Company name辅音连缀辅音连缀 (Consonant Clusters)在一个音节中，两个或三个以上相邻的在一个音节中，两个或三个以上相邻的辅音连在一起发音的情况，叫辅音连缀。辅音连在一起发音的情况，叫辅音连缀。辅音连缀中间不能停顿，它们在拼读时辅音连缀中间不能停顿，它们在拼读时不能分开。连缀中的第一个辅音读得轻不能分开。连缀中的第一个辅音读得轻而短促，一带而过，之间不能加元音而短促，一带而过，之间不能加元音/。辅音连缀可以出现在词首、词中和词尾，辅音连缀可以出现在词首、词中和词尾，也出现在短语中间也出现在短语中间(其实不完全爆破等也其实不完全爆破等也是一种辅音连缀是一种辅音连缀)。掌握好辅音连缀是通。掌握好辅音连缀是通向地道口语大门的重点之一。向地道口语大门的重点之一。1.首辅音连缀首辅音连缀(1) 摩擦音摩擦音/s/后加爆破音后加爆破音/p/t/k/中的任中的任何一个所构成的辅音连缀，即何一个所构成的辅音连缀，即/sp/st/sk/中的中的/p/t/k/不送气，连缀不送气，连缀之间不加任何元音。之间不加任何元音。/s/发音时轻而短促发音时轻而短促; /p/t/k/发音时长而响亮。发音时长而响亮。 a) /s/+/p/: /s/发音时轻而短促，发音时轻而短促，/P/发发音时长而响亮。音时长而响亮。例如例如: speak; special l) Will you speak up? I cant hear you?2) My mother is a special person in my life. b) /s/+/t/: /s/发音时轻而短促，发音时轻而短促，/t/发音发音时长而响亮。时长而响亮。 例如例如: stop; story1) Stop talking and listen to me! 2 ) Its a long story.说来话长说来话长/一言难尽。一言难尽。 c) /s/+/k/: /s/发音时轻而短促，发音时轻而短促，/k/发音发音时长而响亮。时长而响亮。例如例如: skate; ski; sky1) A: Lets go skating.B: I cant skate at all. 2) A: Mike, can you ski? B: Yes, I can. But not very well.3) The sky is getting very cloudy.(2) 在摩擦音在摩擦音/s/后加鼻辅音后加鼻辅音/m/n/、舌侧、舌侧音音/l/、半元音、半元音/w/j/时，时，/m/n/l/w/j/要失去部分浊音。要失去部分浊音。/s/发发音时轻而短促，音时轻而短促，/m/n/l/w/j/发音时长发音时长而响亮。而响亮。 a) /s/+/m/: /s/发音时轻而短促，发音时轻而短促，/m/ 发音时长而响亮。发音时长而响亮。例如例如: smart; small l) Hes a smart buisinessman.2) Its a small world. b) /s/+/n/: /s/发音时轻而短促，发音时轻而短促，/n/发音发音 时长而响亮。时长而响亮。 例如例如: snow; snap; snake1) His shirt is as white as snow. 2) There is no snap left in him.3) His behavior showed him to be a snake.c) /s/+/w/: /s/发音时轻而短促，发音时轻而短促，/w/发发 音时长而响亮。音时长而响亮。例如例如: sweet; sweat; swear l) No sweet without sweat.没有勤劳的没有勤劳的劳动就没有甜蜜的收获。劳动就没有甜蜜的收获。2) I swear Ill never tell anyone.d) /s/+/l/: /s/发音时轻而短促，发音时轻而短促，/i/发音发音时长而响亮。时长而响亮。 例如例如: sleep; slight; slim; slow1) Did you sleep well last night? 2) I have a slight fever.3) He slighted my efforts.(3) 爆破音爆破音/p/t/k/b/d/g/与与/l/r/w/j/构成的辅音连缀发音时，爆破音构成的辅音连缀发音时，爆破音必须十分轻而短促。当爆破音发音时，第二个必须十分轻而短促。当爆破音发音时，第二个辅音的发音已经做好了准备，即爆破音的爆破辅音的发音已经做好了准备，即爆破音的爆破音与第二个辅音的发音同时进行。这是掌握好音与第二个辅音的发音同时进行。这是掌握好这一类辅音连缀的关键。这一类辅音连缀的关键。/pl-/place/pr-/prude/pj-/pure/bl-/blow/br-/brown/bj-/beautiful/tj-/tune/tw-/twice/tr-/tree/dr-/dry/dw-/dwell/dj-/dune/kl-/class/kr-/cry/kw-/quite/kj-/cure/gl-/glass/gr-/grass/fl-/fly/fr-/fry/fj-/few/vj-/view/hj-/huge/r-/shrink/r-/through/mj-/music/nj-/new/lj-/lure(4) 词首三个辅音连缀在口语中的读音技词首三个辅音连缀在口语中的读音技巧巧 /sp/st/sk/中的一个加中的一个加/l/r/w/j/中的一个，中的一个，发音时应注意，第一个摩擦音发音时应注意，第一个摩擦音/s/读得短而读得短而轻，第二个摩擦音轻，第二个摩擦音/p/t/k/不送气或少送气不送气或少送气并与第三个辅音同事进行完成发音，并与第三个辅音同事进行完成发音，/l/r/w/j/失去部分浊音。三个辅音之间不失去部分浊音。三个辅音之间不能加元音能加元音/。例如：。例如： a) /spl-/: split, splash l) My trousers split when I sat down.2) Dont splash me; I dont want to get wet. b) /spr-/: spring; spread1) When people say unkind thing about her husband, she springs to his defense.2) The rumor quickly spread through the village.c) /str-/: strict; stream l) Our teacher is strict; we have to do what she says.2) Tears streamed down her cheeks.d) /stj-/: stupid 1) How stupid of him to ask such a question.2) This book is so stupid. I dont want to finish it.3) The students streamed into the stadium.e) /skw-/: square1) The fighters squared off against each other.2) They gave us a square deal.f) /skr-/: screech; scrub; screw l) “Leave me alone!” he screeched.2) Dont forget to scrub behind your ears.3) He screwed the facts to suit his own purposes. 2. 尾辅音连缀尾辅音连缀 英语的尾辅音连缀包含两个辅音，有少英语的尾辅音连缀包含两个辅音，有少数包含三个辅音数包含三个辅音 (例如例如:next ,against )。包含两个辅音的尾辅音连缀有如下三种情包含两个辅音的尾辅音连缀有如下三种情况况: 1) /l/加加/p/t/k/b/d/t/d/ /m/n/f/v/s/。/-lp/help/-lt/melt/-lk/bulk/-lb/bulb/-ld/build/-lt/belch /- ld/ bulge/-lm/film/-ln/kiln/-lf/self /-lv/twelve/-l/health /-ls/else b) /n/加加/t/d/s/t/d/。 3) /s/加加/p/r/k/中的一个。中的一个。/-sp/ grasp; /-st/ west; /-sk/ ask/-nt/want;/-nd/hand; /- nt/bench;/- nd/change;/- n/month;/-ns/dance此外，常见的尾辅音连缀还有此外，常见的尾辅音连缀还有/-pt/-kt/-ks/-mp/-mf/-k/-ps/-pt/apt;/-kt/act; /-ks/axe;/-mp/lamp;/-mf/triumph;/-k/thank; /-ps/collapse3.词尾辅音连缀在口语中的读音技巧词尾辅音连缀在口语中的读音技巧1) 名词复数的读音技巧。英语规则名词的复数是名词复数的读音技巧。英语规则名词的复数是名词后面字母加名词后面字母加s或或es，词尾，词尾-s，-es的发音规则的发音规则为为a) -s，-es在清辅音后发在清辅音后发/s/b) -s，-es在元音和浊辅音后发在元音和浊辅音后发/z/c) -es在在/s/z/t/d/后发后发/iz/2) 词尾词尾/t/除外的清辅音除外的清辅音+/s/的辅音连缀在的辅音连缀在口语中发音时，词尾清辅音在口语中读得轻口语中发音时，词尾清辅音在口语中读得轻而短，而短，/s/读得稍重稍长读得稍重稍长;即即:s在清辅音后读在清辅音后读作作/s/。 a) I borrowed two books from the library.b) Do you usually judge people by their looks?c) He likes to gamble. 3) 词尾词尾/d/除外的浊辅音除外的浊辅音+/s/读辅音连缀在读辅音连缀在口语中发音口语中发音词尾词尾/d/除外的浊辅音除外的浊辅音+/s/的辅音连缀在的辅音连缀在口语中发音时，词尾清辅音在口语中读得口语中发音时，词尾清辅音在口语中读得轻而短，轻而短，/s/读得稍重稍长读得稍重稍长;即即:s在浊辅音在浊辅音后读作后读作/z/。a) I finally got the job of my dreams.b) Tell me all about your troubles.c) Congratulations on your new job.bend+s=bends 潜函病潜函病ask+ed=asked 请请bronze+d=bronzed 褐色，古铜色褐色，古铜色4.词尾三个辅音连缀在口语中的发音技巧词尾三个辅音连缀在口语中的发音技巧有些单词的词尾已有辅音连缀有些单词的词尾已有辅音连缀/-ft/-st/-ld/-nd/-nz/-ks/-ps/-sk/等，等，如再加如再加/s/z/t/d/，则形成三个辅音的，则形成三个辅音的连缀。连缀。英语首辅音连缀英语首辅音连缀 发音方法发音方法: : /tr/dr/发发首首辅辅音音连连缀缀/tr/时时，软软腭腭抬抬起起，舌舌尖尖抵抵上上齿齿龈龈后后部部以以形形成成阻阻碍碍，发发音音时时舌舌尖尖以以发发/r/音音的的动动作作解解除除阻阻碍碍，使使爆爆破破清清辅辅音音/t/与与/r/几几乎乎同同时时发发出出，形形成成/tr/。发发辅辅音音连连缀缀/dr/时时，软软腭腭抬抬起起，舌舌尖尖抵抵上上齿齿龈龈后后部部以以形形成成阻阻碍碍，发发音音时时，使使爆爆破破浊浊辅辅音音/d/与与/r/几几乎乎同同时时发发出出，形形成成/dr/。/tr/ a treea traina trip/dr/ a dressa dreama drinka driverdrunk对话演练对话演练 (dialogues)1) A: What can I do for you?B: Well，Ill join a make-up party，so I want to dress my hair strangely.A: No problem. The hairdresser is coming. But your hair is very dry, lets have a try toB: No, thanks. I just want to dress my hairstyle at once.2) A: Its too dreadful that so many people are crowding the train. B: Yes. And the traffic is too bad. A: My clothes are creased badly.B: But why not dress yourself casually?脱口而出脱口而出(Speak out)1) Why dont you give it a try, climb the tree to get your ball?2) This dress is very fashionable. Wont you have a try!3) There are several hundred people on the train.4) I saw a lot of treasure in my dream.英语尾辅音连缀英语尾辅音连缀 发音方法发音方法: : /ts/ /dz/发发尾尾辅辅音音连连缀缀/ts/时时，舌舌尖尖贴贴住住上上齿齿龈龈，堵堵住住气气流流，然然后后略略微微下下降降，气气流流随随之之泄泄出出口口腔腔，产产生生/ts/。发发辅辅音音/dz/时时，舌舌尖尖先先贴贴住住上上齿齿龈龈，堵堵住住气气流流，然然后后略略微微下下降降，气气流流随随之之泄泄出出口口腔腔，产产生生/dz/。这这两两个个辅辅音音主主要要出出现现在在以以t/d结结尾尾的的单单词加字母词加字母s时。时。/ts/ coatsjets petsseats/dz/ bedsads goodshands对话演练对话演练 (dialogues)1) A: What ads do you prefer?B: Some humorous ads.A: Well, this magazine could meet your needs. B: Oh, really. It has lots of humorous ads. Thanks.2) A: Do you like keeping pets? B: Yes, I have two cats and one of them will have several kids next week.A: In that case, youll have another several new cats.B: Yes. There might be three or four.B: Well, Ill make a list for you. A: I would like to have one of your new cats.B: No problem.A: Oh, I must prepare some pets things.脱口而出脱口而出(Speak out)1) Some people like keeping pets.2) Its raining cats and dogs.下着倾盆大雨。下着倾盆大雨。3) I bought a pair of boots.4) Im going to visit my parents on the holidays.5) Words are the key to beautiful English.9) False friends are worse than open enemies. 6) They had words but were reconciled later.7) Between friends all is shared.朋友之间不分彼此。朋友之间不分彼此。8) Old friends and old wine are best. Tongue TwistersJust think, that Sphinx has a sphincter that stinks!John, where Molly had had “had”, had had “had had”. “Had had” had had the teachers appoval.