动词不定式动词不定式 的构成的构成：(not) to+do(动词原形动词原形)A to-infinitive can be used as主语主语（Subject）表语表语（Predicative）宾语（宾语（Object）宾补（宾补（Object complement）定语（定语（Attributive）状语（状语（Adverbial） 不定式用作主语不定式用作主语To grow trees is very important. It is very important to grow trees.不定式作主语时不定式作主语时,往往放在谓往往放在谓语之后语之后,用用it作形式主语。作形式主语。Say in another way, using it.1.To learn from your friends is important.2.To leave without saying goodbye is impolite.3.To chat with Miss White is a pleasant thing.4.To walk to school takes me ten minutes.It is important to learn from your friends.It is impolite to leave without saying goodbye.It is a pleasant thing to chat with Miss White.It takes me ten minutes to walk to school. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sb. isare +adj. +to do It is + adj. + of sb. to do= sb. isare +adj. +to do你那样做是有礼貌的。 It is polite of you to do that. = You are polite to do that. (good, kind, nice, rude, clever, right, silly, thoughtful, brave, selfish) (easy, hard, difficult, important, possible, necessary) 对他来说，说英语很容易。对他来说，说英语很容易。 对我们来说，努力学习是必对我们来说，努力学习是必 要的。要的。 您能帮助我，真是太好了。您能帮助我，真是太好了。 It is easy for him to speak English.It is necessary for us to study hard. It is very kind of you to help me.不定式放在be动词后面，用作表语 My dream is to be a good teacher .Its work is to clean the room every day.Complete the following sentences.1.The doctors suggestion is _(take)more exercise.2.The best way is_(talk) to your parents.3.His plan is _ (今今 年夏天年夏天 到北京旅游到北京旅游).4.My purpose is _(帮你解决这个问题帮你解决这个问题).to taketo talkto travel to Beijing this summerto help you solve this problem不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语 We begin to read English at 6:30a.m. She forgot to close the door.常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有： want, plan, hope,wish, learn, decide,would like, begin, start, try,need, forget, choose,prepare, agree, promise,manage,encourage,Complete the following sentences.1.I _ (希望收到希望收到来信来信) you soon. 2.John _ (不想当不想当) the host of the charity show.3.Theyre _ (试着解决试着解决) the problem by himself.4.Millions of people _ (已学已学会使用会使用) computers. hope to hear fromdoesnt want to betrying to solvehave learned to usethink/ find / consider+ it+ adj. + to do 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（的注意事项（） 不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成作形式宾语，构成“主语主语+动动词词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式不定式”结构。如：结构。如： I found it necessary to talk to him again. I found it important to learn English.动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（）有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同： forget to do sth.忘记要做某事忘记要做某事 forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事忘记曾经做过某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事停止做某事 go on to do sth.继续做另一件事继续做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做原来在做的事继续做原来在做的事 need to do sth.需要做某事需要做某事 need doing sth. 需要被做需要被做1. 别忘了离开时把灯关了。别忘了离开时把灯关了。 Dont forget before leaving.2. 父亲必须戒烟了。父亲必须戒烟了。 Father must stop .3. 他看完电视后，继续看了一会书。他看完电视后，继续看了一会书。 After he watched TV, he went on for a while.4. 这辆自行车需要修理了。这辆自行车需要修理了。 This bike needs_.to turn off the lightssmokingto readrepairing/mending 不定式用作宾语补足语She asked me not to watch TV. Lucy told him not to cry. Tell her to turn it down.ask, tell, want, need, wish, warn, advise, encourage, invite , expect ,teach,would like, hope sb. to do sth.wishComplete the following sentences.1.Mr Lu _ (要求我们交要求我们交) our homework on time.2.The doctor _ (建议建议 格林先生喝格林先生喝) more water.3.Mr Wu _ (叫学叫学 生别嚷嚷生别嚷嚷) in class.4.Mrs Read _ (希望儿子希望儿子学学) English well. asks us to hand in advised Mr Green to drink tells the students not to shout wishes her son to learn四看四看 三使三使 二听二听一感觉一感觉:feel 不定式作宾补省去to的情况(在被动语态中则to不能省掉)help可带to，也可不带tohelpsb(to)dosthhear listen toletmakehaveseewatchlook at noticehad better do sth./not do sth.Why not do sth?Would you please do sth.?Would rather do than do sth. 不定式作宾补省去不定式作宾补省去 to 的情况的情况(在被动语态中则在被动语态中则to 不能省掉不能省掉)1.John was made the car for a week as a punishment A.to wash B.washing C.wash D. to be washing2.The patient was warned food after the operation. A.to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating3.Internet bars mustnt let anybody bad things , especially children. A. watch B.to watch C.watching D.watchesACAExercises: 感官动词感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see , watch, look at , notice) 后既可跟不带后既可跟不带to的不的不定式作宾补，也可跟定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补作宾补.前者表前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。作正在进行。 I often hear her sing in the next room . I heard her singing in her room just now. 不定式用作定语不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面。不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面。 We have a lot of homework to do .如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词则不定式中要有介词. He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about.something, anything, nothing+adj.+ to do I have something interesting to tell you.Find the to-infinitive in each sentence.1.Mr Wu is always the first to come and the last to leave.2.There is no need to trouble him.3.Have you got anything important to tell me?4.Ive got nothing to worry about.5.Im thirsty. Give me something to drink.6.Spring is the best season to plant trees.7.We all have a chance to go to college.不定式用作状语1. come to do sth.2. go to do sth.3. stop to do sth.4. in order (not) to do 5. too + adj. + to do sth.6. adj.adv. + enough to do sth. Complete some sentences:1、_(为了为了提高英语成绩提高英语成绩), Tom goes to the English corner every day. 2、I was_(太累太累了，难于入睡。了，难于入睡。) 3、She ran fast _(为为了赶上早班车了赶上早班车).4、He is_(富有富有得得可以买辆小汽车可以买辆小汽车).In order to improve his English too tired to fall asleep.to catch the first bus rich enough to buy a car. 疑问词+不定式不定式与疑问词不定式与疑问词who,which,when, who,which,when, how,what,wherehow,what,where等连用，在句中起等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。语等。在与在与whywhy连用时，只用于连用时，只用于whywhy或或why why notnot开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带动词不定式不带toto。 Why not have a rest?Complete the following sentences.1.He didnt know . (说什么说什么)。2. is very important. (如何如何解决这个问题解决这个问题) 3.My question is . (什么时候开始什么时候开始)。4. Please show us .(如何使如何使用计算机用计算机)5. I dont know for you(买什么东买什么东西西).what to sayHow to solve the problem when to starthow to use the computerwhat to buy 用作介词的用作介词的to(to+名词/动名词) look forward to hearing from you be used to getting up early devote himself to helping poor children pay attention to your spelling prefer watching TV to doing homeworkComplete the following sentences.1.We all look forward to (hear) the good news.2. He . (宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影) 3.Yin Xuemei devoted all her life to . (teach)4. Father (习惯于看习惯于看报报)after supper.5. If someone laughs at you, you should .(不理睬不理睬)hearingprefers staying at home to going to the cinemateachingis used to reading newspapers pay no attention to him1.Its time to do sth.2.It takes timemoney to do sth.3.be too +adj. +to do sth.4. be+ adj.+ enough + to do sth.5.had better + (not) do sth. 6.Why not do sth.?7.prefer + A/doing A +to + B/doing B 8.prefer to do sth.9.would rather do A than (do) B 10.would rather (not) do sth.11.WillWould you please (not)do sth.?12.be ready to do sth. 13.be afraid to do sth.14.Its + adj.+(for/of sb.) to do sth.15.Id like/love to do sth.My lovely sonChen Yinan is a Grade 2 student. He loves all kinds of sports. Last Sunday, he went to fly kites with his friends. When he saw the kites (fly) highly in the sky, he couldnt stop (jump) .This Sunday ,he plans (play) football with his father . His dream is (be) a PE teacher because he can play all the time. He also likes ( watch) TV and (play) computer games. (protect) his eyes, I often tell him (not watch) too much TV. Because he is the only child in my family, he feels lonely from time to time, He often invites his classmates (come) to my home (play) with him. I often tell him (do) lots of extra work ,so he feels tired very much. I think I am not a good mother. flyingjumpingto playto beto watchplayTo protectnot to watchto cometo playto do