Book 7, Unit 3Grammar the Passive Voice of V-ing Form1Part1:ReviewthePassiveVoiceofInfinitive2语态语态 时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式 to do to be done完成式完成式 to have done to have been done进行式进行式 to be doing/完成进行式完成进行式 to have been doing/31.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere_foraspaceflight.(07江西卷江西卷)A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained2.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_.(07浙江卷浙江卷)A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheardD A4l3.Shetoldmethatherproposalneededl_intoconsideration.lA.totakeB.tobetakenlC.tobetakingD.tohavetakenl4.Johnwasmade_thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washinglC.washD.tobewashingB A 5l5.Robertissaid_abroad,butIdontknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.lA.tohavestudiedB.tostudylC.tobestudyD.tohavebeenstudyingl6.Therearefivepairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy.(1999上海高考上海高考)lA.tobechosenB.tochoosefromlC.tochooseD.forchoosingA B 6 Part 2: the Passive Voice of V-ing Form7观察下列例句，思考划线部分作用。观察下列例句，思考划线部分作用。1)a.Playingfootballishisfavoritesport.2)()b.Beingpunishedbytheteachermakeshimunhappy.()2)a.MyworkisteachingEnglish.()b.Whatmadeherupsetwashernotbeingallowedtogooutaloneatnight.()主语主语表语表语主语主语表语表语8观察下列例句，思考划线部分作用。观察下列例句，思考划线部分作用。3)a.Ididntstopworkinglastnight.()b.Everyoneofusshoulddoeveryefforttopreventtheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.()4)a.Isawtheboywalkingonthestreetyesterday.()b.WhenIpassedtheroom,Iheardhimbeingscoldedbadly.()宾语宾语宾补宾补宾语宾语宾补宾补95)a.Themansittingbythewindowisourmathsteacher.()b.Thequestionbeingdiscussedatthemeetingmakeseveryoneexcitedandpuzzled.()6).a.Seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom,thestudentsstoodup.()b.Havingwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice.()c.Havingbeenpunishedmanytimes,hestillmadethesamemistake.()后置定语后置定语后置定语后置定语状语状语状语状语状语状语10用法归纳用法归纳动词动词-ing-ing形式是动词形式是动词非谓语非谓语形式中的一种，单形式中的一种，单独使用时，能在句中做除独使用时，能在句中做除谓语谓语之外的任何其他之外的任何其他句子成分。如：句子成分。如：主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语语和和定语定语等。等。动词动词-ing-ing形式的形式的一般式一般式和和完成时完成时及其及其否定式否定式的的各种构成见下表。各种构成见下表。什么情况用什么情况用V-ing V-ing 形式的被动式呢？形式的被动式呢？当动词当动词-ing -ing 形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，就要用动词就要用动词-ing -ing 形式的被动语态。动词形式的被动语态。动词-ing-ing形形式的被动语态和它的主动语态一样，在句中同式的被动语态和它的主动语态一样，在句中同样可以作样可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语和和定定语语等。等。11语态语态时态时态 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式一般式一般式完成式完成式(not) doing(not) being done(not)having done(not) havingbeen done12A:被动语态的用法被动语态的用法131).作主语作主语l_(raise) your hat to a lady is good manners .l_ (kill) by sharks in the sea is a common thing .2). 作表语作表语lMy hobby is _(make) model planes.lWhat worried the child most was _ (not, allow) to visit his mother in the hospital .RaisingBeing killed makingnot being allowed143)作宾语作宾语1）Thebirdescaped_(catch).2）Ifeellike_(join)thearmy.3）Hewasafraidof_(abandon)byus.4）Thethiefenteredtheroomwithout_（notice).5）Whileshopping,peoplesometimescanthelp_(persuade)intobuyingsomethingtheydontreallyneed.6）Thesquirrelwassoluckythatitjustmissed_.(catch)7）Whileweredevelopingagricultureandindustry,wemustpreventtheearthfrom_.(pollute)being caught joining being abandonedbeing noticedbeing persuaded being caughtbeing polluted15注意注意在在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Yourcarneedsfilling.你这车要充气了。你这车要充气了。Thiscitydeservesvisiting.这座城市值得光顾一下。这座城市值得光顾一下。Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.这个问题需要认真研究。这个问题需要认真研究。Thetreeswantwatering.这些树需要浇水了。这些树需要浇水了。16在（在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。表示被动意义。Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.Thebookisworthreading.在在allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：Wedontallowsmokinghere.Wedontallowstudentstosmoke.174.)作定语作定语Theproblem_(discuss)nowisveryimportant.Thefarmers_(work)inthefieldsaretired.5).作状语作状语Hesatatthetable,_(read)ChinaDaily._(ask)toanswersuchaquestionmadeherfeltembarrassed._(show)aroundthelibrary,weweretakentoseethelablater.being discussed workingreadingBeing asked Having been shown around18l6).作宾语补足语作宾语补足语:Iheardher_(sing)asonginherroomwhenIpassedherhouse.Iheardasong_(sing)byherwhenIpassedherhouse.7)Alltheexampapers_(handin),theteachersenttheclasshome.lWhatmadelittlePetersoupset?lHis_(nottake)totheGreatWall.singingbeing sunghavingbeenhandedinnot being taken非谓语动词在句中做状语非谓语动词在句中做状语时时他的逻辑主语应该和主句主语保持一致。他的逻辑主语应该和主句主语保持一致。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，这种结构这种结构，我们称之为独立主格结构，我们称之为独立主格结构197).(2007山东卷）山东卷）Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmanned（无人操作的，自无人操作的，自控的）控的）spacecraft,themostrecent_attheendoflastMarch.A.hasbeenlaunchedB.havingbeenlaunchedC.beinglaunchedD.tobelaunched20B: 熟能生巧熟能生巧21用动词的适当形式填空用动词的适当形式填空1）ThemovieKungfuPandaisworth_(see).2)Thebirdwasluckyenoughtomiss_(shoot).3)Shewasangryat_(notinvite).4)Idontmind_(makefunof).5)WhenIwasachildIusedtoenjoy_(take)totheseaside.6).Hedisliked_(interrupt)inhisexperiment.7)Hecameinwithout_(ask).8)._(show)aroundthelibrary,weweretakentoseethelablater.9)Istillremember_(take)totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.seeingbeing shotnot being invitedbeing made fun ofbeing takenbeinginterruptedbeing askedHaving been shownbeing taken22C: 高考链接高考链接23l1)_toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.A.HavingbeenaskedB.ToaskC.HavingaskedD.Tobeaskedl2)ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfrom_intheSouthChinaSea.A.attackingB.havingattackedC.beingattackedD.havingbeenattackedl3)Istillremember_totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.（2009陕西）陕西）A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takingD.beingtaken244)IheartheyvepromotedTom,buthedidntmention_whenwetalkedonthephone.A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tobepromoted5)_aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseebirdsNestforthe2008OlympicGames.（2008陕西）陕西）A.HavingshownB.TobeshownC.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow256)Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.（2007全国全国）A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandcloseC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose26D 语境应用语境应用27l小时候，我喜欢被带去旅游。跟着父母去祖国小时候，我喜欢被带去旅游。跟着父母去祖国的各个地方旅游，我度过了一个愉快的童年。的各个地方旅游，我度过了一个愉快的童年。l我仍然记得我仍然记得15岁的时候被带到北京，众所周知，岁的时候被带到北京，众所周知，北京有很多的名胜古迹。最让我感到兴奋的就北京有很多的名胜古迹。最让我感到兴奋的就是被带到了长城上。站在长城上，我欣赏到了是被带到了长城上。站在长城上，我欣赏到了美景，为我们的祖国感到自豪。美景，为我们的祖国感到自豪。 据说当时修建据说当时修建长城是为了抵御塞北游牧民族的侵袭。参观完长城是为了抵御塞北游牧民族的侵袭。参观完长城后，我又被带去参观紫禁城，那也是个值长城后，我又被带去参观紫禁城，那也是个值得参观的好地方。得参观的好地方。l总之，被带去旅游很有趣，我期望下一次去旅总之，被带去旅游很有趣，我期望下一次去旅游。游。28WhenIwasachildIusedtoenjoy_andIhadawonderfulchildhood,_withmyparentstoallcornersofourmotherland.Istillremember_(take)toBeijingwhenIwas15.Asisknowntoall,therearemanyplacesinBeijing.Whatmademeexcitedwasmy_totheGreatwall._(stand)onthewall,Icaughtagoodsight,_ourcountry.ItissaidthatTheGreatwallwasbuiltin14thcenturyto_bySaibeitribe._theGreatwall,IwasthentakentovisittheForbiddenCity,whichwasalso_.Allinall,_isagreatfun._.being taken to traveltravellingbeing taken being taken Standingfeeling proud of protect people from being attackedHaving been shown aroundworth visitingBeing taken to travelIm looking forward to being taken to travel again2930