Section Learning about Language一二三四一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.They (tell) about it many times and I believe they will pay attention to it.2.Great changes (take) place in the city in the past three years.3.My sister is working at the power station that (use) for just one year.4.Till now,three films (show) in that small village this month.5.No books (buy) since last week.have been told have taken has been used have been shown have been bought 一二三四二、读下列句子,选出含有被动语态的句子1.The boy has lost the key to the classroom.2.Lots of questions have been asked by the students around me.3.This is the first time I have ridden a horse.4.I have studied English for about ten years.5.His homework has been done.6.A new library has been built in our school.7.Ive never heard of anything about it.8.His computer has been repaired by the young woman.含有被动语态的句子:归纳:现在完成时的被动语态的构成为:+。2,5,6,8 have/has been 及物动词的过去分词 一二三四三、读下列句子,试着把可以变为被动语态的句子改为被动语态例句:We have used the computer for two years.The computer has been used (by us) for two years.1.How many words have you learned?2.They have already got up.3.He has translated those books into Chinese.4.This building belongs to our company.5.She has bought some flowers for her mother.答案:How many words have been learned (by you)? 答案:不能变为被动语态。 答案:Those books have been translated into Chinese by him. 答案:不能变为被动语态。 答案:Some flowers have been bought by her for her mother. 一二三四6.We should pay attention to our spelling and grammar.7.Can you meet our need?8.Are you free the day after tomorrow?答案:Attention should be paid to our spelling and grammar.答案:Can our need be met by you? 答案:不能变为被动语态。 一二三四四、欣赏下面的笑话,画出含有被动语态的句子A:Granny,may I ask if you have strong teeth?B:Strong teeth?All my teeth have been pulled out by a bad dentist (牙医).A:Good.Keep these nuts for me,will you?Ill play football for half an hour.Of course I dont mind if the nuts are eaten up.答案:A:Granny,may I ask if you have strong teeth?B:Strong teeth?All my teeth have been pulled out by a bad dentist (牙医).A:Good.Keep these nuts for me,will you?Ill play football for half an hour.Of course I dont mind if the nuts are eaten up.121.By the time I was sixteen,my dream had come true.到我十六岁时,我的梦想成为现实。剖析本句的时间状语从句为一般过去时,主句为过去完成时态。又如:By the end of last year Henry had collected more than a thousand foreign stamps.到去年年底,亨利已经收集了一千多张外国邮票。归纳当by the time后接一般过去时的句子时,其主句应用过去完成时态。当by the time后接一般现在时的句子时,其主句用将来完成时态。如:By the time you return,we will have started the work.到你回来时,我们将已经开始这项工作了。12考点come true实现,成为现实His dream of being admitted to Oxford University is difficult to come true.他被牛津大学录取的梦想很难实现。come true和realize的区别:I believe your dream will be realized.=I believe your dream will come true.=I believe your dream will become a reality.我相信你的梦想会实现。归纳come true作为“实现”讲时,是不及物动词短语,不能用于被动结构。realize作为“实现”讲时,是及物动词,后接宾语,可用于被动结构。表示“成为现实”,也可以用become a reality来表达。12活学活用语法填空1)He (graduate) from the university by the time his father came back from abroad.2)By the time you wake up tomorrow morning,we(arrive) in the USA.had graduated will have arrived 单句改错3)By the time we got there,the bus left.4)Do you think his dream will be come true?答案:bus后加had 答案:去掉be 122.Grammar:现在完成时的被动语态考点一现在完成时的被动语态的定义和构成现在完成时的被动语态同主动语态一样强调过去的动作对现在的影响。现在完成时的被动语态由“has/have+been+及物动词的过去分词”构成。注意各种句式变化。下面以动词teach为例,列表说明现在完成时的被动语态的句式变化:12考点二现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项(1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。主动:We have built many houses in the past ten years.被动:Many houses have been built in the past ten years.(2)带有双宾语的动词,如 give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,ask,pay,borrow,lend,offer,hand,pass,get,promise等,变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留在原处。主动:I have given him the book.被动:He has been given the book.被动:The book has been given to him.注意带有双宾语的动词在由主动语态变为被动语态时,一般把表示“人”的宾语(间接宾语)变为主语。1212(3)带有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的动词变为被动语态时,只能将宾语变为主语,原来的宾语补足语仍留在原处,改称为主语补足语。原来为省略to的不定式做宾语补足语的,被动语态中要用带to的不定式。主动:I have asked him to help you.被动:He has been asked to help you.主动:I have made him work hard.被动:He has been made to work hard.12(4)短语动词变为被动语态时,要注意保持其完整性,动词后面原有的介词或副词切不可遗漏。主动:He has referred to the book.被动:The book has been referred to (by him).主动:He has thought of a way of doing it.被动:A way of doing it has been thought of.(5)由主动语态变为被动语态时要注意主谓一致。主动:He has written three novels.被动:Three novels have been written (by him).12考点三现在完成时的被动语态的高考考点 12121212活学活用语法填空1)(2015重庆高考改编)In my hometown,there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat (cut).2)(2015天津高考改编)Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.3)(2015福建高考改编)The battle lasts little more than half an hour,in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes (throw) at anyone or anything that moves,runs,or fights back.4)(2015浙江高考改编)In most cities the sky looks as though it(empty) of stars,leaving behind a vacant haze that mirrors our fear of the dark.has been cut has been reached have been thrown has been emptied 125)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they (promise) before leaving their hometowns.6)More than one means (take) since Tom learned the new language,but he still doesnt perform well.7)The fields where crops used to be grown(use) for buildings now.8)The new dictionaries are very useful.They (sell) well and (sell out) already.9)Computers (use) in offices and homes since 1970s.10)What is the price of petrol these days?Oh,it (rise) slightly since last month.have been promised has been taken are being used sell have been sold out have been used has risen 12将下列句子改为被动语态11)The programmer has programmed the robots to act just like human beings.12)They have put the computer into a robot.13)We have finished the work now.答案:The robots have been programmed to act just like human beings by the programmer.答案:The computer has been put into a robot by them.答案:The work has been finished (by us) now. 1214)He has given the child some interesting books.15)Have they returned the book yet?答案:The child has been given some interesting books by him./Some interesting books have been given to the child by him.答案:Has the book been returned by them yet?