一、单词拼写一、单词拼写根据读音、词性和词义写出单词。根据读音、词性和词义写出单词。1._kridn.四轮马车四轮马车,车厢车厢2._praivita.私人的私人的n.士兵士兵3._imprenn.印象印象4._rimaindv.提醒提醒vt.提醒提醒5._pri:vjsa.在在.之前之前,以前的以前的6._lkn.缺乏缺乏,v.缺乏缺乏,不足不足7._bendv.弯曲弯曲,屈服屈服8._presn.新闻界新闻界,压力压力v.按按,压压9._swifta.快的快的ad.快速地快速地10._m:stn.主人主人a.主人的主人的v.征服征服mastercarriageprivateimpressionremindpreviouslackbendpressswift11._saitn.景观景观,眼界眼界v.看见看见12._len.长度长度13._sistn.帮助帮助,协助协助v.协助协助14._rikwaiv.需要需要,要求要求15._setlmntn.解决解决,殖民殖民(地地),居留居留地地16._lukeinn.地点地点,位置位置17._knstnta.经常的经常的n.常数常数18._sraundia.周围的周围的n.环境环境19._ikstr:dinria.非常的非常的,特别的特别的20._switn.开关开关,转换转换v.转变转变,摆动摆动switchsightlengthassistrequiresettlementlocationconstantsurroundingextraordinary二、单词运用二、单词运用根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.Duetoanunexpectedemergency,wehadto_(length)ourstayinBeijingbythreedays.2.Howexcitingitistoworkinaspacestationwhichisdividedintozoneswith_(extraordinary)differentatmospheresandgravities!3.Thesehoveringcarriagesfloatabovethegroundandbybendingandpressingdownonthedrivingstickstronglyonecanmove_(swift).lengthenextraordinarilyswiftly4.Asiswellknown,thekeytoprotectingthewildlifeistoprotectthenatural_(surround)inwhichtheylive.5.Ihaveto_(constant)rubmyeyestoremindmyselfthatIhavetraveledtotheyearAD3005.6.Thehotelremindedme_theonewherewestayedlastwinter.7.Thenewteachermadegoodimpression_thestudentsbyherrichknowledgeandhumoroustalk.surroundingsconstantlyofon8.Ithinkfatherwouldliketoknow_Ivebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.9.Havingrecoveredfromtheterriblecaraccidentwiththedevotedcareofthenurse,sheis_(bend)onreturningtoworkassoonaspossible.10.Withallgifts_(wrap)beautifullyand_(place)undertheChristmastree,Motherandfathersmiledwithsatisfactionateachother.whatbentplacedwrapped三、词语派生三、词语派生用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.Ourcarbrokedownhalfwaydownthehighway,butthankstothe_(assist)ofanunknowntruckdriverwewerenotdelayedtoolong.2.Thepathbecomesvery_(mud)onrainydaysandmakesitdifficultforpeopletogoinorout.3.Thecompanyisunderincreasing_(press)toimprovepayandworkingconditions.assistancemuddypressure4.Astrikewascalledbecauselaborandmanagementcouldnotagreeupona_(settle).5.BelievingthatImetthe_(require)listedintheadvertisement,Iwrotealettertoapplyforaninterview.6.Witheightstudentslivinginonesmalldormitoryroom,youdonthavetoomuch_(private).7.Youllhavedirectaccesstoallavailablehotels,includingdetaileddescriptions;photosand_(locate)information.settlementrequirementsprivacylocation8.Youmaywanttosaywhat_(impress)thebookleftyouwith,oremphasizewhatyouwantyourreadertoknowaboutit.9.ABluetoothwirelessconnectionforanMP3headset（头戴式耳机）（头戴式耳机）isvery_(believe).10.Peoplearoundhimareusuallyinfectedbyhis_(optimistic).impressionbelievableoptimism四、词组互译四、词组互译将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1._占据（空间、时间）；从事占据（空间、时间）；从事2._看不见看不见3._给某人留下好印象给某人留下好印象4._朝各个方向朝各个方向5._结果；由于结果；由于6._横扫，掠过；扫掉横扫，掠过；扫掉7._加速加速8._遭受遭受9._瞥见瞥见catchsightoftakeuplosesightofmakeagoodimpressiononsb.inalldirectionsasaresult(of)sweepup/awayspeedupsufferfrom10.getbackononesfeet_11.assistsb.indoingsth._12.remindsb.ofsth._13.underrepair_14.haveanopportunitytodosth._15.innotime_完全恢复，振作起来完全恢复，振作起来帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事使某人想起使某人想起在维修中在维修中有机会做某事有机会做某事立刻，马上立刻，马上五、词组运用五、词组运用根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空。一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空。1.Theflight,intendedtohavearrivedat8oclock,wasdelayedfortwohours_fog.2.Ittookhim3yearsto_afterhismothersdeath,duringwhichtimehedidnothingbutworkandburyhimselfinhismemoriesofher.3.Thestory_me_myownchildhoodwhenIhadto_anumberofoddjobsto_mymother_keepingthewholefamilytogether.Luckily,withthefinancialsupportofadistantrelative,Ifinally_toenterateacherscollegeandlaterfoundajobinaprimaryschool.hadanopportunityasaresultofgetbackononesfeetremindedoftakeupassistin4.Hiscalmnessandwisdom_histeammatessotheychosehimtobetheteamleader.5.Thechild_hismotherinthesuppermarket,worried,cryingbitterly.6.Pleasedontrushmeagainandagain;Illfinishit_.7.AstheSpringFestivalwasdrawingnear,thefactory_production,requiringalltheworkerstoworkovertime,inthehopeoffulfillingtheordersbeforetheholiday.spedupmadeagoodimpressiononlostsightofinnotime8.Igotlostwhenwereachedwhatlookedlikealargemarketbecauseofthepeopleflyingby_.9.Withasigh,shebentdown,pickedupthetoysonthefloor,andthen_alltherubbish.10.Trafficwillbedivertedwhiletheroadis_.underrepairinalldirectionssweptupFirstimpressions. 第一印象第一印象.impressions:n.c印象印象;感想感想impress vt.我对他的印象很好我对他的印象很好. .Ihadaverygoodimpressionofhim.give sb. a favourable impressionmake an impression on sb. 给某人以好印象给某人以好印象给某人留下印象给某人留下印象这演说给我们留下了深刻的印象这演说给我们留下了深刻的印象. .Thespeechmadeastrongimpressiononus.Theteacherimpresseduswithhissenseofhumour. I still cannot believe that I am taking up . (1)接受接受(建议或挑战建议或挑战)(2)对对.产生兴趣产生兴趣Tomhastakenuppottery(陶艺陶艺).(3)开始从事开始从事,开始承担开始承担(4)着手处理着手处理,着手进行着手进行(5)占去占去(时间或空间时间或空间)Hetookupchallengewithcourage.Hedecidedtophotographashiscareer.Imgoingtotakethismatterupwithmylawyer.Writingthepapertookupmostoftheweekend.takeofftakeontakeouttakeovertakedowntakeintakeholdoftakesthbysurprisetakesthforsthtakeback脱下脱下, ,起飞起飞, ,成功成功雇佣雇佣, ,呈现呈现, ,接受接受拿出拿出, ,去掉去掉, ,扣除扣除接管接管, ,接任接任, ,占据占据取下取下, ,记下记下, ,拆卸拆卸接纳接纳, ,吸收吸收; ;领会领会, ,理解理解; ;欺骗欺骗IhavetoremindmyselfconstantlythatIamreallyinAD3008(1)constantly adv. 经常地，反复地经常地，反复地 constant adj.经常的，不变的，忠贞的经常的，不变的，忠贞的老人的手不停的颤抖老人的手不停的颤抖.The old mans hands shook constantly.He is constantly disturbing me.I am Jays constant fan and supporter.He has been constant in his scientific research.(2)remind vt.使记住使记住, ,提醒提醒; ; 使想起使想起; ;使记起使记起使某人想起某人使某人想起某人/ /某事某事提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事提醒某人提醒某人. .请提醒他迟些吃药请提醒他迟些吃药这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切. .Please remind him to take this medicine later.The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.He ed me that I hadnt written to Mother.remindsb.ofsb./sth.remindsb.todosth.remindsb.that/what/howAs a result, I suffered from “time lag”.(1)asaresult因此因此,结果结果asaresultofresultfromresultin由于由于起因于起因于导致导致(=leadto)天下雪天下雪, ,因此她迟到了因此她迟到了. .Itsnowed,asaresult,shewaslate.(2)suffer from患患(病病)因因.受困扰受困扰她为贫困所扰她为贫困所扰.Shesuffersfrompoverty.She suffers from headacheThisissimilartothe“jetlag”yougetfromflying,butitseemsyoukeepgettingflashbacksfromyourprevioustimeperiod.这就与你乘坐飞机会产生时差反应相似，所不这就与你乘坐飞机会产生时差反应相似，所不同的是，在你的脑子里似乎不断地闪现以前的同的是，在你的脑子里似乎不断地闪现以前的时光。时光。flashback闪回；倒叙。闪回；倒叙。Theeventsinhishappyfamilylifewereshowninflashback.他幸福的家庭生活是用倒叙法来表现的。他幸福的家庭生活是用倒叙法来表现的。“jetlag”喷气机飞行时差综合症。喷气机飞行时差综合症。(1)tolerate容忍，忍受容忍，忍受.(2)surroundings专指自然环境专指自然环境,从周围的事物这从周围的事物这一客体着眼一客体着眼.用用复数复数. environment可指自然环境可指自然环境,也可指精神环境也可指精神环境, 均从环境对人的感受均从环境对人的感受,道德观念的影响着眼道德观念的影响着眼.用用单单数数. eg: The boy grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a happy home environment.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.We simply cannot tolerate cheating in exams.我们就是不能容许考试作弊行为(3)lack n. 缺乏缺乏,不足不足,没有没有他擅长于自己的工作他擅长于自己的工作, ,但似乎缺乏信心但似乎缺乏信心.Heisgoodathisjobbutheseemstolackconfidence.Ihaventfinishedthepaintingfor_oftime.A.lackB.shortC.needD.wantAshortof是形容词短语是形容词短语.Theyedthemoneytosendhimtouniversity.v.缺乏缺乏, ,不足不足, ,没有没有Iswordswithwhichtoexpressmythanks.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。lackforlackofbelackinginhavenolackofHelackscourage=Heislackingincourage.Theplantsdiedforlackofwater.Theylackedfornothing,butmoney.ache vi. & n. 疼痛疼痛爬山以后爬山以后,他全身疼痛他全身疼痛.我的背有点疼我的背有点疼.Afterclimbingthemountain,heachedallover.Ihaveabitofanacheinmyback.辨析辨析:ache 指较轻微指较轻微,局部的持续疼痛局部的持续疼痛;pain 泛指各种程度的疼痛泛指各种程度的疼痛,并常用来指精神上的并常用来指精神上的痛苦痛苦.Mybodyisallachesandpains.I felt better in no time.in no time at no time他们马上就回来他们马上就回来.Theywillbebackinnotime. at once not at all allthetimeatalltimesattimesforatimeforthetimebeingatatimeatonetime一直一直随时随时, ,永远永远有时有时暂且暂且, ,短时间内短时间内暂且暂且依次依次, ,逐一逐一, ,每次每次从前从前SoonIwasbackonmyfeetagainbebackononesfeet东山再起东山再起Imbackonmyfeet.我已经好了（痊愈了）。我已经好了（痊愈了）。Hecantwaittogetbackonhisfeet.他实在按耐不住了，想重振旗鼓。他实在按耐不住了，想重振旗鼓。Isshebackonherfeet?她好了吗？她好了吗？These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly.(1)by doing 常表方式常表方式,方法或手段方法或手段.她靠卖报纸挣钱她靠卖报纸挣钱.Sheearnedmoneybysellingnewspapers.(2)bend使弯曲使弯曲,屈身屈身她弯下腰捡起一块石头她弯下腰捡起一块石头Shebentdownandpickedupastone.Touchyourtoeswithoutbendingyourknees.集中集中( (全力全力) )于于她专心致志于这项工作她专心致志于这项工作. .Shebenthermindtothejob.(3) press v./ n. v./ n. 按按, ,压压, ,挤挤; ;新闻新闻; ;逼迫逼迫Hisheadwasbentoverabook.Ipressedthebuttonbutnobodyansweredthedoor.Theshoeispressingmytoe.Timepresses.Makeupyourmind.TheEnglish-ChineseDictionaryisinnow.(4)swiftly adv.迅速的迅速的,敏捷的敏捷的 swift adj.他沿着黑暗的街道迅速地走回家去他沿着黑暗的街道迅速地走回家去. .辨析辨析: swift侧重动作的轻快侧重动作的轻快,顺利顺利; rapid 侧重事物的进展迅速侧重事物的进展迅速,表示动作快可与表示动作快可与 swift 互换互换; quick侧重动作的快侧重动作的快,与与swift可互换可互换;fast 侧重速度的快侧重速度的快.He walked swiftly towards home down the dark street.I lose sight of Wang Pingin all directions lose sight of: 看不见看不见, ,忽视忽视, ,失去联系失去联系我和他完全失掉了联系我和他完全失掉了联系. .Ihavelostsightofhimentirely.catchsightofatfirstsightoutofsightin/withinsightatthesightof看见看见乍一看乍一看看不到看不到, ,在视野外在视野外看的见看的见, ,在视野内在视野内一看见一看见.IcaughtsightofhergettingonthebuswhenIcameoutofthebookstore.我从书店出来时看见她上了公共汽车我从书店出来时看见她上了公共汽车. .(2) in all directions 向四面八方向四面八方敌人向四面八方逃窜敌人向四面八方逃窜. .Theenemiesfledinalldirections.He was swept up into.sweep up 扫除扫除,清扫清扫,横扫横扫Shewaslefttosweepupaftertheparty.The strong wind swept up the leaves into the air.12. Exhausted, I slid into bed and.exhausted此处是形容词此处是形容词,作状语作状语,表原因表原因.slide v. 偷偷地移动偷偷地移动;潜行潜行;(使使)滑动滑动船滑入水中船滑入水中. .Theshipslid(down)intothewater.1.Thiskindofplantwilldieincontinuouslyrainy_.A.conditionB.surroundingC.environmentsD.surroundings2.Isawpeoplecoming_alldirectionstoattendtheKiteFlyingFestival.A.toB.ofC.inD.out3.Thesecretaryremindedme_therewasameetingthatafternoon.A.ofB.aboutC.thatD.onDCCChoose the best answer4.Theywillbeastallasyousoonifthey_.A.keepongrowinglikethatB.keeptogrowlikeitC.keepgrowinglikethatD.willkeepgrowinglikethat 5.Farmerscanincreasetheircorncropsthreetimessimply_wateringtheirfields.A.throughB.withC.byD.in6.TheremustbenolifeontheMarsfor_ofairthere.A.lackB.lackingC.shortD.emptyCCA8.Catching_sightoftheirheadteachercoming,thestudentsfellsilencein_flash.A.the;theB./;aC.the;/D./;/9.Hegivespeopletheimpression_allhislifeabroad.A.ofhavingspentB.tohavespentC.ofbeingspentD.tospendBA7.Astherearecarsandbusespassingby,Icouldnt_mymindtomystudy.A.bendB.putC.fixD.concentrateAGrammarGrammarPastparticiple(3)usedasAdverbial&Attribute过去分词过去分词 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式形式, ,表示完成和被动的动作。它表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当状语、定语等成在句子中可以充当状语、定语等成分。分。过去分词与现在分词作状语过去分词与现在分词作状语过过去去分分词词表表完完成成、被被动动,与与主主句句主主语语之之间间是是被被动动关关系系;现现在在分分词词表表进进行行,主主动动,与与主主句句主主语语之之间间是是主主动动关关系系。如如果果一一个个被被动动的的动动作作发发生生在在谓谓语语动动词词之之前前,则则可可使使用用现现在在分分词词的的完完成成被被动动式式或或过过去去分词。分词。过去分词表完成、被动过去分词表完成、被动,作状语时作状语时,其逻辑主语是主句的主语其逻辑主语是主句的主语,且与主语且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间状语可表时间,原因原因,让步让步,结果结果,方方式式,条件等。条件等。观察下列的句子观察下列的句子:Oncepublished,hisworks(=Oncehisworkswaspublished,)becamefamousfortheabsenceofrhymeattheendofeachline.PPPP作时间状语作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从相当于一个时间状语从句有时过去分词前可加连词句有时过去分词前可加连词when或或while来强调时间概念。来强调时间概念。过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语1.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.Whenheated,icewillbechangedintowater.2.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointed.Seenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语1.Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.Givenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.2.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.过去分词作条件或者假设状语过去分词作条件或者假设状语1.Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.2.IfIamcomparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.作作方式或方式或伴随伴随情况状语情况状语1.Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.Thehunterlefthishouse,andhewasfollowedbyhisdog.2.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.Shesatbythewindow,andshewaslostinthought.lost表示一种迷失心理状态表示一种迷失心理状态1)过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。让步状语等。2)过去分词作状语时过去分词作状语时, ,过去分词的逻辑过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。主语与句子主语一致。Summary过去分词作状语过去分词作状语:过去分词有两大特点：过去分词有两大特点：1. 表示被动的动作；表示被动的动作；2. 表示已经完成的动作表示已经完成的动作, 因此因此,当过去分当过去分词作状语的时候一定要搞清楚分词与词作状语的时候一定要搞清楚分词与主语的逻辑关系被动主语的逻辑关系被动, 例如例如:Rewritewithproperconjunctions1.Unitedwestand,dividedwefail.If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided, we will fail.Example:2.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.When he was asked what had happened, he told us about it.3.Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Because he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.4.Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. 5.OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.Once it was translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.6.Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.Because she was deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.7.Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.Although he was left alone at home，Sam did not feel afraid at all.用用过去分词作状语来改写句子。过去分词作状语来改写句子。1.AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays._,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Worriedaboutthejourney2.Ifheisgiventime,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer._,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.3)AsIwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair._,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.GiventimeConfusedbythenewsurroundings4)Whenhewasquestionedbythepoliceaboutthefire,hebecametense. _ _ _,hebecametense.QuestionedbythepoliceaboutthefireFindoutthesentenceswithsamemeaning.1.AsIwasworried aboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.2.WhileIwas confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.Confused by the new surrounding, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.3.AsIwas exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.1.Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.wefollowed(跟着那个老人跟着那个老人,我们上去了我们上去了)2.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.(wewere)(被那个老人跟着被那个老人跟着,我们上去了我们上去了)Compare3.从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen4.从太空看从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。_fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.SeenDifferencebetweenthePresentParticipleandthePastParticiple_foralongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧._thebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用._ather,hejumpedwithjoy._atbyher,hejumpedwithjoy.UsedUsingLookingLooked注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。词，反之就用过去分词。CompleteeachsentenceusingthePastParticipleoftherightverb.1) _ by noises in the night, the girl no longer dare to sleep in her room.2) The lady returned home, _ by two policemen.frightentrapfollowshootFrightenedfollowed3) If _ in a burning building, you should send for help.4) Although _in the leg, he continued firing at the police.trapped shot过去分词作定语过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系存在着逻辑上的被动关系,且表示该动作且表示该动作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语,通常通常置于被修饰的词的前面置于被修饰的词的前面,而分词短语作定而分词短语作定语语,则须置于被修饰词的后面。则须置于被修饰词的后面。Attention1.LastSundaywewentonanorganizedtriptotheforest.上星期我们组织了一次去森林的旅行。上星期我们组织了一次去森林的旅行。2.Aletterpostedtodaywillreachhimthedayaftertomorrow.今天发出的信后天就能收到。今天发出的信后天就能收到。分词作分词作定语定语可以转换成定语从句可以转换成定语从句:Heworkedasaworkerbuildingroads.(主动主动)=Heworkedasaworkerwho/thatbuiltroads.Thisisapicturepaintedbymyfather.(被动被动)=Thisisapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyfather.Iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench.(在进行在进行) )=Iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.( (已完成已完成) ) =Theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。语，前后常有逗号。Someofthem,born and brought up in country villages,hadneverseenatrain.他们当中有一些人他们当中有一些人,生长在农村，从未见过生长在农村，从未见过火车。火车。过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况:单个的过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被通常放在被修饰的名词之前修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意表示被动和完成意义。义。1.前置定语A.被动意义：被动意义：anhonoredguest一位受尊敬的客人一位受尊敬的客人(受伤的工人受伤的工人)arenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.B.完成意义完成意义aretiredteacher一位退休的教师一位退休的教师Theyarecleaning(落落叶叶)intheyard.The injured workersthe fallen leaves2.后置定语后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被通常放在被修饰的名词之后修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个它的作用相当于一个定语从句。定语从句。Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten.=Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvited(=)toyourpartlastnight?that has ever been writtenwho had been invited如果被修饰的词是由如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指所构成的复合代词或指示代词示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：例如：Isthereanythingunsolved?ThereisnotingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.注意注意: : 1.TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.,didntincludewomenuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobeplaying考点点拨考点点拨简析简析:首先首先,根据语法分析可知根据语法分析可知,待选待选部分是一个作定语、修饰部分是一个作定语、修饰TheOlympicGames的后置分词短语的后置分词短语;再根再根据据TheOlympicGames对于动词对于动词play来说只能是被动承受来说只能是被动承受,且已完成且已完成(in776B.C.)。因此。因此,该题应选该题应选C。2.Whatsthelanguage_inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak简析简析:该题应选该题应选B。测试过去分词作测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句等于定语从句whichisspoken。3.Mostoftheartists_tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited简析简析:该题应选该题应选A。测试过去分词作。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句等于定语从句whowereinvited。4.Thecomputercentre,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened简析简析:该题应选该题应选D。测试过去分词短语测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后作定语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非可以用非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句“whichwasopenedlastyear”代替。代替。5.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written简析简析:该题应选该题应选D。测试过去分词作后测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动置定语表达被动,等于定语从句等于定语从句whichwerewritten。另外另外,分词作状语时分词作状语时,如果其逻辑如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时主语与整个句子的主语不一致时,需需要独立主格结构或要独立主格结构或with复合结构来复合结构来替代。替代。(此时此时,也可把该分词看成介词也可把该分词看成介词的宾语补足语。的宾语补足语。)例例:Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied简析简析:很显然很显然,待选部分的逻辑主语是待选部分的逻辑主语是hishands,而不是句子的主语而不是句子的主语Themurderer,而而hishands对于动词对于动词tie来来说说,只能是被动承受。因此只能是被动承受。因此,该题应选该题应选D。6.When_ifshewouldrequestarise,theactresssaidthatmoneywasnotimportant.A.askedB.askingC.havingaskedD.beingasked7.YesterdayIsawinthenewspaperateachingpost_ataschoolclosetomyhomeandIwantedtoapplyforit.A.advertisesB.advertisingC.advertisedD.toadvertise1.Ilikereadingthenovels_(write)byZhangAiling.2.Thegirl_(write)aletterinthestudyismycousin.3.ThereissomethingwrongwithmycarandIhavetogetit_(repair).writtenwritingrepairedFilling in the blanks.4.Iwantthedoorsofmynewhouse_(paint)white.5.Therewasa_(surprise)lookonhisface.6.Hewas_(excite)atthegoodnews.7.Thestorywasso_(move)thathewas_(move)totears.paintedsurprisedexcitedmovingmoved用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1._(use)inthisway,thewordshouldntbetakenasaverb.2._(arm)withspecialguns,knivesandbrushes,twospacewalkingastronautspracticedfixingthespacecraft.3.Though_(catch)inatrafficjam,wemanagedtoarriveattheairport.UsedArmedcaught4.Susanisnoteasytogetalongwith.Butonce_(gain),herfriendshipwilllastforever.5.Henrydidntattendtheparty_(hold)atTomshouselastnight,forhewasbusypreparingforhisexam.gainedheld