非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词作定语高考对非谓语动词作定语的考查主要包括高考对非谓语动词作定语的考查主要包括以下几个方面的内容：以下几个方面的内容： 1不定式作定语；不定式作定语； 2-ing分词作定语；分词作定语； 3-ed分词作定语。分词作定语。 【典型例题典型例题】 1(北京北京2000, 单项填空单项填空)The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 正确答案：正确答案：B 根据题干判断，句中需要一个根据题干判断，句中需要一个既作定语又表状态的非谓语动词，所以选既作定语又表状态的非谓语动词，所以选B。 B2（NMET97，单项填空），单项填空）The Olympic Games,_in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 正确答案：正确答案：C 此题考查分词作非限制性定此题考查分词作非限制性定语的用法，有被动意义，动作已完成，所语的用法，有被动意义，动作已完成，所以选以选C。 3（NMET94，单项填空），单项填空）The first text books _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 正确答案：正确答案：D 此题考查分词的限制性定语此题考查分词的限制性定语用法，其他与例用法，其他与例2类似，所以选类似，所以选D 1不定式作定语 不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被the first/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一等修饰的名词和其他一些名些名 词、代词之后。其中，词、代词之后。其中，一般式一般式: 将来或经常性的动作将来或经常性的动作，完成式完成式: 该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前作之前。 例如：例如：She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave. 如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系动宾关系,在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词介词. 例如：例如：Lets first find a room to live in / to put the things in. We have nothing to worry about.(=There is nothing for us to worry about.) 不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时语名词时,若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主语辑主语, 则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。用被动式。 例如：例如：I have a lot of things to do today. ( I . do . things) Have you got anything to say at the meeting? ( you. say . anything) Here is a letter to be taken to Mr. Li. 在在there be句型中，有时用主动式或被动式意思句型中，有时用主动式或被动式意思不同。不同。 比较：比较：There is nothing to do at present. (=We have nothing to do at present.) There is nothing to be done at present. (= We can do nothing at present.) 2-ing分词作定语 单个的单个的-ing分词作定语一般前置分词作定语一般前置,说明名词说明名词的性质、特征或用途等的性质、特征或用途等,-ing短语短语作定语作定语一般后置一般后置；强调动作的单个强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置分词也常后置。 例如：例如：a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping ) a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping ) the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there ) The girl singing is my classmate. -ing分词作定语一般要求分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生动词所表示的动作同时发生或是在说话时或是在说话时该动作该动作正正 在进行在进行，否则，要用，否则，要用从句从句作定语。作定语。 例如：例如：Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher? Did you notice the boy sitting ( = who was sitting ) at this desk yesterday? The man shaking ( = who is now shaking ) hands with Mr. Li visited our class yesterday. 比较：比较：误误：He is the man visiting our class yesterday. 正正：He is the man who visited our class yesterday. 3-ed分词作定语 -ed分词作定语一般表示一个分词作定语一般表示一个被动被动或或已完成已完成动动作作,-ing分词表示一个分词表示一个主动主动或或正在进行正在进行的动作的动作, -ing分词的被动式分词的被动式则表示一个则表示一个正在被进行正在被进行的动的动作。作。 例如：例如：a developed/developing countryHe is a student loved by all the teachers. The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school. 4像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。从句。 例如：例如：The students, wearing their school uniforms, marched into the playground. The substance, discovered almost by accident,has greatly changed the world. 【知识过关知识过关】 1. The computer center,_last year, is very popular among the students. in the school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened B2. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invitedD. had been invited A3. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed B4. Do you know the boy_ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. layingD. lying D5. Are you going to attend the meeting _ tomorrow? A. to be held B. being held C. will be held D. held A6. I like most of the books _ in this _ house. A. publishing, publishing B. published, published C. published, publishingD. publishing, published C7. This is one of the questions _ at the meeting now. A. to discuss B. to be discussed C. being discussedD. discussed 8. Would you please give me a piece of paper _? A. to write B. to write on C. to write withD. to be CB