Chapter 11 The Skin Skin：Epidermis、Dermis一、 Histological structure of skin （一）Keratinizing and layers of Epidermis ：A stratified squamous epithelium which consists of keratinocytes and other types of cells ( Melanocyte、Merkels cell、Langerhans cell) 。第一页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管第二页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管Five layers of epidermis and keratinization：1、Stratum Basale2、Stratum Spinosum3、Stratum Granulosum4、Stratum Lucidum5、Stratum Corneum 第三页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管1、The Stratum Basale ： a single layer of columnar or high cuboidal cells. 2、The Stratum Spinosum ：410 layers of cells which become irregularly polygonal with moderate flattening parallel to the surface. nucleus is distinguishable only in a few cells ( keratohyalin 、tonofilament)第四页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管3、The Stratum Granulosum : It consists of 23 layers of flattened rhomboid cells whose cytoplasm contains numerous keratohyalin granules. 4、The Stratum Lucidum ：23 layers of flattened and densely packed cells . The nuclei and the outline of the structures are disappear. 第五页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管5、The Stratum Corneum：layers of flattened、cornified cells without nuclei (horny cells) and filled with keratin.（二）Unkeratinocyte( Melanocyte、Merkels cell、Langerhans cell) 第六页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管第七页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管二、 Dermis ：consists of connective tissue（掌握(zhngw)）1、The Papillary Layer： loose connective tissue. Dermal papillae、tactile corpuscle2、The Reticular Layer： more dense and contains coarse collagenous fibers . There are some little structures such as hair follicle、sebaceous glands and sweat glands in this layer.第八页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管第九页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管三、Accessory glands of skin .（熟悉(shx)） 1、Hair：hair shaft、hair root、hair follicle、hair bulb、hair papilla (毛乳头)、arrector pilimuscle . 2、Sebaceous gland 3、Sweat gland：scrine sweat gland 小apocrine sweat gland 大毛囊(monng)第十页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管Chapter 14 Digestive system一、Generation struction （一）Mucosa：1、Epithelium2、Lamina propria3、Muscularis mucosae第十一页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管（二）Submucosa（三）Muscularis（四）Adventitia第十二页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管三、Esophagus1. Mucosa (15.9) 1). strat. squam. nonkerat. epith. 2). lamina propria. 3). mascularies2. Submucosa 1. esophageal glands mucus secreting第十三页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管C. Muscularis 1. proximal third: skeletal 2. middle third: mixed 3. distal third: smoothD. Adventitia / Serosa第十四页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管 IV. StomachA. Gross Anatomy 1. cardiac region 2. fundus 3. body 4. pyloric region 5. rugae a. mucosa & submucosa第十五页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管（一）. Mucosa 1. surface epithelium a. simple columnar第十六页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管2. lamina propria a. gastric pitsb. gastric glands (branched tubular) 1) chief cells 2) parietal cells 3) mucous neck cells 4) Stem cells: mitotic 5) Endocrine cell第十七页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管 Parietal (oxyntic) cells a) pyramidal b) spherical nucleus c) eosinophilic d) mitochondria e) intracellular canaliculus f) microvilli g) secrete HCl , intrinsic factor第十八页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管 parietal (oxyntic) cellsrestingactive第十九页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管Zymogenic cells a) rER / basophilic b) synthesize pepsinogen第二十页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管（二）Submucosa （三）Muscularis and Serosa 1. three layers of smooth muscle fibers第二十一页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管V. Small IntestineGross Anatomy 1. regions a. duodenum b. jejunum c. ileum 2. plicae circulares a. mucosa b. submucosa第二十二页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管 3. villi (15.20,15.27) a. epithelium b. lamina propria第二十三页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管（一）. Mucosa epithelium ：intestinal villussmall interstinal gland 1. simple columnar 1) absorptive cells brush border (mv) 2) goblet cells第二十四页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管3) Paneths cells a) eosinophilic, apical secretory granules b) antibacterial 4) enteroendocrine cells5) stem cells第二十五页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管图图14-28 14-28 小肠腺小肠腺 示潘氏细胞示潘氏细胞( (焰红与坚固绿染色）焰红与坚固绿染色）第二十六页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管2. Lamina propria a. glands b. capillaries c. lacteals d. smooth muscle fibers e. loose CT f. lymphocytes g. WBCs第二十七页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管 (二)Submucosa (三）Muscularis and Serosa第二十八页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管 VI. Large Intestine no folds no villi（一）Colon1、Mucosa2、 Submucosa 3、 Muscularis4.、Adventitia第二十九页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管 （二） Appendix A. Similar to large intestine B. Numerous lymph nodules 第三十页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管内容(nirng)总结Chapter 11 The Skin。2). lamina propria.。3. villi (15.20,15.27)。3) Paneths cells。图14-28 小肠腺 示潘氏细胞(xbo)(焰红与坚固绿染色）。(三）Muscularis and Serosa。（二） Appendix第三十一页，共三十一页。皮肤消化管