议论文（ 观点对比型、各抒己见型）v观点对比型观点对比型v1.提纲式作文：按照表格或提示提纲式作文：按照表格或提示言之有言之有序序，老师是找点给分的。，老师是找点给分的。v2.开放式作文：找到开放式作文：找到最本质最本质的特征。的特征。v思维训练思维训练模式：模式：a. listing;v b. reasoning;v c. brain storm.表示时间关系：first, second, then, finally/at lastin the end , soon， immediately, suddenly, at the same time, meanwhile, recently表示对称顺序关系：表示对称顺序关系：for one thing. for the other thing, on one hand,.on the other hand，above all, first of all, firstly, secondly, next, finally，the former.the latter, 表示递进关系：表示递进关系：what is more, as well, moreover, besides ,furthermore, in addition，whats worse表示换一种方式表达：表示换一种方式表达：in other words ,that is to say,表示举例说明：表示举例说明：for example, like, such as, for instance 表示陈述事实：表示陈述事实：in fact ,actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth表示总结：表示总结：on the whole, in a word, to sum up, in short, in conclusion, from what I have said above表示因果关系：表示因果关系：as a result ,thus, therefore, so that, as, because, consequently,表示转折：表示转折：but, however, while, instead, although, different from, not only .but also表达自己的观点：表达自己的观点：in my opinion, personally, as far as I know, I believe, I think, as we all know ,It is known to us all that.范例范例1：假如你事实李华，你班同学最近开长了一场讨论，主题：假如你事实李华，你班同学最近开长了一场讨论，主题是：高三学生要不要参加体育锻炼，请根据下面所提供的信息，是：高三学生要不要参加体育锻炼，请根据下面所提供的信息，写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况，并发表自己的观点写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况，并发表自己的观点比例比例你的观你的观点点观点观点支持支持反对反对主要理由主要理由应该明天进应该明天进行体育锻炼行体育锻炼做早操，打乒乓做早操，打乒乓球，打篮球，但球，打篮球，但时间不要过时间不要过锻炼能增强质减锻炼能增强质减少疾病锻炼少疾病锻炼能使大脑休息，能使大脑休息，使学习效果更好使学习效果更好锻炼浪费锻炼浪费时间锻时间锻炼使人疲劳炼使人疲劳锻炼以锻炼以后很兴奋，后很兴奋，较长时间不较长时间不能学习能学习锻炼中可能锻炼中可能受伤受伤1.关键词语关键词语体育锻炼体育锻炼做早操做早操增强体质增强体质减少疾病减少疾病休息休息学习有效果学习有效果浪费时间浪费时间投入学习投入学习受伤受伤take exercisesdo morning exercisesbuild up the bodyreduce the diseasehave a reststudy more effectivelya waste of time pay attention to studybe hurt2.作文结构作文结构1.have had a discussion about whether students of Senior 3 should take physical exercises. As we know, every coin has two coins./Different students have different ideas .2.55%of the students think.such as(举例举例).（原因（原因）.3.On the other hand,45% of the students believe.(原因原因）.4.In my opinion, I prefer to 3.范文：范文： Recently , we have had a discussion about whether have had a discussion about whether students of Senior 3 should take physical exercises. As we know, every coin has two coins. 55%of the students think they should take all kinds of exercises every day ,such as doing morning exercises, playing table tennis and playing basketball, but not spend too much time on them . As a proverb says ,” all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Exercise builds up their body and reduce lots of diseases. Sports let them have a good rest so that their study will be more effective. On the other hand,45% of the students believe taking exercise is a waste of time and tiring. After taking exercise, they are too excited for a long time to pay attention to their lessons. And its possible to be hurt in sports.In my opinion, I prefer to take proper exercises in my spare time. 练习：练习：“你们班会的讨论主题是你们班会的讨论主题是“上大学是高中上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗？生唯一的出路吗？”请根据下面提供的信息写一请根据下面提供的信息写一偏短文，客观的介绍下讨论的情况，并发表自己的偏短文，客观的介绍下讨论的情况，并发表自己的观点观点比例比例观点观点上大学上大学无所谓无所谓不上大学不上大学理由理由增长知识，增长知识，提高素养，提高素养，利于择业利于择业成功的路成功的路不只一条不只一条学费高，学费高，就业难就业难我的看法我的看法关键词语：关键词语：widen knowledge, improve qualities, high tuition, senior students关键句子：关键句子：of us consider it necessary to go to college 10% of students think it no use going to college 30% believe “All roads lead to Rome.”范例范例2 2：某某中中学学生生英英语语报报社社正正开开展展一一场场题题为为“Young Young teachers teachers or or elderly elderly teachersteachers，which do you prefer?which do you prefer?”请你依据下面表格所提供的要点写一篇短文，向该报社投稿。请你依据下面表格所提供的要点写一篇短文，向该报社投稿。老年教师老年教师青年教师青年教师教学耐心讲解细致经验丰富教学耐心讲解细致经验丰富精力充沛教学活泼勇于创新精力充沛教学活泼勇于创新你的观点你的观点?注注意意：1 1词词数数100100左左右右，开开头头语语已已为为你你写写好好，不不计计入入总总数数；2 2短短文必须包含表格的全部内容。要求观点明确，结构合理，紧凑连贯文必须包含表格的全部内容。要求观点明确，结构合理，紧凑连贯学生作品学生作品1：Comparewithyoungteachers,Ipreferelderlyteachers.Therearesomereasonsbelow.Foronething,mostofelderlyteachersarepatientinteaching.Theynotonlysparenoefforttoteachthestudents,butalsogiveclassescarefully.Theywilldoalltheycantomakethestudentsunderstandtheteachingcontent.Whatgoodteachers!Foranotherthing,elderlyteachersarefullofteachingexperience.Thisisalsothemostimportant,especiallyforusseniorstudents.Thisisonlymyopinion.Ithinkyoungteachersarealsogood.点评：亮点：1、观点鲜明，词汇句型的运用比较灵活2、过渡词及连词的使用使文章结构紧凑连贯、条理清楚。2、审题不全面，忽略了对青年教师这部分信息的处理。这一点是比较大的失误。1)2)3)1)Compared2)more3)trytomaketheclasseslivelyandinteresting不足之处：1、个别地方的表达需要改进。学生作品学生作品2: Opinions are divided on this question. Some students who like the elderlyteachers more than the young ones think thatthe elderly ones are more patient in teaching, more careful in explaining and also have a lot of experience. However, the others have a differentopinion. They think the teachers who areyoung are full of energy. Besides, theirteaching is lively and they dare to bring inthe new ideas. Well, in my opinion, I like both the elderlyteachers and the young ones because fromthem we both can learn a lot.点评：点评：亮点：亮点：1、段落清楚，要点齐、段落清楚，要点齐全，句式表达比较灵全，句式表达比较灵活，能适当运用复句。活，能适当运用复句。2、过渡词运用也比较、过渡词运用也比较熟练。熟练。需要改进的地方：需要改进的地方：1）2)3)4)1) prefer the elderly teachers to the young ones2) with explanations3) the 去掉去掉4) The young teachersOne possible version:Opinions are divided on this question. Some students may like elderly teachers teaching because they think elderly teachers have more teaching experience and that they tend to be patient and careful with explanations. However, I prefer to be taught by young teachers. Firstly, we students have much in common with them. So they are our friends as well as our teachers. Secondly, they are more .energetic and enthusiastic. Usually they can make their classes lively and interesting. Besides, they are more ready to accept or create new ideas, including teaching. Thirdly, most young teachers devote themselves to their work, making them teach creatively and effectively. In a word, I prefer young teachers to elderly teachers.练习练习：人们对于网上交友持不同的意见请用英语写一篇学生：人们对于网上交友持不同的意见请用英语写一篇学生网上教友的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的观点网上教友的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的观点赞成的理由赞成的理由反对的理由反对的理由你的看法你的看法广交朋友广交朋友可自由表达思想可自由表达思想利于外语学习利于外语学习浪费时间浪费时间影响学习影响学习可能上当受骗可能上当受骗关键词：关键词：make friends ,express feeling freely ,foreign studies, a waste of time, get cheated online. 关键句子：关键句子：Students should place their study ,health ,and safety before other things . 2001年高考书面表达v假设你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友Dick听说中国的中小学正在减轻学生的学习负担，来信询问有关情况。请你根据下表提供的信息，写一封回信，谈一谈减负给你的学习和生活带来的变化。周末活动周末活动（减负前）（减负前）周末活动（减负周末活动（减负后）后）白天：上白天：上课、做作课、做作业业白天：参观博物白天：参观博物馆、学习电脑、馆、学习电脑、绘画等绘画等晚上：做晚上：做作业作业晚上：看新闻、晚上：看新闻、读书、看报读书、看报就寝时间：就寝时间：1111：3030就寝时间：就寝时间：1010：00002001年高考书面表达vDear Dick,v How nice to hear from you again. You want to know what is going on in schools in China? In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load. I dont know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. Now I have more free time. I can follow my own interests such as reading books, visiting museums, and taking computer lessons. In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. Whats more, I can go to bed earlier. As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things. v Best wishes,v Li Hua2002年高考书面表达v最近，你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：公园要不要收门票？请你根据下表所提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论情况。60%60%的同学的同学认为认为40%40%的同学的同学认为认为1.1.不应该不应该收门票收门票2.2.公园是公园是公众休闲的公众休闲的地方地方3.3.如收门如收门票，需建大票，需建大门、围墙，门、围墙，会影响城市会影响城市形象形象1 1应收应收门票，但票门票，但票价不要高价不要高2 2支付支付园林工人工园林工人工资资3 3购新购新花木花木 Dear Editor,vIm writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. vOpinions are divided on the question. 60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees. They believed a public park should be free of charge. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city.vOn the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees. They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.v Yours truly,v Li Hua观点对立型写作模板v1.正反观点对比正反观点对比v The topic about 话题 is becoming more and more popular in 范围 recently. There are two sides of opinion about it.v Some people prefer to consider doing sth.They think that 理由一，whats more,理由二，moreover,理由三。v However,others belive 观点is a better choice for free reasons. To begin with, 理由一，next，理由二，inaddition, 理由三。v From my point of view, the formmer is surely a wise choice. The reason is that 原因。 v2.优缺点对比v In recent years, 所要讨论的问题has been popular. There are many advantages in First, 优点一，second，优点二，third，优点三。v However，there are some disadvantages. First, 缺点一，besides，缺点二，also，缺点三。v In my opinion, it is true that advantages are more than disadvantages. I think 自己的观点。各抒己见型议论文v要注意的几个问题：v1.主题句的问题。v2.段落衔接的问题，要有过渡句。v3.论据到底应分几点来说？ 典型、 精炼v4.议论文一定要有架构意识。2007 山东省高考书面表达v 今年，教育部直属师范大学将招收一批免费师范生，学生毕业后须回生源所在省份的中小学 任教十年以上，你愿意成为一名免费师范生吗？请陈述理由。v Yes, I want to be such a student.v First, it goes without saying that a four-term-free pay will set me free from the high tuition, which is usually to be a heavy financial burden for my family.Then, I could entirely throw myself into my study.v Second, I love teaching and have a long-cherished dream to be a teacher. I maintain that nothing can give me more pleasure than teaching because I am eager to see my students make progress and be the backbone of our country in the future. Moreover, to be a teacher is one part of my duties that I should do.By doing this I can make good contributions to our countrys education. v Therefore, I take great pride to do that and I will do the best I can do and be the best I can be.