UnitoneEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWorking with Words and Expressions1. Listed in the box below are some words in this unit that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.Text A claim assume qualified base equivalent precise personal individual Text B solemnly furthermore intelligent adventure AssumeBase假定；假设If Jane is not here in 10 minutes, well assume that she isnt coming and we wont wait for her any longer以为基础,底部；底座；They based their estimate on the figures for the last four years.Claim断言；声称；主张They claim that they have discovered a cure for the disease, but this has not yet been proved.Equivalent 对等词；等同物His reply is equivalent to a refusal.Individual个人；个体The rights of the individual are perhaps the most important rights in society.Personal个人的；私人的If you want my personal opinion, I dont think you should go there.Precise精确的；准确的The train leaves at about half past eight 8:32, to be precise.Qualified有资格的；能胜任的After years of hard work, she became qualified as a doctor last year.Adventure奇遇；大胆的Her new novel is based on her adventures in Africa.Furthermore而且；再者；另外；还有The house is too small for a family of five; furthermore, it is in a bad condition.Intelligent悟性强的；聪明的Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.Solemnly严肃的；不苟言笑的She promised solemnly that she would not say a word about it to anyone. 2. In the box below are some of the words you have l earned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change theformwherenecessary.advantage extreme helpful relevant confident communicate obtain astonish process enjoyable means apparently particularly characteradvantage有利条件；优势apparently显然；看来；据我所知astonish使吃惊；使惊讶character人物；角色；品质；特性communicate交流意见；沟通confident确信的，有信心的enjoyableextreme使人快乐的；有趣的极限；极端helpfulmeansobtainparticularlyprocessrelevant提供帮助的；有用的方法；手段获得；买到特别；尤其步骤；程序有关的；有关主题的(1)Ilikethatsingeralot,butIhaventbeenableto_hislatestCDanywhere.obtain(2)Jimsaidhewasvery_thattheproject(项目)wouldbesuccessful.confident(3)Nowadayspeoplepreferto_withoneanotherbye-mail.(4)Beingtallgavehiman_ overtheotherplayers.(5)Hebasedhisarticleonthe_ informationhehadgathered.communicateadvantagerelevant(6)Role-play(角色扮演)is_indevelopingcommunicationskills.(7)Sometimessheeatsalotandsometimesnothingatall;shejustgoesfromone_ totheother.(8)MytriptoAustraliaprovedtobeamost_experience.(9)ItisassumedthattheInternetisanefficient_ ofcommunication.(10)Imafraidthatgettingthingschangedisaslow_.helpfulextremeenjoyablemeansprocess(11)Trafficisterriblybadnowadays,_inthecitycenter.(12)Therearetoomany_ inthisnovel;couldyouspareafewminutesandhelpmeclearupmyconfusion.(13)Herbehaviourofsmokinginpublicreally_ us.(14)Allthestudentsareinterestedinhislectures;_heisaqualifiedteacher.particularlycharactersastonishedapparently3Intheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.Text A according to to a certain extent vice versa no doubt relate to (be) fond of or else let alone its no use doing sth.be similar to be worth sth./doing sth. in ones opinionText B at all costs rid of clear up sure enoughaccordingto(be)fondofbesimilartobeworthsth./doingsth.inonesopinionitsnousedoingsth.letalonenodoubt据所说喜欢做某事类似；相似值得做某事在看来更不用说；更谈不上做没用处；无益的多半；很可能orelserelatetotoacertainextentviceversaatallcostsclearupridofsureenough否则；不然的话将与联系起来什么/一定/这样的程度上反过来；反之亦然不惜任何代价彻底扫除；清理使摆脱掉果然(1)ItisnotthatIdontlikethissinger.ThefactisthatImnotvery_ countrymusic.(2)Thecost_directly_theamountoftimespentontheproject.(3)Wearepaid_howmuchworkwedo.(4)_,itwasmyfaultthatwelostthematch.(5)Girlsmaybringtheirboyfriendstothepartyand_.fond ofisrelated toaccording toTo a certain extentvice versa(6)Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers;_hellbewillingtohelpyou,too.(7)Thenewvaccinemay_theworld_oneofitsmostterrifyingdiseases.(8)Iassumethatthemisunderstandingbetweenthetwosideswillbe_soon.(9)Youmustpay$2,000;_,youwillhavetogotoprison.(10)Wemustfightpollutionandprotectourenvironment(环境)_.no doubtrid of cleared up or else at all costs (11)Isaidhewouldforget,and_hedid.(12)Hecannotrideabicycle,_amotorbike.(13)Whathetalkedaboutinyesterdayslectureis_whathesaysinthisarticle.(14)_worryingaboutJim;heisnowwithhisauntwholoveshimandwillnodoubttakegoodcareofhim. sure enough let alone based on Its no use (15)HewantstoimprovehisEnglishbyreadingdictionaries,but_itisnotaneffectivemethodoflearning.(16)IcalledLindalastnightandaskedheriftheexhibitionofChinesepaintingsinheruniversity_ seeing.in my view was worth Cloze1.Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.Manyofusthesedaysarelearningaforeignlanguage.Weareinterestedinlearninganotherlanguagebecauseweknowthatknowledgeofanotherlanguageandculturewillincreaseourcareeropportunities,broadenourhorizons(眼界，见识)andenrichourlife.Sincelearningaforeignlanguageisofsuchimportance,no_(1)peopleareconstantlylookingformore_(2)waysoflanguagedoubt efficient learning.Mostpeoplesaythebestwaytolearnalanguageistostayinthecountry_(3)itisspoken.Itistruethosewhogotoanativecountryhavean_(4)overthosewhodont.Butlivingabroadneedsmoney,andnoteveryonecan_(5)todoso.Thosewhocantgoabroadmayturntolanguageschoolsforhelp.Languageschoolsusually_(6)thattheycanteachstudentstospeakthelanguagetheywanttolearn_(7)within3to6monthsbecausetheyhavemore_(8)teachersandbetterfacilities. where advantage afford claim fluently qualified Toacertain_(9),agoodteacherisindeedimportantinlanguagelearning,butitwouldbe_(10)toclaimthatanyteacherhasdiscovereda_(11)wayofteachingEnglishineverypossiblesituation.Infact,thereare_(12)manygoodmethodsofteachingalanguageastherearegoodteachers,_(13)everyteacherisan_(14)withhis/herownpersonality.Whatastudentneedstorememberthenistofindoutamethodthatbestsuitshimself/herself. extent ridiculous perfect as because individual Translation 1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.(1)这个婴儿还不会爬(crawl)，更不要说走了。(let alone)Thebabycantevencrawlyet,letalonewalk!(2)威尔声称谋杀案发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭,但是我认为他在说谎。(claim, in ones opinion）Willclaimedhewasdiningwithagroupoffriendsatthetimeofthemurder,butinmyopinionhetoldalie. (3)一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关；有了阅读技巧，你就可以更好地应对课外阅读了。(to a certain extent, relate to , cope with）Toacertainextentthespeedofreadingiscloselyrelatedtoreadingskills;andwithreadingskillsyoucancopewithoutsideclassreadingbetter. (4)根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。(according to） Accordingtotheregulation/rule,theybothcanplaythegame/participateinthegame. (5)有些人想当然地认为日语(Japanese)中的每一个词 在汉语中都有对应的词语。(assume, equivalent)SomepeopleassumethatthereisaChineseequivalentforeveryJapaneseword.(6)我们已将所有的相关信息告知了警方。 (relevant)Wehavepassedallrelevantinformationontothepolice.(7)关于那件事你问我再多的问题也没用，因为我是不会回答你的。(its no use) ThereisnouseaskingmeanymorequestionsaboutthatmatterbecauseIwontanswer.(8)事先没有仔细阅读合同(contract)就签了名是吉姆的错误。(on ones part)ItwasamistakeonJimsparttosignthecontractwithoutreadingitcarefully. (9)他们拒绝向我们提供所需要的全部信息。 (provide with)Theyrefusedtoprovideuswithalltheinformationweneed. (10) (10) 这起事故与三年前发生的一起事故极为相似。(similar to)Thisaccidentisverysimilartotheonethathappenedthreeyearsago. (11)(11)这部影片是根据莎士比亚的戏剧改编的。(base on)ThefilmisbasedonaplaybyShakespeare. (12)如果你的英语和电脑技能都掌握得好，那么你在谋职时就一定比别人更有优势。(have an advantage over)IfyouhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandcomputerskills,youwillsurelyhaveanadvantageoverothersinfindingajob.2. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.EnglishteachingmethodshavechangedalotInrecentyears.However,agreatdealofteachingisstillbasedonbehavioristpsychology.Teacherswhobelieveinbehavioristpsychologyarefondofmakingtheirstudentsrepeatphrasesandmakingthemdoexerciseswheretheycontinuallyhavetochangeonewordinasentence.Ifwewereparrotsorchimpanzees,thesemethodsmightbesuccessful.Butwearenot.Humancommunicationmustberealandmeaningful.近年来英语教学法有了很大改变，但是还是有大量的教学活动建立在行为主义心理学基础之上。那些信奉行为主义心理学理论的教师热衷于让学生复述短语，并迫使学生做一些只需不断更换句中某个词的练习。假如我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，那么这些方法或许能奏效。但是我们不是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，人类的语言交际必须是真实、有意义的。UnittwoEnhanceYourLanguageAwareness WordsinAction 1.Listed in the box below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages.You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.Text A enrollwrapcomplainprotestbeampaniccelebratestubbornText B ambitiousfigurerestlessfrustratedpossessiveenroll登记；注册登记；注册Therewere24peopleenrolledintheFrenchclass.wrap包；裹；缠绕包；裹；缠绕Itwassocoldintheair-conditionedroomthatJanehadto wrap herselfinablanket.complain投诉；抱怨投诉；抱怨Whatareyou complainingabout?Youhavealreadygoteverythingyouwant. protest抗议；反对抗议；反对WhenIturnedofftheTV,allmythreekidsprotested.beam笑；眉开眼笑笑；眉开眼笑Whenthefatherlearnedabouthissonsschoolperformance,hebeamedwithsatisfaction.panic（使）恐慌（使）恐慌Thechildrenpanickedwhentheysawtheseriouslookontheteachersface.celebrate庆祝；举行庆祝；举行HowdopeoplecelebrateNewYearsDayinyourcountry?stubborn顽固的；倔强的顽固的；倔强的Heistoostubborntoadmitthathewaswrong.ambitious有抱负的；有雄心的有抱负的；有雄心的Georgeisveryambitiousabouthisfuturethoughheisjustateenager.figure人像；人形；人影人像；人形；人影Mysonisverygoodatfigures,andheplanstotakeupMathematicsforhismajor. restless 不安静的；焦虑的不安静的；焦虑的Howcanyoukeepyourchildrenathomeforthewholeweek?Ofcourse,theywillgetrestless.frustrated失望的；泄气的失望的；泄气的Hegotveryfrustratedwhenhelearnedthathehadfailedtheexamagain.possessive占有欲强的占有欲强的Beingaverypossessivefather,hefeltveryunhappywhenhelearnedhisdaughterwasgoingtogetmarried.2.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.createconflictinvolveovercomesurviveattendfrownwanderguiltysustainsurveyawkwardrecallinsuranceterrifyadaptcreateconflictinvolveovercomesurvive attendfrownwander参加；出席参加；出席冲突；抵触冲突；抵触牵涉；涉及牵涉；涉及征服；战胜征服；战胜之后还存在之后还存在创作；创建创作；创建 皱眉；蹙额皱眉；蹙额走神；开小差；错乱走神；开小差；错乱 guilty sustainsurveyawkwardrecallinsuranceterrifyadapt有罪的；犯罪的有罪的；犯罪的蒙受；遭受蒙受；遭受纵览；审视纵览；审视尴尬的；为难的尴尬的；为难的回想；回忆起回想；回忆起保险保险使惊恐；恐吓使惊恐；恐吓（使）适应，适合（使）适应，适合(1)Thegovernmentistryinghardto_morejobsforyoungpeople.(2)Shefindsherselfin_withherparentsoverherfuturecareer(职业).(3)Thetrafficaccident_twocarsandonetruck. (4)Thetwopartiesfinally_theirdifferencesonthematterofinterestrate(利率).create conflict involved overcame (5)Somestrangecustoms_fromearliertimes.(6)Pleaseletusknowifyoucan_themeetingscheduled(事先安排)forthecomingThursday.(7)She_ withdispleasureasshewasreadinghersonsschoolreport.(8)Studentsarelikelytolettheirminds_iftheteacherslecturesaredullandboring. have survived attend frowned wander (9)Ialwaysfeelso_aboutnotvisitingmyparentsmoreoften,butIdohavelotsofthingstocopewitheveryday.(10)Thelocalfarmers_ heavylossesduringthefloodseason.(11)Thenextmorningweallwentoutto_thedamagecausedbythefire.(12)Byaskingthatprivatequestion,youveputmeinarather_position.guilty sustained survey awkward (13)Ireallycannot_thedetailsoftheirargument,butIdothinkthatbothofthemwerestubborn.(14)Thesuddenappearanceofatigerfromthewoods_usall.(15)Internationalstudentsarerequiredtocarrymedical_asaconditionofenrollment(注册). (16)_ toanewcultureisnoeasytaskbecausetherearelotsofculturaldifferencestoovercome.recall terrified insurance Adapting 3In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercises. Change the form where necessary.Text A fitinwithcomparewithsettleintosth.ononesowninonesownrightchokebackbesickofinthemidstofwouldgivealot/anything/theworld(todosth.)Text B no wonder stay up grow apart from be scared of be annoyed with for instance in troublefitinwithcomparewithsettleintosth.ononesowninonesownrightchokebackbesickofinthemidstof符合；适合；适应符合；适合；适应 与（与（）作比较）作比较/做对照做对照习惯于（新环境；工作）习惯于（新环境；工作）独立的；无援的独立的；无援的根据自己的能力根据自己的能力/权利权利抑制；强忍住抑制；强忍住感到厌倦；对感到厌倦；对讨厌讨厌在在中间中间wouldgivealot/anything/theworld(todosth.)nowonderstayupgrowapartfrombescaredofbeannoyedwithforinstanceintrouble非常愿意非常愿意不足为怪；十分自然不足为怪；十分自然熬夜熬夜变得有隔阂变得有隔阂惊慌的惊慌的有点生气；恼火的有点生气；恼火的例如例如处于危险，痛苦的境地处于危险，痛苦的境地(1)Theoldman_havingargumentsallthetimewithhiswife. (2)“YoureallycantimaginewhatIhavegonethrough,”Marysaid,_ hertears.(3)_growingupinprimitivesocieties,growingupintodaysworldisinsomewaysharder.(4)WhenIfirst_teachinginthissmalltown,Ifeltveryawkward,formyneighborswantedtoknoweverythingaboutme. was sick of choking back Compared with settled into (5)Theboys_tomeetthatfootballstar. (6)TomrushedintotheroomwhenJaneandIwere_aconversation. (7)Itstruethathisfatherisaworld-famousmoviestar,butJackbecamefamous_.(8)Icannotcarrytheheavybox_;itistooheavyforme.would give anything in the midst of in his own righton my own (9)Atfirsthefounditextremelyhardto_hiscolleaguesatthenewcompany.(10)WhenIwasinmyteens,Igradually_myparents,onlytorealizehowwrongIwasinmylateryears. (11)Imsorrytohearthatyouresufferingfromaseverecold._youdidnotturnupatthepartyyesterday.(12)Itisnotahealthyhabit_ toolate. fit in with grew apart from No wonder staying up (13)I_mymotherstightcontrolovermeandendedupshoutingatheroneday.(14)Theboy_ hismotherbecauseshewouldalwaysscold(责怪)himifhedidanythingwrong.(15)Becauseofmycarelessness,Isoonfoundmyself_againandthenIrealizedthatwhatmymotherhadsaidwasright.was annoyed with was scared of in trouble (16)Heisnotaveryresponsibleperson._,hepromisedtocometoourmeeting,butneverevenrespondedwhenweinvitedhim. For instance Cloze 1.Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit . The initial letter of each is given.WhenIwasachild,Iwasreallyproudofhavingafatherwhowasawell-respecteddoctor.I_(1)whenevermyteacherssaidthatIwassettobecomean_(2)manlikemyfather.However,allthischangedwhenIgrewintoateenager.Ifelt_(3)thateverybodyaroundmeonlyrememberedmeasDr.Songsson.I_(4)andtoldthemthatIwouldprefertostandonmyowntwofeet. beamedhonorable awkward protested However,my_(5)werenevertakenseriouslyandIcontinuedtohear_(6)aboutme,whichwerereallymeantformyfather.Ithengrewvery_(7)andevenrefusedtocallmyfather“Dad”.Althoughmyfather_(8)wheneverIcalledhim“LaoSong”,myattitudetowardshim,asInow_(9),didnotchangeuntilIhadacaraccidentoneday.Ihitayoungmanscarand_(10)ashethreatenedtobeatmeupwhenItoldhimIhadnocar_(11). complaints compliments stubborn frowned recall panicked insurance WhenIgotoffmycarand_(12)thedamage,Icouldnothelp_(13).Outoffear,Itoldhim“ImDr.Songsson.”Atthis,asignof_(14)lituphisface;hesmiledandforgaveme.WhatcouldhavebeenaverydifficultsituationturnedouttobefinejustbecauseIwasDr.Songsson.HowthankfulIfelttowardsmyfather. surveyed groaning recognition Translation 1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.(1)很多老师不赞同这种做法。(frown on) Manyteachersfrownedonthispractice. (2)当我想从草地上穿过去的时候，有位老人在旁边怒视着我。 (glare at)AnoldmanglaredatmewhenIwastryingtocutacrossthelawn. (3)当我提到我的父亲时,她的脸上露出了认出我的笑 容。(recognition)WhenImentionedmyfather,sheshowedasmileofrecognitiononherface. (4) 我的大孩子比较听话, 而小的那个非常倔。 我现在还常回想起小的孩子在中学毕业后是如何执意要出国读书的。 (whereas, stubborn, recall) Myfirstbornwasquiteobedient,whereasmyyoungerchildwasverystubborn.Icanstillrecallnowhowtheyoungerchildinsistedongoingabroadtostudyafterhefinishedhissecondaryschool. (5) 当海啸(tsunami)袭来时，许多东南亚国家遭受了 巨大的损失。(sustain) CountriesinSouthEastAsiasustainedgreatlosseswhenthetsunamistruckthearea.(6) 每当做母亲的拿弟弟跟哥哥做比较，弟弟就要抗议。 （compare with, protest）Everytimethemothertriestocomparetheyoungerbrotherwithhiselderbrother,theyoungeronewillprotest. (7) 当他初到这个新学校的时候，发现自己与其他同学 格格不入。(fit in with) Hefoundhimselfunabletofitinwithhisclassmateswhenhefirstcametothisschool. (8) 她脸上气急败坏的表情实在把我吓坏了。我再也不 敢说个不字。(terrify)Thefuryonherfaceterrifiedme.Idarednotsaynotoheragain. (9) 怪不得你最后闯出祸来，原来你从来不听你父母的 管教。(no wonder, end up in trouble)Nowonderyouendedupintrouble.Youneverfollowedyourparentsadvice. (10) 他花了整整两年的时间才慢慢适应了这个新环境。 (adapt to) Ittookhimtwoyearstoadapttothenewenvironment. 2. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.MyparentsmovedtoVermontwhenIwasstillaninfantandmyfather,asoft-spokenman,settledquietlyintohismedicalpracticeinasmalltownthere.HesoonwontherespectofthelocalpeopleandeverywhereIwent,IwasknownasDoctorEmploysson”.Atfirst,IwasdelightedasIwaswelltreatedbymyclassmatesandteachersbecauseIhadarespectedfather.However,thingssoonchangedwhenIgrewup.IgottiredofbeingfollowedbymyfathersgoodnameandIwantedindependence.Ibecameverystubbornandrebelliousandstartedtocallmyfatherbyhisfirstname,whichhurthimagreatdeal.Oneday,however,somethinghappenedthatchangedmyattitudecompletely. 我还是个婴儿的时候, 我的父母亲搬到了佛蒙特州。我那温文而雅的父亲在那儿的一个小镇上毫不张扬地开业行医了。很快，他就赢得了当地人对他的尊敬。我每到一处,也被人尊称为埃普利医生的儿子。一开始我很高兴同学和老师们因为我有一个受人尊敬的父亲而善待我.但随着我的长大,事情起了变化。我开始讨厌父亲的好名声像影子一样跟着我。我要独立。我变得顽固倔强又反叛，还开始对我父亲直呼其名，令他伤透了心。 但有一天，发生了一件事令我的态度彻底改变了。 UnitThereEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction 1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.Text A behaverevealhandleinfluenceentertaininheritaffectsatisfy Text B restrictconfront seekisolatesensitiveoptimisticselfishbehaverevealhandleinfluenceentertaininheritaffectsatisfy举动；表现展现；举动对付；控制影响；作用使快乐；使有乐趣经遗传得到（体格；特质）影响使满意；满足restrictconfrontseekisolatesensitiveoptimisticselfish限制；约束面临；遇到寻求；探索使隔离易生气的；敏感的乐观的自私的(1)Thefilm_thecomplicatedsocialrelationsduringthe1970s.(2)Hismothercriticizedhimfor_ badlytowardstheguest.(3)Heisacompetentdoctorandcan_hispatients veryefficiently.(4)Histeachingshave_thelivesofmillions.(5)OK,Ivedoneeverythingyouasked.Nowareyou_?reveals behaving handle influenced satisfied (6)Itwasnotaveryinterestingplayandfailedto_theaudience.(7)Ifhedieswithoutmakingawill(遗嘱),hisclosestrelativewill_thehouse.(8)Whateveryousaywillnot_ mydecision;soitsnousearguingwithme. (9)Thewholeworldisnow_withtheproblemofterrorism(恐怖主义).entertain inherit affect confronted (10)Toovercometheirproblemsandmakemoremoney,they_ newwaystoexpandtheirbusiness.(11)Sincehehadcaughtthisdangerousdisease,hewassoon_fromtheotherpatients.(12)Sincewehaveonlytwoprofessorsofpsychology,wehaveto_thenumberofstudentsonthiscourse.sought isolated restrict (13)Thoughsheansweredallthequestions,shewasnot_abouttheresultoftheexam.(14)Dontbeso_;letusshareyourbooks.(15)Dontmentionthatshehasputonweight;sheisrather_ aboutit.optimistic selfish sensitive 2In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the propercontext? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.Text A respondtohaveanimpactonsumupingeneralfallintoatworkText B incontrol(ofsth.)ingood/bad/poor,etc.shapefreefrom shutoffrespondtohaveanimpactonsumupingeneralfallintoatworkincontrol(ofsth.)回答；有反应对有影响总结；归纳；概括大体上；一般而言分成在工作中；在干活掌管 ingood/bad/poor,etc.shape freefromshutoff处于好/不佳状况不受影响,摆脱隔离；使隔绝(1)ThechairmanoftheScienceClub_themeetingbyrepeatingthemainpointsdiscussed.(2)Wehopethatourresearch(研究)will_ theenvironment,especiallythequalityofairincities.(3)IknowyouarestillangrywithJohnbutpleasebepolitewhenyou_ hisquestions.summed up have an impact on respond to (4)_,thepeopleinBeijingarewarmandfriendlyandthefoodisgood,too.(5)Mylecturetoday_threesections.(6)Pleasedontmakeanynoise;theteachersare_.(7)Duringtheexaminationperiod,Iwouldliketo_fromeverythingandjustfocusonmystudies.In general falls into at work shut myself off (8)IdidsobadlyinmylasttwoteststhatIfeelIamnolonger_ mystudies.(9)Iwanttoliveahappylife,_problemsandworries,butitisjustsodifficult.(10)Unlessyouare_physically,youwillnotbeabletoclimbtheGreatWall.in control of free from in good shape 3.The underlined words in the short text below are incorrectly used. Read the text carefully and replace each of them with a word given in the box. The first correct answer is already given.opportunitydominatecombinationcompanyrestrictseekspecificvarygrowthexpandhigh-achieverKathyisa(1)combination.Notonlyisshegoodinherstudies,sheisalsoatopswimmerandsomeonewhoplaysthepianowell.The(2)growthofhertalents,instudyandinsports,makesherapopularstudentinschool.Althoughsheisalreadysogood,shestilltriesto(3)varywaystoimproveherself.One(4)individualexampleisthatshereadsallkindsofbooksanddoesnot(5)dominateherselftoonlyonetype.Thetopicsofherbooks(6)spreadfromsocialsubjectssuchashealth,education,andenvironmenttoscienceandtechnology.Kathythinksthatreadingcan(7) restrictherknowledgeandhelpheralotinher(8)opportunityasagoodindividual.Sheispersistentandnevergetstiredoflearning.Intermsofpersonality,Kathyiskindandhelpful.Sheisnotproudatall;nordoessheisolateherself.Infact,shelikesthe(9)elementofherfriendsandoftengoesoutwiththemtowatchamovieorjusttobewiththem.Whentalkingtoherfriends,Kathydoesnot(10)seektheconversation.Instead,everyonehasanequal(11)availabilitytospeak.Whenanyofherfriendshasaproblem,whetheritisacademicoremotional,shewilldefinitelyhelpthem.Inshort,Kathyisapleasantandpositiveperson. (1)high-achiever(2)_(3) _(4) _(5) _(6) _(7) _(8) _(9) _ (10) _(11) _combination seek specific restrict vary expand growth company dominate opportunity Cloze1.Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.Whenapersonisborn,he/shehasasetofpersonalitiesthatmakehimdifferentfromothers.Psychologistsbelievethatcolorsaresometimesagoodwayto_howapersonbehavesandthewayhe/she_tothingsthatarehappeningtohim/her.Theycanalso_personalitytraits. indicate responds represent/reflect Nonetheless,wecannotbe_sureaboutapersonscharacteristicsbyjustlookingathis/her_forcertaincolors.Therefore,weshouldnotbe_andcriticaltowardsapersonjustbecausehe/shelikesa_colorthatdoesnotrepresentsomepositive_orcharacteristics.Psychologistsalsobelievethateveryonecandeveloporchangehis/herpersonality.Forexample,ifan_wantstocorrecthis/hernegativetraitssuchashis/her_behavior, absolutely preference harsh specific traits individual immature he/shehastomakean_todoso.He/Shehastobe_andkeepworkinghardtoensurethathe/shecan_his/hergoal.Therefore,ifapersonisdetermined,he/shecanchangethetraitshe/she_fromhis/herparents.Theimportantthingistochangeforthebetterandnotfortheworse.effort persistent achieve inheritsTranslation 1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.(1)威廉非常喜欢那女孩子,所以他尽力讨好她，并且很 有信心可以赢得她的心。(impress；optimistic)Williamlikesthegirlalotsohetriesveryhardtoimpressherandisoptimisticthathewillwinherheart. (2)他有创造性，对未来也有很好的判断力, 可就是喜欢秘而不宣。(creative; vision; keep sth. to oneself)Heisverycreativeandhasagoodvisionofthefuture,buthelikestokeepthingstohimself. (3)他们来自一个贫穷的小山村，那里的人们远离现代 文明。(shut off)Theycamefromapoorvillagewherepeoplewereshutofffrommoderncivilization. (4)我们要努力工作，争取达到我们所订下的目标。 (achieve the goals; make an/the effort) Wemustworkhardandmakeanefforttoachievethegoalsthatwehaveset. (5) 我们应该满足于我们所拥有的一切, 不该对周围的 事情过分吹毛求疵。(be content with; critical)Weshouldlearntobecontentwithallthatwehaveandshouldnotbetoocriticalaboutthingsaroundus. (6)他们经常代表学校参加辩论比赛; 今晚我们将聚会庆 祝他们的成功。(represent; throw a party)Theyoftenrepresentourschoolindebatingcompetitions;tonightwewillthrowapartytocelebratetheirsuccess.(7)通过读书,他不仅开阔了视野，而且学会了不断完善 自己的人格。(expand ones horizons；improve).Throughreading,notonlyhasheexpandedhishorizon,hehasalsolearnedtokeepimprovinghischaracter.(8) 为把那个女孩从火中救出，两名警察牺牲了他们的 生命。(sacrifice)Twopolicemensacrificedtheirlivesinordertosavethatgirlfromthefire.(9) 稳定的无冲突的夫妻关系对家庭中的孩子有好处。 (stable, conflict)Astablerelationshipwithoutconflictsbetweenhusbandandwifebenefitsthechildreninthefamily.2.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Therearemanytheoriesofpersonalitybutthereisnonethatisrightorwrong.Theviewsofpsychologistsvary.Therefore,itisnoteasytosaythatapersonismentallyillunlesshe/sheshowsveryclearindicators.OnethingPsychologistsmayagreeonaboutmentalillnessesIsthatmostpeoplebecomeemotionallyormentallysickasaresultofstress.Thatiswhyitisimportantforeveryonetofindwaystorelaxandhavefun. 虽然有许多关于性格的理论，但是任何一个都没有绝对地对错之分，因为每个心理学家对性格的观点都有所不同。所以,除非某个人已有明显的症状，否则很难断定这个人患有精神疾病。心理学家普遍认可绝大多数人是因为过度的压力才引起情感和精神上的疾病。所以重要的是人们要去寻找可以让自己放松、开心的方法。UnitfourEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWords in Action 1.Listed in the box below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.Text A smashspillexplanation inspire crash Text B stateavailabledependentunfortunatemutuallysmash(1)Theyweresmashingwindowswhenthepolicearrived.spill(2)70,000tonsofoilspilledfromthetanker(油轮)andtheseawaspolluted.explanation(3)Shevolunteeredtowriteanexplanationofhowthenewcomputersystemworks.打碎；打破使溢出；使溅出解释；说明inspire(4)Thebookwasinspiredbythegooddeeds(事迹)ofarealperson.crash(5)Itwasblowinghardandverysoonthetreeinfrontofmyhousefellwithagreatcrash.state(6)Thepolicereportstatedthathewasoncearrestedfortheft.产生；激起使猛撞；使撞毁说明；阐述available(7)TheDean(系主任)isnotavailableatthemoment,butyoumaycallbackinanhour.dependent(8)Uptotwomillionpeopletherearedependentonfoodaid.unfortunate(9)ItwasmostunfortunatethatImissedthechancetobeinterviewedbythecompanydirector.可获得；可用依靠；依赖可叹的；不幸的mutually(10)Canwefindamutuallyconvenienttimeforustomeet?相互地；彼此地2. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.arrangeresembleexclaimrequirevolunteerarousecrack appreciatepreciousdelicateinterviewmiraclevictimexpectarrangeresembleexclaimrequirevolunteerarousecrackappreciate安排；整理类似；相似呼喊；大声说需要自动提供；自愿服务引起；激起（使）破裂；裂开感激；欣赏preciousdelicateinterviewmiraclevictimexpect宝贵的；贵重的柔软的；纤细的进行面谈；面试奇迹；奇事受害者；受灾者期望；预料(1)LittleMary_indelightwhenshesawsomanypresentsfromhercousin.(2)CanI_anappointmentwithyouforMonday?(3)Hisrevolutionaryworkinlinguistics(语言学)has_intensescholarlyinterest.(4)Maggie_hermotherinappearancebutnotincharacter.exclaimed arrange aroused resembles (5)AuntMary_tocleanupthekitchenafterthefamilygathering.(6)Id_itifyouwouldturntheradiodown.(7)Thesituation_thatwemakeanimmediatedecision.(8)Hisvoice_withemotionwhenheheardthestory.volunteered appreciate requires cracked (9)Itisa_thatalittlegirlofsixbythenameofMarysurvivedtheaircrash.(10)Fourpeoplewerekilledinthefire,butthepolicehavenotyetnamedthe_.(11)Mytimeis_,Icanonlygiveyouafewminutes (12)Becareful!Thosepreciousglassesarevery_andshouldbehandledwithcare.miracle victims precious delicate (13)Weareall_totakecareofouragingparentsatallcosts.(14)Youhavepassedthewrittenexaminationsuccessfully,butyouneedtobe_beforewecandecideifwecanacceptyou.expected interviewed 3Intheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.Text A in touch with no sooner than leave off get through go with take over move in make sure no way put sth. togetherText B arrange for look forward to in poverty in advancein contrast in the hands of sb. take onintouchwithnosoonerthanleaveoffgetthroughgowithtakeovermoveinmakesure与有联系一就停止；戒除（设法）做到或完成相配；协调接手；接管搬进确保；确实nowayputsth.togetherarrangeforlookforwardtoinpovertyinadvanceincontrast不；不行装配；组装筹划；安排期望；等待在贫穷中；在贫困中预先；前提对比；对照inthehandsofsb.takeon掌管；控制接受；承担(1)Imfeelingtootiredtodriveanylonger;willyou_?(2)Ithinkyoucan_thefirsttwochapterswithinanhourasyouareafastreader. (3)Itisfarbeyondmyimagination.Theres_Imagreeingtothis! (4)_makingthatnoise!CantyouseeImtryingtowork? take over get through no way Leave off (5)Hetookitapartpiecebypiece,and_back_again. (6)SincegraduationIhaventreallykept_peopleIknewatschool.(7)_hadhesatdown_hefounditwastimetogo. (8)Toreserveaplaceforthegame,youneedtopay$100_. put it together in touch with No sooner than in advance (9)Sinceyouremybestfriend,mymothersaysshes_meetingyou. (10)Thecompanywill_ataxitomeetyouattheairport.(11)Theiroldhousehadbeenlargeandspacious;_,thenewLondonflatseemed(狭窄的)crampedanddark. (12)Whenthelittlechildsparentsdiedoneafteranother,myuncle_theresponsibilityoftakingcareofthechild.looking forward to arrange for in contrast took on (13)He_towarnthedriverthattheroadswereflooded. (14)Weveboughtournewhousebutwecannot_tilltheendofthismonth.(15)UnlessIgetasatisfactoryresponsefromyouwithinamonthIshallputthismatter_mylawyer.(16)Iwanttobuyanecklaceofpearlsto_thisnewdress. made sure move in In the hands of go with (17)Peopleinthatremote(偏僻的)areamostlylive_. in poverty Cloze 1.Complete the following passage with words chosen from both Text A and Text B. The initial letter of each of the words to be filled in is given.ManyyearsagoMargaretlivedwithherparentsandthreebrothersinapoorfarmhouseinamountainousarea.Lifewasnoteasyforthefamily.Theparentshadtoworkveryhardtomakeendsmeet.One_(1)afternooninJanuary,Margaretsfathercamehomeratherlate. chilly No_(2)hadhesteppedinsidethehouse_(3)hehandedMargaretabox:“Margaret!Openit.”Margaretopenedtheboxand_(4)instantly:“Adoll!Whatalovelydoll!”Thedollwasincotton_(5),trimmedwithrowsandrowsofbeautifuland_(6)lace,andherarmsandlegscouldbendatthe_(7). sooner than exclaimed fabric delicate joints Margaretlovedthisdollsomuch_(8)sheplayedwithherallthetime.Itwasalmosta_(9)forMargaretsparentstogetthisbirthdaygiftfortheirdaughter.Theymusthave_(10)alot.Uptothisdaythisdollhasalwaysbeen_(11)possessiontoMargaret,becauseitisalwaysanicememoryofwhat_(12)parentsshehashad. that miracle sacrificed precious loving Translation 1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.(1)我们一知道成绩就互相联系吧! (get in touch, as soon as)Letsgetintouchassoonasweknowtheresultsofthetest/exam.(2)那音乐激起他强烈的思乡之情。 (arouse)Themusicarousedanintensefeelingofhomesicknessinhim. (3)你已工作一个上午了，该休息一下了。(deserve)Youvebeenworkingallmorningyoudeservearestnow.(4)我刚躺下，电话铃就响了。(no sooner than)Ihadnosoonerlaindownthanthetelephonerang.Or:NosoonerhadIlaindownthanthetelephonerang. (5)医生说我疲劳过度，劝我不要再接受更多的工作。 (take on)MydoctorsaysImtootiredandhasadvisedmenottotakeonanymorework.(6)珍妮自愿负责聚会后的清洁打扫工作。 (volunteer)Jennyvolunteeredtoclearupafterthegathering. (7)演讲的题目提前一个星期宣布，但是演讲者的名字 不会提前告知。(in advance)Thesubjectofthetalkisannouncedaweekinadvance,butthenameofthespeakerisnot. (8)你的考试成绩没有达到所要求的标准，换句话说， 你考试不及格。(in other words)Yourperformanceintheexamdidnotreachtherequiredstandardinotherwords,youfailed. (9)她病得很厉害，必须停止工作。(leave off) Shewassoillthatshehadtoleaveoffwork.(10)现在没办法知道结果会怎样，案子的决定权在法官手里，我们所能做的就是等待。(in the hands of) Thereisnowaytotellwhatisgoingtohappen.Thecaseisinthehandsofthejudge,andallwecoulddois(to)wait.2. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.Whenpeoplebecomeveryold,likegrandparentsorgreat-grandparents,theyaresometimesunabletotakecareofthemselves.Theybecomeill,ortheyfalldownandbreakahip,ormaybetheyjustcantrememberhowtoputtheirpyjamason.Sometimestheyarestillhealthybuttheyarelivingaloneandbecomeverylonely.Afamilymaythengettogetheranddecideifitwouldbebetterfortheiragingrelativetoliveinaplacewherehe/shewillreceivegoodcareinahomefortheaged. 当人们变得很老时，像祖父母或曾祖父母那样，他们有时不再能够照顾自己。他们会生病，或者摔倒而折断股骨，或者他们根本都不记得该如何穿睡衣。有时候虽然有些老人看起来还健康，但是因为他们自己独居，所以觉得很孤单。这时候全家人要碰个头，商讨一下让他们日渐衰老的家人去养老院去居住是否是一个较好的办法，因为在那里他们可以得到更好的照顾。UnitfiveEnhanceYourLanguageAwareness Words in Action 1.Listed in the box below are some words in this unit that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.Text A gatherrecentease inquiryText B concernobstaclestirgratefulgatherWhenwefinallycompletedourcourses,allmyclassmatesgatheredtogethertocelebrate.recentIhavealwayswantedtobeapsychologist,butarecentincidentchangedmymind.easeItisnotdifficultatall.Youcangetitdonewithease.采集；收割最近；不久前使安心inquiryTobeagoodresearchstudent,youmusthaveamindforinquiry.concernIcouldseehergenuineconcernformyhealthandIwasdeeplytouched.obstacleThebosssfearofchangebecomesanobstacletotheprogressoftheorganization.查询；请求担心，使挂念妨碍；阻碍stirPleasekeepstirringtheoiltostopitfromgettingfrozen.gratefulIammostgratefultoyouforallthehelpyouhaveofferedus.搅动；搅拌表示感谢的2. Below are some of the words you have learned from the two texts in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Be sure to change the form of the word where necessary.Text A occur disturb soak senior optionText B depress matter define navigate toss occurdisturbsoaksenioroption发生使焦虑；使烦恼渗透；渗入毕业班的选择的depressmatterdefinenavigatetoss使消沉重要；紧要给什么下定义导航摇晃(1)Whatwastheresultofthematch?The_studentsdefeatedthejuniorstudentsby3-1. (2)ThepowersofthePresidentareclearly_intheconstitution(宪法). (3)Parentsshouldreallytakeextracareoftheirbabiesasmanyaccidentsactually_athome. (4)Thegovernmenthastwo_;toreducespendingortoincreasetaxes. senior defined occur options (5)What_usmostwasthathedidnotevensaysorryforhisabsencefromsuchanimportantmeeting. (6)BeforeIwashmyclothes,Iusually_theminwaterforatleastonehour. (7)Theyfinally_acointodecidewhoshouldgoandgetsomeflowersfortheeveningparty.disturbed soak tossed (8)Iwilldriveifyouwillholdthemapand_.(9)Althoughheisnowasuccessfulscientist,hesayswhatreally_tohimishisfamily. (10)Dontfeelso_overyourexamscores.Itwassuchatoughexam. navigate matters depressed 3. In this unit, you have learned some new expressions, which are listed in the box below. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Be sure to change the form where necessary.Text A turnouttakesb.bysurprisebecome/beacquaintedwithhem/humandhawgatheronesthoughtsturnintoText B lightupinspiteofinrealityhangupturnouttakesb.bysurprisebecome/beacquaintedwithhem/humandhawgatheronesthoughts结果；原来使惊奇对熟悉支吾其词；吞吞吐吐反省；集思冥想turnintolightupinspiteofinrealityhangup原来是；证明是照亮；使生辉虽然；不顾实际上挂断电话(1)Injustafewdayshe_allhisnewclassmates.(2)Janehaslockedherselfupinherroomforthewholeday.She_whenshecameoutwithherhairdyedred. (3)Letssitdownquietlyand_firstbeforethediscussion. (4)Tomysurprise,thestranger_tobeanoldfriendofmymothers.became well acquainted withtook us by surprise gather our thoughts turned out (5)“Itsabadline;_andIwillcallyouback.” (6)Hemayappearabitrude,but_,heisaverykind-heartedperson. (7)_thefactthatherhusbandsmokesanddrinksalot,Janestillloveshimverymuch. (8)Whensheheardthegoodnews,abigsmile_herface. hang up in realityIn spite of lit up (9)WhenIaskedhimhowhewasdoing,he_beforetellingmethathehadjustlosthisjob. (10)Onceaveryshyboyfromasmallmountainousvillage,he_acompetentengineerinamatterofsixyears.hemmed and hawed turned into Cloze 1.Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.MymotherandIalwaysenjoyedourchattogetherunderapinetreeinthepark.Atour_(1)meeting,however,herpalefacetookmeby_(2).Iaskedherwhatwaswrong,andher_(3)lookandsilencemademebelievethatshewas_(4)somethingbadfromme.Apparently,somethingseriouswas_(5)her. recent surprise sad keeping disturbing Atfirst,sheremainedsilent.Finally,aftermypersistent_(6),shecouldnotholditanylongerand_(7)tomethatShehadaveryseriousheartdisease.Itsuddenly_(8)tomethatthreeyearsago,shehadheart_(9)butherconditiondidnotimproveafterwardsandnowtherewerehardlyany_(10)left. inquiries admitted occurred surgery options Ireachedoverandwrappedmyarms_(11)aroundmymotherandcried.AswesattherethatcoolAprilafternoon_(12)upthesunandsmellingthefresh_(13)ofthegrass,IhadonewishinmyheartthatIcouldhavemore_(14)withmymotherinthedaystocome. tightly soaking scent gatherings Translation 1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.(1)我们是好朋友，可他居然将这么大的一件事瞒着我，实在令我吃惊。（keepsth.from,takesb.bysurprise）Wearegoodfriends;however,hekeptsuchanimportantmatterfromme,whichtookmebysurprise.(2)考试得不得一百分不要紧。重要的是别失去自信心。（matter,loseconfidencein） Itdoesntmatterifyoucannotgetfullmarksfortheexam;whatmattersisnottoloseconfidenceinyourself. (3)昨天晚上他和我聊天，并安慰我说，这种病并不难治，还没人死于这种病。（chatwith,assure，dieof） Hechattedwithmelastnightandreassuredmethatthediseasewasnothardtocureandthatnobodyhadeverdiedofit. (4)她决心用钢铁般的意志来克服生活中的种种障碍。 （determined, a will of iron, obstacle Shewasdeterminedtoovercomealltheobstaclesinherlifewithawillofiron. (5)事实是他早就收到我的钱了，却有意不给我回条确认。 这实在让我气坏了。（turn out, acknowledge, drive sb. crazy）Itturnedoutthathehadalreadyreceivedmymoney,butdidnotacknowledgethereceiptofitonpurpose.Thisreallydrovemecrazy. (6)他是个害羞和沉静的男孩，在走上讲台叙述自己的经 历之前，他悄悄地坐在礼堂的一角集思冥想。 （gather ones thoughts）Heisashyandsilentboy.Beforehewentontothestagetosharehisexperiences,hesatquietlyinacorneroftheauditorium,gatheringhisthoughts. (7)他当场承认他要出国留学，因为他相信国外的教育 会给他将来的研究工作打开大门。(admit, spot, open doors/the door to)Headmittedonthespotthathewouldgooverseasforfurtherstudyashebelievedoverseaseducationwouldopenthedoortohisfutureresearch. (8)看到自己的侄女几年内就长成了一个美丽的姑娘， 玛丽的叔叔的脸上满是笑容。（turn into, light up）Marysunclesfacelitupwhenhesawhisniecehadturnedintoaprettyyoungladyinjustafewyears. 2. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.MygrandmawasveryhappytoseethatIhadturnedintoastrongyoungmanwhenIwentbacktovisither.Wechattedandrecalledsomeeventsfrommychildhood.Halfwaythrough,mygrandmasighedandsaid,“MaybeIllneverbeabletoseeyouagain.”Igotashockandgavehermyarched-eyebrowinquiries,notknowingwhatmadehersaysomethingsodisturbing.Wesatinsilenceforawhileandmygrandmaseyesfilledwithtears.Shefinallytoldmethatthedoctorsaidshehadaseriousheartproblemandshehadalreadysufferedafewattacks.Inspiteofcontinuoustreatment,herconditionhadnotimprovedyet.Iblamedmygrandmaforkeepingthebadnewsfrommeandtoldherthattheremustbeoptions.Sheshookherhead.Ireachedoverandtightenedmyarmsaroundher,wishingthatwecouldhavemoretimetogether. 我回去看我外婆的时候,她非常高兴地看到我已长成一个健壮的小伙子。我们一起聊天，回忆我小时候的一些事情。谈到一半的时候，外婆突然叹了一口气说，“大概以后再也见不到你了。”她的话使我震惊得拱起了眉头，不明白她为什么说出这么令人不安的话来。我们静静地坐了一会儿，外婆的眼里噙满泪水。她终于告诉我说，医生诊断出她得了严重的心脏病，已经发作了好几次，也一直在治疗，但情况一点也没有进展。我怪外婆一直把这坏消息瞒着我，并告诉她一定会有办法医治的，她却摇头否认。我伸出双臂抱着外婆，多么希望我们能在一起度过更多的时间。 UnitsixEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWords in Action 1.Listed in the box below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.decoratescolddefendinterruptembraceancientdullminor supplysatisfactorymereobviouslydecorateEveryyearbeforeChristmas,wedecorateourhousewithcolorfullights.scoldMotherscoldedJohnfornottakinggoodcareofhisyoungerbrotherwhenshewentout.defendWhenIwasattacked,Iquicklypickedupasticktodefendmyself.装饰，布置责骂保护,为辩护interruptPleasedontinterruptwaituntilIhavefinishedwhatIhavetosay.embraceThemotherembracedhersonwarmlyassoonashecamein.ancientPaper,printing,thecompass,andgunpowderarecelebratedinChinesecultureastheFourGreatInventionsofancientChina.打断谈话；中断行动抱，拥抱古代的dullIdontunderstandwhyayoungandprettygirllikeherisalwayswearingdressesofsuchadullcolures.minorYouhavewrittenaverygoodpaper.Ionlymadeafewminorchanges.supplyWesupplyfreetextbooksforschoolchildreninthecountryside.乏味的；无聊的低级的；次要的,小的供应；提供某物satisfactoryThemerepresenceofapolicemanmadethethiefnervousandheturnedtorunaway.mereTheywerediscussingalltheoptions,butfoundnoneofthemwasentirelysatisfactory.obviouslyRichardswasobviouslydisappointedatbeingleftoutoftheteam.符合要求的；适合的仅仅；只不过明显的；显而易见的2In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.Text A permissionmotiondeliverreleasemiserablerentpress enthusiasmexplode Text B requestnecessitybarelykneelpolicypermissionmotiondeliverreleasemiserablerentpressenthusiasm许可；批准动作；姿势传递；传送释放；放出痛苦的租用压；挤热情；热心exploderequestnecessitybarelykneelpolicy打发雷霆；勃然大怒要求；请求需要；必要勉强的；刚刚跪着；跪下政策；方针(1)Thehomeaddresswasincomplete,sothelettercouldnotbe_. (2)Hisfatherwasfinally_afterhewasproventobeinnocent(无辜的),buthehadalreadyspenttenyearsinprison. (3)Didhegiveyou_tousehiscomputer? (4)Allroomsinthisbuildingare_tostudentsbecauseitisclosetotheiruniversity. delivered released permission rented (5)Whensherecalledher_ daysduringthewar,mymotherwouldcrybitterly.(6)WhenItoldGeorgethatMaggiehadrefusedtohelp,he_andwalkedoutwithoutsayinganything.(7)She_herdresssmoothusingahotiron.(8)Witha_ofhishand,heurgedustofollowhim. miserable exploded pressed motion (9)Whenshesawatigerapproaching,Ninawassohorrifiedthatshecould_cryoutforhelp.(10)Assoonassheacceptedthejob,Janetstartedworkingwithgreat_.(11)Shefeltsocoldthatshe_downinfrontofthefiretowarmherself.(12)Asthemeetingisofgreatimportance,itisour_thatyoushouldbethere. barely enthusiasm knelt request (13)Itisagainsttheschools_forboystostayinthegirlsdormitorytoolateatnight.(14)Thefamilyissopoorthatitcannotevenaffordthedaily_.policy necessities 3.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.TextA breakdown gowrong intimeononeswaytobyoneselfTextBsetthestagefor indisbelief pleadfor makefunof setoutforbreakdowngowrongintimeononeswaytobyoneselfsetthestagefor停止运行走错了路；弄错和着拍子去的途中单独的；独自的为做准备,孕育indisbeliefmakefunofsetoutfor不信；怀疑操弄；取笑出发；着手做某事(1)Sheisaveryresponsiblelady;withherincharge,Iamsurenothingwill_. (2)Wewerehalfwayonourjourneywhenourcar_.(3)IhavelostmywatchandIamquitecertainIlostit_ thecomputerroom.(4)Thechildisveryindependent.Hewantstomakeallimportantdecisions_. go wrongbroke down on my way to by himself (5)Thislittlegirlisadancinggenius;shecoulddance_tothemusicasyoungasthreeyearsold. (6)Theconflictsbetweenthetwocountrieswill_anotherwar. (7)Wheneverythingwasready,they_theso-calledmagiccavetoseektreasures.(8)Dont_himinpublic.Hewillfeelembarrassedandhurt.” in time set the stage for set out for make fun of (9)Theoldwoman_ mercy(宽容)whensherealizedthatthemanwasgoingtokillher.(10)Whenthecommitteetoldherthatshehadwontheaward,shelookedateverybodypresent_. pleaded for in disbelief Cloze 1.Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.ItwasarainyChristmasEvewhenwesetouttodeliversomeChristmasgiftstoJohn,myclassmate.Johnsfamilywastoopoortoaffordhisschool_(1).Mydaughtertoldtheotherkidsatschoolmade_(2)ofhimbecausehedressedinshabbyclothes.Sheasked_(3)frommetoshareherstationerywithJohnandIdidmorethanthat.Itobuysomedaily_(4)forJohnsfamily. supplies fun permission necessities Johnsneighborhoodlookedprettymuch_(5)andhishomelookedterriblyBaretous.Itwasnot_(6)atallforChristmas.Assoonaswearrived,wewent_(7)intotheirkitchenandlaydownOurgiftsitemby_(8)onthekitchentable.Johnandhisbrotherslooked_(9)withjoy.Hisyoungestbrotherreachedoverand_(10)mydaughterandtoldherthatshemustbeanangel.Wewerealltouchedtotearsbyhiswords.rundown decorated straight item overwhelmed embraced Translation1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.(1)直起身来，脚要跟上音乐拍子。(straighten up, keep time to)Straightenup!Yourfeetshouldkeeptimetotherhythmofthemusic. (2) 她将一张纸条悄悄地塞在了他的手中。他看了以后很不高兴，以为她在取笑他（slip into, make fun of）Sheslippedanoteintohishand.Hewasveryunhappyafterreadingit,ashethoughtthatshewasmakingfunofhim. (3) 小偷被抓住时，求我们饶恕他。他说他偷食物是因 为他的妈妈快饿死了,家里几乎一点吃的都没有了。 （plead, barely） Thethiefpleadedforourmercywhenhewascaught.Hesaidhehadstolenthefoodbecausehismotherwasstarvingtodeathandtherewasbarelyanyfoodleftinthehouse. (4) 既然他们要求更多的电力供应，我们应该满足他们的 需要，减轻他们的压力。 (request, release）Theyhavemadearequestformoreelectricitysupplies,whichweshouldsatisfyinordertoreleasethemfromthepressuretheyareunder.(5) 他们将酒瓶传了一圈，每人喝了一口后，就向森林 深处走去。 （make the rounds，set out for） Theymadetheroundswiththewinebottle;eachtookagulpandthentheysetoutfortheforest. (6) 我的电视机坏了, 我马上在网上订购了一台新的。 网上商店会派人送货上门。（break down, deliver）MyTVsetbrokedown;Ihaveorderedanewoneonlineandtheshopisgoingtohaveitdeliveredtothedoor. (7) 他的话令所有的人不快，大家都停止了吃饭。过了一 会儿，大家继续吃饭，但每个人都看上去心事重重。 （resume, weigh on）Hiswordsmadeeveryoneunhappyandstopeating.Afterawhile,theyresumedeating,buttheyalllookedasifsomethingwasweighingontheirminds.(8) 像他这么一个一向温文尔雅的人居然如此粗鲁地打 断我们。我们都无法置信地看着他。 (interrupt，in disbelief）Westaredathimindisbelief,astonishedthatsomeoneasgentleasheiscouldinterruptussorudely. 2. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.LastChristmasEve,wehadabadtripandwhenwecheckedintoashabbyhotelinNice,therewasnoChristmasspiritinourhearts.WhenwewentintoaboringlookingrestaurantforourChristmasdinner,thingsdidnotseemtoimproveabit.However,themiserableeveninginthisdullrestaurantendedupbeingtheverybestChristmasEvewehadeverexperiencedjustbecauseofayoungsailorwhohadChristmasspiritinhissoul.Hereleasedtheloveandjoythathadbeensmotheredwithinusbyangeranddisappointment.HegaveusChristmas.去年圣诞节除夕,我们的旅途诸多不顺。当我们住进尼斯一家肮脏而昏暗的旅馆时,我们的心中已无任何圣诞节的感觉可言。我们进入一家看上去很乏味的饭馆吃饭时,情况一点也没有好转。但是,在这沉闷饭馆中度过的不愉快的夜晚最后却变成我们所度过的最好的圣诞前夜，这一切都是因为那个充满了圣诞精神的美国水手。他将我们心中被愤怒和失望压抑的爱和欢乐释放出来.他带给了我们圣诞节。UnitsevenEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWords in Action 1.Listed in the box below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairsand make sentences with each of them to see if youhave really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.Text A complaintvitaldesertcontactsoundacceptableimpressionText B encounterassistanceblameburdenenduresignificantcomplaintThemorecomplaintsapersonmakes,thelesshappyheorsheis.vitalGoodhealthisvitalforgettingthebestoutoflifeandachievingyourfullpotential.desertHedesertedhiswifeandchildrenandwentabroad.怨言；不满非常重要背弃；遗弃contactHelikestakingtimeofffromhisbusylifeandcomingintocontactwithnature.soundThedoctorsaysthatsheisnotmentallysound.acceptableInmanypartsoftheworlditisnotacceptableandevenillegalforpeopleunder18tosmoke.联系；联络完好的；健全的令人满意的impressionHisspeechmadeadeepimpressiononallofus.encounterIndifferentstagesofourlife,weencounterdifferentkindsofproblems.assistanceIfyouneedanyassistance,pleaseletmeknowandIllbemorethanhappytohelp.印象；感想遇到；遭遇帮助；援助blameSomepeopletendto blameothersforwhattheythemselveshavedonewrong.burdenChildrenseducationisbecomingtooheavyaburdenformanyfamiliestobearthesedays.endureIcantendure toseeanimalssufferlikethat.责怪；怪罪担子；负荷忍受；容忍significantDaviswasoneofthemostsignificantmusiciansofthelastcentury.重大的；有意义的2. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.hurttendfacilitateensureblesstremblefailurecuriouslyinventionhurttendfacilitateensurebless使伤心；使心痛有的倾向有助于发生；担保，保证享有,求神赐福tremblefailurecuriouslyinvention颤抖；发抖失败；不成功好奇的；好打听的发明；创造；虚构 (1)Thenewundergroundrailwaywill_thejourneytotheairport.(2)Janet_ togetangryifyoudisagreewithher.(3)ImsorrythatIve_ yourfeelings;Imustapologizetoyou. (4)Thereshouldbeachangeinthelawthatwill_fairtreatmentforpeopleofallraces.facilitate tends hurt ensure (5)Thoughsheisoverseventy,sheis_withexcellenthealth. (6)Theoldwomanwashurtsodeeplybywhathissonhadsaidthatshe_withrage. (7)Sinceitwashisfirsttimetoseeaforeigner,thelittleboywatchedtheAmericanvisitor_.blessed trembled curiously (8)Hethoughthehadworkedoutagoodplanbutitendedin_. (9)Thewholestoryisnothingbut_;Idontbelieveawordofit. failure invention 3In this unit, you have learned some new expressions, which are listed in the box below. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Be sure to change the form where necessary.Text A contributetotakeintoaccountgiverisetoarisefromtakeforgrantedatonesdisposalbynomeanscarryawayinonesviewcomeintoplayresorttoswitchoffText Bdealwithbreezethroughgobytoonessurprisecontributetotakeintoaccountgiverisetoarisefromtakeforgrantedatonesdisposalbynomeanscarryaway起促成作用考虑；注意引起；导致出现；呈现；发生想当然供某人支配决不使忘形；使兴奋inonesviewcomeintoplayresorttoswitchoffdealwithbreezethroughgobytoonessurprise在看来开始起作用采取；求助于不听；不理不睬对付；应付毫不费力的通过逝去；经过令某人惊奇的(1)Aftertakingthetest,manystudentsfoundthatitwasquitedifficult,but_asdifficultastheirteacherhadtoldthem. (2)Althoughmostofuswouldthinkthatmenandwomenareequal,manyofusmaystill_thatwomenshoulddoallthehousework. (3)Foodssuchasvegetablesandfruitarenotveryfatteningandcancertainly_goodhealth. by no means take it for granted contribute to (4)Ifhehadanysparemoney_,hewouldinvitehisgirlfriendoutfordinner.(5)Believeme,Ill_anypossiblemeanstogetthejobdonebytheendofthisweek. (6)Weshould_everybodysviewsbeforemakingourfinaldecision. at his disposal resort to take into account (7)Sometimesmisunderstandingsmay_verysmallmatterswhichwemaynotbeawareof,suchasawrongwordorphraseusedinourconversationwithothers. (8)Thedirtykitchenhasnotbeencleanedformonthsandit_variousdiseases. (9)Hejust_whenItriedtotalktohim.arise from has given rise to switched off (10)Ourmanagerhasto_allkindsofcomplaintsthestaffmembersmake.(11)Sheknewhersubjectfromtoptobottomand_theexaminlessthananhour. (12)Severaldays_ beforewefoundthemissingdog. deal with breezed through had gone by (13)_, Iwasgiventhejob,eventhoughIhadsentinmyapplicationratherlate.(14)Ididntintendtobuysomanythings,butonceIstarted,Ijustseemedto_.(15)Wedontknowwhatfactorsmay_whenthesedecisionsaremade.To my surprise be carried away.come into play (16)_itisamerewasteoftimetoplaycomputergames. In my view Cloze 1.Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.“Yourenotlisteningtome!”.“ImayasWellbetalkingtoabrickwall!”“Youjustdontunderstand!”“ButthatsnotwhatIsaid!”Whohasnotheardsuchstatements?Listeningisevidentlya_(1)skillneededincreatingandmaintaininggoodrelationshipsbetweenpeople.Thoughweare_(2)inthisagewithanumberofmodern_(3)inventionswhichhelpto_(4)communication,misunderstandingstilloccursvitalblessedtechnologicalfacilitatepeople.Oneofthemostimportant_(5)behindsuchmisunderstandingisthatpeopleArepoorlisteners.People_(6)tolistenatamuchfaster_(7)thanthey?.So,whileyouaretalking,itisnot_8)thatthelistenerislisteningwithonlyaofhisorherattention,_(9)usingtherestforotherthings.Thusforbettercommunicationweshould_(10)wefocusattentivelyonwhatisbeingsaid.Thisisnotalwayseasyhowever,aswemayhavetobearthe_(11)ofreceivingthousandsofdifferentmessageseachhour. factorstendrateuncommonunconsciouslyensureburden_(12)ontheintendedmessagecanbeabigproblem,thusfurtherhampering(阻碍)effectivelistening.Furthermore,weallhaveadifferent_(13)ofinterests.Becauseofthis,wemaychooseto_(14)offwhenthespeakertalksaboutsomethingwearenotinterestedin.Oncewerealizethedifficultyoflisteninganditsgreatimportanceinourcommunicationwithoneanother,weshouldthenmakeadeliberateefforttolistenandgenuinely. ConcentrationrangeswitchTranslation 1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.(1)我们刚开始一个新的工作，肯定会有很多东西不熟悉。 (be bound to） Wheneverwestartanewjob,thereareboundTobealotofthingswemaynotbefamiliarwith.(2)这种新药已经成功地用在动物身上，但这并不意味着 它在人类身上也适用。 (be applied to） Thisnewmedicine/drughassuccessfullybeenusedonanimals,butthisdoesntmeanthatitcanbeappliedtohumans.(3)他这次演讲比赛没能得第一名主要是因为他缺乏信 心。(lack of) Hisfailuretowinthefirstprizeinthespeechcompetitionislargelyduetohislackofconfidence.(4)对于一般人来说，忧郁症（depression）很容易跟压 力混淆，因为忧郁症也可以是某些压力的反应。 (be confused with) Tothegeneralpublic,depressioncanbeeasilyconfusedwithstress,asitmaybearesponsetosometypesofstress.(5)世界粮食的生产将越来越难跟上世界人口的日益增长。 (keep pace with) Itisbecomingincreasinglydifficultforworldfoodproductiontokeeppacewiththecontinuingoftheworldspopulation.(6)要成功地得到一份工作，需要很多因素一起发挥作用， 这些因素包括你的技能、文凭和工作经验。 (come into play) Tosuccessfullygetajob,alotoffactorsneedtocomeintoplay,includingyourskills,diplomaandworkexperience.2. Translate the following into Chinese.Thekeytoreflectivelisteningistheabilitytolisteninanon-judgmentalwaytolistenforunderstandingandnotforagreement.Howdoesonelearntobeamoreattentiveandreflectivelistener?Theprocessgoeslikethis.Sitdownoppositethespeakerinarelaxed,attentivemanner.Letthespeakerbegintalkingaboutspecificideasorfeelingsthatheorsheisexperiencingandwantstoshare.Payfullattentiontoboththeverbalandnonverballanguage.Afterfourorfivesentences,stopthespeakerwith“letmeseeifIamunderstandingyou.”Then,repeatbackinyourownwordswhatyouheardandthefeelingsyoupickedupon:“Yousaid.”,“Youfelt.”,“Wasthataccurate?”Ifthespeakersaysitwasnotaccurate,askforaclarificationoftheportionofthemessagethatwasmisunderstoodorincorrect.Oncethisisclarifiedforbothofyou,thenthespeakercangoonforanotherfewsentences,andthereflectionprocesscontinues.Remember,thegoalforboththespeakerandlistenerisunderstanding,notagreement. 回应式聆听的关键是要能够不加论断地聆听，即为理解而听，而不是为达成一致而听。我们如何可以成为更专心及回应式的听众呢？过程是这样的。坐在说话人的对面，身体放松，注意力集中。让说话人开始讲述他正经历或想要分享的情感或具体的想法。对言语或非言语的信息都要注意。当说话人说完四、五句话的时候，打断说话人，说，“让我看看我有没有听明白你的话。”然后，用你自己的话重复你刚才所听到的信息或感受的情感：“你刚才说”，“你的感觉是”，“我说得对吗？”如果说话人说不对，则要求说话人澄清一下他没听明白或听错的部分。当你们两个都明白后，说话人就可以继续说下面几句话，回应的过程又重新开始。记住：说话人和听话人的目的都是为了理解，而不是达成一致。UniteightEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction 1. Listed in the box below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.Text Aconductpolishattaindisclosefilethriveundertake Text BchargefulfillperceiveaccumulatemultiplyconductManyexperimentshavebeenconductedtofindoutwhethercancerisrelatedtofood.polishIneedtopolish(up)myFrenchnowbecauseImgoingtoFrancenextsummer.attainMostofourstudentsareworkinghardtoattaintheirgoalsatcollege.进行；实施改进；改善获得；达成discloseThejudgeaskedthereportersnottodisclosethenameofthemurdervictim.filePleasefilethisletter(away),MissSmith.thriveTodayhiscompanycontinuestothriveinspiteofseverecompetition.公开；揭露归档兴旺undertakeSheundertookresponsibilityforthechangeshemadeinthearticle.chargeHowmuchdoyouchargeforadoubleroom?fulfillAnursehasmanydutiestofulfillincaringforthesick.承担；接受要价；收费履行；执行perceiveHeperceivedasubtle(微妙的；细微的)changeinhermannerwhenhemetherthesecondtime.accumulateOvertheyears,Ihaveaccumulatedhundredsofbooks.multiplyHehasmultipliedhisfortunemanytimeswithinashortperiodoftwoyears.发觉；领悟积累；集聚大大增加2.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.promoteframedemonstratesteerscheduleemployimpressconfirmcompromisedeliberatelyeconomicfinancialpromoteframedemonstratesteerscheduleemploy说出；讲出证实；证明引导,驾驶,航行安排,程序表；进程表使用；雇用设计,框架impressconfirmcompromisedeliberatelyeconomicfinancial使留下印象；使钦佩证实做出妥协故意的；盘算周到的经济学的；经济上的财政的；金融的(1)Rulesandregulationsshouldbestrictlyfollowed;nooneissupposedto_onsafetystandards.(2)MayIremindyouagainthatthemeetingis_ forFridayafternoon?(3)He_ theboatcarefullybetweentherocks.(4)Anexaminermusthavesomeknowledgeintesting;otherwisehecannot_hisquestionsclearly.compromise scheduled steered frame (5)Hislastremark_ hislackofknowledgeonthissubject.(6)Finallythepolicehadto_ forcetobreakupthecrowd.(7)Heclaimsthatthenewteachingapproachhelpsto_ studentscreativeability.(8)Theteachersweremost_byyourperformanceintheexam.Youscored98markswhereasmostofyourclassmatesfailed.demonstrated employ promote impressed (9)Theexpressiononherface_ourworstfears.(10)Iknowyoudidit_,justtoannoyme.(11)Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthosewhoarein_difficultyandcannotpaytheirtuitionfeesontime.(12)Thefast_growthofourcountryhasattractedtheattentionofmanyeconomists(经济学家),whoallthinkthatitisamiracle.confirmed deliberately financial economic 3.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.Text A makethemostofmakeapointofdoingsth.tobeginwithinaddition(to)leadtoathandtakedownlastbutnotleasttakepainstodosth.Text B payoffcometopointoutmakethemostofmakeapointofdoingsth.tobeginwithleadtoathand最多程度利用重视做首先；的一点导致即将到来takedownlastbutnotleasttakepainstodosth.payoffcometopointout 记录最后但并非最不重要为（）费尽心成功；还清（债务）实现结果指出，指明(1)Beingamotheroftwoyoungkids,Sarahalways_spendingasmuchtimeasshecanwiththem. (2)WevegotonlyonedayinBeijing,solets_itandseeeverything.(3)Thechairmanwarnedyesterdaythatapayriseforteacherswould_jobcuts.makesapointofmakethemostofleadto(4)Realizingthathisretirement(退休)wasnear _,helookedforsomeadditionalincome.(5)“Whatdoscientistsyouvespokenwiththinkaboutthat?“Well,_,theydoubtitsgoingtowork.”(6)_,Iwouldliketothankallthepeoplewhohavegivenusunselfishassistancethroughouttheseyears.athandtobeginwithLastbutnotleast(7)Wevebeentryingtogetbacktoyou,Tom,butwethinkwe_ yournumber_incorrectly.(8)_givingageneralintroductiontocomputerscience,thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.(9)Thoughheisnotingoodhealthhimself,he_totakecareoftheelderlyinourcommunity.tookdownInadditiontotakespainsto(10)Whenthewar_anend,hereturnedtohishometownandstartedhismedicalprofession.(11)Critics_thattheprince,onhisincome,shouldbepayingtax.(12)Alanwasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandhispersistence_eventually.cametopointedoutpaidoffCloze 1.Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of is given.Howcanstudentsdowellatschool?Arestraight-Astudentsalwaysthosewhoarethebrightest?Studentsareveryinterestedingettinganswerstoquestionsliketheseasachieving_(1)excellenceis,andwillalwaysbe,oneoftheirtop_(2) atschool.Aprofessorofeducationwhohasrecently_(3)asurveyonthesubjectrevealedthattopgradesdonotalwaysgotothebrighteststudents. academic priorities conducted To_(5)with,studyshouldalwaysbethenumberone_(6)forastudent.Studytimeisalwaysguaranteed(保证)andshouldneverbe_(7)forpersonalrecreationsuchasmovies,TVprogramsorsnacks.Ina_(8),learningtobeorganizedisveryimportant.Keepingeverythinginitsplaceand_(9)classnotesinorderaretwogoodexamples._(10)upinclassandaskingquestionsisanotherwinning_(11).begin priority compromised addition filing Speaking formula Astudentcanclarifyanydoubtsbyaskingquestions._(12)ingroupstudyisanotherhelp.Byframingtentativetestquestions_(13)onclassnotes,studentscanhelpeachotherpreparefortests.Lastbutnot_(14),alwayshandinneatwork.Astudentwhoturnsinneatworkisalreadyonthe_(15)toscoringanA.Astudentmaysufferfromdifferentkindsof_(16)atschool,butifhefollowstheseprinciplesinhisstudies,soonerorlaterhewillbecomeatopstudent.Participation based least way pressures Translation 1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.(1) 法官要求记者不要公开受害人的姓名。(disclose) Thejudgeaskedthereportersnottodisclosethenameofthevictim. (2)老师费尽苦心务使我们全都理解他说的话。 (take pains to do sth.)Theteachertookpainstomakesurethatweallunderstoodwhathesaid.(3)最近学校在学业优秀的学生中进行了一项调查。 (conduct, attain) Recentlytheschoolconductedasurveyamongthosestudentswhohaveattainedacademicexcellence. (4)他说他要接受这份工作，我们要求他写封信证实。 (confirm)Hesaidhewouldacceptthejob,sowehaveaskedhimtoconfirmhisacceptancebywritingusaletter.(5)乔治学习很努力，他要尽量利用学习的机会。 (make the most of)Georgestudiesveryhard.Hewantstomakethemostofhischancetolearn. (6) 我们不能去。第一，天太冷。另外，我们正忙着。 (to begin with)Wecantgo.Tobeginwith,itstoocold.Besides,werebusy.(7)该是有人公开讲清楚这些基本事实的时候了。 (speak up)Itsabouttimethatsomeonespokeupforthesebasictruths/facts.(8)不要说做这事没用，长远看会有好结果的。 (pay off)Dontsayitisprofitlesstodothis.Theeffortwillpayoffinthelongrun 2. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.Accordingtoaneducationalexpert,studentswithhighIQssometimesdontdoaswellasClassmateswithlowerIQs.Forthesestudents,learningcomestooeasilyandtheyneverfindouthowtostartworkingseriously.Hardworkisntthewholestory,either.“Itsnothowlongyousittherewiththebooksopen,”saidoneofthemanystraight-Astudents.“Itswhatyoudowhileyouresitting.”Indeed,someofthesegoodstudentsactuallyputinfewerhoursofhomeworktimethantheirlower-scoringclassmates.据一位教育学方面的专家所言，高智商的学生有时并没有智商较低的学生学习成绩好。因为学习对这些学生而言是一件较轻松的事，所以他们从来也不会去探究该如何认真学习。当然努力学习也不能保证成绩优异。“这不是由你手捧书本，端坐桌前多久而决定的。你要坐在那里真正读书才行。”一位全优生如是说。事实是有些优等生学习时间不多但是成绩却比其他同学高。