasnotsatisfiedwithwhatshesaid.Whatyoudowillpayoffsoonerorlater.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawasteland10yearsago.Afterwhatseemedalongtime,hecamebacktolife.注意：用作介词的宾语的从句通常是wh-连接词引导的从句(表示一般疑问时只能用whether引导)。介词后一般不接that从句，但个别介词(如besides, but, except和in)可接that从句。e.g.Iknownothingabouthimexceptthathelivesnextdoor.Iaminterestedinwhetherhellgoabroad. 短语动词中有介词并且根据句意需要接短语动词中有介词并且根据句意需要接thatthat引导的宾语从引导的宾语从句时，要先加形式宾语句时，要先加形式宾语itit：e. g. Youmaydependuponitthattheywillsupportyourproposal.你可以相信他们将支持你的意见。Wewillanswerforitthattheapparatusisofgoodquality.我们保证该仪器的质量很好。某些短语动词或形容词后的介词，在某些短语动词或形容词后的介词，在that从句前常被省略：从句前常被省略：Hewassurprisedthatshesaidthis.他因为她说了这样的话而感到惊奇。(at被略去)Shewasawarethattherewerestillmanyproblems.她意识到还存在着许多问题。(aware后的of被略去)Suddenlythespaceshipjumpedandbegantomoveroundtheedgeoftheholetoo.Thegravityoftheblackholewaspullingusintoitsmouth.Asthespaceshipmovedroundtheblackhole,Ifeltrathersick.MymouthwentdryandIclosedmyeyes.Allthestoriesaboutwhathappenedwhenyouwerecaughtbythegravityofablackholeseemedtobetrue.Butthenthespaceshipjumpedagain.Thistimeitmovedsidewaysandawayfromtheedgeoftheblackhole.Someonewatchingmewouldhaveseenthespaceshipflyinglikeabirdawayfromtheblackhole.Butwefeltnothing.Atlastwewereabletolookaroundus.Luckilythecomputerhadstartedworkingagain.Werealizedthatwehaddiscoveredsomethingnewaboutblackholes.Ifyougoinsidetheedgeofablackhole,itwilleatyouandthereisnoescape;butifyoudonot,youmayhaveanopportunitytoescape.Howexciting!Page 66_golinkingverbtochangeinsomeway,especiallybybecomingworsethanbefore变了e.g.Thecompanywentbankrupt(破产)lastyear.gobad/souretc.e.g.Thebreadsgonemoldy(发霉).gogrey/whiteetc.e.g.Herhairisstartingtogogrey.gomad/deaf/baldetc.e.g.Hewentcrazyandtriedtokillher.gowild/mad/whiteetc.withsth.e.g.Thecrowdwasgoingwildwithexcitement(欣喜若狂).Suddenlythespaceshipjumpedandbegantomoveroundtheedgeoftheholetoo.Thegravityoftheblackholewaspullingusintoitsmouth.Asthespaceshipmovedroundtheblackhole,Ifeltrathersick.MymouthwentdryandIclosedmyeyes.Allthestoriesaboutwhathappenedwhenyouwerecaughtbythegravityofablackholeseemedtobetrue.Butthenthespaceshipjumpedagain.Thistimeitmovedsidewaysandawayfromtheedgeoftheblackhole.Someonewatchingmewouldhaveseenthespaceshipflyinglikeabirdawayfromtheblackhole.Butwefeltnothing.Atlastwewereabletolookaroundus.Luckilythecomputerhadstartedworkingagain.Werealizedthatwehaddiscoveredsomethingnewaboutblackholes.Ifyougoinsidetheedgeofablackhole,itwilleatyouandthereisnoescape;butifyoudonot,youmayhaveanopportunitytoescape.Howexciting!Page 66 _Suddenlythespaceshipjumpedandbegantomoveroundtheedgeoftheholetoo.Thegravityoftheblackholewaspullingusintoitsmouth.Asthespaceshipmovedroundtheblackhole,Ifeltrathersick.MymouthwentdryandIclosedmyeyes.Allthestoriesaboutwhathappenedwhenyouwerecaughtbythegravityofablackholeseemedtobetrue.Butthenthespaceshipjumpedagain.Thistimeitmovedsidewaysandawayfromtheedgeoftheblackhole.Someonewatchingmewouldhaveseenthespaceshipflyinglikeabirdawayfromtheblackhole.Butwefeltnothing.Atlastwewereabletolookaroundus.Luckilythecomputerhadstartedworkingagain.Werealizedthatwehaddiscoveredsomethingnewaboutblackholes.Ifyougoinsidetheedgeofablackhole,itwilleatyouandthereisnoescape;butifyoudonot,youmayhaveanopportunitytoescape.Howexciting!Page 66_sideways adv. to or towards one side 向/从/在一边(旁边)；斜着e. g. A strong gust of wind blew the car sideways into the ditch. He leaned sideways slightly to let Jane past. If we turn the chest sideways, I think we can get it through the door. She sat sideways across her boyfriends lap.Suddenlythespaceshipjumpedandbegantomoveroundtheedgeoftheholetoo.Thegravityoftheblackholewaspullingusintoitsmouth.Asthespaceshipmovedroundtheblackhole,Ifeltrathersick.MymouthwentdryandIclosedmyeyes.Allthestoriesaboutwhathappenedwhenyouwerecaughtbythegravityofablackholeseemedtobetrue.Butthenthespaceshipjumpedagain.Thistimeitmovedsidewaysandawayfromtheedgeoftheblackhole.Someonewatchingmewouldhaveseenthespaceshipflyinglikeabirdawayfromtheblackhole.Butwefeltnothing.Atlastwewereabletolookaroundus.Luckilythecomputerhadstartedworkingagain.Werealizedthatwehaddiscoveredsomethingnewaboutblackholes.Ifyougoinsidetheedgeofablackhole,itwilleatyouandthereisnoescape;butifyoudonot,youmayhaveanopportunitytoescape.Howexciting!Page 66 _wouldhaveseen此句相当于：Ifsomeonehadbeenwatchingme,hewouldhaveseenthespaceshipflyinglikeabirdawayfromtheblackhole.原句用作定语的现在分词暗示条件，是一个典型的含蓄条件句。e.g.Apolicemanmighthavetakenmeforathief.Page 66Page 66Page 67Page 67translation1太阳系太阳系 _ 2及时，总有一天及时，总有一天 _3阻止，制止阻止，制止 _ 4依靠，信赖依靠，信赖 _5感到高兴感到高兴 _ 6既然，由于既然，由于 _7蔓延蔓延 _ 8一般而言一般而言 _9除了除了-之外还之外还 _ 10. 作一次太空旅行作一次太空旅行_solarsystemintimepreventfromdependoncheerupnowthatspreadgenerallyspeakingaswellasmakeatripintospace11熟悉，掌握熟悉，掌握 _ 12突发，爆发突发，爆发 _13增多，使繁殖增多，使繁殖 _ 14大气层，气氛大气层，气氛 _15随着时间的流逝随着时间的流逝_ 16与与不同不同 _17冷却冷却 _ 18失重地失重地 _19全球变暖全球变暖 _ 20地心引力地心引力 _getthehangofbreakoutmultiplyatmosphereastimewent/goesbybedifferentfromcooldownweightlesslyglobalwarminggravity21产卵产卵_ 22在表面上在表面上_23两倍远两倍远_ 24非常幸运非常幸运_25向某人解释向某人解释_ 26靠近，接近靠近，接近_27出发，动身出发，动身_ 28促进促进-的发展的发展 _29从他们的体内从他们的体内 _ 30做某事的方法做某事的方法 _layeggsonitssurfacetwiceasfarasluckyenoughexplaintosbgetclosetobeoffencouragethedevelopmentoffromwithintheirbodymethodsofdoingsth用本单元词汇和用本单元词汇和语法语法完成句子完成句子1_(生命 存活的最重要的东西)iswater.(survival)2_(怎样 防止地球变暖)iswhatpuzzlesushumanbeings.(prevent)3_(其它行星上 是否存在生命)remainsapuzzle.(exist)4Itiscommonsense_(月球绕着地球运行).(around)5Itwasnotclear_(雨会下多久).(last)6_(更为重要的)is_(我们得密切关注气候的变化)WhatisthemostfundamentaltothesurvivaloflifeHowtheearthcanbepreventedfromgettingwarmerWhetherthereexistslifeontheotherplanetsthatthemooncirclesaroundtheearthhowlongtherainwouldlastWhatismoreimportantthatwehavetowatchoutforthechangeofclimate