【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版目录，、词类、句子成分和构词法：2l,、名词.4代词：.4 四、数词：8五、冠词9六、形容词、副词.19七、介词.16丿、动词181、动词的分类：.182、动词词形变化一览表：.203、be动词的各种时态变化214、其它谓语动词（主动语态）的时态变化.225、八种时态的具体用法：226、被动语态：257、动词的非谓语形式.268、动词用法辨析：28九、连接词.32十、简单句33十一、句子成分351、主语：.352、谓语：.353、宾语：.364、表语：.375、定语：.376、状语：377、宾语补足语：.38十二、简单句五种基本句型：38十三、井列复合句38十四、主从复合句38十五、直接引语和间接引语（初中不作特别要求）40十六、倒装句.41十七、附加注释.41、I荡类句子咸分和掏词法1、词类英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。1名词(n.)：表示人事物地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy,morning, bag, ball class, . 2、代词(pron.）：主要用来代替名词。如：who,she, you, it. 3、形容词(adj.）：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good,right, white, orange. 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one,two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am,is,are,have,see. 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now,very, here, often 7、冠词(art.）：用在名词前帮助说明名词。如：a,an, the. 介词(pre如：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in,on, from, above,. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and,but, before. 10、感叹词(inte小）表示喜怒哀乐等感清。如：oh,well hi, hello. 2、句子成分英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物，回答是“谁”或者”什么。通常用名词或代词担任。如：Im Miss Green. 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态回答“做（什么）。主要由动词担任。如：丿ackc/eansthe room. 3、表语在系动词之后，说明主语的身份或特征，回答是“什么”或者“怎么样。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：Mynameis!l.!.9.P.!。4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果，回答做的是“什么。通常由名词或代词担任。如：Hecanspe/1 有些及物动词带有两个宾语，一个指物，一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语，指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语般放在直接宾语的前面。如：Hewrote me a letter. 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语放在直接宾语后面来强调间接宾语。如：Hewrote a letter to me. 5、定语修饰名词或代词通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：Shanghai is a血city.6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词通常由副词担任。如：Heworks住也17、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么，通常由形容词或动词充当。如：Theyusually keep their classroom-/ He often helps me 5!.!.亚essons.女同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面进一步说明它的清况。如：Whereis x_our classmate Tom? 3、构词法英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。1、合成法：如：spaceship,headache, basketball playground等等。2、派生法：(1)派生名词：动词er/or动词ing动词（t)ion形容词ness其他如：inventor,learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge (2)派生形容词：名词y名词fu/动词ing/ed friendly dangerous Chinese;丿apanese(J)English French German国名（ian如：snowy, sunny, hopeful beautiful interesting, fol/wing, dai.从每日的），nervous,delicious (3)派生副词：形容词ly其它如：slowly,angrily, fu/1-+fully, good-+well possible-+possibly等等。3、转换法：(1)形容词一动词如：dr从干燥的）dr从弄干），c/ea爪干净的）-+clean（打扫弄干净），等等。(2)动词一名词如：/ook, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。(3)名词一动词如：hand,手）一（传递），fac的脸）一（面对）等等。(4)形容词一副词如：early-early, fast-+ fast等等。(5)副词一连词如：when(什么时候）一（当时候）等等。(6)介词一副词如：in(到里）一（在里面；在家），on（在上）一（进行，继续）等等。二名词1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如：Beijing,Tom, the People s Republic of China(中华人民共和国）专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语，则必须使用定冠词the。如：theGreatWa/【长城）姓氏名如果采用复数形式则表示该姓氏家人（复数含义）如：theGreens(格林一家人）。2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如：pupilfamily, man, foot. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词如：box, child, orange, 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water,news, oil population, information. 2、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：在单数名词词尾加s。如：map-+ maps,boy-+ boys,horse-+ horses, table-+ tables. s,o,x,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：class-+classes,box-+ boxes, hercr寸？eroes,dish -dishes, bench-+benches. 注：少数以o结尾的词，变复数时只加s。如：photo-+photos,piano-+pianos. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i,再加es。如：family-families, city-cities, party-parties. 以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v;再加es戌D-.she/f一shelves,wolf一wolves,life - lives 2、不规则变化：man-+men,woma斤.women, shee飞heep,toot片叮eeth,fish - fish, child- children, ox-oxen, goose-+ geese 不可数名词般没有复数形式说明其数量时要用有关计量名词。如：abag of rice-+ two bags of rice, a piece of paper少threepieces of paper, a bottle of milk-夕five bottles of milk. 3、名词所有格：1、名词所有格表示所属关系相当千物主代词，在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加s。如：ChildernsDa_从儿童节），mysister s book(我姐姐的书）(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加。如：TeachersDa,从教师节）(3)有些表示时间距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加s.如：-today5newspapet(今天的报纸），te_l_1.mfl_1_ute5.，breaK十分钟的课间休息），Chinaspopu/ation(中国的人口）(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词，一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如：a fine daughter of the Part)(党的好女儿）2、注解: s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺，如：myaunt.s(我阿姨家），thedoct可.s(诊所）两人共有某物时，可以采用Aand Bs的形式如：bedroom of名词所有格名词性物主代词，称为双重所有格，如：afriend !f my. a friend of mine 4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：1、遇洹和谓语基本保廿寺单复数的致，即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时谓语动词用单数形式如：agreat invention. lass 杠verycold. 2、集体名词（如family,class, team, group, row, police, schoo等）做句子主语时， 如果表示整体概念则谓语用单数形式如：a very good class. 如果表示其中的所有成员时，则谓语用复数形式如：ClassThree have a map of China. 3、Chinese，丿apanese,fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数表示许多时谓语用复数。如：There_生in the yard/ There in the yard 4、maths,news等虽然有s结尾但不是复数因此谓语仍用单数：The news往veryexciting. 5、glasses,shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式故谓语用复数。如： very cheap and I want to take them. 6、alot of后踉名词复数时谓语用复数形式踉不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：Alot of students are baseball now. A lot of time was wasted on that work.（被动句）7、and连接两个名词做主语时谓语原则上用复数，但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时，谓语则用单数。如：TheteacherandhissonarepieKingapp/esnow./FKhand 孛但veryfamous food 8、there be句型中be的单复数由靠近的名词决定。如：Thereis a table and four chairs in the room. 9、用both.and连接两个事物做主语时，谓i吾一般用复数。如：BothyouandI翌歹 to be here tomorrow 10、主语中含有with的短语时谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：Awoman with a 7-year-old child at the side of the road 1 L either. or.或者neither.nor.连接两个人物做句子主语时谓语采用就近原则。如：Eitheryou or f_ right. / Neither you nor.!空!going there. 12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时谓语一般用单数。如：Twomonths住not a short time. -f_ quite a long distance(距离）13、主语中含有halfof. / (three quarters)of. / all (of) the等词语时谓语的单复数由名词确定如：Overthree quarters of the information on the Internet 杠inEnglish / A third of the students playing near the lake.但是population词又有特殊情况：What!_of China?/ Three quarters of the in this city Arab.s(阿拉伯人）（句子用复数）5、部分名词用法辨析：1、sport.game. match. race的区别：sport通常指“户外运动，以锻炼为主概念较大；game意思是“运动比赛”，不管户内户外还是脑力体力指以胜负为主的运动；match意为竞赛比赛“多指正式比赛；race主要表示“赛跑、赛马赛车”。如：Peopleall around the world enjoy丑竺生5.（全世界的人都喜爱运动）/The 2008 Olympic will be held in Beijing.(2008奥运会将在北京举行）（被动句）/ Our school football team won the league氓联赛）（我们学校足球队取得了联赛冠军）Theywere strong and won the boat.（汤他们很棒嬴得了划艇比赛）2、festival.holiday. vacation的区别：festival”节日”指喜庆的日子或持续一段时间的文娱活动；holiday(假日、休息日），指法定假日或风俗习惯复数可以表示一个较长的假期；vacation“假期”，指学习或工作中段长时间的休息。如：TheShanghai Television will be held next month./ Sunday is a and most people do not work. / What are you going to do during the summer vacation/ hoIidays? 3、丿ourney.tour. trip. travel的区别：journey指在陆地上（或海上或空中）进行的长途旅行，不知终点含有辛苦的意思；tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行，强调游览多处，常用来指观光等；trip通常指往返定时的短途旅行如出差度假等；travel多指长期或长途的观光旅行，尤其指到国外，没有明确目的地也作不可数名词指旅行这一行为。如：He made up his mind to make the to Dunhuang./ He has gone on a walking竺匹Hetook severa位迩toShanghai last yeaar. / Did you go to Santiago(圣地亚哥）duringyour?/ through thick forests is dangerous. 4、sound.noise. voice的区别：sound指各种声音；noise主要指“噪音”;voice指人的嗓音”。如：TheIJ-5!f !_e of the street kept me awake in the night./ All of a sudden there was the of shots and a cry. / The singer has lost her ringing as a result of a bad cold 5、fish的问题：指许多条鱼且不管种类时，用fi动单复数相同；fishes指许多种类的鱼；fish指“鱼肉时是不可数名词。如：Thereare many kinds of in the pool / I prefer fish to meat 二、代词1、代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。2、人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称，分为主格和宾格两种形式。:; :;“心!:;,1第三人称复数复数复数如：主I you he she it we you they（他格（我）（你）（他）（她）（它）( 我( 你们，她们，们）们）它们）宾me you him her it us you them（他格（我）（你）（他）（她）（她）( 我( 你们，她们，们）们）它们）1、主格用来作句子的主语、表语。如：!_often go shopping on Sundays.（星期天我常去购物）Are中from Braz，只他们是巴西人吗？）/Where have_J_压ygone只他们上哪儿去了？）Thatsft:_（就那么回事）Its住汛是他！）2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Whoteaches J!E. English this year只今年谁教你们的英语？）Help堕郅救救我！）/We often write letters to 应（我们常给他写信）3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时可以用主格形式也可以用宾格形式口语中大多用宾格。如：- -Who is it只是谁？）tsl/me.（是我。）4、三个不同人称同时出现或者主语中包含“我时按照“you-he-I的顺序表达。Both压andJ_ are working at that computer company.（我和他都在那家电脑公司上班）-Who will go there?（谁要去那儿？）Youandme.（你和我）5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况等含义，此外还可以作“非人称代词“使用替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。如：-Whats the weather like today？一rsfine. / -Whats the time?-! s 12: 00. / ! s a long way to go./! took him three days-妒svery clear ublic want to know when these men can-/ We found ft very difficult控learn a foree well 3、物主代词：说明事物所属关系的代词，分为形容词性和名词性两种。第一人第二人第三人称单数第一人第二阳性阴性中性称复人称第三人称复数称单览称单数数复数形容my your his her its our your their (f也们的她词性（我（你的）（他（她（它（我们（你们们的，它们的）的）的）的）的）的）的）名词m. Ine Yours his hers its ours yours theirs（他们的她性（我（你的）（他（她（她（我们（你们们的，它们的）的）I的）1的）1的）1的）1的）1、形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语后面要踉名词。如：Is that界卫!:umbrella?/ I often go to see叨aunton Sundays./ They are their books. 2名词性物主代词相当于名词，既代替事物又表明所属关系，在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语后面干万不可以跟名词。如：This is your cup,but where is?/ Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small 3、“of+名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格，作定语时放在名词的后面。如：A friend came to see me yesterday.试比较胚rfriend came to see me yesterday.（指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。）4、反身代词：表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。第一人第二人第人称单数第一人称第二人称-第三人称复数称单览称单数阳性阴性中性复数复数myself yourse himsel hersel itself ourselv yoursel themsel （我自己If f f （它自es ves ves (他（你自（他自（她自己）（我们自（你们自们她们己）已）己）己）已）它们自己）1、反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射（指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身）。如：Don t play with the knife, you might hurt 2、在句子中作同位语表示强调（即用来强调名词或代词的语气）。如：The story is good. Only he didn t tell it well. 6、指示代词：指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。单数复数含义this(这个）these(这指较近的人和物些）that_那个）those(那指较远的人和物些）such（这样的人物）指上文提过的人和物same（同样的人物）指和上文提过的相同的人和物it（这人这物）指不太清楚是谁或者是什么时指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语，也可以作定语修饰名词。如：What s ? / I!El_ model plane is made of plastic.（被动句）/Remember never to do things./ Do the as the teacher tells you./ -Who is it? -It s me! 6、关系代词：用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词参见后面的定语从句。1、关系代词who、which.that. whom等将定语从句和主句连接起来。英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任一定的成分另一方面又起连接作用。如：Thestudent -is in Grade One. 2、关系代词who/whom指人如果作从句的宾语，则有时省略。如：Do you know the man 3、关系代词which指物如果作从句的宾语，则有时省略。如：Haveyou found the bookwhicho? 4、关系代词that既可指人也可指物如果作从句的宾语，则有时省略。如：Canyou see the man/dog- ? 7、连接代词：用来引导宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句的连接词称连接代词。英语中连接代词主要有：what(什么），who(谁），whom（谁），which（哪个），whose(谁的）。详见相应从句。8、不定代词：代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。单数含义/ / each either, the 复(ever one , 合不不司数so no y) neither so other,定代词含义me non much little, anothe an e a little / / 复数I 含few. all 义man , one / others. a few both , / s the others 米注：复合不定代词有12个：something(某事），someone(某人），somebod_从某人），anything（任何事），anyone(任何人），anybod_从任何人），nothing(没事），nobod_从没有人），no one(没有人），everything(一切），everyone(每个人），everybod_只每个人）(l)some和any的用法：some般用千肯定句中意思是“几个“、“一些“、“某个“作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如：Ihave s_o_l!J_e work to do today. / They will go there someday some用于疑问句时表建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。如：Wouldyou like coffee with sugar? any一般用于疑问句或否定句中意思是“任何一些“、“任何一个“，作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。如：Theydidn t have旦!Xfriends here./ Have you got 四questionsto ask? any用千肯定句时意思是“任何的。Comehere with_旦叹friend(2)no和none的用法：no是形容词，只能作定语表示意思是“没有“修饰可数名词（单数或复数）或不可数名词。如：Thereis空？timeleft. Please hurry up. / They had空？readingbooks to lend none只能独立使用在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语意思是“没有一个人（或事物）”，表示复数或单数。如：of them is/are in the classroom)/ I have many books, but is interesting. (3)a/和both的用法：a/指三者或三者以上的人或物用来代替或修饰可数名词；也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物用来代替或修饰可数名词。all和both在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定i酐争。如：/know all of the four British students in their school/ -Would you like this one or that one? -!.!J!. all和both既可以修饰名词(al/both+(the,片名词），也可以独立使用采用“al/both+of the名词（复数）”的形式其中的of可以省略。如：of) the) boys are naughty. (4)every和each用法：every是形容词，只能作定i酐修饰单数名词，意思是“每一个”表示整体概念；each是形容词、代词，可用作主语、宾语、定i酐导意思是“每个或者”各个”表示单个概念；each可以放在名词前，可以后跟of短语，与动词同时出现时要放在“be动词、助动词、情态动词”之后或者行为动词之前every和each都用作单数理解，但是下文中既可以用单数的代词（如he/him/his)也可以用复数的代词（如they/them/their)替代。如：且呾(oneof the students in his class studies very hard.（他班上每个学生学习都很用功）Theyare very busy.生ofthem has something to do.（他们很忙，人人都有事干）(S)either和neither的用法：either意思是“两个中间的任何一个“;neither是either的否定形式意思是“两个都不。neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等都用作单数。如：/dontcaremuch for what to drink. of the two will do./ -Will you go there by bus or by car?-. I will go there by train. (6)other,、theother和another的用法：other意思是“另一”、“另一些“有复数形式。在句子中可作主语宾语和定语。another意思是“另外”、”又一个”表示增加在句中可作宾语和定语。如：Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and are sitting on the grass talking./ You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one?/ I want another four books. anothet(另外的再，又）与theothet(另外的个）主要从数量上区分，只有两个时用theother,在原先基础上增加用another,。如：This is one of your socks. Where is the other one?/ I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another. others与theothers的主要区别：others指“剩余的人物（指大部分）;the others 指“其余的人物，（指全部）。如：Afew students are playing soccer while are watching them./ Two of the ten boys are standing and_旦竺 are sitting round them. (7)many和much的用法：many意思是“很多”，与可数名词复数连用；much意思是“很多”，与不可数名词连用。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语等。如：/don t have屯翌!J!friends here.（在这里我没有很多的朋友。）扭died in the bus accident.（许多人在公交车祸中丧失）Wecan learn 111h with the help of him.（在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多）many和much一般用于否定句肯定句中通常用alot of或者otsof; many/ much用千肯定句时可以在前面加上so.very或too如：There are !.l!.!.5!f people on the playground/ They haven t got !E5f! work to do. / There are too匣皿peoplein the room. (8) few. little. a few. a little的用法：few、little意思是“很少几个“、“几乎没有“有否定的意思afew、alittle意思是“有几个“、“有些有肯定的意思；few.a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物，little、alittle与不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。如：He is very poor and he has肚money./Don t worry. There is sti.,旦竺timeleft./ In that polar region there live_丘people./ You can get旦few sweets from him. (9)复合不定代词somebody,something,anything,nothing,everything, everybody等是由some,any,no,every,加上body,thing构成的，叫做复合不定代词，在句子中当单数使用。somebody, something, someone一般用千肯定句中；anything,anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句否定句和条件状语从句中。修饰复合不定代词的定语应放在它们的后面。如：Hey,Lily.There is outside the door. /Did you meet when you came to school last Sunday?/ He has !g to do today. (lO)one与ones用来代替上文的个或多个人或事物前面可以加冠词、形容词、指示代词、which等。如：Whichjacket would you like, this or that?/ I don t like the green-(ll)so可以代替一件事情，作句子的宾语或表语。如：Idon t think竺./ He lost a book. So did 1 (12) a lot of.、/otsof、anumber of(/large numbers of)、agreat deal of. plenty of的区别：五个“名词介词“短语都表示“大星，许多”,aloto（或otsof)既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式可以相应地换为much和many;plenty of足够大量”既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式。a number of/ large numbers of只可以修饰可数名词复数形式（它修饰的词作主语时谓语用复数形式）可以换为some.many.、alot of. plenty of,。a great deal of 只可以修饰不可数名词（它修饰的词作主语时谓语用单数形式）可以换为much。如：J5!_SJ_f people think that time is money. / I don t have to do it in a hurry because I have time. / I have letters to write today. / I spend time/money on shopping. (13)none、noone. nobody的区别：noone和nobody都表示“没有人仅指人后面不踉of短语，作主语时谓语用单数形式；none表示“没有个人物”，可指人也可以指物后面可踉of短语，作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数。如：Noone knows how he managed to get the ticket. / handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday./ came to see me that d.叮9、相互代词：表示相互关系的词叫相互代词。each other,one another是相互代词译成“互相，可以通用。eachother表示两者之间而oneanther表示许多人之间。它们有所有格形式eachother s ,one anothers,。如：We must help when we are in trouble.（我们身处困境时要互相帮助。）/They sat there without talking to one another/ each 竺（他们坐在那儿，互相都不说话。）10、疑问代词：用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。1、who.whom. whose. what. which. whoever. whatever. whichever主要用于特殊疑问句中，一般放在句首。口语中也常用who代替whom作宾语但在介词后则只能用whom。如：压m)did you invite to your birthday party?/ does she want to be when she grows up? 2、who和whom只能独立使用其中who可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语，whom只能作谓语动词的宾语；而what.which. whose等既可以独立使用作主语、表语和宾语也可以与名词构成疑问短语。如：Who is that man?/ What are their hats?/ was made in Germany只被动句）注意这个提问：Theman is my father. - Which man is your father? 3、which除了可以询问指代的清况之外还可以针对说明人物的时间、地点、岁数、颜色大小、状况等进行提问。如：Peoplelive a very sad life. -J!f!s! people live a sad life?/ -J!f!s! hotel have you booked for your holiday？一estone in Haikou. 4、疑问代词不分单复数视它所替代的人或事物决定单复数但是通常用单数；如果修饰名词，则以名词的单复数为准。如：is are) in that playhouse?/ is that?/ are those? I colours do they have? 罗、数词1、分类：数词有基数词和序数词两种。英语的数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。2、基数词：表示数目的词叫基数词。1、英语中常用的基数词有：1 one 2 two 20 twenty 3 thre 13 thirteen 30 thirty 23 twenty-three 4 e 14 fourtee 40 forty 5 four 15 n 50 fifty 35 thirty-five 6 five 16 fifteen 60 sixty 7 six 17 sixteen 70 seventy 8 seve 18 sevente 80 eighty 9 n 19 en 90 ninety 1 eigh eightee 10 one(a) 。t n 。hundred 10 one hundred 1 nine ninetee 1 and one 1 ten n 1 elev 2 en twel ve 1000一one(a)thousand,10000一tenthousand,100000-one hundred thousand,1000000-one million,10000000一tenmillion, 100000000-one hundred million, 10护onehundred and eight, 14仁onehundred and forty-six, 500-five hundred, 1001一onethousand and one, 1813一onethousand eight hundred and thirteen. 2、注：（1）百位与十位之间要加and；十万位和万位亿位和干万位之间通常也要加and。(2)英语用干、百万等单位计数大数字从右向左看，每隔三位划一逗号倒数第一个逗号之前要用thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前要用million,倒数第三的逗号之前要用billion表示。(3) hundred、thousand、million作数词时不用复数前面可以加上one,two,等其它数词。用作名词时复数表示“成上”后面必须要有of,前面可以加上some,many,severa等词。如：fivehundred(五百），hundreds。只成百上干的），tenthousand(一万），thousandsof_成干上万的），millionsof_成百万的）3、序数词：表示顺序的数词叫序数词。1、英语的序数词基本变法：(1)一般在基数词后加th,(2)-ve结尾的改为fth,(3)-ty结尾的改为-tieth,(4)熟记特殊词。2、序数词如下：1st 米first21st twenty-first 2d 淡2Uh twentiet 227d twenty-second 夕dsecon l3 thirtee 3Jth h 2夕dtwenty-third 4th d h nth 4Uh thirtieth 夕h淡14t fourtee 50h fortieth 3夕hthirty-fifth 6 h third h nth 6Uh fiftieth Jth fourt 15t fifteent 7Uh sixtieth 9th h h h 80h seventie 夕hfifth 1 sixteent 9(1h th l(t sixth h h 10Jt eightiet h seven l?t sevente h h 101st one hundred llt th h enth ninetiet and first h eight 18t eightee h l2t h h nth one h ninth 19t ninetee undredt tenth h nth h eleve nth twelft h 100Jth-+one thousandth, 100000炉一onemillionth.，第703-theseven hundred and third, 第5480-the five thousand four hundred and eightieth. 3、注：（1）两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词，其余部分仍用基数词。如：thirty-sixth, (2)使用序数词时一般加定冠词the.如：rmin功!_third grade. (3)序数词作“几分之几讲时有复数形式。如：1/5-onefifth; 2/3-two thir少，4/7-four seventh ; 1/ 2-a half; 1/4- a quarter; 3/4-+ three quarter; 50%-fifty hundredt加fifty per cent). 4、数词的用法：1、表示年份：2002:twenty thousand and two; 1976: nineteen seventy-six. 2、表示日期：12月1日：Dec.1st或thefirst of December ;2002年11月8日：Nov.8th, 2002. 3、表示时刻：5 : 15-five fifteen或aquarter past five ; 8 : 30-eight thirty 或halfpast eight, 10: 45-ten forty-five或aquarter to eleven. 4、表示编号：Room105-Room one O five; Bus No.13-Bus Number Thirteen; P.5 -Page Five; Te/.No.7658659一TelephoneNumber seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine 5、小数的读法：5.7一fivepoint seven, 0.16 -zero point one six 6、“半的表达：1/2-ha/f,半小时-+halfan hour, 1.5小时-oneand a half hours 或onehour and a hall 7、序数词前面加the时表示顺序加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。如：Thethird lesson is rather difficult I Shall we read the text a third time? 五、冠词1、冠词分类及读法：英语中冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种，常放在名词的前面用来限定名词的意义，起泛指或特指的作用。定冠词the读法：单独念时读Ti:，在句子中常发Ti（元音之前）或者T（辅音之前）；不定冠词a/an的读法：单独念时读ei/An；在句子中常发/n。2、不定冠词a/an的用法：不定冠词a/an用在单数名词的前面a用在辅音开头的词前面an用在元音开头的词的前面。不定冠词的基本用法：(1)表示某个人或东西但不具体说明何人或何物。如：Thereis旦生歹lyingon the ground (2)表示某类人或事物，以区别千其他种类。如：antis much stronger than-(2)表示某类人或事物中的任何个。如：Heis of English. (4)表示“一”这个数量。如：Thereis and four chairs in that dining-room. (5)几个用不定冠词的习语：abit(一点），alittle(一点），afew(几个），alot（许多），akind。I(一种），apair of(一副、一双），anumber of(大量的），apiece of（一张、一片），half an hour.半小时），havea good time(玩得开心），havea co凤感冒），makeanoise(发出嘈杂声），have/takea (rest等八休息）会儿等等。3、定冠词the的用法：定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。定冠词的基本用法：(1)表示特指的人或事物。如：刀man with a flower in his hand is丿aeK指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如：Looka旦b/ackboard,Lily. (2)复述前面提到过的人或事物。如：Thereis_旦manunder the tree.互竺manis called Robert. (3)表示世界上独无二的事物。如：Theearth turns around the sun. (4)用在表示方位的名词前面。如：Therewill be strong wind to也south of the Yangtze River. (5)在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如：Whois位first one to go?/ Of all the stars, the sun is也nearest to the earth. (6)常用在乐器名称的前面。如：Hebegan to play也violin at the age of 5. (7)用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如：/have never been to控Himalaya Mountains. (8)用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。如：Heis from the United States of America. (10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如：are going to Mount Emei next month. (ll)same之前一般用the。如：Lucyand Lily look-(12)几个用定冠词的习语：atthe same time（与此同时），makethe bed.铺床），inthe end.最后），allthe time(一直），bythe way(顺便说一下），onthe way(在路上）等等。4、一些不用冠词的情况：(1)专有名词和（第一次使用）一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如：is a very large country.（中国是个大国）Manneeds (2)名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如：is much more expensive than yours. (3)周名月名或季节名前般不用。如：Hewas born on l8,1995.（他出生在1995年二月十八日星期)/They usually plant trees on the hills in (4)（第次使用）复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如：Menare cleverer than-（人比猴子聪明）(5)三餐饭前不用。如：Wehave breakfast at home and lunch at school节假日前一般不用。如：Onthe boys often get presents from their parents.球类名词前不用。如：Thechildren play on Saturday afternoons. (6)城市的重要主要建筑物名称前不用。如：Theyare now at-(9) 一些习惯用语中不用。如：（1)at/ to/ from/ out of/ after/ for school; (2) in/ to/ for/ after class, (3)in /to/ out of/ into bed; (4) after/ at/ from/ out of/ to work; (s) at/ to se句(6)in/ from/ down/ to town; (1) at/ from home; (a) at / for / to breakfast/lunch/supper; (9) at night/noon/midnight (10) on foot; (11) go to schoo/bed, (12) on top of; (B) in front of; (14) on show/display/duty/ watch; (15) in/ out of hospital, (16) at all, (11) on./in time; (18) at first/last/once; (19) in Chinese/English,etc.; o) take care of 六、形容词翩寻1、形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。1、形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。2、形容词在句子中的位置：(1)作定语时放在名词的前面且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如：a_.!jg_x_ellow wooden whee一个黄色的大木轮）(2)作表语时放在连系动词之后。如：Theprice sounds reasonable. (3)作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如：Wemust try our best to keep our environment clean. (4)后置的清况：修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：Somethinghas happened to him. 与表示“长、宽高重老远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如：Hes1.8 metres 皿（他身高1.8米）Themoon is about 380,000 kilometres空空yfromthe earth. 3、有关形容词的用法辨析：(1) whole与aI/：记住两个词序：CDthe whole +名词；all (of) the+名词。如：He was busy - / He can remember all the words he learns. (2) tall与high,short与low：指人的个子时用taII与short;指其他事物时一般用high与IOW。如：Hesvery/short卫1Jtrees are standing on both sides of that avenue. / A few people live on处劝mountains.(3) rea与true:real般指东西的真假译为“真的；而true则指事清或消息的可靠性，译为“真实的。如：Thisis a real diamond（钻句andit s very expensive/ -ls that？一Yes.I heard it with my own ears.(4) interested与interesting的区别：interesting指人或东西”有趣的，作定语或表语而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的，只能作表语。如：Theman is very and all the children like him. / This book is and you can really enjoy yoursell / I am in science.(s) such用法：such + a(n)名词（单数）（that从句）。如：/have never seen foolish(愚蠢的）上少夕Hehadsuehaterrib/eaccident竺hecould never forget it (6) good与we/：表示“好”时，作定语或表语用good,作状语用we/；表示“（身体）好”时用we/l如：Doingsports is史空for us./ Study and make progress every day./ -How are you？一1amverywe/. (7) nice与fine:的区别：nice表示令人愉快的，可以指东西、人物外表等；fine一般指身体或天气好。如：Letsgo and share(分享）thenicecake/Sheisanice girl/What a竺吵Hes征recently(最近）(s) too much与muchtoo : too much表示“太多的修饰事物数量；muchtoo 表示“太过过分修饰形容词或副词。如：Iam full because I have had too much rice. / That coat is much too dear. (9) quick. fast与soon:quick与fast基本同义，quick往往指反应速度快，fast往往指运动速度快而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生戌0:Aftera生!kfsbreakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home. / A train is much er than a bus. / His father will be back to China very !Of.!. (10)/onely与alone: lonely是表示心理活动的形容词意思是：“孤独的寂寞的，作定语或表语；alone的意思是“独自的单独的，指无人陪伴，仅作表语，（作为副词的alone可作状语）。如：Helives but he doesn t feel./ He is a person. You can not easily get on well with him. 但）other与else的区别：两个词都可以作形容词但是用法不同，other放在名词前；else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little.much后置另外orelse表示“否则”是连词。如：The are on the playground. / can work out this maths problem?/This is s money. Its mine. / Do you have to say for yourself? (12) special与especial的区别：表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时，两个词可互换，但specia较为常用。另外，specia还可以表示特别的目的。如：Shepays attention to clothes. / These are chairs for small children. (B) gone、lost.missing的区别：gone表示“丢了没了含去不复返的意思也可以表示“死了，作表语或宾补，不可以作定语；ost表示“丢失含难以找回的意思可作定语、表语或宾补；missing表示“失踪了，不见了，强调某人物不在原处可作定语、表语或宾补。如：Myfever(高烧）is史屯,but I still have a cough. / The parents found the I!.!_ child at last./ My dictionary is-Who s taken it away?/ For more detailed information(详青）ofthe iris, please visit our website. (14) living. alive. live. lively的区别：四个词都来源千动词ive”生活、居住。living读liviN有三个意思：”活着的、现存的，作表语或定语，“模样的、逼真的，相当于lively,意思是“强烈的、活泼的；live读laiv，指东西”活的，可以替换为living;alive读laiv作表语指人”活着的如果作定语，则放在名词的后面；lively读laivli有三个意思：有生气的活泼的快活的，（色彩）鲜艳的厄）生动的、真实的。例如：Af.h.生1_9_language should be learned orally(口头上）（被动句）Wehavea至hopethat you will succeed / Is she sti,，迎?/ They are the happiest children - / This is a fish. I A wire(电线）is dangerous. / She is as三asa kitten(小猫）Hegave a f.h.竺仅description of the football match. (1s) sick与i/区别：sick和i/都表示“生病的但是sick可以做定语、表语而i/只能做表语。如：Hehas been ff,_/fora long time and he is very weak now./ Vets help treat pets and most of the petsowners like them. (16) the poor(穷人们）therich(富人们）等用法：the形容词“这一结构可以表示一类人物复数含义。如：Wemust try our best to help/ never know how are living. 2、副词：用来说明事情发生的时间地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。1、副词的分类：（见下表）时间副词频度副地点方位程度副词方式副疑问连接其他副词词副词词副词today, here, very, weI/, how, too, once, there, also, tomorrow, too, yesterday, twice, home, enough, hard, where, below, nor, so, now, then, early, always anywhere, rather, alone, when, as, late, , once, soon, usual!) above, just, , outside, tonight often, in, inside, long, out, already, yet, someti back, up, before, mes, down, ago, later, away; off, ever si. nce never, far, after, (seldo near, whenever m), nearby, first wherever ever, someday, sometime, everywher last, e, 2、副词在句子中的位置以及作用：(1)作状语：quite, on,off, how, so, fast why, either, much, togeth whether yes, no, 扣st,e, nearly, sudde however, not only nly, etc. neither almost, -Jy结尾关系副词maybe, hardly, as lon9 的副词where, perhaps, as等，even,a/l why, how certainly , a little, a when, bit 时间副词：般放在句首或句尾注意early.late. before. later.、yet等般放在句尾a/ready、just般放在动词的前面。如：Wewill visit the Great Wall -/ They have been to the UK twice./ the lost boy found his way back home. 频度副词：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间，但sometimes.often等还可以放在句首或句尾usually可放在句首，once可放在句尾twice.three times等一般放在句尾。如：I get up early./ The workers have lunch at the factory./ Take this medicine a d.叮方式副词：一般放在行为动之后suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如：Old people can hardly walk as as young people/ he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞）地点副词：一般放在句尾但here.there还可放在句首。如：you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions（方砌（在那里，你可以看到成干上万的自行车朝各个方向流动）Thefrightened wolf ran生空y.（受到惊吓的狼逃开了）Hewalked竺quietly and turned soon.（他消悄地走了出去很快又返回）程度副词：修饰动词时放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时，放在形容词或副词之前。但注意enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面；on/y位置比较灵活总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如：I空forgot all about it if he did not tell me again. / It was竺strangethat I could匝!f!xbe/ievemyears./ She got to the station ear./y to catch the first bus. 疑问副词：用于对句子的状语进行提问，位置总是在句首。如：Whenand where were you born?/did/;ttle Edison sit on some eggs印生吧doyou do? (J)连接副词：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，在从句中作状语。How/amis still a question. / That is one is afraid /He wondered-叮关系副词：用来引导定语从句在从句中作状语。如：Thisis the place Zhan / Please tell me the way ou have learned En9/ishsoweIl 其它副词：too”也”，用在句尾；also放在动词前；either”也不“放在句尾；nor”也不“放在句首；so“如此，这样“放在形容词、副词前；on/off“开关“放在动词之后；not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；maybe/perhaps放在句首；certain/y放在句首或动词之前。如：Hewent to the Palace Museum and I went there.应your ticket is in your inside pocket.(/ -Tom doesn t have a computer. -!.!.! do l (2)作表语：地点副词一般可以作表语放在be等连系动词之后说明人物所处的位置。如：Imvery sorry he isnt但atthe moment./ I have been空空Yfrom my hometown for near./y20years.丿imisoverthere.(3)作定语：时间副词（如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语放在名词的后面如：often have their festival dinners at restaurants. / were living a terrible life in the 1920s. (4)作宾语补足语：地点副词般可以作宾语补足语。如：Putyour dirty socks丑但y,丿1mlThey are giving out bad smell!/ Father kept him !fl and doing his lessons. 注意“动词副词的宾语如果是代词，则该副词应该放在代词之后。如：Hewrote down the word -+He wrote it down. 3、有关副词的重要注释：(1) as. as常构成一些词组：assoon as.（一旦就），aswell as.（同样），as形容词倒词aspossible(尽可能地）。如：Pleasering me up ou get to Beijing/ Miss Gao hurried to the school gate possible. 注释“as long/ much as +名词“可以表示“长达多达的含义。如：Thehouse costs as much as five hundred thousand严Theystayed in the cave(山洞）as/ongastwoweeKs (2) later. after.、ago、before的用法： 一段时间ater/ago分别表示“（多久）以后以前，主要用于过去时态。“after/before某个时刻分别表示“在某时刻之后之前，此时两个词是介词。ago与before-.ago只能用于过去时，before用千完成时。如：Hehad an accident a week丑1.!./ Some years但拦the boy became a very famous singer./ Have you been there?/ M! a few years he gave up smoking. (3) above. below. over.、under的用法：在上下方用above和below,在高低处用over和under.如：Thestars are high in the s炒Aplane flew quickly 当above、below.、over.under是介词性质时意义相似。(4) too、also、either、nor的用法：too(”也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾且用逗号隔开；also(”也”)用千肯定句句子谓语动词之前；eitheri.”也”)用千否定句末尾也用逗号隔开；nori.”也不”)用千倒装句句首；如：Areyou American,B_空？He is not happy and I am not happy, / He didn t watch the football game. !f! did L / You can find the market is very good (s) enough、too、SO、Very、quite、verymuch的用法：enough(“足够十分”)放在形容词或副词之后；too(“太”)、very(“非常)、quite(“相当)、so(“如此地）等放在形容词或副词之前，verymuch(“非常”)放在动词之后。如：Its expensive./ I don t like sweets 注意very与much的区别：very修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词，much修饰形容词和副词的比较级；much还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词，very不可以。如：Heis空仅stupid.（他很笨）Thefilm was空仅movingand everyone swept. / You must work !E!.1!. harder or you will fail to enter the good school/ I don t like him !E!.1!. (6) sometimes. sometime. some times. some time的用法：sometimes(有时）用千一般现在时、sometime(在将来某时）用于将来时、some times(数次）表示次数、sometime(一些时间）表示一段时间。如：they go hiking in the mountains.（他们有时徒步旅行到山里去）Iwill stay here-/ I will meet your father (7) how. what用于感叹句的用法：对句子中的形容词或副词感叹时用how,对人或事物（可能含有形容词作修饰语）进行感叹用what如：Whata fine day (it is) tod叩Howdifficult (the problem is)! (s) already. yet的用法：在完成时中，already般用于肯定句，yet般用于否定句和疑问句。如：Haveyou done it?/ I have not had my breakfast_.r_生(9) hard与hardly的用法：hard作为副词意思是：努力地猛烈地,hardly是否定词意思是：“几乎不”，一般与情态动词can/could连用。如：Theystudy English / You can see a person spit in a public place. (10) like. very much. like. better:仁prefer).like. best的用法：三个短语分别表示“非常喜欢、”更喜欢”、“最喜欢勹如：Ilike baseball-/ Do you like butter than cheese只Theylike hamburgers (11) quite/what+a形容词名词”的用法：记住：(!)quite/such/what.+a形容词名词；too/so/how形容词a名词；rather+a形容词名词a+rather形容词名词。如：/have never seen a strange gu)i（家伙)./It is 生anice day for a walk. (12) how的几个短语：howoften“多常每隔多久，用千一般时态对表示频度的词语进行提问；how soon“多久以后，用于将来时态；how long“多久，用于过去时、完成时或其他时态；how many times“多少次，用于过去时或完成时对总计次数进行提问；howmuch“多么多少“对程度进行提问，也可以对数量（不可数）或金钱进行提问。如：have you been like this?/How often does he wash his face? (B) much. more与most的用法：这三个词除了是形容词作名词的修饰语之外还是程度副词，much表示“很修饰原级形眉U,more表示“更“用来构成多音节形眉l的比较级，most表示“最“用来构成多音节形厄l的最高级。此外much也可以修饰比较级形眉l。如：Thispark is !JJ!sf! beautiful than that one./ It is the most instructive film I have ever seen. (14) no more. no longer. not. any more. no. any longer的用法：表示时间，可以用nolonger. not. ny more. no. any longer,而且nolonger只能放在谓语动词之前；表示程度可以用nomore. not. any more如：Helived there. / Tom wanted cakes. / He did!_J smoke弝ymore/onger. (15)被动语态中方式副词一般放在be与谓语动词之间。如：The runner was住也Uhurt.（赛跑运动员受了重伤）Englishis spoken in the world today.（如今世界上英语说得很广泛）(16) too. to与so.that的问题：副词too/so后面跟形容词或副词，to后面跟动词，that后面踉从句。Too.to. (“太以致不）是否定的结构，用千简单句；so. that.（“如此以致）是肯定结构，用于复合句。如：Thechild is竺oungto join the army. / He is竺stronghe can lift the heavy box (17)既是形容词也是副词的单词有：early,late, long, last next first near, enough, much, all hard, alone, fast slow, high, low, straight等等。如：twasa/!_四holiday./ He stayed there very竺./Think竺thenyou will find a way. /Heisa very难对付的）person.(1s) farther与further的用法区别：表示地点方向或距离时两个词同义意思为“更远较远，但是further还表示“更多进步额外”等意思此时不能换为farther.如：Theydecided to go the next day./ This problem will be discussed/ Every one of them had their studies after they left college. (19) rather与quite的用法区别伺very一样两个词都表示形容词或副词的程度quite表示“不到最高程度但是比预料的好”,rather比quite更接近very的含义，含有令人惊讶的意思。见下图对“nice程度的描绘：ot nice l(fairly) nice I quite nicr rther nice . very mce 如：/tsquitea nice fi朊（这是部好片子）。（可能意味着不是一部最好的电影）/ It s rather a nice film.（这是部很不错的电影。）（意味着比大多数电影都好）注意注意quite与rather后面的次序词序。伽）maybe.possibly. perhaps的区别：maybe”可能、也许，比另外两个词更不正式、更随便、可能性不大；possibly”可能地、或者也许，可能性较大，在否定句和疑问句中表示“无论如何;perhaps”可能，较为常用而且正式可能性也不大。如：Youcould put it over there.，空丑生-/Icouldn t have finished such a long book in such a short time./ I thought it was the letter you have been expecting. (21) most. mostly的区别：most作为形容词和名词时意思是“大多数的、大部分的,作为副词时意思为“最十分很;mostly仅为副词意思为“主要地、多半地、大部分地。如：wasat home most of the time when I was free.Most children are naughty./ This is the exciting part of the film./She is out on Sundays. (22) (be) worth. (be) worthy of的区别：worth一般被看作是介词后面接名词或者动名词，用主动表示被动含义还可以用副词we/修饰；worthyof表示“值得的配得上的后面踉动名词的被动形式。如：Whatis worth doing at all doing we!./The house 300, 000./ This book is well Y!5!l!_ reading several times./ It is a thing being seen. (23)almost、nearly的区别：两个词意思相近，都表示“几乎、将近，大多数清况下可以互换与否定词连用时用almost不用nearlyalmost no相当于hardlyany(几乎没有）。如：Hehad done today./ We are there. / /understood his words. (24) a bit与alittle的区别：这两个名词短语经常当作副词使用修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级可以互换语气比rather弱。如：Thisdigital camera is expensive./ It is colder than yesterd.吵另外，alittle可以直接加不可数名词，abit则采用“abit+ of名词（不可数或可数名词复数）”的形式。如：/have got a cold/ Go and get water for me, please. 注意nota bit_= not at all)意为“根本不”而nota little则意为“非常不是一点”。3、形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。2、规则变化：(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。a)直接加er,est: b)以重读闭音节结尾的要双写最后一个辅音字母后加er,est:c)以辅音字母y结尾的，先把y改为i再加上er,est:(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的在原级前加more/most.3、不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的we/好；（身体）好的bad,badly糟糕的糟糕地worse更糟糕的更糟糕worst最糟糕的最糟糕i ，化身体）不舒服的地；（身体）更不舒服的地；（身体）最不舒服的many许多的向数）more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的（不可数）；非常little少的less更少的least最少的farthest最远的；最远farther更远的；更远地far远的；远地地further进一步的（地）furthest最深刻的（地）4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：(1)讲述某人物自身的清况时用原级。基本句型是：三佳语(sb.sth)谓语动词（very/too/so/quite/rathe七）形容词副词I曰如：Heis very !f! now./ They ran quite.E_包Theweather looks rather 竺/lamso住吗！六表示两者之间没有差别时使用句型：佳语（第一个人物）谓语动词as形容词副词原级as 第二个人物1如：Heis as as his younger sister./ Lily rode her bike as竺少勺San old lady/ They picked as!.四applesas the farmers d动女表示第个人比不上第二个人时使用句型：语（第一个人物）谓语动词（否定式）+ as/ so +形容词眉I词原级as+, l 二个人物如：Heis not so/ as as his younger sister./ Lily did not ride her bike so/as三asan old lady I They didn t pick so/ as!.四apples as the farmers did). (2)讲述两者有差异第一个人物超过第二个人物时，用比较级。基本句型：语(IA)谓语动词（much/alittle/even/still)形容词副词比较级+than+第二个人物(B）1如：Amodern train is much faster than a car./ This book didn t cost me m竺thanthat one. 讲述两者有差异第个人物不及第二个人物时，用比较级。句型是：主语(A）谓语动词less+ （多音节形副）比较级than 第二个人1物(B)如：Ithink English is than maths./ Do you think it to learn a foreign language? (3)讲述某人物是群之中最突出的一个时用最高级。句型是：佳语(sb.sth)谓语动词（the)形容词眉I词最高级in/of如：TheChangjiang River is in China. / He jumped f!._控) of the three (boy).4、关千比较等级的重要注释：1、以上六个句型中如果动词是及物或不及物动词，则后面用副词；如果后面是连系动词则后面用形容词。如：Thiscar is the fastest of the four.（形容词）Thiscar runs (the) fastest of the four.僵I词）2、“比较级and比较级表示“越来越.。如：Theweather is getting warmer and warmer. 3、the比较级，the比较级”表示“越就越勹如：trees we plant, it will be./ you try, your progress is. 4、一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/alittle/even/still,而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。如：/t is much colder today than yesterday./ Would you like some more coffee?/He did not eat-5、morethan/ less than分别可以理解为“多千少千，相当千副词，morethan=over; less than=under.如：Ilived in New York for more than four months. 6、“oneof the最高级名词（复数）“整个短语为单数含义谓语要用单数形式。如：Oneof the oldest houses住beenburnt in a fire. 7、“Which/Who动词形倒，,or?”句型中如果有两个选项形倒用比较级如果有三个选项形倒用最高级。如：Whohas more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei?/ Which is a pig,a horse or an elephant? 8、上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时用比较级而且往往还要加the；含有all/none/noone/ every等表示三个或三个以上事物时用最高级。如：-Do you like one?-Neither./ -Which do you like? -All of them! 七、介词1、介词的主要用法：介词是种虚词，不能独立使用。介词之后般有名词或代词（宾格）或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语，即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词如：outof(从中出来），becauseo只因为），awayfrom（距离），ontop of(在项上），eversince(自从），nextto(在隔壁），accordingto(根据），infront of(在前方）等。2、介词的分类表：（见下表）点（位置、范围）介词|:above在前，about在附近，across在对面after在后面against倚着 ，along在近旁among在中间，around在周围round在周围at在处，before在前，behind在后，below低千，beside在旁边between在之间，by在旁，down在下面from来自，in在里面inside在里面near靠近，of在之中，on在上面outof在之外，outside在外面over在上方，under在下方up在上面ontop of在顶部，in front of在前，close to靠近，inthe middle of在的中间，atthe end of在的末端等等。1方向（目标趋向）介词|:across横越，against对抗，along沿着，around绕着，round环绕，at朝着，behind向后面，etween.and从到，by路过通过，down向下，for向，from从离，in进入，into进入，inside到里面near接近，off脱离除，on向上，outof向外，outside向外，over跨过，past经过超过，through穿过 ，to向朝，towards朝着，onto到上面onto到上面up向上，away from远离-你叫：about大约，after在以后at在（时刻），before在以前by到为止，during在期间，for有（之久），from从（时）起in在（上吓午）；在（多久）以后on在（某日），past过了（时），since自从（至今），through贯穿（期间），till直到时，until直到时，to到（下一时刻），eversince从那时起至今atthe beginning of在开始时，atthe end of在床，inthe middle of在当中，atthe time of在时五切叫：as作为当作，by用由乘坐被，in用（语言），l ike与样，on骑（车）徒（步）通过（收音机电视机），over通过（收音机），through通过 ，with用（材料），用（手脚几眼），without没有三：about关千，except除了，besides除了还for对千就而言in在（方面），of.的有关，on关于有关，to对而言towards针对，with就而言其它介词：【目的介词】for为了，from防止，to为了【原因介词】for因为，with由于，because of因为【比较介词】as与一样like象一样than比，to与相比unlike与不同【伴随状态介词】against和一起（比赛），at在（上班休息上学家，etc.),in穿着（衣服颜色），into变成，on在（值日），with与起有庤瑾长着，without没有无吓与起3、介词短语的句法作用：介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词，可用作状语、定语和表语。如：Theman came （状）Thewoman is from the countryside.（定）Theteacher is now-（表）（老师现在和学生在一起）4、介词短语在句子中的位置：介词短i酐故状语时如果表示时间地点可以放在句首或句尾如果表示方向方式伴随涉及原因目的比较般放在句尾；介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后；介词短语作定语时，只能放在被修饰的名词之后。如：Hewanted to find a good job hai the next严r（状语）Theysearched the room I The letters are foryou.（表语）Haveyou seen a cat-s?（定语）5、重要注释：(1) this/ that/ these/ those/ last/ next/ a / every/ each等词构成的时间短语前面不用任何介词。如：travellers from abroad come to visit Pingyao./ He had a bad cold (2) for有时用来引出动词不定式的逻辑主语常翻译成“对千而言。如：tstoo hard for me to finish the work in only one hour. / The house is big enough to live in.(3) of有时用来表示后面的人物正好是前面的表语的逻辑主语。如：/t s very nice/kind 5!f 血todoso.(4)介词有时会与它的宾语分离而且宾语前置。当宾语是疑问词时。性但are you talking 宾语在从句中当连接词时。Hehas a younger brother_!腔hemust take good care竺Doyou know_!腔ourteacher is talking亚位overthere? 动词不定式作定语且该动词为不及物动词，后面有介词。finallyfound a chair to sit on. (5)记住些固定词组：arriveat/in（到达），onfoot(步行），not.at a从根本不），tothe north of(在以北），inthe easto只在的东部），inthe nigh虾在夜间），atnight(在晚上），beafraido印害怕），befullo亿充满装满），befilled with(充满装满），begood/bad f.叭对有益有害），bemade或由做成），bemade from(由制造），playwith(玩耍），ookout o（朝外面看），atthe end o们在末梢结束时），bythe end o只不迟千到末为止），withthe help of或withone s help(在的帮助下），ookafter(照料），ookfo店寻找），ona bike(=by bike,扆奇车，help sb. with帮某人做），geton (well) with(与某人相处融洽）等等。6、某些介词的用法辨析：(1)时间或地点介词in.on. at的用法区别：表示时间时，in表示在一段时间里（在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后），on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间；表示地点时，in表示在某个范围之内，on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触，at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点如：Hewas born on the mornin./ I usually get up./ His glasses arerightonhisnose./Heisatthecinemaatthemoment. (2) after与in表示时间的用法区别：“after+（具体时刻从句）”表示“在时刻之后常用千一般时态；“in+（一段时间）”表示“在（多久）之后常用千将来时态。如：Hesaid that he would be here-/ My father is coming back from England in about a month. (3) since与for表示时间的用法区别:since+（具体时刻that从句）”表示“自从起一直到现在“,“ for +（一段而间）”表示“总共有之久，都常用千完成时态；如：UncleLi has worked in this factory since 19 70. / Uncle Li has worked in this factory. (4) by. in与with表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示“工具、手段，但是by主要表示“乘坐某个交通工具或“以方式在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者；in表示“使用某种语言文字，with表示“使用某个具体的工具、手段。如：Wesee with our eyes and walk ./ Please write that article(文章）in Englkh./ Let s go to the zoo/ It was written-(s) about与on的用法区别：都可以表示“有关，但是about的意义比较广而on主要表示“有关（专题课程）。如：Tomis going to give a talk of -/ They are very excited talking-(6) through与across、over的用法区别：through指“穿过（门洞人群树林）”；across和over可以指“跨越（街道河流）”，可互换但是表示“翻过”时只能用over.如Justthen a rat（鼠）ran/Thereisabridge/ They climbed and arrived there ahead of time./ The visitors went into another park (7)as与like的区别：两个词都表示“像”但是as译为”作为”表示的是职业、职务作用等事实而like译为“像一样表示外表，不是事实。如：letme speak to you竺afather.（说话者是听者的父亲）Letme speak to you坠竺afather. （说话者不是听者的父亲）(8)at the end of. by the end of. to the end. in the end的用法区别：atthe end ol. 既可以表示时间也可以表示地点译为“在末；在尽头“常与过去时连用；bythe end ol只能表示时间，译为“在前；到为止，常用于过去完成时；inthe end 与atlast基本等义表示“终千、最后通常用千过去时；tothe end译为”到的终点为止“前面往往有表示运动或连续性的动词。如：)!_the end of last term we had learned 16 units of Book 111 / -you can find a big white house with brown windows. / They left for Beijing -/he succeeded in the final exams./ We should迎onwith the work / this road and you will see a post office. (9) for a moment. for the moment. in a moment. at the moment的区别：foramoment”一会儿、片刻(=fora whil)，常与持续性动词连用；forthe moment “暂时、目前，常用于现在时；ina moment”一会儿、立即、马上“(= soon,ina few minuteS)，一般用于将来时；atthe moment”此刻限下”(=no叨，用于现在进行时。如：Pleasewait-/ Let s leave things as they are / III come back-/ lam very busy at the moment. (lO)but的问题：用介词but引出另个动词时要注意：如果前面有do后面就用原形动词，前面没有如时后面的动词要加to。如：lcould生？nothingbut!. / They had no choice(选择）but!.f!.gjJJ.(ll)in front of与inthe front of: in front of”在的前面，与inthe front of”在的前部。如：Acar was parking in front of the hall/ ln the front of the hall stood a big desk (12)except与besides的区别：except“除了表示排除掉某人物即不包含；而besides“除了”则表示包含，即“不仅又.。如：Everyonewent to the Palace Museum exce.E!.I!J.)(Tom没有去故宫）Chinese he also studied many other subjects.（“汉语”也是他学的功课之)八、动润1、动词的分类：类意义例句别实义动含有实在的意义表示动作或状态在She住somebananas.她吃些香句子中能独立作谓语。蕉。词They竺alot of potatoes.他们连系动词助动词常吃土豆。Im an English boo! now. 我现在正看一本英文书。本身有一定的词义但不能独立作谓IHkfather住ateacher.他父亲是教语必须和表i吾起构成谓语。师。Twins usually the same. 双胞胎通常看起来一样。The teacher very angry 老师窒攫很生气。本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语只能Hen t speak English.他不和主要动词起构成谓语动词，用来说英语。表示否定、疑问、时态、语态或其它We!.!_歹playingbasketba/我们语法形式助动词自身有人称、单复数在打篮球。和时态的变化。Do you have a brother？你有兄弟吗？本身有定的意义，不能独立作谓语，Youcan keep the books for two 只能和主要动词起构成谓语动词，weeks. 表示说话人的语气和清态。情态动词这些书你可以借两个星情态动没有人称和单复数的变化，有些清态期。词动词有过去式。应I smoke here？我可以在这儿抽烟吗？重要注解：(1)关于实义动词：We go now. 我们现在得走了。英语的实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词两大类：后面必须踉宾语意义才完整的叫及物动词；本身意义完整后面不需踉宾语的叫不及物动词。有些动词通常只作不及物动词。如：go,come,happen,lie, listen,rise,arrive,ha/1 等。有些动词通常用作及物动词。如：say,raise, lay, find, buy等。大多数动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。如：study,sing等。有些动词作及物动词与作不及物动词时的意义有所不同。如：know,wash等。有些动词常和介词、副词或其它词类一起构成固定词组，形成短语动词。如：朊ten,reply,wait,/ook (2)关千连系动词：连系动词用来连接主语和表语连系动词后面常为形容词。常见的连系动词有：be、become.look. feel. sound. smell. taste. seem. turn. grow. get. go. fall. sit. stand.、lie等。有些连系动词来源于实义动词意思也踉着变化：ooK看一看起来）、feel.感觉、摸一感到）、smelli_闻、嗅一闻起来）、taste(尝一尝起来）、turn(翻转、转动一变得）、gro叭生长一变得）、g或得到、到达一变得）、go(去一变得）所不同的是作为实义动词时后面不能踉形容词。注释become. get. go、be.grow. turn的用法区别：become表示“变成，比较正式通常不用将来时表示动作已经完成。get也表示动作已经完成但是更加口语化通常表示温度、时间岁数等变化。go表示“变得常见于某些短语中后面常有形容词bad、blind.hungry等。be表示“是、成为、当多用千将来时、祈使句或不定式中。grow表示“变得常指逐渐的变化表示身高岁数的增长。turn表示“变得,指变为与原先不同的清况通常指颜色等变化。如：/was caught in the rain and I ill/ He rich./ He a scientist in the future./ My little brother has much taller in the past year./ The sandwich bad/ Her face turned red after her mother criticized(_批评）her.(3)关千助动词：常见的助动词有：用千进行时和被动语态的be(am, is, are, was, were, been, being),ffl千完成时的have(has,had,having),ffl千将来时的shall(should); will (would,厢用千一般时的do(does,did).助动词必须同主语的人称和数致，也就是说因主语人称、数的不同而采用不同的形式其中有些助动词也可作清态动词。如：shall,wili/,should, would. (4)关千情态动词：常见的情态动词有：can(could) ,may (might), must,shall (should), will (would, dare (dared), need等另外，haveto、hadbetter也当作渭态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。can表示体力、脑力方面的能力或客观的可能性。口语中，在询问或说明件事可不可以做时常用“can代替may。情态动词“can”的过去式是“could否定式是cannot通常缩写成“cant,could的否定式是“couldnot通常缩写成couldnf。如：/helpyou?/He E!_ swim./ That be Mr Li. may表示允许、请求或可能性，用may提问时肯定回答一般用Certainly或Yes,youmay.；否定回答一般用cant或mustnt如：胚Jaskyouaquestion？一Certainly./ You竺gonow./lt堕钮bein your pocket ) must表示“必须、“一定”的意思。表示“必须时否定形式是mustnt;表示“定”时否定形式是“cant如：Webe very careful when we cross the road/ It be 丿ack/I haven t seen Kate today. She can t be here. 注意用mu双必须）进行提问时肯定回答用must,否定回答用neednt；用mu双定）进行提问时肯定回答仍用must,但是否定回答用cant.如：Mustwe clean the room before we /eave?-Yes,you -或No,you-/Must she be in the romm?- Yes,she must.或No,shecan t. have td表示“不得不”、“必须。WeIIleave now for it is very late at night have to的疑问形式是：助动词haveto,否定形式是：助动词not+haveto或者用neednt如：youstay until 8 oclock?/ You don t have to do so. (=You needn t do so.) sha/在问句中，可表示征求对方意见与第人称连用；在陈述句的第二、三人称的主语后或表示“命令”、“警告1、“允许”等如：we go to the zoo this weekend?/ He II bring his own book next time. (1) should可表示“劝告”、“建议”、“惊奇”等意思。Wespeak to old people politely. wi/表示“意愿”、“决心”等意思一般与第二人称连用。如：性叨youplease close the door for me?/I teach you a lesson. would表示过去的”意愿、“决心”等Hesit near the fire every time he returned home. would也可以表示现在的情况表达说话人向对方提出的要求语气比“wi/I婉转、客气在日常会话中，“我想要“通常用“/wouldlike td或“/should(/d)/iketo”来表示。如：Wouldyou like to have a rest at the moment? would还可以表示过去经常发生的事渭。如：Everyyear parents tell their children about the boy who would save his people. ) need表示“需要“，用于疑问句或否定句。“need作实义动词时，在肯定、否定、疑问句中都可以用。如：Hedo it in such a hurry.（他不需要如此匆忙地做这件事）Hesome help.（他需要些帮助）Heto bring his football socks then.（那么他就无须带上足球袜了）(11) dare是敢的意思用法几乎与“need完全相同，即在疑问句和否定句中，可以作情态动词后面用不带to的动词不定式。在肯定句中和实义动词一样后面的动词不定式要带to”。How生匹yousay I am a fool? I He didn t dare to touch the red button. (12) dbetter(do.)(“最好是）一般也当作情态动词使用，否定式是：dbetter not (do). 如：Yousit here and say nothing./ You speak because he is sleeping. 2、动词词形变化一览表：(1)规则动词变化表：原形动词结尾情况规一般情况s,x,ch,sh,o结尾则辅音字母y结尾变重读闭音节元化辅结尾不发音的e结尾ie结尾不规则变化现在时单三人称+s +es y-+i, +es +s +s +S have-+has; be-is 现在分词过去式和过去分词+ing +ed +ing +ed +ing y-+i,+ed 双写辅音字 双写辅音字母，ing母，ed去掉e,+ing+d ie-y,+ing +d （无）（见不规则动词变化表）注意：在加ing或ed时动词如果以“f结尾尾音节又重读的动词，“,应双写。s/es的读音规则：在清辅音后读s；在浊辅音后和元音后读z；在s、F、z 、tF、dV后读iz.ed的读音规则：在清辅音后读t；在浊辅音后和元音后读d；在t 、d后读id.(2)不规则动词变化表：（原形一 过去式一过去分词）beam,is was been lose lost Jost be(are) were been make made made beat beat beaten may might become became become mean meant meant begin began begun meet met met blow blew blown mistake mistook mistaken break broke broken must must bring brought brought pay paid paid build built built put put put buy bought bought read read Read can could ride rode ridden catch caught caught ring rang rung choose chose chosen rise rose risen come came come run ran run cost cost cost say said said cut cut cut see saw seen dig dug dug sell sold sold do did done send sent sent draw drew drawn set set set drink drank drunk shall should drive drove driven shine shone shone eat ate eaten show showed shown fall fell fallen shut shut shut feel felt felt sing sang sung sunk/sunke find found found sink sank/sunk n fly flew flown sit set set forgot/forg forget forgot sleep slept slept otten freeze froze frozen smell smelt smelt get got got speak spoke spoken give gave given spend spent spent go went gone spill spilt spilt grow grew grown spoil spoilt spoilt hung/hang hung/hange hang stand stood stood ed d have(has) had had sweep swept swept hear heard heard swim swam swum hide hid hidden take took taken hit hit hit teach taught taught hold held held tell told told hurt hurt hurt think thought thought keep kept kept throw threw thrown understa know knew known understootJ understooa nd woke/wake woken/wa lay Iaid laid wake d ed learnt/learn learnt/learn learn wear wore worn ed ed leave left left will would lend lent lent win won won let let let write wrote witten /ie lay lain 3、be动词的各种时态变化1一般现在时一般将来时现在完成时lam. （等各人称）willbe. /have been Y ou are. I am You have been He/She/1tis He/She/1tis going She/he/It has been. We/You/They tobe We/You/They have are. We/You/They are been : L-般过去时过去将来时过去完成时I was （等各人称）wouldbe. /had been You were. /was You had been He/She/It was. He/She/It was She/he/1thadbeen We/You/They going tobe We/You/They had were. We/You/They were been 注意：句型变化时，否定句在am/is/are/wi/l/have/has/was/were/had/wou/d后面加not,而且not都可以缩写为nt(am后面not不可以缩写）; 疑问句将am/；s/are/will/have/has/was/were/had/wou/d提前到句首。4、其它谓语动词（主动语态）的时态变化现在一般现在时现在进行时;.般将来时现在完成时态时动词用原形（单m will+动词原形have过去三加s/es)动词:m 分词谓语动IS （问句和否定句-ing +going to动has 词构成借用助词doI are 词原形does) are 过去一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时态时动词用过去式wa 动词would动词原形had过去分谓语动（问句和否定句wa +going to动词借用助词d动-ing 词构成were 词原形were 5、八种时态的具体用法：(1)一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态或说明主语的特征。 般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等），once/twice,a(week等），on(Sunday等），never,inthe (morning等）。如：Theygo to the Palace Museum/ They often discuss business.（他们经常在晚上商谈生意） 表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如：The earth turns round the sun./ Light travels faster than sound 表示十分确定会发生（如安排好的事情）或按照时间表进行的事情，用一般现在可以表达将来句子中可以有将来时间。如：Thetrain for Haikou leaves at 8 : 00 in the morning. 在时间状语从句中（以when,after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导）和条件状语从句中（以if,unless引导）用一般现在时代替般将来时句子可以有将来时间。如：Pleaseringmeup./Jfwe will have to stay at home. 一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作，动词以come,go为主。如：Here the bus. /There空thebell 一般现在时常用于体育比赛的解说或寓言故事中。Nowthe midfield player the ball and he it. 人的心理活动和感官动作一般用一般现在时而不用现在进行时表达常见动词有：like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(_认为），understand,remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel see.如：I!f!s it is going to snow. / I really I!.!:,吧？youcan enjoy your stay here. (2)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态这种动作或状态可能是次性，也可能经常发生。 表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时，时间状语有：at(eight)(yesterday morning,ten minutes) ago, when引导的时间状语从句。如：/gotup at 6 : 00 this morning_. / Little Tom broke the window at half past nine / _,he saw a stranger talking with his father. 表示过去段时间内不知何时发生的次性动作时时间状语有：yesterday,last(year等），in(1998等）。如：Hecame to our city ear 2000 表示过去个阶段中经常发生的事情时，时间状语有：/ast, in., from. toI for(lO years,often,usually, sometimes, always, never等。如:Mr 丿acksonusually went to evening schools.昼空y匈hewent to the rich man and borrowed books from him. 讲故事、对过去经历的回忆、双方都明白的过去事件等一般用过去时而且经常省略时间状语。如：/ to meet Rose in the street. (3)一般将来时 表示将来某时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow,this(afternoon,next(year,one day, now,soon, will someday,sometime, in the future, when引导的从句等。 用wi/构成的将来时表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“sha/用千第人称，用于所有人称。如：/!lJ! graduate from this school soon./ stay alone after I leave. am/is/are going to动词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情，或者主观判断即将要发生的事懦而“am/is/areto动词原形”表示安排或计划中的动作。女: A man told them that the woman give birth to the special baby I l(_g5!l!9.!_ rain soon. 表示一个人临时决定要做某事，可以用wi/表达。如：I讥goto the lab to get some chemicals(化学药剂）Soplease wait- 现在进行时、一般现在时也可以表示将来。（见相应时态） shall和will在口语的一些疑问句中相当千清态动词。Shall一般与第一人称连用，wi ll与第二人称连用。如：gotothe zoo next Saturday?/P钮妇pleaseopen the door for me? (J)“beto动词原形”表示按照计划将要发生的事情。如：Anangel came to tell her that she was to have this special boy. (4)现在进行时 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻不一定在进行的动作。 现在进行时由“助动词be(am is are)现在分词“构成。 现在进行时的时间状语有：now, this,these. 等，但经常不用。如：Whatare you doing up in the tree?/I am writing a long novel s. 表示即将发生的动作，一般指近期安排好的事清。常见的动词有：come,go, stay, leave, spend, do等如：now./What主立OU空四tomorrow?/ He soon. 表示频繁发生或反复进行的动作，常与always等频度副词连用，以表示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感情色彩。如：Hemoney from me and forgetting all about it some time later. (5)过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作。 过去进行时由“was(第三人称单数）或were(第二人称单数和各人称的复数）现在分词”构成。 过去进行时的时间状语有：then,at that time, this time yesterday, at (eight) yesterday (morning),(a year) ago,以及由when引出的时间状语从句。如：Hewas cooking supper./ The little girl was playing with her toy 用于宾语从句或时间状语从句中，表示与主句动作同时进行而且是延续时间较长。句子中通常不用时间状语。如：Shewas it happen when she was walkin / They sang a lot of songs in the dark forest. 也可以表示过去个阶段频繁发生或反复进行的动作，常与always等频度副词连甩以表示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感清色彩。如：He was a/ways borrowing money from me when he lived here. (6)现在完成时现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作，或表示开始在过去并且一直延续到现在甚至还可能延续下去的动作。在完成时由“助动词havehas.)动词的过去分词“构成。表示发生在过去的对现在仍有影响的动作时，时间状语有：a/readyet just once, twice,ever, never,three times, before等。如：havenever seen such 加epicturesbefore.Hehas儿goneto England. 表示在过去开始一直延续到现在（可能延续下去）的动作或状态时，时间状语有：fortwo years,since 1990, since two weeks ago.片nsince引导的状语从句。如：I have been away from my hometown-/ Uncle Wang has worked in the factory 口语中havegot往往表示have(有）的意思。如：Theythousands of books in their library have been to与havegone to的区别：havegone to(“已经去了”)表示人不在这里havebeen to(“去过）表示人在这里。如：- -Where is Mr Li? -He住互 the UK./ -Do you know something about Beijing?-Yes,I been toBeijingthreetimes. 在完成时中，个瞬间性动词(次性动作）不能与表示段时间的状语连用此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。具体变化见下表：I 瞬间性动词的完成时延续I钰h词或状态动词的完成时(a/read for two have y) gone to. have been in/at years) come _ sm. ce has to has been here (1990) been awa.Ji (had) left. had) from arrived. been in. died been dead begun been on ended been over bought had borrowe d. kept ioined been in. 或者使用下面这个句型：It is / has been +（多久）since+主语（人）谓语（过去时）过去时间状语注意在其它的时态中也存在类似问题记住关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达段时间的状语连用。如：Howlong may I空？thebook?（句子中keep取代了borroK1(7)过去完成时过去完成时表示过去某时间或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作。简言之过去完成时所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。过去完成时由“助动词had动词的过去分词”构成。过去完成时时间状语有：by(y-esterday,by then, by the end of last.炬贤亏由when,before等引出状语从句。有时句子中会有already,just, once, ever, never等词语也会有fo亿或since.构成的时间状语。如：Theyhad finished cleaning the classroom-/ The woman had left before he realized she was a cheat 过去完成时常用千宾语从句中、after引导的从句中，或者从句是before引导的主句中。如：-lwalkedintothedarkne红/Hesaidthathehadneverseenakangaroobefore. (8)过去将来时过去将来时表示在过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时由“助动词shou凤第一人称）或would.第二、三人称）动词原形构成。在美国英语中过去将来时的助动词一律用“would动词原形”。过去将来时常由于宾语从句中时间状语有：/ater, soon, the next day). 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中不可以使用过去将来时，而应该使用一般过去时。如：Hepromised that he me a lot if I helped him with the project. / Every time when he was free,he would sit down and read some books. 表示纯粹的将来时用would或should,表示打算或主观认为的事情用was/weregoing to(动词原形）。如：Shetold me she 18 the next month. / She told me that she a walk with her pet dog. 过去将来时还可以表示个过去经常性的动作。如：Whenit rained in the day, he would bring an umbrella with him. (9)现在完成进行时：现在完成进行时指个从过去就开始直延续到现在并由可能继续下去的动作，它具有现在完成时和现在进行时双重特征，结构是：“have/has+ been 动词的现在分词。如：/-in the cold water for about two hours./ How long you here? 6、被动语态：(1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。如果主语是动作的执行者（即某人做某事）便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者（即某事被做）便叫被动语态。主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别，而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。(2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。具体结构见下表：现在时态一般现在时 现在进行时一般将来时现在完成时:m ais m will + be+ p.p. have/has) ias m -+going to+ b +been 谓语动词+being+p.p. 构成+p.p. +p.p. are are + p.p. are 过去时态一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时was J-w哼would +be+p.p. had 谓语动词+p.p. was +goin9 +been+p.p. 构成were + being+p.p. to+be+p.p. were were 注p.p表示过去分词。(1)被动语态的用法：不知道谁是动作的执行者（即不知道淮做）时用被动语态省略by短语。如：Amanin the accident./ This window yesterd叮不说或者众所周知是谁做时用被动语态省略by短语。如：Rice住also红空空inthis place. / A railroad here in three years. 强洞动作的承受者，句尾加by短语。如：/t by Lu Xun./ A pet dog 但neverl!k!f by its owner. (2)主动语态如何改写为被动语态：1主动句：丑沮吾（人物）t 谓语（及物动词）宾语（入物）+ 1一:. . -.LI,_L;_.I. 一十八心-.,._,._.-.;i_.:._/.-上I-1-,J片”:z.了L、1 垒乡乡乡乡i-、乡乡: 中 、矗, 主语（人物）+ 谓语（及物动词）by 人物（动作的承受者）（be过去分词）（动作的执行者）, (3)注意点：“动词间接宾语直接宾语”改为被动时可以用间接宾面驸皮动句的主语。如：His teacher生匹hima dictionary. -He a dictionary by his teacher. 也可以用直接宾卸驸皮动句的主语但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。如：His teacher生匹hima dictionary.- A dictionary rt? him by his teacher. /His father him a kite. - A kite f?r him by his father. “动词宾语动词原形改为被动时动词原形前要加to如：Theboss made the poor man work 12 hours a day.-The poor man rt? work 12 hours ad.叮“动词介词”改为被动时，介词一般在原位不动。如：Thegirl ood care ?f her little brother.- The girls little brother?(by her. be过去分词“未必表示被动语态而可能是系表结构。如：Heisp/eased/worried/tired/.（系表）（他高兴焦虑疲劳）He was hit/ knocked down/ told/ shot/（被动）（他被击中撞倒关照射中）7、动词的非谓语形式(1)动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。它们在句子中不能单独作谓语。(2)动词不定式：形式动词不定式基本形式由“不定式记号to动词原形”构成。它的否定形式只要在“to前面加上“nof。它的疑问形式是：“wh岳对司词to动词原形。它的被动形式：tobe过去分词。它的完成形式：tohave过去分词”。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，即可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。但不定式也保留动词的某些特征，即不定式后面可以踉宾语、表语和状语。动词不定式加上相关成分就构成不定式短语。动词不定式可以放在谓语前句子作主语。但是通常将作主语的动词不定式或不定式短语放在谓语后面而在主语位置用“it作形式主语（有时在不定式的前面还会用forsb.表示不定式的逻辑主语）。如：is helping people./ _B寸svery difficult for us/ 互tookme half an hour out this f!_roblem. 动词不定式可以作谓语动词（及物动词）的宾语。A及物动词不定式一般形式：, 不定谓语动词(vt.)式说明（作宾语）wan炽想）try(试图）decide(决定）（无）would like(想要）hope(希望）/ love(喜爱）learn(学会）afford_!是+ to 供）agree(同意）faiK失败、未能）(do) mean（意味着）prefer(宁愿）/ wish(希望）help(帮助）to可以省略begin(开始）start(开始）hate(憎恨）也可跟动名词，意义变化不大forget.忘记）remember(_记得）也可踉动名词，意义变化like(总爱）较大如：Iwould like at the moment. / They began_ to search the !_ for the thiel / He liked in the pool near his house./ When did you learn?/Don t forget to close the door when you leave. 比较Heforgot. He forgot./ Please remember to rin. I I remember but you forgot.( B及物动词疑问词不定式：谓语动词(vt.)+wh疑问词不定式（作说明宾语）tell（告诉）show（显示）/ 不定式疑know（知道）ask（问）/find 问形式还out（发现）understand（明白）+ to 可以作句I wonder疑惑）learn(学会）/ 子的主语、forget(忘记）remember记who 表i吾等。得）/teach sb.（教某人）/ which discuss(商讨） ，参如：Hedoes not know-/ Tell me et to the ./ She asked me./ Can you teach me how to search the internet? C不定式作宾语而后面又有宾语补足语时通常用it代替作形式宾语而不定式则后置。如：/found it not very easy to learn to ride a bike. 动词不定式可以在句子中用作定语，放在名词或代词后面。A记住下面的一些结构：. 被修饰部分+ 不定式（作后置汉语意思定语）a to lock the 锁门的钥匙key door a to hold these 装这些东西的箱子box things give her a to read 给她一本书读book ls there any(名词to (do)? 有要（做的）吗？代词）It s togo. 是走的时间了。该走了。time Do you have any todo? 你有工作要做吗？work I d like to eat. 我要点儿吃的。something I have to say. 我没有话要说。nothing Would you like to drink? 你要点儿喝的吗？something B在这种清况下如果不定式动词是不及物动词则后面必须加介词。如：They could not find a place to live_立?.Pleasegive me a chair to si竺/He has got a writing brush to write-动词不定式可以在句子中用作状语，有下列几种清况：A放在不及物动词(come,go, stop, finish, wait等词）的后面。如：Hecame_l!esterday I I stopped B放在完整的谓语之后（即“谓语宾语”、谓语宾语补语“、“动词表语”之后）。如：Wecleaned the room-/ I opened the windowtoseemoredearly. C有时表示目的的不定式短语可以放在句首。如：,/gotup one hour earlier than usual 注意stoptodo与stopdoing的不同。如：Theystopped I They stopped and began to listen to the teahcher. 动词不定式可以在句子中用作表语，限用于连系动词之后。如：Myjob is the 生动词不定式可以在句子中用作复合宾语中的宾语补足语。1 谓语动词(vt:)|垒严宾语I不定式（人（作宾语补足语）物）ask(请）te/J_关照）teach(教）/ wa顽想要）wouldlike(想要）/ +sb./ +to do) g或让）help(帮）invite(邀请）sth. like(喜欢）warn(警告）make(使得）/ I或让）heari_听）/ +sb./ see(看）fee.感觉）watch(观看）+ (do sth. have(使得）help(帮助）如：Mumasked me .（妈妈叫我帮助她做饭）Iwould like you-/ The boss often made the workers ./Nowletmeyou处the violin. 注意help之后做宾补的不定式符号to可以省略；hear/see/ feel/ watch之后的宾补用不定式与现在分词时，含义不同，需特别注意（参见现在分词部分）。试比较：/heard her玉whenI walked past.（指当时瞬间的情况）I sat near her and heard her-（指整个过程）(3)动名词动名词由动词原形加词尾”ing构成。动名词有动词的特征，可以踉宾语可以被状语修饰；它也有名词的特征，在句子中可以作主语、宾语（包括介词宾语）等。动名词加相关词语（宾语或状i酐夸）构成动名词短语。动名词可以作主语。一般可用it作形式主语而将动名词短语后移。如：Leaming Enis not so easy. (=It is not so easyfish a/byyourse/f) 动名词可以作宾语。A want/ need之后用动名词时，含有被动意思。如：Yourcar needs badly（你的车急需修理。）（被修）Myhair needs E!:!J!g. B remember/ forge/ stop/ finish之后用动名词时，与用不定式含义不同。如：I forgot-I I forgot ter to him. I They stopped I They stopped C enjoy/ mind/ keep/ hate/ go等词般用动名词作宾语。如：Doyou mind my c/osingthe door?/She hates 仁Theywent every afternoon. D like/ love/ start/ begin/ learn后面用动名词时与用不定式意思相近或相同。如：Webegan lish when we were at primary school 动名词可以作表语，此时特别注意不要与现在进行时混淆。如：Myjob is E!f1 theseparts together./I丑nputt位gthese parts together. 动名词与现在分词构成相同，但是含义不同，动名词主要表示事情，而现在分词则主要表示进行着的动作。如：is not good for your health.（动名词短语，作主语）生空卫1isbe/ieving.（动名词短语，分别作主语和表语）Heran after a bus and got onto it.（现在分词，作定语）Hisfather saw him sittin.（现在分词，作宾补）(4)分词：包含现在分词和过去分词。（高中学习重点）主要区别：现在分词一般有主动的意思或表示动作正在进行的意思；过去分词有被动或动作已经完成的意思。分词可以有自己的宾语或状语。分词或分词短语在句子中作定语、状语和复合宾语等。A作定语：分词作定语时一般要放在修饰的名词之前，分词短i酐乍定语时，则要放在所修饰的名词之后。如：/have got a nose.（我流鼻涕）/The woman -shouted very loudly, Stop the thief! I Yesterday I met a man-/ He only gave me a glass,so I was very angry with him. B现在分词可以作下列动词的宾语补足语。（参考不定式作宾语补足语）谓语动词(vt.)宾语宾语补足语keep(保持）see(看到）heal听到）watch(注意sb./sth. (do)ing 到）fee感觉到）如：Mumkept me _ / When I entered the room,/ saw丿ackeatin.)/ In the dark I felt something very cold movingonmyfoot. C现在分词可以作状语，表示伴随情况。如：Shecame into the c/assroom,-./lam very硒thesedaysgettingreadyforthecomingoraltest. D过去分词可以作表语放在连系动词后面但要注意不要与被动语态混淆，“主系表”主要表示状态而被动语态则表示动作。常用过去分词作表语的结构有：beworried（焦虑）bepleased（高兴）betired（疲劳）getdressed（打扮好）I get lost（迷路）getcaught（遭遇）beomefrustrated（沮丧）becomeintereted in（对感兴趣）等等。例略。E过去分词可以作宾语补足语。如：/had my hair竺(J_this morning.（今天早上我让人给我理了发）（注意：havesth.done表示动作由别人来做而havedone sth则为现在完成时的结构，两个结构不可以混淆）8、动词用法辨析：(1) Whynot动词原形？”（干嘛不？）是简略句，完全形式是：Whydontyou+动词原形？如：goand have a look?/ try it once again? (2) seem（好象）的用法：记住几个结构：(Dsb./sth.+ seem + (to be卅凭容词； sb./sth. + seem + like +;sb/sth + seem + to (do ;It seems that+从句。如：He (to be very happy when he was called by the headmaster. /It that nobody else could do such a foolish thing except丿im.(3) beafra风害怕）的用法：记住几个结构：(!)beafraid of sth; be afraid of (doing,方be afraid to (d吵beafraid that从句。如：She/_ a little snakes.（她有点怕蛇）Dont腔sostay at home alone at night.（别害怕晚上一个人在家）Im afmid that somebody wi/ take his p/ace because of his serious mistakes.（恐怕有人要取代他了，因为他犯了那么大的错误）(4) be son:从抱歉）的用法：记住几个结构：be sorry for (sth), be sorry for (doing sth), be sorry to (do), be sorry that从句。如：/very!:_空卫位keepingyou waiting so long./ I trouble you. /I (that he isnthere at the moment (5) be sure（确信）的用法：记住几个结构：(!)besure of (sth), be sure to(do), be sure that从句。如：Shetold me many times that she come./ you your answer?Maybe it s wrong./ I am sure that Dad will help me with the job. (6) make与do的用法：一般情况下表示进行活动或者做工作用do,表示创造建构某事物用make.如：dontknow what to坐Imnot going to空anywork. / My father and I once a boat. 此外还要记住些固定说法：dogood / harm / business / one s best / a favour. make a decision/ an effort/ a mistake/ a noise/ a phone call/ money/ war/ the bed/ sure,. (7)puton、Wear、have.on、bein、tryon、dress的用法：puton强调“穿、戴这个动作过程wear则表示“穿着戴着“这状态have衣物on主要表示状态bein(颜色衣物）也是表示一个状况，dress(人）表示“给人穿衣勹如：Please巴止竺？your new shoes. / The twins the same clothes. / Today she 竺anovercoat竺？./Do you know the woman who J!.i! black?/Dad径 Tom now. 注意dress与wear或puton的区别：wear或puton常用衣物作宾语而dress常用人作宾语。表示给自己穿衣时常用“getdressed或“dressoneself表达。be dressed in与wear基本同义。dressup意为“穿上盛装乔装打扮如：Couldyou the baby for me?/ He is eight but can t /She a red coat./ Do I have to to go to丿imsparty? (8)/ike、love与enjoy的用法：三个词都含有“喜欢的意思但是like和enjoy后面跟动名词，ove后面一般跟动词不定式。like后面有时跟动词不定式表示一种习惯或嗜好（往往与具体的时间或地点有关）。enjoy后面还可以加名词、反身代词表示“享受乐趣；玩得开心”。如：Doyou shopping?/He to have a swim when he gets home every afternoon. / They但空tosing foreign songs. / Did you至yourselfat the party?/He living in China. (9) study. learn的用法：study主要表示“学习、研究，指过程；而eam主要表示“学会”，指结果。表示“学时可以互换。如：Howmany subjects do you g_空f_x?/ Have you it yet?/ How long have you English? learn还可以表示听说如：Helearned the musician himself was in town. (10) think. want. would like的用法：三个词都含有“想”的意思但think指“思考、考虑,want指“想要、愿望、企图”,wouldlike指“想要“,think后面一般跟介词短语或从句，want和wouldlike后面跟名词或动词不定式。如：Doyouff!l!lithat China will become a developed country in 40 years?/ I am ff!l!liing of the money I once lent to Li Min. / What do you really亚!to say?/ Which of these cakes you胀(tohave)? (11)/ook for. search.for. find. find out的用法：前面两个词i吾表示动作过程后面两个表示结果，ookfor指“寻找不见的或丢失的东西但还没有找到；search.for.指“为找而搜寻”，.find指“找到了东西；findout主要指“查明一个事实真相”。如：Hey,Monkey, what are you in the cupboard?/Have you f!:! the lost key to your car?/ The soldiers were the room f! the spy when they heard a loud noise. / let s try to who broke the window. 注解find的几个结构：findsb.sth”为某人找到”,findsth./sb. + adj/n.“发觉某人是”，findit +adj. + to do（或宾语从句）“发现（做）如何。如：His motherfoundherdaughtera veryc/everg矶（名词作补语补足语）Youcan easilyfindBnotgoodforyourhea/thtoeatco/dfood. (12) listen to、hear的用法两个词与听觉有关listento指“听”这一过程hear指“听到这一结果如：Areyou me,Jim? Yes,/ have腔空心Ourwords. (13)/ook. see、watch.read的用法：四个词均与眼睛有关ook指放眼去“看”（不管是否看得到），指“看的过程；see指“看见“这结果有时see还引申为“明白”表示“看”时后面加“电影”等词；watch指专注的看，含有“注视、监视之义后面常跟“电视、比赛”等词；read限制为看书面材料，译为“看阅读后面踉“书、报纸、杂志”等词。如：Whatare you?/ Please the blackboard / Let me go to竺thefilm, mum, will you?/ He won t feel well until he finishes ing the football match. / ing gives us knowledge. (l4)hear:、hearof.、hearfrom. learn的用法：hear“听说后面可以踉名词、代词、从句表示听见的内容hearof听说后面踉人，指对某人有耳闻但没有见过面；hear from”收到的来信后面加人；eam“听说得知”后面踉从句含义与hear相似。如：IMr Green is coming to see us tonight./ Have you ever the man who once went to the Himalaya Mountains?/ How often do you your father?/ He the musician himself was in town. (lS)speak、ta/ksay、tell的用法四个词与“说“有关。speak”讲话、发言、演说，是不及物动词，涉及人时要加介词to,speak作及物动词时后面跟语言名称；talk”谈话、闲谈是不及物动词涉及人时用介词with,to等涉及事情时后面跟介词about等；say是及物动词后面踉名词、代词、从句等表示说的内容；te/是及物动词，后面首先要踉人然后再踉从句或者介词短语等。如：Doyou丑竺些English?/Who 斗atthe meeting?/ Our teacher is Lin Tao s parent. / Can you迎itin English?/ Please me something about the strange flying object. (l6)be able todo,人can的用法：can是情态动词有许多含义表示“可能、可以、会”等意思只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式；beable to表示能力上“会”,有多种时态形式to后面跟动词原形有时可以与can/could互换。如：Canyou speak English?/ He couldn twasntable to) swim when he was 12. (17) there be. have的用法：两个词都可以译为“有“但是have表示的是“拥有“,主语必须是人或者物；therebe表示“存在的概念主语在therebe之后。如：How many brothers and sisters do you? I only one brother./ How many chairs and desks in their classroom? none. 注解therebe sb./sth doing与therebe sb./sth to do有所不同：用doing表示一个正在发生的事情而用todo则表示一个滞后或迟于therebe的动作。如：Look! There is a dog仅onthe stairway. / Take your time. There is nothing tonight. (18)borrow. lend、Keep的用法表示“借的三个词，borrow“借进、/end”出借都是次性动作，不可以和表示段的时间状语连用；keep“保存“用来表示借段时间。如：/have lost the book I from my teacher. What can I do? / How long have you性巴mydictionary,eh?For more than two months! (19)bring、take、carry.send、lift的用法：bring指从远处“拿来”;take指从面前“拿走”;carry指般的搬运不涉及方向；send主要指“送派暹寄; lift 指把东西由低向高”提起、怜起。例略。(20)hope、wish的用法：两个词都表示“希望”，但是，hope表达有把握或信心实现的事博后面直接踉动词不定式或者宾语从句，不可以跟动名词或作宾语补足语的不定式；wish表达实现的可能性不大的事情后面跟名词、宾语从句（用过去时）或者作宾语补足语的不定式。如：Weall位屯to see him very soon. / I位屯it will be fine tomorrow so that we can go out. / How I亚劝it五notraining at the moment! (2l)take、spend.pay.、cost的用法：spend的宾语通常是金钱或时间，句型：Isb.（spend)时间金钱onsth / （叫三，take的主语通常是事情，句型：lsth./1t+ (take)+sb.时间todo. 4。（如果是动作则常用it作形式主语将动词不定式后移）；cost的宾语通常是时间、金钱力气句型：Isth. （cost)sb.时间金钱力气Ipay的宾语通常是金钱句型：Isb.+(pa金钱for事物如：She生左丑thewhole night reading the novel/ This job will me two days. =It will me two days to do the job./ How much does a house like this?/庄世himtwenty dollars for the book. (22)begin、start的用法：begin在大多数情况下可以替代start,（反义词是end)后面接不定式或动名词时区别不大但是start还可以表示“开始、出发、启动，反义词是stop；某事停止后再重新开始一般用start如：Whendid you to learn English?/ They getting in the crops after the rain stopped/ This time he could not竺hiscar. (23)arrive in/at、reach.get to的用法：arrive是不及物动词，到达具体地点时后面加介词at,到达个大的地方（国家、城市）时后面加介词in,arrive后面可以直接踉地点副词here/there/home等；get表示”到达时是不及物动词涉及地点（无论大小）时后面加to,get后面可以直接踉地点副词here等；reach是及物动词后面直接踉地点名词。如：HeSan Francisco last Sunday./ How did you in the night?/ We hurried all the way and reached the station just five minutes before the train left (24)be made of.、bemade from. be made into、bemade in. be made by.、bemade for的区别：bemade of指从制成品中可以看得出原材料，而bemade from 则指从制成品中看不出原材料，口语中都可以换成bemade out of.。be made into 表示”被制成 ”，bemade in表达被制造的地点bemade by表达制造的人，bemade for表达被制造的目的。如：Thiskind of paper bamboo./ The desk is made of wood and metal / A Jot of paper has been made into paper birds./ Computers these cities./ This kite Uncle Wang./ A big bag me to hold my waste things. (25)be used for.、beused to、usedto、getused to的区别：beused for+名词代词或动名词beused to+动词原形表示两个短语意思相近表示“用于 。used to 动词原形表示“过去常常”，否定式可以是“didntuse td也可以是usedn t td; get/be used to +动名词表示“习惯千。如：Aknife can竺usedforcutt但g_things. / A knife can cut things./ He borrow novels from the library when he was at school / He is used to gett但gup early in the morning. (26)beat,win与lose:beat（打败）后面踉“人，而win（赢得）后面踉“比赛、竞赛”等。如：Whowon at last?/ Class Three beat us 5-0. / I am sure to win the match. 而ose则表示“输了，常用句型：losesth. to sb.如：Unluckilywe但红thematch to Class Three. (27)grow. plant. keep的区别：plant着重讲栽种植这个动作，grow则指种植以后的栽培、“管理而keep则主要指“喂养、赡养“一个人或者动物。如：He正vegetablesin his garden./ I ten trees last yea,;but four of them died (2B)fal/ . drop的区别：fa/指东西由高处向下坠落不及物动词；也可以作连系动词，意思是“变得进入某种状态1odrop表示物体由高处往低处落下，不及物动词；或让物体落向低处及物动词。如：Theman fell off the tractor and hurt himselt / Soon after they touched the pillows they /（系动词）fastasleep. / He felt as if he had to竺maths./He a letter into the mail-box. (29)join、joinin、takepart in的区别：join多指参加组织、团体、党派等后面踉人时表示和某人一起参加某项活动；joinin指参加某项游戏或活动；takepart in多指参加群众性的活动、运动、会议等。如：He坦但竺tthe army in 2001. /They边左dme但congratulatingyou. (30)beat、hit.strike的用法区别：beat指“连续不断地打击；（心脏的）跳动;hit指“一次性地撞击、命中“;strike与hit基本同义还可以理解为划（火柴）、给深刻的印象”。如：Theman looks dead,but his heart issti/，严ingweakly. / He hit the ball so hard that it flew over their heads and fell into the lake./ He went into the room and struck a match(火柴）(31)carryon. carryout的区别：carryon表示“进行、继续;carryout表示“进行、贯彻、实现。如：/will the work. / I have some difficulties in carrying呾hisorders. (32)be amazed与besurprised的区别：beamazed“感到惊讶”指人对某个不可能发生却实际发生了的事情感到极其的讶异；besurprised“感到吃惊”指人对突发的事件感到惊讶。如：Whenhe dived deep into the sea, he was amazed at the colours of all the beautiful coral reefs. (33)warn的用法：“warnsb. of/about sth意思是针对而警告某人”;“warnsb(not to do sth意思是“告戒某人（不）要做某事;“warnsb. + that从句意思是警告某人说。如：Theythe passengers !f thieves. (34) think of与thinkabout等短语的区别：thinkof表示“考虑思念、认为、想起、建议等；“thinkabout表示“看待、认为;thinkmuch /highly /a lot of 表示“高度评价”；thinkover表示“仔细考虑”;“thinkout表示“想出。如：Theheadmaster this boy./ Were going to France for our holiday./ I!l!Ji it竺andyou will have a way./ I cannot his name. I forgot it / -What do you his composition? -Verygood! (35)agree with/ agree to/ agree on等词语用法：“agreeto动词”表示“同意做某事”,“agreewith + sb.观点”表示“赞同的观点”/agreeabout表示“对话题有相同看法/“agreeto建议表示“同意“某人的建议“agreeon+决定表示“赞成某人的决定”。例略。(36)deserve(应该应得）的用法：deserve后面可以加不定式也可以加名词。如：Theyhad tried their best and they win. / The little boy always made troubles around and beating. / The girl did a good deed and deserved praise. 九、连接泪1、连词的含义：连接词与词、短语与短语、或引导从句的词叫连接词。2、连词的分类：连词分为井列连接词和从属连接词两种。1、井列连接词连接并列的词、短语、从句或句子。常见的并列连接词有：and(和），but_但是），or(或者否则），nor(也不），so(所以），however(然而无论如何），for(因为），sti从可是），aswell a.s(也)，both.and.（租），notonly. but also（不但而且），either. or.（或或），neither.nor.（既不也不）等。2、从属连接词用于引导从句，常见的从属连接词有：when,当时候），while(正当时候），after(在之后），before(在之前），since(自从），unt从直到），although/though(虽然），if(假如），as郎且 一样；由于），asas（和一样），asfar a.s(就而言），aslong as(只要），assoon as(一就），evenif(即使），because(因为），unless（除非），tha爪比），whether（是否），inorder that.（为了），so. that.（如此以致），sothat.（以便），nowthat.（现在既然），bythe time.（到时候），everytime.（每当），asif.（仿佛），nomatter whe爪或wheneVi动（无论何时），nomatter where(或whereVi动（无论在哪里）等。辨析(1) because、as.since. for的用法：because(因为）表示原因的语气最强常表示必然的因果关系，从句一般放在主句后面；另外，回答why的问句只能用because.as(因为）表示一般的因果关系语气比because弱说明比较明显的原因，它引导的从句可以放在句首也可以放在句尾。since(既然）表示对方已经知道、无需加以说明的原因或事实。for(因为）是并列连词语气较弱用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释。如：Heisnot at school today he is seriously i.儿生allof you have got here, now, let s go to the zoo./ I will ask Lin Tao to go with me you are very busy. / We must be off now_位thematch starts at 7 : 00. (2)if. whether的区别表示“是否时，if和whether同义，引导宾语从句另外whether还可以引导主语从句、表语从句（以及同位语从句）等名词性从句或者让步状语从句； 而if还可以表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句（主句与从句遵循主将从现的原则）。如：Idon t know !f/ he will arrive on time.（我不知道他是不是会按时到达）/ I will ring you up互hearrives on time.（如果他按时到达我会给你打电话的）注意下列情况只能用whether不能用矿引导主语从句，引导表语从句，引导从句作介词宾语，引导不定式短语，引导让步状语从句在动词discuss之后在wonder/ not sure之后在if与whether含义易混时。如：Whetherit is a fine day next Sunday is still a question.（引导主语从句）Pleaseask him to go there with a raincoat 5!.!5!J.（作动词的宾语）Hainanis the place to be, whether it s summer or winter.（引导让步状语从句）Pleaselet me know you need my help.（引导宾语从句）（如果换成if则还可能表示“如果你需要我的帮助谓告知)(3)while、when、as的用法区别：while常表示一个较长的动作，它引导的从句动作与主句的动作是同时发生的、是平行的；when可以表示较短的动作也可以表示较长的动作，主句和从句的动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生；as与上两词同义，可替换while和when，表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，常译为“一边一边如：Pleasedo not trouble me Jll!fk I am writing my homework. / III go home I have finished my job. / They were running quickly across the road they heard the sound of a truck coming.生wewalked in the dark street, we sang songs and talked loudly. (4)ti!./until与not.ti!./until的区别：前者表示一个延续性的动作后者表示个才开始的动作。如：/will stay here and watch the baby-(stay这个动作直进行到你return)/They won t go on workinget what the. 另外ti/与unti基本可以互换但是在句首时只能用until,不能用till如：位世!the last minute of the match we kept playing. / Not !fl_ he had finished his work did he go home.（倒装句）(S)though与although的区别：两个词都表示“虽然，均不可以与but同时使用但在句中可加sti/或yet连用。although“尽管、虽然仅作连词，比较正式般可以换为though; though“虽然、尽管、即使还可以与even连用(=evenif)表示”即使、纵然，作副词时意思是“然而不过，不能放在句首。如：Hepassed the exams illness prevented him from going to classes./ she won t leave the TV set, her husband is waiting for her for the supper./ It was a quiet party. I had a good time, -(6)prefer to. rather than与prefer.to.的区别：preferto. rather than后面都是用动词原形，prefer.to都是用动名词或名词。如：I巴世English竺丿f;Jpanese./I learn English learn丿apanese.十、简卑句1、简单句的特点：简单句通常只由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成。2、简单句的种类：简单句般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句四种。3、陈述句：用来说明一个事实的句子叫陈述句。它有肯定式和否定式两种形式。陈述句的肯定式：Heis a middle school student/ I have a hammer in my hand./ She teaches us geograp吵Thenew play was good enough and everybody enjoyed it. 陈述句的否定式：1)谓语动词如果是tobe.助动词、情态动词时在它们的后面加“not。如：Mybrother a teacher./ He a cousin./ I o there tomorrow./ My mother a meal in the kitchen./ You !E! such mistakes agai几Wethe question. 2)谓语动词如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时须在它的前面加donot(dont)如：I don t know anything about it. / Li Ming pigs in the countryside. 3)如果“have作“有讲也可以在它后面加not构成否定式其形式与havegot 的否定式相同。如：/ any brothers or sisters. 注意句子中如果有all.both、verymuch/we/等词时，用not一般构成部分否定如果要完全否定则通常使用none.neither. not. at a/等; of them went there. -+None of them went there. 句子中含有little.few. too(太）、hardly.never. neither. nor. seldom等词时则视为否定句。如：people live there because life there is very hard 陈述句（主语谓语其他）在口语中可以直接表示疑问，表示惊讶或明知故问。如：That s your boss? 陈述句一般清况下应使用正常的语序即主语谓语其他。但是有时会倒装详见“倒装句0所有的从句律使用陈述句语序即在连接词后采用“主语谓语其他的顺序。如：The old man told me腔ears before he returns home. 4、疑问句：一般疑问句：用“yes或“no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。1)一般疑问句构成：句中谓语动词是tobe、助动词、情态动词时，则将它们（提前）放到主语前面。如：!he an engineer?/ you got today s newspaper?/ we go to see a film this evening?/ you explain it?/住thereany fish for supper.?/ you like to go out for a walk? 谓语动词如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时，则在主语前面加助动词do/does/ did, 原来的谓语动词改为原形。如：Q!you生主upat six every morning?/Doesshe 竺hard?2)一般疑问句的回答：一般疑问句通常用简略形式来回答。如：Will you join us in playing basketba/？一Yes,wew讥No,we won t. Have you got today s newspaper？一Yes,I have./ -No, I haven t. 回答时所用的时态应和问句里的时态致。注意回答must或者may开头的疑问句要小心参见情态动词有关内容。3)一般疑问句的否定结构（即否定形式的一般疑问句）表示惊奇、责怪、建议、看法等，只要将“not置于主语之后或者将“not放到主语之前与be,have等助动词或情态动词合并在一起就可以了。如：皿he呾come?/your sister a Party member.?/ you any brothers?/l2s!:_J you like the play?/ we walk a little farther?/ you sit down?/ she heard of the matter? 这种否定结构的疑问句的回答与汉语的习惯不同。如果回答是肯定的，就用“yes肯定结构”；如果回答是否定的就用“no否定结构。（清况与反意问句类似。）如：Canthe answer the question?（他不能回答这个问题吗？）-Yes,hecan.（不，他能回答这个问题。）-No, he cant.（是的他不能回答这个问题。）特殊疑问句：要求具体回答的问句。1)特殊疑问句结构是：疑问代词除who以外的疑问代词短语一般疑问句？疑问副词如：do you want?（你要什么？）are you looking for?（你在找谁？）Whosemagazineisthis?（这是谁的杂志？）are you in?（你在哪班？）did you get up this morning?（你今早什么时候起身的？）have you been?/U叨didhe go to bed so early?/Howdid you go there? 但是“who”引出的询问主语或主语部分相关词的特殊疑问句的结构与陈述句词序相同：如：!J!Eis dancing over there?（谁在那边跳舞？）有时“what,which, whose”也可以引出与陈述句词序相同的特殊疑问句。如：is on the wall?/ is yours?/ is in your bag? 注意从陈述句改为特殊问句时，先将句子改为般问句再将（划线）提问部分更改为疑问词置于句首特别要注意助动词的使用！如果只对主语或主语的修饰词提问那么只需要将疑问部分改为疑问词即可。2)常用疑问代词和疑问副词：疑问代词：who, whom, whose, which, what 疑问副词：when, where, why, how, how构成的短语：howmany（多少个）（独立用；或跟可数名词），howmuch（多少）（独立用；或踉不可数名词），howold（多大年纪），howfar（多远），howoften（多常），howlong（多久多长），howsoon（多久以后），howmany times（多少次）等等。3)特殊疑问句有时也用否定式。如：Whyyou空K丿iminstead只常缩略为Why not立）4)特殊疑问句疑问部分有时可以有两个以上的疑问词。如：Whenand where were you born? 5)疑间词如果是介词的宾语，则该介词可以在句首，也可以在句尾。如：doyouwant a computer f!? =do you want a computer? 反意疑问句：反意疑问句表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问，要求对方用“yes或“no”来进行回答。l)构成：由两部分组成：前部分是陈述句，后部分是疑问句，它是由be,have,助动词或清态动词主语构成。如果陈述句是肯定结构反意疑问句须用否定结构；反之陈述句如果是否定结构反意疑问句须用肯定结构。反意疑问句的两部分必须保持人称和时态的一致；反意疑问句的回答有时会和汉语不同。1陈述句部分1 附加问句部分1注意点1 句。当陈述句部分含有“是“动词、(“有“动词）、清态动词和助动词时，简短问句中沿用该词；否则就使用do/does/did 如：Heis old, ?/ The man went away, didnthe?/ He isntold, 正？Henever went there, ? 2)反意问句的回答：无论哪种形式的反意问句，回答时要遵循：“Yes,肯定式或者”No,否定式如：Theman went away, didnthe只那人走开了，不是吗？）座，hed社（是的他走了。）!f!,he didnt.（丕他没有走。）The man never went there, did he只这人从来不去那里是吗？）坚，hed社（不是呀他去的。）!f!,he didnt.（星坚，他不去。）选择疑问句：提出两种或两种以上情况需要对方作出选择回答的疑问句叫选择疑问1)构成：(1) I一般疑问句or第二选项？1 1 (2) I特殊疑问句第选项（第二选项）or第三选项？12)选择疑问句的结构与特殊疑问句相同，即要具体回答不可以用yes/no回答。如：Is your friend a boy or a gili/？但Whichdo you prefer, coffee or tea? -. V Which do you like best singing, dancing or skating? -Dancing,ofcourse. 5、祈使句：祈使句用来表示请求、命令等。它的主语you往往不说出。A祈使句的肯定式：I动词（原形）其他1如：Pleasegive me a hand / Shut up! A祈使句的否定式：I Dont动词原形其他1如：Pleasetalk in low voices. /Don t look back! 注意以“/et引出的祈使句的否定结构，“not应放在“/et5后面。如：Letsnot trouble him. 肯定祈使句前可以用助动词来强调语气。如：Pleasesf2. l在!P_me!6、感叹句：感叹句用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情。句末常用“r寸含有形容词的名词短语感叹的结构通常是：What+（a/an)（形容词）名词陈述句结构（主谓语）1，用来强调句子中的名词如： a good, kind girl (she i纽bad weather (it i纽A仅对形容词或副词进行感叹的结构通常是：IHow形容词缰肚司陈述句结构（主谓国，用来强洞句子中的形容词、副词或动词。carefully the old man walks!/ How delicious the food is! 有时陈述句、祈使句、疑问句、个词或词组，也带有定的感清色彩，也可以成为感叹句，此时未必使用感叹句型。ersback! I A nice shot!（漂亮一击！）oal!十一、句子筋分1、主语：(1)由名词、代词（人称代词用主格）、动词不定式、动名词等充当，说明动作是“谁”发出的。如：painted a very nice picture.互竺订oughtagainst SARS bravely./ is to believe. / is to help people. (2)动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用it代替而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语之后。如：is very comfortable. / Eatin is bad for your health.(=!. is bad for your health生气toomuch.) (3)口语中常见主语或“主系”省略：(/ti)_ nothing. / f!1. doesn t matter. / f!)_ thank you. (4)反意问句的附加问句，主语必须是代词：Theman looks worried,doesnt伍?I Tigers are dangerous animals, arent控？(5)祈使句一般省略主语。加主语时往往用来指定某个人。Keepthe keyboards clean, children.（省略了主语）乒空gothere and fetch me a glass of water. (6)主i吾一般在句首但在问句中会处于第二位和句尾；倒装句及therebe句型主语在动词之后如：are made in this factory. / Where are位钗？Does也g砌likestaying home? (7)主语与谓语必须保持单、复数的致，而谓语与表语或宾语之间没有这要求。Neither丿1mnor Rose has the exam. / 竺ahardworking and brave people. (8)主语可以由从句充当详见“主语从句。2、谓语：(1)由“不及物动词、”及物动词宾语或”系动词表语等构成说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。如：He in space for the first time. I Who this year? /Thepizza (2)谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息谓语动词往往由下列词i酐衣序排列构成：情态动词时态助动词语态助动词主要动词（不一定全部出现）。（见动词的时态和语态构成表）记住：谓语部分第一个动词往往是变形动词。如：I am sorry/亚so much noise but I have to. I He竺 reading the BOO-page-long novel / Something 腔doneto stop the fowl flu from spreading out. (3)谓语动词切忌用“行为动词1+原形动词、“be+原形动词。记住使用下列正确形式：情态动词原形动词。如：YOUdbetter史？overthe lesson. shal./wil./would原形动词。如：They住been there once. be现在分词或者过去分词。如：Whatyou世this evening?/ Many trees have been cut down since 1970s. )have过去分词。如：Manytrees住匹竺竺？cutdown since 1970s. 般时问句和否定句中：do/does/d记原形动词。如：Henot enjoy himself very much.空anyof you see dinosaur eggs? 行为动词1行为动词认不定式动名词、现在分词过去分词等形式）。如：Hemadeup his mind a vet./ good about yourself I!_ essential to good about life./ They up the other family members.竺雁屯Merry Christmas! (4)不可用形容词、名词、代词、副词、介词短语等独立作谓语，必须在此之前加连系动词。(5)谓语动词单复数形式：单数形式的动词有：is,was,has,doe或人及“动词s;复数形式的动词有：are,were,haVi忒人及动词原形。其他动词不分单、复数。谓语部分第一个动词的单数形式复数形式形式一般现在时be(是）动词；am（单一）；are（单二）；are 现在某些时态和语态的助动is（单三）；词be一般过去时be(是）动词；was （单一）；were（单were 过去某些时态和语态的助动二）；was,（单三）词be般现在时have(有）动词；have（单）；have（单have 现在完成时态的助动词have二）；has（单三）；般现在时行为动词和助动do（单、单二）；does（单do 词do三）实意动词和连系动词的一般原形动词（单、单二）；原形动词现在时动词（否定和疑问句除动词s/es（单三）外）其他各时态语态的谓语动词单复数形式相同记住：主语、谓语单复数必须保持一致。（参见“4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：”）A. ，广气和水对千我necessary to us all全们大家是必不可少的。）(6)般问句和反意问句的回答不使用行为动词，应该使用“是“动词、清态动词、助动词(be, willhave,do以及变形）。如：TheOlympic Games is held every other year, isn t it?-Yes, it岱3、宾语：(1)由名词、代词（人称代词要用宾格）、不定式、动名词、（宾语）从句充当表示动作的承受者是“谁”或者是“何物如：Theangel also came to丿osephand told !Ji!.位gsame thing.（代词和名词充当两个宾语）/He told me that the company could not afford to（不定式作宾语）/They enjoy watching football games so much that they often forget their lessons.（动名词作宾语）/ I think to be a children s doctor is ve.（从句作宾语）(2)只有及物动词或介词才有宾语，不及物动词没有宾语如果涉及到事物则必须在不及物动词后面加合适的介词。to./Canyou担翌exciting? (3)宾语般放在及物动词或介词的后面但是在疑问句中如果宾语是疑问词，则宾语要放在句首。介词的宾语如果是疑问词，则可以放在介词后或句首。如：Whatdid he see? (4)“动词副词宾语“结构中如果宾语是代词，则代词必须放在“动“副之间。如：Please put away. / Please put away-/ Please put away. (5)动词后面踉双宾语时可以采用两种结构：动词间接宾语（人）直接宾语（物）。如：HeoftengivesmesomeheIp. （他常常帮我。）动词直接宾语介词间接宾语。注意，般情况介词用to,但动词是make,buy, borrow时介词用for.如：Pleasemake me a kite.或Pleasemake a kite for 呾(6)在“动词宾语宾补”结构中如果宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句，则常用it做形式宾语而将实际的宾语移到补语后面去。如：Ifound rather difficult. (7)宾语可以由从句充当详见“宾语从句。4、表语：(1)说明主语的身份、性质、状况等含义的成分通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、代词等充当。如：Hebecame after he left high school / The rubber wheels are -I He does not feel -_ today because he has caught a bad cold.压isif? (2)表语只能放在连系动词（如：be,look,become,turn get grow, feel,seen,:)之后对表语进行提问的句子除外。(3)代词做表i吾般用主格，口语中常用宾。如：/t s !-(It s !.已历邑我。(4)只能作表语的形容词有sorry,afraid,alone,asleep,awake,ill, well,sure,interested等等。Hewas terribly竺允rhis carelessness. / Please make no noise here; the baby is 竺Iam only in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at a/们I am not in thinking so. (5)表语也可以由从句充当详见”表语从句05 _、五、正1口(1)修饰名词或代词的成分，常由形容词、名词（含所有格）、代词（物主、指示、疑问、不定）、介词短语、不定式（短语）充当在初三阶段还学习了定语从句做定语的知识。如：Putit in the亚drawer./France and Switzerland are countrii釭杻5mother and father are both teachers. I This is the day_ that I can never fo life. (2)单词做定语时般放在被修饰的名词前面而且有定的次序：I 冠词年龄形状/ 大小温度色彩质地被修饰的来源目的物代材料用途名词（中心词）且1a old,young, rpd Chinese woode meeti na Kv the long,short, yello English, n, tennis, shoes, my round, America W, woole sports, room, his square. n, reading, . big, large, blue, . n, pig sw1 mm1 small, little. . . glass, ng, hot, cold, silk, . warm, cool paper . (3)时间副词(no玑then,today,yesterday,.）、地点副词(here, there,back,in,out,home.尸作定语时放在被修饰的名词后面。如：Icould not find my way竺,so I stayed there all along. (4)介词短语修饰名词时只能放在名词的后面：Themonkey was caught yesterd吵(5)形容词修饰复合不定代词时，往往后置。如：Heremembered everything (6)定语还可以用从句充当详见定语从句。(7)注意：由千定语属千修饰性的成分，因此它常归入主语、宾语、表语之中，不作为句子的主要成分。6、状语：(1)说明动作“何时、“何地、“如何发生，或者说明形容词或副词的程度一般由副词、介词短语、不定式、状语从句等充当。如：/wasnot born/ of these families a college education was something new./ He woke up to find his house on fire. (2)副词作状语位置较为灵活，详见六2“副词在句子中的位置以及作用“；介词短i酐乍状语，位置基本固定详见七4“介词短语在句子中的位置”；不定式作状语，一般表示目的结果详见八7“动词的非谓语形式”；从句作状语详见主从复合句的状语从句。(3)多个状语相连时，般先单词、后短语，先地点后时间，先小概念、后大概念。如：Hewent and then disappeared into the dark.（他昨夜22点3刻从房间里出来然后消失在黑暗之中。）(4)状语还可以用从句来充当有时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等。详见“状语丛包”。(5)注意：由千状语属千修饰性的成分常归入谓语，因此不作为句子的主要成分。7、宾语补足语：(1)补充说明宾语的动作、状态的成分为宾语补足语常由名词、形容词、动词非谓语形式（不定式、现在分词、过去分词等）、介词短i酐车充当。如：Cal/him些!,please. / I tried my best to make him住函Askher _to come to dinner tomorrow. / He let the smaller animals-(2)部分表示位置、方向的副词也可以作宾语补足语。如：Lethim J!., I tell you! (3)不定式或分词作宾语补足语的情况详见八7“动词的非谓语形式”相关内容。十二、简阜句五秒基本句型：句子包含主要句子成分（主语、谓语）和次要句子成分（表语、宾语、宾语补足语），按照动词的阳贡将英语简单句划分为以下五种基本句型：1、基本句型的词序：2、划分符号（没有统规定仅供参考）: 主谓句型：S-V;.主系表句型：S-Vlink-p主渭宾句型：s-v,.-o主谓双宾句型：S-V,-0间宾0直宾主诮宾补句型：s-v,-o-c主语：谓语：宾语：表语：定语：( 状语： 宾补：( LI ) 3、例句：业!:!veryhard now.（但现在正非常努力地工住。）迦空匹空吸（她年轻。）g/ooks/ikerain. （苤看上去要下雨。）Theboya/waysJKieKedthed叨withhis feet.（这男孩老是用脚踢那只狗。）竺hasneverjboughtmea.t.oysince/astyearJ.（从去年起他没给我买过个玩具。）且竺59mC.thh9.（CQ肋 that those then before that day that week ( month,etc.) the next week (month,etc.) the day before the next(jollowing) day there 1、THEREBE句型以及以here、there开头的句子。如：There are a lot of children in the showroom. / Here -/ There g_竺/Thedoor openedandincameMrLee. 2、用“So/Nor/ Neither+助动词主语“倒装结构表示第二个人物的清况与上文的人物清况相同。如：Tomwent to the beach last week, and, so did L / Li Meis bought nothing from the shop. 丿im.3、在疑问句中通常使用在主语之前安放助动词的倒装方法对主语提问除外。如：How!f!. ff! the Jost book? / Where竺匹end the summer vacation? 4、感叹句中通常将被感叹的部分前移而将句子的主谓语整体后置。如：Whata beautiful flower (it i斗5、有引号引用某人的原话时，引号外面的主谓一般采用倒装形式放在句尾但是若主语是代词则不倒装。如：“Whaton earth are you doing up there? said the father. / What on earth are you doing up there? 十七、瞅加注释dia dead、death的用法：die是动词，可以独立做谓语有各种时态变化也可以变成非谓语形式作句子的其他成分；dead是形容词，作句子的定语、表语或宾语补足语；death是名词，作句子的主语、宾i酐导如：Imgoingto世!/ The man has been for about three months. / He is worried to death. 初中英语语法专项习题Love is ever the beginning of knowledge as fire is of light. 知识总是从爰好开始，犹如光总是从火开始一样。Activity is the only road to knowledge. 行动是通往知识的唯一道路。No pain , no palm; no thorns, no throne ; no gall, no glory; no cross, no crown. 没有播种，何来收获；没有辛劳，何来成功；没有磨难，何来荣耀；没有挫折，何来辉煌。初中英语语法专项习题1名词1. () 1 She was very happy. Shein the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake () 2 We need some more. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe () 3arefor cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using () 4 What bigthe tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Pl ease remember to give the horse some tree A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave () 6 -Can we have some ? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear () 7 On the table there are five . A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 () 1 They got muchfrom those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版79 () 2 He gave uson how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice () 3 When we saw his face, we knewwas bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P . news () 4 What_ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 () 1 -Would you liketea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two_. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges () 2 He is hungry. Give himto eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads () 3 It really took him:to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time () 4 I would like to have_. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks () 5 Can you give me _? . A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea () 6 Please give mepaper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版80 () 7 John boughtfor himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 () 1 -How many _ have you got on your farm? -Ive got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken () 2 Somecame to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies () 3 In the picture there are manyand two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps; foxes B. sheeps; fox D. sheep;foxs () 4 A group of_ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C.丿apaneseD.American 5 () 1 This table is made of_. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass () 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -Id like. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken () 3 Children should makefor old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 6 81 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版() 1 Tables are made of A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods () 2 I wonder why _ are so interested in action（武打片）films.A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples () 31 have readof the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 7 () 1 Lets meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of ? A. the Peoples Park B. the PeoplesPark C. the People Park D. Peoples Park () 2Chinese people arehard working people. A. /; a B. We; the C. The; the D. The; a () 3 How many were there in the street when the accident happened? A. policeman B. polices C. police D. peoples 8 () 1 If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller A. set B. one C. piece D. pair () 2 Last week I bought a TV_ A. pair. B. set C. piece D. block () 3 There is a of wood left on the ground. A. cup B. piece , C. box D. pair 9 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版82 () 1 There are sixty-sevenin our school. A. womens teacher B. women teachers C. woman teachers D. women teacher () 2 There are fivein our factory. A. woman driver B, women driver C. woman drivers D. women drivers () 3 Thesewere sent to the villages to help the farmers. A. women doctor B. women doctors C. woman doctors D. woman doctor 10 () 1 They write most of theirin English. A. business letter B. business letters C. businesses D. businesses letters () 2 We came to aat last .and went in. A. watch shop B. watches shop ,C. watching shop D. watchs shop () 3 This shop sells apples, bananas and things like these. Its a A. food shop B. book shop C. fruit shop D. vegetable shop () 4 She broke a_while she was washing up. A. glass of wine B. glass for wine C. glass wine D. wine glass () 5 Ive forgotten both of the A. room numbers . B. rooms number C. rooms numbers D. room number 11 1. September 10th isin China. A. Teachers Day B. TeachersDay C. Teacher Day D. Teachers Day () 2 -Is the broom underdesk? -No, its under A. the teachers; my B. teachers; mine C. teachers; me D. the teachers; mine 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版83 () 3 Excuse me, where is the_ ? . A. mens room B. mens room C. mens rooms D. men rooms 12 () 1 The football under the bed is A. Lily and Lucy B. Lilys and Lucys C. Lilys and Lucy D. Lily and Lucys () 2 This is mydictionary. A. sister Mary B. sisters C. sister, Marys D. sisters Marys () 3 He went toshop to buy a shirt. A. a tailor B. the tailor C. a tailors D. the tailors () 4 Joan is . A. Marys and丿acksister B. Mary and丿ackssister C. Mary and Jack sister D. Marys and Jacks sister 13 () 1 In a few time, those mountains will be covered with trees. A. year B. yearsC. years D. years () 2 Its aboutwalk from my house. A. ten minute B. ten minutesC. ten minutes D. ten minutes () 3 The post office is a bit far from here. Its about A. thirty minutess walk B. thirty minutes walk C. thirty minutes walk D. thirty minutes walk () 4 Halftelephone calls are made in English. A. the world B. world C. the worlds D. worlds 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版84 14 () 1face to the south. A. Windows of the room B. The windows of the room C. The rooms windows D. The windows in room () 2 Please take two_. A. picture of the park B. pictures of the park C. the pictures of a park D. picture of a park () 3 The workers are repairing_ A. the roof of the house B. a roof of the house C. roof of the house D. this roof of house 15 () 1 Miss Smith is a friend of A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. mothers of Mary D. Mary mothers () 2 This is a book of A. Tom B. Toms C. her D. him () 3 The post card is sent by A. a friend of my father B. a friend of my fathers C. my father friend D. my father friends 16 () 1 Sydney is a city of_. A. America B. Germany C. Australia D. Japan () 2 My father likes buying us_. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版85 A. cars B. flowers C. peasants D. presents ( ) 3 In England, the last name is the_. A. full name B. family name C. middle name D. given name ( ) 4 Mr Gao is a teacher. He works in a new_. A. shop B. school C. factory D. hospital 17 () 1 My father is a. He works in a hospital. A. teacher B. doctor C. farmer D. soldier () 2 -Which animal lives only in China? -The A. tiger B. monkey C. panda D. elephant () 3 April come beforeand after A. March; May B. May; March C.丿une;May D. March; February () 4 Which of the following is right? A. China has a large population. B. China has much population. C. China has many populations. D. China has a great deal of population. ( ) 5 Please do like this. Fold the paperand cut along the fold. A. into pieces B. in half C. on halves D. to half ( ) 6 You played the violin wonderfully. Will you please play another ? A. one B. game C. programme D. piece 参考答案：【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版86 1. 1-7 CC BBB BC 2. 1-4 CBC A 3. 1-7 BCD ADD A 4.1-4BAAC 5. 1-3 DA A 6. 1-3 A AD 7. 1-3 ADC 8. 1-3 DB B 9. 1-3 B DB 10.1-SBACDA 11.1-3 B DA 12. 1-4 DCC B 13. 1-4 BBC C 14. 1-3 B BA 15. 1-3 ABB 16. 1-4 CD BB 17. 1-6 BC BAB D 初中英语语法专项习题2冠词1 () 1 Han Meimei isChinese girl. Lucy is_ English girl. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版87 () 2 A little boy wrote“U and“n on the wall. A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a () 3old lady in brown isuniversity professor. A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a () 4 There are sixty minutes inhour. A. an B. the C. a D. / () 5 This isinteresting book and it is alsouseful one. A. an; an B. an; the C. ah; a D. a; a () 6 A computer is useful tool ino world today. A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a 2 () 1 We have never seeninteresting film. A. such B. such an C. so D. such a () 2 Mrs Smith isfriend of_ A. the; mine B. a; me C. the; my D. a; mine () 3 He isboy. A. a seven-years-old B. an eight-year-old C. the seven-year-old D. an eight-year-older () 4 Fsaw_ accident in the street yesterday. A. the B. a C. an D. / () 5 Now he isartist. 1 have known him since he wasone-year-old boy. A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版88 3 () 1. Which biggerelephant orhorse? A. a; the B. an; a C. the; an D. an; the () 2monkey can climbtrees. A. /; the B. A; / C. The; a D. /; / () 3 rains are faster than A. /; I B. The; / C. /; the D. The; a () 4 -Have you learned German? buses. -Yes. Itslanguage Ive ever learned. A. a quite difficult B: quite a difficult C. difficult quite D. difficult a quite () 5 Some animals, likecat,dog orwolf, do not need to hibernate（冬眠）A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the, D. the; /; / 4 ( ) 1 Yesterday we heldtalk with them in the hall. A. the B. this C. a D. an ( ) 2 My mother hadfever, so I had to look after her. A a B. the C, / D. this ( ) 3 Looking at, he tookdeep breath. A. I B. a C. that D. its ( ) 4 I usually go out forwalk aftertea; 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版89 A: a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; a () 5 After that they hadsleep. A. a night good B. a nights good C. a good night D. a good nights 5 () 1 It issince we_last time. A. long time; met B. a long time; meet C. a long time; met D. the long time; meet () 2 There camegreat noise. It frightened us. A. the B. a C. / D. that () 3 It ispleasure to work with these workers. A. an B. / C. a D. this () 4 Afterquick breakfast I hurried toschool. A. /; / -rB. a; / C. the; the - D. the; / 6 () 1 This isegg.egg is big. A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The () 2 There isWinword map. A. a; an B. an; a C. an; the D. a; the () 3 Here is basket.basket is mine. A. a; The B. the; An. C. a; A D. the; A () 4 There isbridge over there.bridge is made of wood. A. the; The B. a; A C. the; A D. a; The () 5 He orderedbook some time ago and nowbook has arrived. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版90 A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the 7 () 1 She sawEnglish film last Sunday. But she can not remember name of film. A. an; a; a B. a; the; a C. an; the; a D. an; the; the () 2 There isold man undertree. A. an; the B. the; a C. a; the D. an; / () 3 -What wasyesterday? -November 24. A.date B. the date C. day D. the day () 4 We shall visit your country incoming year. A. a B. the C. one D. that () 5 Mother does most of_ at home. A. cleaning B. a clean C. the cleaning D. clean 8 () 1 -Whose room is that? -Its . A. the twinsB. of Lucy and Lily C. of the twins D. the twins () 2 Im busy A. at the moment B. at that moment C. in a moment D. just a moment 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版91 () 3book is very useful. I bought it fromunknown little town. A. A; a B. The; a C. A; an D. The; an () 4 English isinteresting subject for most of students. A. the; an B. the; the C. an;/ D. an; the () 5girl inGrade Three istallest in our school. A. The; the; the B. A; a; a C. The; /; the D. A; /; a 9 () 1 Mr White lives onfloor. A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth () 2 A boy named Ding Wei kicked a goal earlyof the match. A. in the one half B. in the first half C. for the first half D. for half one () 3 He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to havethird try. A. the B. a C. another D. other () 4 China is one of_ oldest countries inworld. A. the; the B. the; / C. a; a D. an; the () 5 Mary is_ only girl A. a B. the fc. an D. / 10 who has been to American. () I We can seesun andmoon inpicture. A.a; the; the B. the; a; the C. a; the; a D. the; the; the () 2 o moon moves aroundearth, and they both are smaller than _sun. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版92 A. The; an; a B. A; the; the C. /; /; / D. The; the; the () 3 Paris iscapital of France. A. a B. / C. one D. the 11 () l _ Browns arrived there yesterday evening. A. / B. A C. The D. An () 2 Why not ask your father to drawmap for you if you want to get to Alices house easily? A. a; an B. /; an C. the; a D. a; / () 3Browns are sitting at_ breakfast table. A. /; a B. The; / C. The; the D./the () 4Turners could not pay forcolour TV set. A. The; a B. /; the C. /; a D. The; / () 5 They went to. Smithsand stayed there for halfhour. A. /; an B. the; a C. a; the D. the; an 12 () 1 Cotton is grown in_ China. A. north B. the north of C. the north D. a north () 2 Itspleasure to seesun rising ineast. A. /; the; / B. a; /; / C. a; the; the D. /; the; the () 3 Most of us are from A. the south B. south C. the southern D. southern 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版93 () 4United States lies in North America. A. An B. A C. The D. / 13 () I He likes playingpiano, he doesnt like playingfootball. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; / () 2 Tom enjoys playingfootball while I enjoy playingpiano very much. A. the; the B. a; a C. /; the D. the; / () 3 Yesterday his mother boughtpiano andbasketball in that big shop. A. the; a B. a; a C. /; / D. some; two 14 () 1night, a stranger knocked at the door. A. One B. The C. An D. A () 2 We often play football inof the school building. A. a front B. fronts C. front D. the front () 3 Theres going to beEnglish test next week. A. an; a . B. an;/ C. the; a D. an; the () 4 There is a map onleft of the picture. A. the B. / C. a D. an () 5 He takes a bath inevening. A. the B. / C. a D.an 15 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版94 () 1 We should look afterold. A. these B. those C. the D. an () 2 The young nurse is kind toill in the hospital. A. a B. an 0. / D. the () 3 _ poor in those days had a hard time. A. A B. This C. The D. Those () 4 Not al|beautiful is good. A. the B. a C. / D. this 16 () 1 They sailed alongYellow River for two weeks before they arrivedhome. A. /; I B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the () 2 The students of our school climbedWest Mountains. A. the B. this C. that D. / 3 The ship is sailing onPacific Ocean A.a B. the C. / D.that 17 () 1 -Excuse me, may I havewater, please? -Sorry, there isntwater mbottle. A. any; any; the B. some; some; a C. some; any; the D. some; any; a () 2 It is known to all thatlight travels faster thansound. A. /; I B. a; a C. the; the D. the; / () 3water (Water) is necessary inpeoples everyday life. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版95 A. /; / B. The; / C. The; the D. /; the () 4 I came here in_ autumn of 1982. A. one B. a C. an D. the 18 () l _ is the most difficult in this book. A. Lesson second B. The second lesson C. Second lesson D. Second lessons () 2 Tuesday isthird day of the week. A. the B. / C. a D. an () 3 He is a student of . A. class First B. the class one C. Class One D. First Class () 4 We were so late getting to the theatre that we missed most of A. the act first B. Act One C. act first D. first act () 5 Flight Nineteen from New York to Washington is now arriving at A. Gate Two B. the gate two C. the two gate D. second gate () 6 He I ived in A. the room 105 B. the 105 room C. the 105 of the room D. Room 105 19 () 1 Readingbooks can add to knowledge. A. a B. this C. / D. that ( ) 2 All ofbooks here are Chinese. A. the B. / C. those D. that () 3 He like_sports, such as football, basketball and so on. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版96 A. / B. a C. the D. an 20 () 1 -Where does Mike sit? -He sits A. on any the right B. at the front of me C. on my left D. at the back of me () 2 Me hasfew English books. He lent me,few of them last week. A. the;.a B. the; a C. a; the D. this; that () 3Mr Smith is a teacher. A. The B. A C. This D. / ( ) 4 Monday is myday. A. the busiest B. busy C. busier D. busiest 21 ( ) I Before_ supper, I always playfootball. A. a; the B. the; / C. /; / D. /; the ( ) 2 Lets go and take a walk afterlunch. A. a B. the C. / D. this ( ) 3 We had a party aftermeal that day. A. a B. the C. one D. ( ) 4 When we called, the family were atdinner. A. I B. the C. a D. an 22 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版97 () 1 Mary becamemonitor of our class. A. a B. an C. / D. the () 2 My father ischairman of the club. A. the B. / C. an D. this () 3 He was made_team leader. A. our B. that C. a D. the () 4 Mr Wang is coming to our school _ tomorrow. A. I B. The C. An D. This () 5mother (Mother) is loved by us. A. The 8./ C. One D. That 23 () 1learning (Learning) English is very interesting to me. A. I B. The C. A D. An () 2 We all know thatwalking on the moon is very difficult, f A. one B. the. C. / D. a () 3running (Running) every morning is good for us. A. A B. / C. This D. That 24 () 1 Shall we go to see our teacher? She is ill_. A. in a hospital B. in the hospital C. in hospital D. in hospitals () 2 Have you ever traveled ontrain? 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版98 A. the B. a C. an D. / () 3 He is going to London by _ sea. A. the B. a C. one D. / () 4 Marco Polo and his father traveled by_ . A. a ship B. ships C. ship D. the ship 25 () 1 There is a book shop A. on my way school B. on my way to school C. on my way to the school D. in my way to school () 2 I go to school on foot because my home is near A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; the school. () 3 Mary hashigh fever and she has to be inhospital. A. a; / B. a; a C. /; / D. the; the () 4 Dont. Its bad_your eyes. A. read in bed; to B. reading in bed; for C. read in the bed; for D. read in bed; for () 5 He stole the money and they put him A. in prison B. to prison C. at the prison D. in the prison 26 () 1. People often go to swim insummer. A. / B. a C. an D. the () 2 The teacher is standingthe class and giving his lessons. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版99 A. in the front of B. at the front of C. in front of D. at the front ( ) 3 Mary is fond of watchingTV while Henry is interested in listening to radi radio. A. the; / B. /; the, C. the; the D. /; / ( ) 4 The children all had a good time onChildrens Day. A. the, B. their C. a D. / ( ) 5 She went to _ town on_foot. A. the; a B. /; / C. /; the D. the; the () 6home, I met a friend of mine. A. On my way B. On my way to the C. On ones way D. On my way to 27 ( ) 1 His brother worked outuntil it was twelve. A. problem after problem B. problem by problems C. a problem after a problem D. a problem by a problem ( ) 2 The farmers went on working,_. A. hours after hours B. a hour after a hour C. an hour after an hour D. hour after hour ( ) 3 The students went out of the room A. one by two B. one by one C. two by another D. one by the other 参考答案：1. 1-6 C A D A C B 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版100 2. 1-5 B DB CD 3. 1-5 BB ABB 4. 1-5 CAB AD 5. 1-4 CBC B 6. 1-5 DC ADD 7. 1-5 DAB BC 8. 1-5 A ADD C 9. 1-5 CB BAB 10. 1-3 DD D 11. 1-5 CD BAD 12. 1-4 BC AC 13. 1-3 BC B 14. 1-5 AC BA A 15. 1-4 CDC A 16. 1-3 BAB 17. 1-4 CA AD 18. 1-6 B A C B A D 19.1-3CAA 20. 1-3 CC DD 21. 1-4 CC BA 22. 1-5 C BA AB 23. 1-3 AC B 101 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版24. 1-4 CAD C 25. 1-4 B DAD 26. 1-6 A AB DB A 27. 1-3 AD B 初中英语语法专顶习题3形容词1 ()1. This box isthat one. A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as ()2 When we speak to people, we should be A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly ()3 This book isthat one, butthan that one. A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive ()4 I think the story is not soas that one. A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting ()5 His father began to workhe was seven years old. A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版102 2 ()1. I think science is_ than丿apanese.A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important () 2 This pencil is_ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long () 3 My mother is noyoung. A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few () 4 These children arethis year than they were last year. A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller () 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it istoday. A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot ()6. Mrs Black has gotinstead of getting any better. A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse 3 () 1 When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded withstudents. A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite ( )2 The house is small for a family of six. A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so ()3 Through the window we can see nothing butbuildings. A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版103 ()4 -Whats your brother like? -He is A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school ()5 The jacket was sothat he decided to buy it. A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl ()6 Our classroom islarger than theirs. A. more B. quite C. very D. much 4 () 1 The earth is aboutas the moon. A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big () 2 y our room 1s m1 ne. A. twice as large than B. twice the size of C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as () 3 Your room isthan mine. A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times () 4 His father isthan his mother. A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years 5 () 1 Maths is more popular than A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版104 () 2 China is larger thanin Africa. A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country () 3 Tom is stronger thanin his class. A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy 6 () 1 When spring comes, it gets_. A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter ()2 By and by,students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least ()3 At last he began to cry _ . A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder ()4 When spring comes the days getand nights _. A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer 7 1I look at the picture,I like it. A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more 2he read the book,he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版105 C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 3you come back,it will be. A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better 8 ()1 I likeone of the two books. A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older ()2 Which iscountry, China or丿apan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest () 3 Of the two cups, he bought. A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller 9 () 1 Which do you like _ , tea or coffee? A. well B. better C. best D. most () 2 This work is_ for me than for you. A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult () 3 Which do you think tastes, the chicken or the fish? A. good B. better C. best D. well () 4 The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once A. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版106 () 5 Dont you think it not to write the letter? A. well B. better C. best D. good 10 () 1 Who jumpedof all? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far () 2 Li Lei isstudent in our class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest () 3 The fifth orange isof all. Give it to that small child. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest ()4 Who is-of you three? A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older 11 () 1 Tom is one ofboys in our class. A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall () 2 English is one ofspoken in the world. A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language () 3 Beijing is one ofin China. A. the largest city B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities 12 ()1. Most of the woods -been taken good care of. A. are B. is C. has D. have 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版107 ()2like playing football and watching TV. A. Most boys B. Most of they C. Most boy D. More of they ()3are here watering the flowers here. A. Some B. Some of the boys C. Some boy D. Some of boys ()4havent been to American. A. Most them B. Most they C. More of them D. Most of them 13 is more beautiful than roses. ()l_i A. No other flower B. No another flower C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers ()2 The tree isin the garden. A. the taller B. the tallest C. taller than of-all D. tall. ( )3 Mary studies harder in her class. A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone 14 ()1 Which is_,Li Lei or Wu Tong? A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest ( )2 Which language isEnglish, French or Japanese? A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest o D. much more easy ()3 Which isinteresting, science, maths or English? A. more B. the most C. very D. too 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版108 ()4 Which city is-, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful ()5 Which month is-1 June, July or August? A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest 15 ()1 Do you haveto tell us? A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything ()2 Mike, I have_to tell you. A. important something B. important anything C. something important, D. anything important ()3 There isin todays newspaper. A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting ()4 -Is Mrs Brown badly ill? -No,. Only a little cold. A. quite well B. nothing serious C. not worry D. anything serious ()5 Come here, I haveto tell you. A. interesting something B. anything interesting C. nothing interesting D. something interesting 16 () 1. Im notto lift the heavy box. A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版109 () 2 The girl works hardto pass the exam. A. enough B. too C. still D. yet () 3 He hasto think it over. A. many time B. times C. time enough D, enough time 17 () 1 Do you want_? the shop assistant asked. A. else anything B. anything else C. other anything D. else something ( ) 2 Have you seenin the room? A. anyone else B. else anyone C. anyone other D. everyone else () 3would like to go to the park with me? A. Whom else B. What else C. Who else D. Else who 18 ( ) 1 Wei Fang is only six, but she speaks Englishher mother. A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as ( ) 2 She was sick yesterday, but she isto go to school today. A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough () 3 This kind of book is_ for the children to read. A. enough well B. enough good C. well enough D. good enough ( ) 4 -Are you feeling ? -Yes, Im fine now. A. quite good B. quite better C. any well D. any better ( ) 5 This shirt is no good. That one is even 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版l lO A. better B. worse C. well D. worst 19 () 1 We have never seeninteresting films. A. such B. such an C. so D. such a () 2 Dont read booksyou cant understand. A. as; such B. such; as C. same; as D. as; as () 3 This isbookId like to read once more. A. such an interesting; that B. so interesting; that C. such an interesting; as D. a so interesting; as () 4 We havent seenplay. A. so wonderful B. a so wonderful C. such wonderful D. such a wonderful 20 () 1 I am twelve; Mike is fourteen; Mary is thirteen. So Mike is the _ of the three. A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest () 2 My brother is three years than I. A. elder; elder B. older; oldest C. elder; older D. older; elder () 3 Hisson often go to see him on Sunday. A. eldest B. older C. the eldest D. the older () 4 He is two yearsthan I. A. elder B. smaller C. younger D. less 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版l 1 l 21 () 1 I think the book is very A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interests () 2 They were very _to see each other again. A. pleased B. surprising C. happily D. angrily ( ) 3 She is verythe news. A. surprise in B. surprise with C. surprised at D. surprised for ( ) 4 The boys are _ computers. A. interesting in B. interested C. interesting about D. interested about ( ) 5 -How does Kate like her new work? -Shewith the hours. A. cant satisfy B. isnt satisfied C. doesnt satisfy D- hasnt satisfied () 6 The man was notwhen he heard thewords. A. frightening; frightening B. frightened; frightened C. frightening; frightened D. frightened; frightening 22 ( ) 1 Helen isnt afriend of mine. I feelsorry for her. A. true; true B. truly; true C. true; truly D. truly truly ( ) 2 Im sorry. Im late. My watch is a few minutes A. slower B. slowly C. more slowly D. slow ( ) 3 The song sounds A. sweet B. nicely C. well D. moved ( ) 4 The ship sankunder the sea. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版112 A. deeply B. depth C. deep D. more deep 23 () 1helped a lot in our country. A. The blind is B. The blind areC. The blinds is D. Blind are () 2should study hard for their work. A. Young B. The young man C. The young D. The young girl () 3a happy life in China. A. The old man live B. The old live C. The old is living D. Old live 24 () 1 I dont feel very A. terribly B. well C. good D. badly () 2 Lookingat his mother, the little boy looked A. happy; good B. happy; well C. sadly; sad D. sad; sadly ( ) 3 Mother doesnt feel _ today. A. good B. well C. nice D. health ( ) 4 In summer eggs will goeasily. A. terribly B. terrible C. badly D. bad ( ) 5 Jim does morning exercises every day, so he looks very_. A. tired B. good C. well D. happy 25 () 1 Theboy was taken to the nearest hospital. A. ill B. sick C. good D. clever 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版l l 3 () 2 We areof the work. A. ill B. sick C. full D. filled 3 He has not been at school, because he is_. A. ill B. well C. fine D. nice 26 () 1 At last it made them_. A. happily B. quickly C. friendly D. slowly () 2 We had ameal yesterday evening. A. lively B. likely C. lovely D. love () 3 It is raining hard. He isto be late. A. lovely B. likelyC. lively D. friendly 27 () 1. I This book is very good. Itbuying. A. worths B. is worth C. worth D. is worthing () 2 The film is very interesting. It is wortha second time. A. seeing B. see C. to see D. seen () 3 Hike_, but 1 dislike A. skating; swim B. skate; swimming C. to skate; skate D. skating; swimming 28 () 1 I have worked on the problem, so I am feeling tired and A. asleep B. sleepy C. sleeping D. sleep () 2 He lay on the floor and fel I 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版114 A. sleepy B. sleeping C. awake D. asleep ( ) 3 Who is in the next room? A. asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. sleepy 29 () 1 We have_time to do it better. A. not B. no C. no a D. not a ( ) 2 We havewater to wash clothes. A. not any B. no a C. not a D. no any () 3 I only want to say that I amfool. A. not any B. no a C. not a D. no any 30 () 1 Marys mother bought acoat for her yesterday. A. new big blue silk B. new blue silk big C. new silk blue big D. blue silk new big ( ) 2 My hometown has_bridge. A. a stone old fine B. an old stone fine C. a fine old stone D. an old fine stone 31 ( ) 1 Thats really silly A. of you to say so B. for you to say so C. of you saying so D. for you saying so ( ) 2 Its importantexercise every morning. A. of you to take B. for you to take C. of you taking D. for you taking 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版1 15 参考答案：1. 1-5 DA CAB 2. 1-6 C C B D A B 3. 1-6 A A D B D D 4. 1-4 BBC C 5. 1-3 AD A 6. 1-4 DA CC 7. 1-3 BC B 8. 1-3 AB A 9. 1-5 B DB AB 10. 1-6 CDC DD A 11. 1-3 CB D 12. 1-4 CAB D 13. 1-3 ABB 14. 1-5 CC B D D 15. 1-5 CC B B D 16. 1-3 DA D1 18. 1-5 CD DD B 17. 1-3BAC 19. 1-4 ABAD 20. 1-4 CC AC 21. 1-6 A AC B B D l l6 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版22. 1-4 CD AC 23. 1-3 BC B 24. 1-5 BC BBC 25. 1-3 BA A 26. 1-3 CC B 27. 1-3 BAD 28. 1-3 B DC 29. 1-3 B DC 30. 1-2 AC 31. 1-2 AB 初中英语语法专项习题4副词1 ( ) 1 He speaks English_his aunt. A. as good as B. as well as C. as better as D. as best as ( ) 2. Which do you like_, skating, swimming or fishing? A. more B. most C. better D. best ( ) 3 Who sings,Rose or Kate? A. well B. good C. better D. best ( ) 4 She writes_than I. A. more careful B. much careful C. much more carefully D. much carefully 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版117 () 5 The night was very, so he had to take off his shoes _. A. quiet; quietly B. quite; quickly C. late; quick D. quite; quietly () 6 Howthe girls are playing! A. happy B. happier C. happy ly D. happily 2 () 1he drops inhis friends after supper. A. Some times; for B. Sometimes; on C. Often; for D. Seldom; on () 2 In Britain teawith milk or sugar in it. A. usually drinks B. is usually drunk C. usually is drunk D. drank usually () 3 Heto school to clean his classroom. A. always comes early B. comes always early C. always early comes D. come always earlier 3 () 1 Betterthan never. A. late B. the later C. later D. the late () 2 We have been to the China Folk Culture Villages _. A. lately B. late C. latest D. last () 3 I got uptoday. A. later B. more lately C. lately D. late 4 () 1 Today Tom goes to school earlier than 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版1 1 8 A. as usual B. usual C. usually D. ago () 2 Today we do our homework at home_. A. than usual B. often C. usually D. as usual () 3 Alicegoes to school at seven. A. usual B. usually C. hard D. a little 5 ( ) 1 It wasbad weather that we all had to stay inside. A. very B. so C. rather D. such () 2 He iskind an old man that all the children like him. A. very B. so C. rather D. such ( ) 3 He, our headmaster waspleased with our work. A. fairly B. even C. much D. great ( ) 4 There was a heavy snow last night. This morning isoutside. A. too rather cold B. rather too cold C. such cold D. fairly cold 6 ( ) 1 We wont go to the cinema next Saturday. They wont A. too B. also C. neither D. either ( ) 2 She likes reading and_. A. so I do B. I do so C. I like so D. so do I ( ) 3 -I wont go to the Great Wall tomorrow. -I wont ,_ . A. neither B. either C. too D. also 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版l l 9 () 4 He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it, A. too B. either C. neither D. also () 5 He didnt know her address,did I. A. too B. also C. either D. neither 7 () 1 I have never seenbig pears. A. such B. very C. so D. rather () 2 He istired that he cant go any farther. A. so B. such -C. very D. too () 3 That maths problem isdifficultnobody can work it out. A. too; to B. very; that C. so; that D. very; but () 4 He is, teacher that all of us like him. A. such good a B. a so good C. so good a D. a such good () 5丿ackdoesnt work_ Tom. A. as so good B. so good as C. so hard as D. so harder as 8 () 1 I did my homework hours _ A. before B. later C. ago D. late () 2 I saw the film two days A. ago B. before C. after D. late ()3 I seem to have met you A. before B. ago C. yet D. some time 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版1 20 9 ()1 He got backat four. A. to home B. at home C. his home D. home () 2 Comequickly. I have something interesting to tell you. A. to here B. up to here C. here D. into here ( ) 3 These two young men stoodwatching the train moving away. A. by there B. from there C. there D. to there 10 () 1 Mother said, Tom, youre seventeen, _a child. A. no again B. not longer C. not more D. no longer () 2 Dont do that_. the teacher said to Tom. A. no more B. no longer C. any more D. some more () 3 I dont want to talk with you_. A. yesterday B. no longer C. any longer D. some longer () 4 They have moved away from Beijing. They dont live there A. any longer B. once more C. either D. again 11 ( ) 1 My aunt will come back from Beijing _ A. before long B. long before C. after long D. long after ( ) 2 She read the book. And Ill read it A. long before; long before B. before long; before long C. before long; long before D. long before; before long 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版121 12 () 1 When you do eye-exercise, you must keep your eyes_. A. close B. closes C. closing D. closed () 2 Its a windy day. Youd betterthe windows. A. close B. closed C. closing D. to close () 3 Bruce oftenhis left hand A. keep; close B. keeps; closed C. keep; closed D. keeps; close () 4 It is very hot. Please keep the door A. open B. opening C. opens D. opened 13 () 1 The boat is leftby the bank of the river. A. along B. alone C. long D. lonely () 2 He has a restat home, watching TV. A. alone B. one C. along D. lonely () 3 They went out for a walkthe lake. A. alone B. along C. lonely D. at () 4 Th e wall is two metres . A. highly B. widely C. long D. along () 5 There is aisland. On it there are many wild beautiful flowers. A. lonely B. along C. / D. alone 14 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版122 () 1 The city isthan the town away from the river. A. far B. farther C. so far D. much far () 2 Do you needexplanation to the question? A. more far B. any further C. farther D. any far () 3 I am so tired that I cant walk A. much far B. any farther C. even far D. very further 参考答案：1. 1-6 B D C C A D 2. 1-3 BB A 3. 1-3 A AD 4. 1-3 B DB 5. 1-4 DB AB 6. 1-5 DD BAD 7. 1-5 A AC CC 8.1-3CAA 9. 1-3 DCC 10. 1-4 DCC A 11. 1-2 AD 12. 1-4 DAB A 13. 1-5 BAB CA 14. 1-3 BBB 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版123 初中英语语法专顶习题5代词1 () 1 Though it rained heavily,were still playing on the playground. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves () 2 Tom andwill go to see our teacher, foris ii I. A. I; she. B. me; she C. I; her D. me; her () 3 Isa boy or girl? A. she B. he C. one D. it () 4 On权knowit. A. I and he B. he and you C. he and ID. I and you 2 () 1 I saw_ playing in the street at that time. A. them B. they C. their D. theirs 2 Jim will give_ a short talk tomorrow. A. we B. us C. our D. ours () 3 Please asknot to skate on the thin ice. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs () 4 The pen is hers. Pass it to, please. A. her B. she C. hers D. herself () 5 Let me go and give the coat to 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版124 A. he B. his C. himself D. him () 6 They asked_ to do the work. A. you, he and I B. you, him and me C. I, you and he D. me, you and him 3 () 1 Whos that at the door?is the postman. A. She B. This C. It D. He () 2 -Whos that in the picture? A. Its me B. Thats IC. This is a boy D. Its I () 3 -Look, who is coming? _must be our English teacher. A. She B. He C. It D. This () 4 Someone is knocking at the door, but who canbe? A. one B. he C. she D. it 4 () 1was late summer and the weather was very hot. A. That B. It C. This D. Its () 2 What time isnow? A it B. all C. this D: that () 3a heavy rain last night. A. There had B. We had C. It was D. There is () 4is 200 kilometres from here to the natural park. We have to go there by car. A. There B. It C. This D. The place 125 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版5 () 1 The bird built_ nest in the tree. A. its B. hers C. hers D. its () 2 Have you seenpen, a black one? A. these B. my C. you D. hers 3 Sorry I have forgottelephone number. A. yours B. him C. you D. his 6 () I The bear was shot inhead. ? A. the B. its C. a D. this ( ) 2 The old man took the girl byhand and they went down the street. A. her B. a C. the D. that () 3 He apologized to me for hitting meface. A. on the B. at the C. in the D. in my 7 ( ) T Our room is big, butis bigger than A. their; our B. their; ours C. theirs; ours D. theirs; our () 2 They arent our books. Are they ? A. your B. his C. her D. their ( ) 3 Our room is bigger than A. you B. your C. yours D. her () 4 You have a good room, I should say. But its not as big as A. I B. my C. me D. mine 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版126 8 () 1is the best season of the year? A. When B. What C. Which D. What time () 2 0 -is your sister? -She is a nurse. A. What B. Which C. How D. Who () 3 -colour are your new shoes? -They are brown. A. Any B. Whose C. Which D. What () 4 -is your classmate丿ohnlike? -Hes very tall. A. How B. What C. Who D. Which 9 () 1has happened anddid it? A. Who; who B. What; who C. What; what D. Who; what () 2 Who waiting outside? Please ask them to come in. A. in B. has C. have D. are 10 () 1 -is that man over there? -Hes Mr Green. A. What B. Which C. How D. Who () 2 -is the boy standing there? 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版127 -He is my brother. A. Which B. What C. How D. Who ( ) 3 Whothe little American boy over there? A. were B. are C. is D.1 am ()4 Whothese ta II men? A. is B. am C. are D. was 11 () 1one do you like, the blue one or the red one? A. What B. Which C. That D. This () 2 -is bigger? -The yellow one. A. who B. whom C. which D. It () 3of you would like to go with us? A. Who B. Which C. All D. Both 12 ( ) 1 -bag is this? -Its丿acks,A. What B. Which C. Whose D. Whos () 2 _pencils are these? -They are theirs. A. Which B. Whose C. / D. These () 3house is being repaired? A. hat B. Where C. Who D. Whose 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版128 13 () 1 Please find outhe is looking after at home. A. who B. which C. whom D. when () 2do you think you should help? A. Whose B. Which C. What D. Whom ( ) 3 He told mehe was sent for. A. whom B. that C. both D. where 14 () 1 Weat the party last Sunday. A. enjoyed myself B. enjoyed ourselves C. enjoy myself D. enjoyed ourself () 2 Makeat home. he said to his friends. A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. yours ( ) 3 Let Tony do it by. He is no longer a kid A. him B. his C. himself D. he ( ) 4 You are twelve now.must look after A. You; yourself B. Your; yourself C. You; your D. Youre; yourself 5 She and her mother enjoyedat the party. A. her B. them C. herself D. themselves 15 () 1 He and she are exactly as tall as A. themselves B. them C. their D. each other 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版129 () 2 People usually put small presents instocking on Christmas Eve. A. each other B. each others C. each others D. each others () 3 The students often help_ . A. one the other B. each the other C. one another D. two another 16 ()1.This blue suit looks better than the green A. / B. one C. suits D. ones () 2 -How many apples did your mother give you, Lucy or Lily? A. Each one 8. One each C. One everyone D. One more () 3 -Have you a computer? -Yes, I have a good A. some B. one C. it D. that () 4 He has one blue pen and two red_ A. ones 8. those C. one D. ones () 5 Is this story as interesting as_ A. the one B. some ones C. that one D. one 17 () 1 -Ill show you how to throw a frisby. Throwlike A. it; this B. this; it C. it; it D. this; this () 2 -What colour is this? A. its a red B. This is red C. Its red D. Its a red colour () 3 There is a pen on the table. Passto me, please. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版1 30 A. this B. that C. it. D. which 18 () 1.There are shops onside of the street._ of them do not close till 12 at night. A. both; All B. every; None C. either; Some D. other; Many () 2 The boy runs faster than_ in his class., A. any of the boy B. any boys C. any other boy D. all the boys () 3 Tom is stronger than _ in his class. A. any students B. other student C. any other student D. any other students () 4 There is notmeat in my bowl. There ischicken in it. A. some; any B. any; some C. any; any D. some; some () 5 -I have forgotten my bread. -Never mind, you can have A. some of us B. some of our C. some of ours D. many of ours () 6 -Is theretea inthat green cup? -Yes, there is. A. the; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some 19 () 1 Could you dofor me, please? A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything () 2 The bottle is empty. There isin it. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版131 () 3 -Turn off the TV, Betty.is watching it. -Oh, no. Mum. Im watching it now. A. somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody () 4 -Did you findin the room? -No, we found_ there. A. anybody; nobody B. somebody; everybody C. anybody; somebody D. everybody; anybody () 5 I have a lot of work to do. 1 havetime to play. A. not B. any C. no D. some () 6 As we know, he isfool. A. not B. no a C. not an D. no 20 () 1 I asked him for some oil, but he hadnt A. some B. any C. anything D. no () 2of the four roads will take you to the hospital. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. Any () 3 Would you lend meof your money? A. some B. lot C. a few D. any () 4 Would you likemore coffee? A. little B. any C. some D. another 5 -Have you any books on radio? -Id like to borrow 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版132 A. those B. some C. them D. it 21 ( ) 1 Listen to me. I haveto tell you. A. anything new B. something new C. new something D. nothing new () 2 By the way, is there in todays newspaper? A. something new o B. anything new C. new something D. new anything () 3 Please be quiet. I haveto tell you. A. important something B. nothing important C. important anything D. something important ( ) 4 Im not busy. I haventto do. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything () 5has happened, I want you to tell me about it. A. Something B. Everything C. Anything D. Nothing 22 ( ) 1 Yesterday morningboy broke into the garden. A. any B. some C. many D. much () 2twenty boys were playing football at that time yesterday. A. Each B. Some C. No one D. Neither ( ) 3 Now I have _ questions. Lets go to ask our teacher. A. any B. much C. some D. a lot 23 ( ) 1 If you like these apples, you can take 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版133 A. any B. a lot C. that. D. this () 2 I will do_for my motherland. A. anything B. many C. much D. something () 3 -Did they findin the park? -No, they foundthere. A. anybody; nobody B. somebody; everybody C. anybody; somebody D. everybody; anybody 24 () 1 I dont knowof these people, for they are new workers. A. any B. some C. one D. much () 2 He didnt take _ one. They are all here. A. many B. any C. a little D. that () 3 1 havent readof the books. A few of the books are too difficult for me to read. A. any B. some C. two D. both 25 () 1 Can I havebottle of orange, please? A. another B. other C. others D. the others ( ) 2 There are forty-four students in Class One. Nineteen of them are boys,are girls. A. the other B. the others C. others D. some others () 3 Mr Smith has two sons.is a soldier,is a doctor. A. One; another B. One; other 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版134 C. This; the other D. One; the other () 4 There are many people in the park now. Some are boating.are walking along the lake. A. the other B. other C. the others D. others () 5 The glass is broken. Go and get_ A. other B. another one C.others D. the other () 6 I borrowed two books.is in English, andis in Chinese. A. It; another B. One; another C. The one; another D. One; the other 26 () 1of them has an English dictionary. A. Every B. All C. Both D. Each () 2 There are lots of English books here, andof them is easy to understand. A. both B. all .C. every D. each () 3 I didnt know that youwouldthere. A. be; all B. all; be C. are; all D: all; are () 4 -Are these two books interesting? -Yes, _ of them are i of them are interesting. A. both B. all C. either D. neither 27 () 1 He couldnt make himself understood becauseof us knew what he said. A. none B. no C. nobody D. not () 2 I didnt like the cross talk.of the actors was funny. 135 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版A. Both B. All C. Neither D. Either () 3 _of them is good at singing. A. Both B. All C. No one D. Neither () 4 -Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk? -, thanks. I think Ill just have a glass of water. A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either () 5 -How many monkeys did you see in the zoo? A. Never B. None C. No one D. Nothing 28 () 1 We should speak English asas possible. A. many B. much C. few D. lot () 2 Its going to be a busy day today. I havework to do. A. a hard B. a lot C. many D. much () 3 The boy has eaten two bananas already, but he wanted A. a few more B. few more C. a little more D. little more () 4 Do you eatfruit and vegetables? A. many B. more C. a lot D. a lot of 29 () 1 I didnt get any letters yesterday, but there werethis morning. A. a little B. few C. little D. a few () 2 The film isnt interesting.people like it. A. Few B. A little C. A few D. Little 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版136 () 3 She can speakEnglish now. A. a little B. a few C. many D. few () 4 Hurry up! There istime left. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little () 5 Sorry, I cant answer your question. I knowabout the subject. A. a little B. little C. few D. a few 30 () 1 The man missed the bus.is why he was late for the meeting. A. It B. That C. This D. All () 2 He has to stay at home.he has a bad cold. A. This is because B. Thats why C. So is it D. The reason is () 3 -How many books are there on the table? -Only four. A. This is all rightB. Thats all right C. Thats right D. It is all right 参考答案：1. 1-4 A ADD 2. 1-6 A B B A D B 3. 1-4 DADD 4. 1-4 BABB 5. 1-3 DB D 6. 1-3 ADD 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版137 7. 1-4 DB DD 8. 1-4 DAD B 9. 1-2 B D 10. 1-4 DD DD 11. 1-3 B DB 12. 1-3 B DD 13. 1-3 DD A 14. 1-5 B B DA D 15. 1-3 DD D 16. 1-5 BBB DD 17. 1-3 ADD 18. 1-6 D D D B D D 19. 1-6 D D B A D D 20. 1-5 B DAD B 21. 1-5 B B D DA 22. 1-3 BB D 23. 1-3 A A A 24. 1-3 BBB 25. 1-6 AB DD B D 26. 1-4 DD BA 27. 1-5 A D D B B 28. 1-4 B DAD 138 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版29. 1-5 DA AD B 30. 1-3 BAD 初中英语语法专项习题6介词1 () 1 Children get giftsChristmas andtheir birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on () 2 -There is nothingtomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up () 3 A lot of students in our school were born_March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since () 4 tie suddenly returneda rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during () 5 My grandfather was bornOct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of () 6 The train is startingfive minutes. A. in B. at C. for D.still () 7 Mike does his exercises _ seven -the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on 2 () 1 The population of the world has grown very fast _ four hundred years. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版139 A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past ( ) 2 We returned to our hometown_. A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week ( ) 3 Great changes have taken place_ . A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year 3 () 1 Children wake up very earlythe morning of Christmas Day. A. in B. on C. for D. at () 2a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet. A. In B. On C. At D. For () 3 It happened to be very coldthe morning of our sports meet. A. at B. on C. with D. of ( ) 4 Why did you get up so earlythis morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in 4 ( ) 1 He went to ShanghaiSeptember 3, 1991 and came backa cold morning last year. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia ( ) 2 Lucy was born- the night of May 12, 1984. . A. on B. in C. at D. to ( ) 3 Mrs Brown came to China1996. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版140 A.on B. of C. to, D. in () 4the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning丿oeHill. A. On; to B. In; of. C. On; for, D. At; for () 5 Ann moved_Hangzhou_ September, 1992. A./; in i B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in () 6 They started offan autumn afternoon. A. during B. at C. in D. on 5 ( ) 1 He often goesschoo|six thirtythe morning. A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to () 2 He arrivedShanghai9: 30March 5. f A. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on ( ) 3 The English teacher told me to get therehalf past ten. A: in B. at C. on D. of ( ) 4 The children get up6 oclock. A. at B. on C. during D. in 6 ( ) 1 The doctor workedfive hoursa rest. A. for; with B. on; without C. about; having D. for; without ( ) 2 I worked on the problema long time and I worked it outmyself 14 1 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版last. A. for; by; at B. in; with; on C. on; by; in D. for; for; at the ( ) 3 A new factory will be set up:a year. lotae A. for B. in C. after D. on () 4 Two yearshe began to write another story-book. A. after B. later ; C. in D. late ( ) 5 We will finish the picture a day. A. in B. on C. after D. on ( ) 6 The workers had beenstrikealmost a month. A. on; in B. at; in C. on; for D. on; during () 7 Mr Brown had lainthe groundfour hours before they finally found him. A. on; for B. at; in C. on; after D. in; during 7 ( ) 1 The teacher is coming backan hour. A. after B. for C. in D. before ( ) 2 She lived in the mountain villagethe years 1940-1950. A. between B. during C. in D. since ( ) 3 Miss Wang will come to Beijingtwo days. A. after B. in C. on D. before ( ) 4 The American Civil War lasted four years before the North wonthe end. 142 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版A. by B. at C. in D. on 8 ( ) 7 Mary had finished her homeworkthe time I got home. A. until B. by C. at D. when () 2 We stayed at the labour teacher returned. A. till B. by C. during D. while ()3 They didnt leave the stationthey get on the train. A. until B. by C. after y D. at 9 1 Dont worry. He will return A. before long B. long before C. long long ago D. long ago 2 There lived an old man, fishing at sea A. long before B. before long C. long time ago D. soon 3 It was not_they came back. A. long before B. before long C. long time before D. long after 4 I was told that his uncle had gone to France. A. long before -B. shortly after C. before long D. long ago 10 () 1Tom gets up at five in the morning. A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times () 2 I remember we met each otherlast year. A. SometimeB. some times C. some time D. sometimes 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版143 () 3 Mary and I have been to the Great Wall, A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times () 4 He studied English forin London, and then he went to America. A. sometimes B. sometime new B. some time B. some times 11 () 1 I dont like to sitToms right. I would like to sitthe back row. A. on; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on () 2 There is a brookred flowers and green grassboth sides. A. of with B. with; on C. of; at D. with; in () 3 There are many treesof the road! Andof the trees is growing larger and larger. . A. on both side; a number B. on each sides; a number C. on both sides; the number D. on every side; the number 12 () 1 The plane is flying A. in the sky B. in. the air C. in space D. in sky () 2 There is a sweet smell . A. in the air B. in the open airC. in the sky D. in the space () 3 We held an interesting party_. A. in the air B. in the sky C. in the open air D. in space () 4 Seen from_,the earth appears to be a big blue ball. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版144 A. the space B. space C. a space D. this space 13 () 1 Tom sitsthe classroom while John sitsthe room. A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of () 2 Lucy sitsthe third row,Jims left. A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on () 3丿iangsuisthe east of China, but Japan is_ the east of China. A. to; in B. in; to. C. on; to D. to; on 14 () 1. -Can I look up a wordyour dictionary? -I havent gotme. A. into; about B. in; with C. at; in D. on; on () 2 1 like mooncakes _ meat them. A. in; on B. with; on C. in; the D. with; in () 3 When you aretrouble please ask helpus. A. in; from B. in; for C. on; from D. on; of () 4 The shopkeeper said they had sold out the shoesyour size. A. about B. in C. to D. of () 5 I saw himhurry at the moment. A. in a B. in C. on D. on a 15 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版145 () 1 He put up a mapthe back wall because there was a holeit. A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at ( ) 2 There is a doorthe wall. t a nc A. on B. to C. of D.in () 3 This kind of VCD is madeChina. A. in B. from C. at D. on () 4 Any maneyes_ his head can see that hes exactly like a rope. A. with; on B. with; in C. on; with D. in; with 16 () 1 There are some birds singingthe trees. A. in B. on C. at D. from () 2 Dont readthe sun. Its badyour eyes. A. in; to B. under; for C. with; to D. in; on () 3 The woman_ a blue dress is my teacher. A. in B. on C. of D. at () 4 There are so many applesthat tree. A. in JB, on C. at, D. from 17 () 1 The boat is passingthe bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across () 2 Two planes are flyingthe city. A. through B. over , C. on , D, below 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版146 () 3 We can see a river running to the eastthe hill. A. under B. below C. over D. on () 4 Do you see the kitethe building. A. over B. cross C. on D. above 18 () 1 The United States isthe south of Canada andthe east of丿apan.A. to; in B.on;to C. in; beside D. at; on () 2 My hometown liesthe city.I often go to the city by bike. A. 50 miles in the east; However B. to the east 40 miles of; But C. in the east 45 miles from; But D. 35 miles east of; However () 3 The man stoodthe window, watching the boys playing outside. A. in B. by C. with D. to () 4 Japan liesthe east of China. A. on 8/ to C. in D. with 19 () 1 ls the street too narrow for the bus to go ? A. through B. across C. on D. in () 2 A mother camel was walkingher sonthe desert. A. without; along B. with; through C. next to; pass D. beside; through () 3 The river runsthe city. A. across B. through C. over D. from 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版147 () 4 It took us over an hour to walkthis street. A. from B. through C. over D. across 20 () 1 Uncle Wang arrivedNo. 14 Middle School half an hour ago. A. at B. in C., to / D. / () 2 Did your friend send you somethingthe end of last week? A. at B. by C. in D. to () 3 The monumentthose heroes standsthe foot of the mountain. A. of; at B. to; on C. for; by D. to; at () 4 My uncle lives88 Beijing Street. A. to B. of C. at D. on () 5 They are waitinga busthe bus stop. A. for; in B. on; at C. with; at D. for; at 21 () 1 Wood is of ten madepaper. A. by B. from C. of D. into () 2researchthe universe scientists have put a lot of information computers. A. With; over; at B. On; at; to C. In; about; into D. For; with; through () 3; When a piece of ice is takena warm room, it gets smaller and smaller untilthe end it disappears completely. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版148 A. in; in B. out of; at C. into; in D. to; by () 4 A woman fell _ the boatthe water. A. off; into B. at; belowC. down; under D. away; in 22 () 1 The tables in the restaurant are so close together that theres hardly any room to movethem. A. among B. betweenC. in the middle of D. at the centre of ( ) 2 English is widely used for businessdifferent countries. A. between B. to C. for D. on ( ) 3 Is there any differencethese two sentences? A. for B. in C. among D. between () 4 We visited him at his workplacethe young trees and ask him about his work. E A. in B. among C. between D. at ( ) 5 There is the differenceChinese food and American food. A. from B. at C. between D. by ( ) 6 The police station isthe clothing shopthe post office. A. between; and B. among; and C. near; of D. on; right ( ) 7 He isthe greatest scientists in the world. A. among B. between C. in D. of 23 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版149 () 1 There is a book-storeour house. A. at B. through C. across D. near () 2 Our headmaster showed the visitors _ our school. A. to B. for C. around -; D. near () 3 The moon is theto the earth. A. closed B. near C. nearest D. close 24 () 1 We have classes every daySunday. A. beside B. besides C. except D. except for () 2 Nobody knew it_ me. A. but B. beside C. besides D. without () 3 What do you spend your time onwork and study? A. except B. besides C. but D. without () 4 Do you know any other foreign languageEnglish. A. without B. beside C. besides D. except () 5 We need fifteen more peoplethe twenty of us to do the job. A. besides B. and C. except D. without () 6 No one knew where Mr Smith livedhis daughter. A. besides B. and C, only D. except 25 () 1the help of the teacher, Tom has made rapid progresshis studies. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版150 A. For; at B. Of; for C. By; on D. With; in () 2 The children are interested_this subject. A. to B. with C. in D. at () 3 His mother often helps himEnglish so he does betterEnglish than others.; A. with; in B. on; in C. in; with D. with; at () 4 Ive lost my interestphysics. A. in B. on C. at D. for () 5 He drove awaythe direction of London. A. in B. at C. to D. for () 6 Th e letter was writtenink. A. with B. in C. by D. at 26 () 1the money, she bought a new coather father. A. With; for B. With; to C. For; with D. To; with () 2 Wei Hua gets on wellher classmates. A. with B. in C. to D. at () 3 There is something wrongmy bike. A. at B. in C. on D. with () 4 They are filling their bagsbooks and other things. A. in B. with C. of D. by () 5 When the teacher heard us talking in class, he was very angry 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版151 A. to B. with C. for D. of ( ) 6 We usually cover the Christmas treescolour lights. A. in B. use C. for D. with 27 () 1 -His sudden death surprised his wife. -It was so bad. His wife was surprisedhis death. A. by B. with C.at D. on () 2 Dont laughhim, he only made a small mistake. A. at B. to C. about D. over () 3 The boy cried outthe top of his voice. A. at B. in C. on D. to 28 () T We Chinese people are allour motherland . A. famous for B. proud of C. busy with D. good at () 2 The beautiful bottle was madeglass. A. from B. in C. of D. by () 3 This is a mapChina. A. in B. at C. of D. on () 4 A groupboys and girls are dancing in the park. A. with B. of C. for D. to 29 ( ) 1 They are getting readyflyEnglandtheir holiday. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版152 A. for; to; to B. to; to; for C. for; for; to D. to; to; to () 2 What did you havebreakfast? A. at B. as C. for D. about () 3 They were invited to an important ballthe first timetheir lives. A. for; in B. at; in C. on; for D. in; with () 4 Tom always comes late_school. A. at . B. inside C. to D. for () 5 Mr Smith caught holdBob and said, This is a good lessonyou. A. of; for B. for; of C. of; of D. for; for () 6 The shopclothes is the right sidethe street. A. of; at; beside B. for; on; at C. for; on; of D. of; in; of 参考答案：1.1-7BAAAAAB 2. 1-3 CC B 3. 1-4 BBB B 4. 1-6 C A D B A D 5. 1-4 B DB A 6.1-7BABBACA 7. 1-4 CB BC 8. 1-3BAA 9.1-4AAAA 10. 1-4 BAD C 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版153 11. 1-3 ABC 12. 1-4 A AC B 13. 1-3 B DB 14. 1-5 B DA BA 15. 1-4 CD AB 16. 1-4 A A AB 17. 1-4 CB B D 18. 1-4 BBB B 19. 1-4 ABB B 20. 1-5 A ADC D 21. 1-5 DCC A 22. 1-7 BAD BC A A 23. 1-3 DCC 24. 1-6 CAB CAD 25. 1-6 D CA A A B 26. 1-6 A AD B B D 27. 1-3CAA 28. 1-4 BC CB 29. 1-6BCACAC 初中英语语法专项习题7-动词【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版154 1 () 1 Every night the noise A. wakes him out B. wake up him C. wakes him up D. wake him up () 2 Sheto sleep, but she was never able to sleep well. A. came B. fell C. tried D. missed () 3 I like what she.I hate what she A. likes; hates B. like; hate C. liked; hates D. to like; to hate () 4 She picked it up and A. gave me it B. gave to me it C. gave it me D. gave it to me () 5 The shoes are yours. Please A. put it away B. put them away C. put away it D. put away them 2 () 1 The starsvery small because theyre very far away from us. A. are B. look C. change D. become () 2 The roomcool in summer andwarm in winter. A. feels B. is felt C. feels to be D. is felt to be () 3 You dont look soas usual. Why not go to see a doctor? A. well B. better C. badly D. worse () 4 His temperature seems A. right B. all right C. well D. true () 5 The cake smells . 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版155 A. well B. badly C. good D. terribly 3 () 1 Will you go to the Great Wall if itfine tomorrow? A. will B. was C. is going to be D. is () 2 Please come to our meeting if youfree tomorrow. A. will B. will be C. are D. were () 3you free now? I have some questions to ask you. A. Will B. Do C. Are D. Would 4 () 1 His grandpafor a year. A. died B. has been dead C. has been death D. was died () 2 I wont go to bed until my motherback. A. came B. comes C. will D. come () 3 The pupilsthe Summer Palace tomorrow afternoon. A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. are going to visit () 4 Hehis homework this time yesterday. A. is doing B. was doing C. did D. will do () 5 Two years ago, hethe Youth League. A. has joined B. joined C. took part in D. entered 5 () 1 -Were you here yesterday? 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版156 -Yes, I A. am B. was C. are D. were ( ) 2 Whatthey doing now in the forest? A. is B. are C. were D. was () 3 The young peoplein the mountain area and they_ planting trees now. A. is; are B. are; are C. are; were D. was; were 6 () 1 The gir|beautiful at all. A. isnt B. doesnt C. didnt D. arent () 2 Ive told himthe dog any more. A. dont play with B. not to play with C. dont play D. not to play () 3 -My pen -Neither does mine. A. wont write B. didnt write C. doesnt write D. is not written ( ) 4 Hehis homework last week. Hei 11. A. doesnt do; is B. didnt; / C. didnt do; was D. not did; was 7 ( ) 1 I think Miss Gao is the best teacher in our school.youme? A. Do; agree with B. Are; agree with C. Are; angry with D. Are; agree with 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版157 () 2your mother a bus driver? A. Are B. Is C. Did D. Does () 3you been to the Great Wall? A. Has B. Have C. Do D. Does 8 () 1 Hein the reading room just now. A. is B. was C. will be D. will () 2 The boysvery happy during the holidays. A. is B. were C. am D. was () 3 How many deerthere on the farm last year? A. are B. were C. is D. was 9 () 1 My motherfree last week. A. isnt B. arent C. not was D. wasnt () 2 Theybusy the other day. A. arent B. werent C. is D. wasnt 10 () 1there many trees on both sides of the river last summer? 90 Its a Haidian top proble A. Are B. Is C. Was D. Were () 2there any snow on the ground last night? A. Are B. Were C. Is D. Was 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版158 () 3her sister at home yesterday evening? A. Is B. Was C. Will be D. Are 11 () 1 Whoin the next room, singing the song just now? A. are B. is C. was D. am () 2 -Whenthey going to start? -Next week. A. is B. are C. were D. will be () 3 -Whereyou last week? -We went to London for a holiday. A. are B. were C. is D. am 12 () 1 Could you tell me if thereplenty of rain in the east of China? A. has B. have C. is D. are () 2 Can you tell me ifany books in the bookstore? A. are there B. were there C. there are D. there have () 3 Therea modern hospital in my hometown. A. have B. has C. are D. is 13 () 1 Here A. comes the bus B. the bus comes C. does the bus come D. coming the bus () 2 There 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版159 A. come they B. they come C. they are coming D. they will come () 3 Now_. A. comes your turn B. your turn comes C. does your turn come D. your turn coming 14 () 1 There isby the lake. A. hills B. the hill C. a hill D. hill () 2on the desk. A. The book is B. The book are C. There is the book D. Book is 15 () 1 Theregood news in todays newspaper. A. arent many B. isnt much C. arent lots of D. isnt a lot of () 2 Thereonly some meat in the fridge, A. isnt B. is C. arent D. are 16 () 1there any trees on the hill? A. Is B. Are C. Has D. Have () 2there a glass factory near the city? A. Are B. Is C. Were D. Had () 3there a river between the two villages? A. Has B. Is C. Are D. Were 17 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版160 () 1 Therean English evening on December 18. A. are going to have B. will be C. will have D. is going to have () 2 There is going toa football match this evening. A. have B. has C. is D. be 18 () 1 Therea hill in front of the village. A. lives B. be C. stands D. lies () 2 Long long ago therea king. A. is B: lived C. had D. lay () 3 Therea rice field outside the village. A. lies B. are C. were D. lie 1. 1-5 CB AD B 2. 1-5 BA ABC 3. 1-3 DCC 4. 1-5 BB DB B 5. 1-3 BBB 6. 1-4 ABC C 7. 1-3 ABB 8. 1-3 BBB 9. 1-3 DB B 10. 1-3 DD B 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版16 1 11. 1-3 CB B 12. 1-3 CC D 13.1-3ABA 14. 1-2 CA 15. 1-2 BB 16. 1-3 BBB 17. 1-2 B D 18. 1-3 CB A 初中英语语法专项习题8-数词1 () 1 There aredays in a year. A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five () 2 There arestudents in this school. A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundred and forty six C. eight hundred and forty-six D. eight hundred forty-six 2 () 1 _people visit this museum every day. A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of () 2 There are twopeople in the meeting room. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版162 () 3 Every yearwatch NBA on TV. A. million people B. millions of people C. millions people D. million of people () 4trees have been planted in our school in the past 10 years. A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Two thousand of () 5 Look! There arein the sky. A. thousand stars B. thousand of stars C. thousands of stars D. thousands of star 3 () 1 My brother is in A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one () 2 We are going to learnthis term. A. book six B. six book C. the book six D. Book Six () 3 Please turn to. Lets read the text aloud. A. Page Two B. the page two C. second page D. page second 4 () 1 We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five B. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty five C. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-five 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版163 D. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five ( ) 2 The year 1999 should be read The year_”. A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine C. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine 5 ( ) 1 He will come here _ tomorrow morning. A. at fifth B. at ten C. on two D. till tenth ( ) 2 Every day he begins to do his homework A. at ten past seven B. at seven pass ten C. on ten past seventh D. until ten ( ) 3 He was doing some washing _. A. at eight yesterday morning B. yesterday morning eight C. yesterday morning at eight D. by eight yesterday morning 6 ( ) 1 He began to work there_. A. on his fifty B. at age of fifty C. when he fifty D. in his fifties ( ) 2 They moved to Beij ing _ A. in 1980s B. in the 1980 C. in the 1980s D. on the 1980s () 3 We all like the boy. A. of ten years old B. ten-year-old C. at ten old D. of age of ten 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版164 () 4 She washer early twenties when she went abroad. A. at B. on C. of D: in 7 () 1 There aremonths in a year. December is themonth of the year. A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth () 2 Duringcentury, the world population has already reached 6 billion. A. twenty B. the twentieth C. twentieth / D. the twenty () 3 Sunday is theday of the week. A. seventh B. first C. second D. third () 4 Autumn is season in a year. A. the fourth B. the third C. a third D. the threeth () 5 Tom was to get to school and I was _. A. first; ninth C. the first; the ninth B. a first; a ninth D. the second; the nineth 8 () 1 -Whats the date today? -Its . A. Friday B. time to go C. cloudy D.丿une4th () 2 Jenny was born A. on July 10, 1987 B. in丿uly10, 1987 C. in 1987, July 10 D. on 1987，丿uly10 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版165 () 3 Monday is the second day, and_. A. Tuesday is the fourth B. Thursday is the fifth C. the second is Tuesday D. the second is Thursday 9 () 1 Aboutof the books in our school library are written in Chinese. A. four-fifth B. four-fifths C. fourth-fifths D. fourths-fifth () 2of the students are girls in our class. A. Two three B. Two threes C. Two thirds D. Second three () 3of the worlds books and newspapers are written in English. A. Three quarters B. Three quarter C. Thirds four D. Threes fourth 10 () 1 Tom isin the row. A. a second B. the second C. two D. second () 2 The girl wanted to singsong in English. A. the others B. a second C. other D. the second () 3 Now let me have_. A. the third try B. a third try C. third try D. this third try 参考答案：1. 1-2 CC 2. 1-5 DAB AC 3. 1-3 B DA 4. 1- 2 CB 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版166 5. 1-3 BA A 6. 1-4 DC AD 7. 1-5 B BBB C 8. 1-3 DAB 9. 1-3 BC A 10. 1-5 BBB 初中英语语法专项习题9时态1 () 1 -He came early this morning, didnt he? -Yes, he did. He oftento school early. A. come B. comes C. came D. has come ( ) 2 Annher hair every week. A. is going to wash B. wash C. washes D. is washing () 3 They usuallyTV in the evening. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches ( ) 4 The sunin the east andin the west. A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set () 5 Miss GaoEnglish on the radio every morning. A. had studied B. studies C. study D. studied 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版167 () 6 Our teacher will return by the time school A. will begin B. began C. is beginning D. begins 2 ( ) 1 -I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. What about you, Jim? -So do I, but my sister A. hasnt B. doesnt C. didnt D. wont ( ) 2 -That ten pound note belongs to me. A. Yes, it belongs B. No, it doesnt C. Yes, it is D. No, it isnt () 3 She will go if ittomorrow. A. isnt rain B. dont rain C. doesnt rain D. didnt rain 3 ( ) 1 -they oftenthese old men? -Yes, they A. Do; help; are B.Are; helping; are C. Do; help; do D. Are; helped; are ( ) 2 -_he _ to work on foot? -Yes, he A. Do; go; do B. Does; go; does C. Is; going; does D. Does; go; is () 3yousome speaking in English every day? A. Is; speaking B. Do; do C. Do; does D. Does; do 4 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版168 () 1 How_ it in English? A. you say B. do you say C. to speak D. about talk () 2youto school every day? A. When; go B. When do; go. C. When did; go D. Does; go () 3the girl _ to school? A. Where does; go B. How do; go C. How does; goes D. How does; go 5 () 1 -you _ how to get the bus stop? A. Have; know B. Do; know C. Are; knowing D. /; know () 2 Iwhat the old man said is right. A. am thinking B. is thought C. think D. thought () 3 These little boysplaying football. A. are liking B. like C. likes D. were liking 6 () 1 We wont go to the Great Wall if ittomorrow. A. snows B. snowed C. snow D. will snow () 2 We wont come back until wethe work. A. shall finish B. have finished C. will finish D. finish () 3 Could you ring me up as soon as he _? A. arrived B. would arrive C. arrives D. will arrive () 4 I will not help you with your English if Itime tomorrow. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版169 A. dont have B. will not have C. am not D. wont ( ) 5 The next time you _ his parents, tell them I want to see them as soon as possible. A. meet B. will meetC. are going to meet D. met () 6 The key will be left on the table when I A. left B. leave C. will leave D. am leaving () 7 When youused to the weather here, you willthis place. A. will get; like B. have got; like C. get; liked D. get; will like 7 ( ) 1 Our classesat 7: 30 tomorrow morning. A. begin B. begins C. is beginning D. were beginning () 2 The trainat five this afternoon. A. leave B. leaving C. leaves D. are leaving ( ) 3 Next month my fatherto China from America. A. returns B. are returning C. are going to return D. would return 8 () 1 Look, inour maths teacher. A. is coming B. came C. come D. comes ( ) 2 -Have you seen my pen? A. Here is it B. Here it is C. Here they are D. Here are they () 3 Under the table A. a ball are B. is a ball C. are a ball D. has a ball 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版1 70 9 () 1 He lived there before heto China. A. come B. comes C. came D. coming () 2 Ivery hard when I was young. A. study B. studied C. had studied D. shall study () 3 A girlthe wallet and A. found; turns it in B. would find; has turned in it C. found; turned it in D. has found; turned in it () 4 Ithe blackboard butnothing on it. A. looked at; saw B. have looked; saw C. saw; looked at D. was looking at; was seeing () 5 I have no idea whatwhile I was asleep. A. has happened B. was happened C. happened D. had happened ( ) 6 He said he would help me with my maths if he.free. A. was B. will be C. would be D. is 10 ( ) 1 Whento learn English? A. does she begin B. did she begin C. has she begun D. she began ( ) 2 -I have finished my homework. -Whenyouit? A. have; finished B. do; finish C. did; finish D. will; finish () 3 My younger brother-the army_ 1990. A. joined; at B. joined; in C. has joined; in D. has joined; since 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版171 () 4 The train from Tianjinan hour ago. A. arrived B. has arrived C. was arriving D. arrived at () 5 I my homework at about nine at night. A. finished B. would finish C. was finishing D. finish 11 () 1 -Sorry, but your address again, please. Icatch it. -Its 28 Zhongshan Road. A. didnt B. dont C. wont D. wouldnt () 2 -Did you wait for your father very long? -Yes, Ito bed until two in the morning. A. did go B. didnt go C. had gone D. went () 3 -Tom didnt go to see the film with you last night, did he? A. No, he did B. No, he doesnt C. Yes, he did D. Yes, he didnt () 4 -Excuse me. Look at the sign: NO SMOKING! -Sorry, Iit. A. dont see B. didnt see C. havent seen D. wont see 12 () 1here and ask him about it yesterday? A. Did you come B. Would you not go C. You didnt come D. Arent you go () 2hea good time last Sunday? A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have () 3 The students hardly studied the English language,they? 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版172 A. did B. didnt C. were D. werent () 4 -the busjust now? -Yes, but it has left. A. Has; come B. Did; come C. Is; come D. Does; come 13 () 1 He came in,his coat and sat down. A. took down B. took off C. taking down D. taking off () 2 We carried some water, dug some holes and _ to plant these trees. A. begin B. began C. beginning D. begins () 3 The old lady cleaned the tables,some dirty clothes and did some cooking. A. washing B. washed C. washes D. wash 14 () 1 When he was a child, hein the garden in the morning. A. always plays B. always played C. plays always D. played always () 2 He is good at maths and hehard. A. always study B. always is studying C. is always studying D. studies always () 3 Tom _ to school. A. never is late B. never come C. never comes D. is never 15 () 1 When he was young heswim in the river. A. used B. used to C. uses D. use () 2 He at six, but now at five. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版173 A. used to get up B. used to getting up C. used get up D. was used to get up ( ) 3 The old manout for a walk in the evening. A. used to going B. go C. is used to going D. will go 16 ( ) 1 -My father will be here tomorrow. -Oh, I thought that hetoday. A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. was coming (). 2 -He has been in the next room. -Sorry, I thought that hein Shanghai. A. was B. is C. will be D. has been () 3 Oh, you are here? I thought youon the playground. A. ran B. runs C. are running D. run 17 () 1 -What is he doing now? -Hea picture. A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing ( ) 2 Look! An elephantthis way. A. was coming B. is coming C. came D. comes ( ) 3 Look! The childrenkites over there. A. flew B. fly C. are flying D. were flying ( ) 4 Be quiet! Im trying to hear what the man 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版174 A. is saying B. has said C. will say D. says () 5 Dont talk with each other. The baby A. was sleeping B. is sleepping C. was sleepping D. is sleeping 18 () 1 When we came in, theytheir lessons. A. are not doing B. werent doing C. not were doing D/ have done () 2 My fatherhis clothes, but he is repairing his car. A. doesnt wash B. isnt washing C. is washing D. wasnt washing 19 l _youyour homework now? A. Do; doing B. Are; doing C. Were; doing D. Does; do 2your mothershopping at the moment? A. Are; doing B. Is; doing C. Is; taking D. Are; taking 3 the children the radio? A. Is; listening B. Is; listening to C. Are; listening to D. Are; listening 20 () Whoat the door? A. do knock B. is knocking C. knock D. knocking () 2 Whatshewhen I entered? A. is; doing B. does; do C. was; doing D. did; do 175 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版() 3 Which carhewhen the accident happened? A. is; repairing B. was; repairing C. did; repair D. does; repair 21 () 1 Cou Id you tell me when? A. he is coming B. he was coming C. will he come D. is he coming () 2 Igoing to London next month. A. will think of B. am thinking of C. think of D. am thought of () 3 My uncle _ to see me. Hell be here soon. A. is coming B. comes C. has come D. came () 4 Theyuncle Wang this evening. A. is meeting B. meets C. meet D. are going to meet () 5 Wefor Shanghai tonight. A. are starting B. have started C. started D. start 22 () 1 Listen! Someoneat the door of the meeting-room. A. knocked B. knocks C. is knocking D. was knocking () 2 The swimming pool is closed today because the workers A. have made repairs B. make repairs C. are making repairs D. are made repairing ( ) 3 My brothera lot. He is reading a new magazine now. A. read B. reads C. has read D. is reading () 4 -Who sings best in your class? -Mary_. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版176 A. is B. will C. does D. do 23 () I My studentseach other. A. are always helping B. always helps C. always are helping D. help always () 2 How tired I am, for my little son A. is always crying B. cry C. never cries D. always cry () 3 Dont forget to bring your pen and books. Youto bring these things. A. are always forgotten B. are always forgetting C. are always forget D. forget always 24 () 1 My fatherbreakfast at home every day. A. hasnt B. isnt having C. doesnt have D. has had () 2 Isupper when the boy broke in. A. has B. have C. was having D. will have () 3 Weno class on Sundays. A. had B. have C. has D. are having 25 () 1the BlacksTV at seven yesterday? A. Did; watch B. Are, watching C. Were; watching D. Do; watch () 2 The scientista walk in his garden at four last Sunday. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版177 A. was taking B. would take C. took D. was taken () 3 Whatfrom nine to ten last night? A. did you do B. had you done C. have you done D. were you doing () 4 While Tom_ a football match, his sister was reading an interesting story in her room. A. was watching B. is watching C. has watched D. had watched 26 () 1 When Miss Zhao came into the classroom, the students_ . A. talked B. were talking C. talking D. talk () 2 When Mary came to see me, Ithe music. A. am listening to B. listened to C. was listening to D. was listening ( ) 3 When I arrived there, youvolleyball. A. has already played B. played C. were playing D. would play () 4 When I knocked at the door, my mother_ . A. cooked B. cooking C. was cooking D. cook ( ) 5 We heard a cry when weTV last night. A. were watching B. would watch C. watch D. watched 27 ( ) 1 Mary was drawing a horse on the blackboard when Iin. A. have come B. came C. am coming D. come ( ) 2 The little boywhen I came into the room. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版178 A. is drawing B. draws C. has drawn D. was drawing () 3 I _ the floor when my father came in. A. was sweeping B. swept C. sweeping D. am sweeping () 4 Theya meeting when I saw them. A. had B. have had C. were having D. are having () 5 -Whatwhen I phoned you this morning? -Imy homework and was starting to take a bath. A. were you doing; had just finished B. would you do; have just finished C. are you doing; just finished D. did you do; just finished 28 () 1 Look at the clouds. A. Its going to rain B. Itll be raining C. It will be rained D. If 11 rain I () 2 Myfamilyto stay in London for some time. A. is going B. are going C. go D. are go () 3 Theretwo English films next week. A. is going to be B. are going to have C. will have D. are going to be () 4 There is going toa volleyball match on our school playground. The match is going toat six this evening. A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have 29 () 1 -Are you busy this afternoon? -No. Ito watch a football match. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版179 A. am going B. will C. shall D. can () 2 Who_ help him to move the box away? A. are B. are going, C. are going to D. is () 3 Wherebuy a computer for your son? A. you are B. are going C. you go D. are you going to 30 () 1 It is getting dark. I A. must be leaving B. must be left C. will leaving D. was leaving () 2 Tell me who_,_ to our party tomorrow. A. is coming B. was coming C. come D. have come () 3 Whomyouto for help now? A. are; turning B. are; turn C. would; turn D. do; turning 31 () 1 Next year my little sisterten years old. A. is to be B. is going to be C. shall be D. will be () 2 They have just decided that theythe job. A. have taken B. will take C. would take D. are taking () 3 She says that sheto Beijing next week. A. has gone B. will go C. goes D. go () 4 If heat eight, we,too. A. leave; do B. leaves; will C. will leave; will D. is leaving; are () 5 -Is this the last exam for this term? 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版180 -Yes, but thereanother test three months from now. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been () 6 Youlate for school again if youearly. A. shall be; wont get up B. are; wont get up C. will be; dont get up D. have been; not get 32 () 1 Wi II you pleasethis rubber to Xiao Ling? A. to give B. giving C. gave D. give () 2 -_I the window? -Yes, please. A. Will; clean B. Am; cleaning C. Do; clean D. Shall; clean () 3you like to have dinner with us tonight? A. Would B. Do C. Are D. Will 33 () 1 -Im sorry, I forgot to past the card for you. -Never mind, Ipost it tomorrow. A. am going B. am going to C. will go D. go () 2youa teacher when you grow up? A. Will; be B. Are; going to be C. Are; / D. Will; going to be, 34 () 1 I thought Class Onein the match. A. will win B. would win C. is going to win D. was going to win 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版18 1 () 2 She didnt tell me whether sheback early or late. A. comes B. will come C. is coming D. would come () 3 The students were told that theyat the school gate at 2: 00 the following afternoon. A. met B. will meet C. were to meet D. were met 35 () 1 Last year the old manunder the roof, enjoying the sunlight-A. sits B. is sitting C. sit D. would sit () 2 Weeach other when we studied together. A. helping B. are helping C. would help D. do help () 3 Though we pushed the car hard, the car_ away. A. wouldnt move B. moved C. would move D. doesnt move 36 () l _youthe novel that I lent you last week? A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. Are; finished D. Do; finish () 2 Hein our school for 20 years and hehere in 1977. A. has taught; came B. has taught; has come C. taught; came D. has teached; has came () 3 They are late. The filmfor five minutes. A. has begun B. has started C. has been on D. began 37 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版182 () 1 A new schoolin my hometown recently. A. is set up B. has been set up C. was set up D. has set up () 2 -Did your brother go to America last year? A. No he did never go there B. No, he has never gone there C. No, he never was there D. No, hes never been there () 3 _ the Great Wall? A. Have you ever gone to B. Are you ever going to C. Do you ever go to D. Have you ever been to () 4.1the book yet. A. havent read B. hadnt readC. dont read D. am not reading () 5 They left for Beijing last month and wethem ever since. A. dont hear from B. havent heard from C. wont hear from D. didnt hear from () 6 He says hethe book several times already this year. A. had read B. has read C. will read D. is reading 38 () 1 Hethe book a week ago, but Iit to the library. A. have lent; returned B. have borrowed; return C. borrowed; have returned D. lent; have returned () 2 You cant use the computer. It A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版183 () 3 Im sorry, Iyour name. A. have forgotten B. forgot C. had forgotten D. forgotten 39 () 1 The old manin this house since 1949. A. has lived B. had lived C. is living D. lives ( ) 2 I hope Ino mistake in my work so far A. make B. am making C. have made D. was making () 3 The life of the people_ greatly in the past years. A. has changed B. have changed C. changed D. are changing () 4 Her grandpafor three years. A. has been dead B. has died C. had been dead D. died 40 () 1 Iher only twice since last year. A. see B. was seeing C. have seen D. saw () 2 Lucyto Shanghai once. 118 Its a Haidian top problem A. went B. has gone C. has been D. had been () 3 Judythe Great Wall twice, and now she stillto go there. A. went to; wanted B. goes to; wants C. has gone to; wants D. has been to; wants ( ) 4 In the past five years. IEnglish words. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版184 A. have learned three thousand B. learned three thousand of C. had learned three thousands D. learned thousands of ( ) 5 Hethere many times. A. has been B. went C. has been to D. has gone 41 () 1 -youyour breakfast? -Yes, I have. -Whenyouit? -Twenty minutes ago. A. Have; have; have; had B. Did; have; did; have C. Have; had; do; have D. Have; had; did; have () 2 -your homework yet? -Not yet, Iit. A. Have you done; am doing B. Did you do; did C. Did you do; am doing D. Have you done; did ( ) 3 -Wherethe recorder? I cant see it anywhere. -Iit right here half an hour ago. But now it is gone. A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. do you put; putting D. did you put; have put 42 () 1 Mr GreenChina for three years. A. has been to B. has come to C. has been in D. has arrived in 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版185 () 2 TomLondon for two years. A. had left B. has gone away C. has been away from D. had been away from () 3 How longa Party member? A. have you been B. are you C. have you become D. did you become 43 () 1 My father isnt here now. HeShanghai. Hethere twice. A. has gone; has been B. has gone to; has been to C. has been to; has gone D. has gone to; has been () 2 -Hi! Bruce. I havet seen you for three weeks. -Hi! George. I_America. A. have gone to B. went to -C. have been to D. have been in () 3 My uncleLondon for five years. But he will be back next year. A. went B. has been in C. has gone D. has gone to () 4 -Could I speak to Mrs Black, please? -Sorry, sheto the library. A. is going B. has gone C. has been D. will to () 5 Peter is young, but hemany foreign countries. A. has been in B. has gone to C. went to D. has been to 44 () 1youthe book? A. Are; have B. Have; got C. Do; get D. Are; having 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版186 () 2youto know about the news? A. Do; must B. Will; get C. Have; had D. Do; have () 3 Theyfinish the job by tomorrow. A. have got B. have got to C. got to D. have 45 () 1 Before we got to the railway station, the trainalready. A. went out B. had gone C. has gone D. has arrived () 2 The film when I to the cinema. A. has begun; get B. had begun; got C. has been on; get D. had been on; got () 3 The meetingfor five minutes when I got there. A. had begun B. had been on C. has begun D. has been on () 4 -Lets hurry. The President is coming. -Oh, I was afraid that we_. A. already miss him B. had already missed him C. will miss him already D. have already missed him () 5 When Ito the cinema, the filmfor 5 minutes. A. got; had begun B. get; will begin C. got; had been on D. got; has been on () 6 By the end of last term, weover two thousand new words. A. learned B. have learnedC. will learn D. had learned 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版187 参考答案：1. 1-6 B C A C B D 2. 1-3 BBC 3. 1-3 CB B 4. 1-3 BB D 5. 1-3 BC B 6. 1-7ADCAABB 7. 1-3 AC A 8. 1-3 D BB 9. 1-6 C B C A C A 10. 1-5 BC BA A 11. 1-4 ABC B 12. 1-4 AD AB 13. 1-3 BBB 14. 1-3 BC C 15. 1-3 BA C 16. 1-3DAA 17. 1-5 CBC AD 18. 1-2 BB 19. 1-3 BBC 20. 1-3 BC B 21. 1-5 AB A DA 188 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版22. 1-4 CC BC 23. 1-3 A AB 24. 1-3 CC B 25. 1-3 CAD 26. 1-SBCCCA 27. 1-5 B DA CA 28. 1-4 AB DC 29. 1-3 AC D 30. 1-3AAA 31. 1-6 D BBB CC 32. 1-3 D DA 33. 1-2 CB 34. 1-3 B DC 35. 1-3 DC A 36. 1-3 BA C 37. 1-6 B D DA B B 38. 1-3 C DA 39. 1-4 AC A A 40. 1-SCCDAA 41. 1-3 DAB 42. 1-3 CC A 43. 1-5 D C D B D 189 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版44. 1-3 CD B 45. 1-6 B B B B C D 初中英语语法专项习题10动词辨析1 () 1.-1s this your ruler? -No, Iits his pen. A. think B. see C. look D. watch () 2 Will you go andthe match with us? A. see B. watch C. look D. look at () 3 The old worker asked me if Iwhat the speaker said. A. listened B. caught C. saw D. took () 4 After supper, he listens to the radio anda newspaper. A. sees B. reads C. watches D. looks 2 () 1. We dont know the word. Letsin the dictionary. A. look it B. look at C. look up it D. look it up () 2 Pleasebefore you cross the road. A. look up B. look yourself C. look around D. look again () 3 Smith took the dictionary,it and thenit on to Philip. A. looked at; passed B. put away; tried C. looked up; spent D. paid for; put 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版190 () 4 -What are you二-My key. A. look for B. finding C. look after D. looking for () 5 Cou Id you pleasemy cat while Im out? A. look for B. look out C. look after D. look at 3 () 11 cantmy pen. Can you see it? A. look B. see C. find D. watch () 2 In the old days it was difficult for the poor toa job. A. find B. look for C. find out D. look after () 3 Hehis watch everywhere, but he didnt_ it. A. looked for; find B. found; look for C. looked after; find D. looked at; find () 4 Pleasewhen well start tomorrow. A. lookout B. find out C. find D. look for 4 () 1 Itme about a quarter to go to school on foot every day. A. pays B. spends C. costs D. takes () 2 My parentsabout 1, 000 yuan for my school education each year. A. spend B. take C. cost/ D. pay () 3 How much_this coat? A. pay; for B. does; cost C. does; spend D. does; take 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版191 () 4 Quite a lot of people watch TV only totime. A. have B. pass C. take D. pay () 5 Heone hour on his homework yesterday. A. spent B. got C. took D. cost 5 () 1 Will youyour new book here? Id like to have a look at it. A. bring B. take C. get D. carry () 2 A strong wind will arrive in Harbin. It willmuch rain. A. bring B. take C. carry D. get () 3 Dont forget toyour school bag with you when you come here this evening. A. take B. bring C. keep D. hold 6 () 1. -Do you know Mr Brown? -No, but Ihim before. A. often heard of B. have known C. have heard of D. often listen to () 2 Tom is listening to the teacher. But he canthim. A. listen B. listening to -C. hear D. heard () 3 I haventmy good friend,丿ohnfor years, i A. hear of B. hear C. hear from D. heard from () 4 Heanda sound in the next room. A. listened to; heard B. listened; heard C. heard; listened to D. heard; listened 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版192 7 () 1 It was eight oclock when I _ the station. A. got B. arrived in C. arrived at D. reached to () 2 Did you the station on time? A. get B. arrive C. reach D. arrived at ( ) 3 What time did youto school this morning? A. get B. got C. reach D. reached 8 () 1 -Will you pleaseus a story, Miss Gao? -OK. Shall Iit in English or in Chinese? A. tell; speak B. talk; speak C. tell; say D. talk; say () 2 He went onfor a long time, but heso fast that few of us could catch what he A. talking; spoke; said B. speaking; told; said C. talking; spoke; told D. telling; spoke; talked ( ) 3 Could youme how tothis word in French? A. tell; speak B. speak; talk C. talk; say D. tell; say () 4 I saw him, but I didntto him. A. say B. tell C. speak D. talked ( ) 5 Lets go andhello to him. A. speak B. talk C. tell D. say () 6 Do youEnglish, sir? 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版193 A. talk B. tell C. say D. speak 9 ( ) 1 Could youme your dictionary? I want to find the meaning of this new word. A. keep B. lent C. borrow D. lend () 2 I canyou my dictionary, but you canit for only a week. A. borrow; borrow B. lend; borrow C. borrow; keep D. lend; keep () 3 -May Iyour bike? -Certainly, but you mustntit to others. A. lend; lend B. borrow; lend C. borrow; borrow D. lend; borrow 10 () 1 Why notus in singing some new songs? A. take part in B. join to C丿oinD. to join ( ) 2 He was ill, so he didntyesterdays leesons. A. join B. attend C. take part D. join in ( ) 3 Next week well have a meeting_. A. to take part in B. to join C. to attend D. attending () 4 All of usthe spring sports meet last Saturday. A. joined B. took part in C. attend D. joined in 参考答案：1. 1-4 ABB B 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版194 2. 1-5 DC ADC 3. 1-4 CA AB 4. 1-4 DD BB A 5. 1-3 A AB 6. 1-4 CC DB 7. 1-3 CC A 8. 1-6 CA DC D D 9. 1-3 DD B 10. 1-4 CBC B 初中英语语法专项习题11-情态动词1 () 1 Johncome to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may 8. cane. has to D. must () 2 Theydo well in the exam. A. can be able to 8. be able to C. can able to D. are able to ( ) 3 -May I take this book out? -No, you A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. arent () 4 Yougo and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever. A. can 8. must C. dare D. would 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版195 () 5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not 2 () 1 -He_ be in the classroom, I think. -No, hebe in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt () 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? -Thanks, but you, Ive had enough. A. may not B. must not C. cant D. neednt () 3 Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need () 4 He isnt at school. I think hebe ill. o A. can B. shall C. must D. has to () 5I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 3 () 1 The childrenplay football on the road. A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must () 2 Yoube late for school again next time. A. mustnt B. neednt 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版196 C. dont have to D. dont need to () 3 -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you_ . A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not 4 () 1 His arm is all right. Hego and see the doctor. A. has not to B. dont have to C. havent to D. doesnt have to () 2 He had to give up the plan,he? A. did B. didnt C. does D. doesnt () 3 They had to walk here,they? A. mustnt B. did C. didnt D. hadnt 5 () 1 He had better stay here,he? A. didnt B. dont C. hadnt D. isnt () 2 Youd betterlate next time. A. not to be B. not be C. wont be D. dont be () 3 Youd betteryour haironce a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted () 4 Youask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版197 6 () 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? A. Here you are B. Sorry, I cant C. Yes, please D. Let me try ( ) 2 -Why dont you ask Mike to go with us? -Thanks, . A. I will B. I wont C. lean D. I may () 3 -I take the newspaper away? -No, you mustnt. Youread it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 7 ( ) 1 Excuse me._ you please pass me that cup? A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must () 2you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do ( ) 3 -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, A. Id like B. I want C. Id like to D. I do 8 () 1 Youworry about your son. He will get well soon. A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. have to () 2 The poor man needs our help,he? A. need B. neednt C. does D. doesnt 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版198 () 3 -Must we do our homework first? -No, you.You may have a rest first. A. mustnt B. neednt C. may not D. cant 参考答案：1. 1-5 AD AB B 2. 1-5 CD BC A 3. 1-3 CA A 4. 1-3 DB C 5. 1-4 CBC C 6. 1-3 BAB 7. 1-3 CCC 8. 1-3 AD B 初中英语语法专顶习题12-宾语从句1 () 1 The girls asked if theysome food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take ( ) 2 Catherine said that sheto Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been () 3 The students want to know whether theydictation today. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版199 A. had B. has. C. will have D. are () 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may () 5 Linda said the moonround the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled 2 () 1 Can you tell meyou were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that () 2 I dont knowthey have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where () 3 I hardly understand._ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who () 4 She didnt knowback soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be () 5 I dont knowhe still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D.when () 6 Do you knowthey listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how () 7 He asked metold me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose 3 () 1.They dont know _their parents are. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版200 A that B what C why D which () 2.Please tell me _what last year. A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked () 3.She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it () 4. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said () 5 Did you know _? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after ( ) 6 Cou Id you tell me ? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 参考答案：1. 1-5 ADC BC 2. 1-7 CB BA A AC 3. 1-6 B D B A A C 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版201 初中英语语法专项习题13-状语从句1 () 1 The meeting didnt starteveryone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if () 2 The boy _ to bed his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until () 3 I wont believe youI have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when () 4 Hehomeshe was satisfiedhis answer yesterday. A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; to C. doesnt go; before; with D. didnt go; until; to () 5 Heback until the workdone. A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. wont be; will be D. wont be; is () 6 They didnt start the worktheir teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if 2 () 1 Tom will call me as soon as heShanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to () 2 Im sure hell come to see me before heBeijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves () 3 I will tell him the news as soon as heback. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版202 3 () 1 Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It_ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought, C. was bought; has bought. D. has had; was bought () 2 When he got to the station, the train _ . A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left () 3 The boy told his father what hein the street. A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see () 4WeTV when the telephone _. A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang () 5 By the end of last term, Iten books. A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read 4 () 1 I you for a long time. Whereyou二A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have; gone C. havent seen; have; been D. havent seen; have; gone () 2 TomChina for 3 years. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at () 3 I wont go to see the film tonight, because Imy ticket. A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版203 () 4 -Hello! May I speak to Bob? -Sorry, but hefor a month. A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away () 5 Ihim since I began to live in the city. A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know () 6 Zhao Lanalreadyin this school for two years. A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying 5 () 1 Betty didnt go to see the film yesterdayshe was ill. A. because B. but C. until D. if () 2 May I sit nearerI can see more clearly? A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so () 3you work hard, you will certainly succeed. A. Though B. If C. Because D. For () 4he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English. A. While B. When C. Since D. After () 5 Id like to go swimmingthe water is not too cold. A. for B. unless C. if D. whether 6 () 1 There aremany league members in class 2in Class 4. A. both; and B.so; that C. either; or D. as; as 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版204 () 2 -Do you have a big library? -No, we dont. At least, notyours. A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as () 3 Suzhou is notbeautifulHangzhou. A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than () 4 Iron is more usefulany other metal. A. as B. than C. then D. so 7 () 1 I want to knowshe is going to see a film. A. if B. that C. what D. which () 2 You are sure to pass the examyou study hard. A. if B. thoughC. that D. since () 3 Ill go to see the film with youI have time this evening. A. whether B. so C. if D. when () 4you study harder, youll never pass the final exam. A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except 8 () 1 Although it was raining, o o still worked in the fields. A. but they B. and they C. they D. and yet they () 2there were only five soldiers left at the front,they went on fighting. A. Because; so B. If; and C. Though; but D. Though;/ () 3she is very old,she can still work eight hours a day. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版205 A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet D. Though; yet 9 () 1 Please answer the question in a loud enough voiceall the class may hear. A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and () 2 Lift it upI may see it. A. though B. so that C. as D. than () 3 I hurriedI wouldnt be late for class. A. so B. so that C. if D. unless () 4 We should go by buswe can get there earlier. A. as soon as B. where C. in order that D. as 10 () 1 The dictionary is so expensiveI cant buy it. A. because B. when C. that D. if ( ) 2 I got therelateI didnt see him. A. too; to B. such; that C. so; that D. so; as ( ) 3 It ishot in the roomwe have to go out for a walk. A. such; that B. so; that C. as; as D. such; as () 4 He hasan interesting book that we want to read it. A. so B. such C. the same D. as 参考答案：1. 1-6 B D B A D A 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版206 2. 1-3 CD B 3. 1-5 DB CB A 4. 1-6 C B B D B C 5. 1-5 ABB CC 6. 1-4 DAB B 7. 1-4 A AC C 8. 1-3 CD D 9. 1-4 CB BC 10. 1-4 CC BB 初中英语语法专项习题14-被动语态1 ( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of Chinaon October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2 Englishin Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( )3 This English songby the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of carin Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( ) 5 New computersall over the world. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版207 A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used 2 () 1 Our room mustclean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep () 2 -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold ( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building ( ) 4 The keyon the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left () 5 Doctorsin every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need ( ) 6 His new booknext month. A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published 3 ( ) 1 Japanesein every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking ( ) 2 These papersyet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版208 () 3 The sports meetbe held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt 4 () 1 -My shoes are worn out. A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended? () 2the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are () 3these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do 5 () 1 Whyto talk about it yesterday? A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held () 2 Who was the book二A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by () 3 Wherethese boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am 6 () 1 The flowersoften. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water () 2 The books mayfor two weeks. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版209 A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow ( ) 3 The broken bikehere by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended 7 () 1 The old bridge in my hometownnext month. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt ( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday. A. is going to be shown B. will shownC. will show D. is shown ( ) 3 The old stone bridgenext week. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild 8 ( ) 1 Now these magazinesin the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept ( ) 2 The potforhot water. A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep () 3 Teain the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow () 4 The bridgestwo years ago. WO Its a Haidian top problem 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版2lO oA. is built B. built C. were built D. was built () 5 Wet clothes are oftenup near a fire in rainy weather. A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung 9 () 1 The river smells terrible. People mustdirty things into it. A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing () 2 The teapotwater. A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled () 3 Old people must be looked fter well andpolitely. A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to () 4 Old people must A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well 10 () 1 Newly-born babiesin hospital. A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care () 2 They wereat the sudden noise. A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens () 3 These wallsstone. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版211 A. are made of B. made of u C. are made into D. made into 11 () 1 Janeto sing us an American song last Saturday. A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said () 2 The papers _ to them. A. were shown B. show C. shown/ D. have shown () 3 The coather sister. A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to 12 () 1 Ifive minutes to decide whether I should go or not. A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given () 2 Good caresuch things. A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of () 3 She wi|good care_. A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you 13 ( ) 1 The teacher made himhis homework. A. to do B. do C. did D. done ( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days. A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版212 () 3 These childrendance. A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to 14 () 1 These stoneswell. A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted () 2 The bike500 yuan. A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed () 3 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year. A. washad B. was held C. held D. had 15 () 1 Great changesin the past ten years in China. A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place () 2 You cant use the computer, it A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down () 3 Great changesin our country during the past 20 years. A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened () 4 The watch has oftendown. A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell 16 () 1 Please pass me another cup. This one_. A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken () 2 The story booksby the writer in the 1960s. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版2l3 A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing ( ) 3 What timethe doorevery day? A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close 17 () 1 Can hehimself? A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of ( ) 2 He fell from his bike and_. A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. got hurt D. hurt ( ) 3 Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will_ A. burnt B. burn C. burning D. get burn 18 ( ) 1 The applevery sweet. A. is tasted B. taste -C. tastes D. are tasting () 2 Youmore beautiful in the light blue shirt. A. see B. watch C. look D. look at () 3 What you said . like a good idea. A. heard B. listened C. sound D. sounded 19 ( ) 1 -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is wortha second time. A. watching B. watched C. seen D. seeing 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版214 () 2 How dirty the tables are! They need A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned () 3 The book is worth A. seeing B. reading C. seen D. read 参考答案：1. 1-5 B DD DC 2. 1-6 B C B B C A 3. 1-3 ABB 4. 1-3 AB A 5. 1-3 B DB 6. 1-3 BAD 7. 1-3 AB A 8. 1-5 DB BCD 9. 1-4 BAD D 10. 1-3 BB A 11.1-3BAC 12. 1-3 D DB 13. 1-3BAA 14. 1-4 BC B 15. 1-4 B DA C 16. 1-3 ABC 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版215 17. 1-3 BCD 18. 1-3 CC D 19. 1-3 AC B 初中英语语法专项习题15-主谓一致1 () 1 -Have you got some water to drink? 廿ereyou are. Therestill some in the bottle. A. are B. were C. is D. was () 2there many American friends in the school last Friday? A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were () 3 Therea great many accidents last year. A. were B. are C. is D. was () 4 -How many childrenin the picture? -Three. A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there 2 () 1 In 1850, about a third of U. S. Acovered by forests. A. were B. has been C. / D. was ( ) 2 Most of our earthcovered by water. A. are B. is C. was D. were () 3 Sundaythe first day of the week. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版2l6 A. is B. are C. am D. be () 4 Neitherright. A. answers are B. answers arent C. answer is D. answer isnt 3 () 1 The population of the worldstillnow. A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown () 2 Theremany people running in the park every morning. A. is B. were C. are D. have () 3 These police oftenthe children across the street. A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helping 4 () 1going to England by air next week. A. The Green family are B. The Greens family are C. The Greens family are D. Green family are () 2 The whole familyenjoying the beautiful music now. A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all () 3 Our classbig. A. is B. are C. were D. will 5 () 1 Neither he nor Ifrom Canada. We are from Australia. A. is B. are C. am D. be () 2 Either you or heright. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版217 A. are B. is C. does D. were () 3 Neither Mary nor her brother_ good at singing. A. is B. are C. is not D. are not () 4 Not only Tom but also Alice and Marybusy. A. is B. was C. are D. has 6 () 1 Physicsinteresting to us. A. are B. has C. is D. were () 2 The newsexciting. We got excited at it. A. is B. was C. were D. are () 3 Though mathematicshard, we all work at it hard. A. are B. were C. was D. is 参考答案：1. 1-4 CD AD 2. 1-4 DB AC 3. 1-3 CC A 4. 1-3 AD A 5. 1-4 CB AC 6. 1-3 CB D 初中英语语法专项习题16语言交际【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版218 1 () 1 -Hows everything going on? A. Everything is finished B. Everything is well C. Not so bad, you know D. Not doing wrong; you know ( ) 2 -Hello, Kate. How was your birthday? -.What about you? A. Very well, thank you B. Happily, in London C. Its great, thanks D. Im pleasure 2 ( ) 1 -Im sorry I broke your mirror. -Oh, really? A. Its Ok with me B. Dont be sorry C. I dont care at all D. It doesnt matter ( ) 2 -Im sorry to trouble you. A. The same to you. B. What a pity! Im sorry to hear that. C. It doesnt matter. What is it? D. Thanks a lot. ( ) 3 -Hi, Tom,丿ohnsends his regards to your parents. A. Thats kind of him. B. Thats kind of you. C. Of course. D. How are you? () 4 -Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me. 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版2l9 A. No thanks, please. B. Im glad you like it. C. Please dont say so. D. No, its not so good. ( ) 5 -You need my help? A. No, thanks.B. Yes, but I dont need your help. C. No, its very kind of you. D. Yes, but I can manage. 3 ( ) 1 -May I draw it now? A. Yes, thanks. B. You are welcome. C. Do, please. D. Yes, you may. ( ) 2 -Please pass me the dictionary. A. Thats right. B. Here you are. C. Not at all. D. Its a pleasure. ( ) 3 -Would you like me to fetch you something to read? A. Go ahead, please. B. No problem. C. That would be nice. D. Youre welcome. ( ) 4 -will you do me the honour of dancing with me? A. Oh, its very kind of you. B. Thats a good idea. C. Id love to, but I am wanted on the phone. D. Thank you all the same. () 5 -Shall we go to see Mr Green tomorrow afternoon? 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版220 A. Its very kind of you. B. You are all right. C. Thats great. D. It doesnt matter. 4 () 1 -Would you mind if I smoke here? _,but I think youd better do it over there. A. Yes, please B. Im sorry C. Certainly not D. No, go ahead () 2 -Wouldnt you like to go to the party with me? A. No, I never B. Yes, please C. Yes, Id be glad to D. Yes, I would like () 3 -Why not come here on Saturday? I think youd like it. A. Thats all right B. Never mind C. Thats a good idea D. No problem ( ) 4 -Could you tell me the way to the railway station? A. Make sure B. If you like C. Sure D. Never mind () 5 -Id like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr Smith. A. Oh, no. Lets not B. Id rather stay at home C. Im very sorry, but I have other plans D. Oh, no. Thatll be too much trouble 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版221 5 () 1二？-He is a nice person. A. What does your new teacher look like B. Whats your new teacher like C. How is your new teacher D. What is your new teacher look like ( ) 2 -Do you think I could borrow your dictionary? A. Yes, I do B. Of course not C. Yes, you could D. Help yourself ( ) 3 -Excuse me, Madame. I wonder if this bus goes to the East Lake. -. You should take a Bus No. 521. A. Sure, it does B. No, it isnt C. Oh, sorry. Im afraid not D. What a pity! Its not true ( ) 4 -What does your new house look like? A. It looks well B. It looks like a cave C. It is bright and large D. I dont like it ( ) 5 -How about going out for a walk? A. Yes, I will. B. Taking a walk is good for us. C. Why not? D. Ill go out for a walk. ( ) 6 -How do you like your English teacher? 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版222 A. Like him B. Yes, I do C. Hes very tall D. Hes very kind 6 ( ) 1 -I would like a cup of tea. A. I, too B. I did so C. Me, too D. Me, either ( ) 2 -He likes playing football. A. So am I B. So did IC. So do I D. So I do () 3 Istaying at homegoing there, for it is raining heavily. A. prefer; than B. like better; to C. prefer; to D. like best; than 7 () 1 -Im terribly sorry to have kept you waiting so long, Tom. A. Not at all 8. You are welcome C. This doesnt matter D. Never mind () 2 -Im sorry I lost your pen. -Oh,?Thats all right. A. yes 8. sorry C. really D. sure ( ) 3 -Im sorry I broke your pencil. A. It doesnt matter B. Thank you C. Excuse me D. Parden 8 ( ) 1 -A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版223 A. You have some happy holidays, too, sir B. Thank you, sir. The same to you C. Thanks, sir. The best of luck to you D. Thats very kind of you to say so ( ) 2 -Have a good day, Mum. -Thanks. A. Youre welcome B. Its nice of you C. Thats OK D. The same to you () 3 -Happy New Year. A. You are good B. The same to you C. Glad to see you D. Here you are 9 ( ) 1 -Lets go to the cinema. _ Lets go. A. No, thank you. B. Sorry. C. Is it possible? D. Why not? () 2 -Lets listen to my new type, shall we? A. Any time will do B. Its right C. That sounds like a good idea D. Thats all right ( ) 3 -Dont get near to it. Its too dangerous. A. Yes, I wont B. No, I dont C. No, I cant D. No, L wont 224 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版() 4 -Ill go skating this weekend. A. Can you fish? B. Have a good time. C. No, Im too busy. D. Dont give up now. 10 () 1 -Would you mind passing me the book? A. No, not at all B. No, I would C. Yes, Id love to D. Oh, yes. Here you are. ( ) 2 -Would you like to go fishing with us this Sunday? -Yes, A. would B. I would like C. Id like to D. I like to ( ) 3 -Would you like to have some more fish? A. Im fine, thank you B. No, thanks, Im full C. You are welcome D. OK, here you are 参考答案：1. 1-2 CC 2. 1-5 DC AB A 3. 1-5 CBC CC 4. 1-5 BC CCC 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版225 5. 1-6 B D C C C D 6. 1-3 CCC 7. 1-3 DC A 8. 1-3 B DB 9. 1-4 DC DB 10. 1-3 AC B 226 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版初中英语语法综合练习题（有答案）单项选择1、Theboy likes questions. A. ask B . answer C . to ask 2、Wel ltry there on time. A . to get B . getting C . got 3、Theyhoped their mother soon. A . to see B . saw C . seeing 227 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版4、Imglad you again. A . meet B. met C . to meet 5、Heoften helps me my bike. A . mending B . to mend C . to mended 6、Iheard Alice in the next door. A . sings B . sang C . sing 7、Thework is easy. Let him it by himself. A . do B . to do C . doing 8、Hesaw Dick in and take a book away. A . came B . coming C . come 9、DoesJack want a writer? A . be B. is C . to be 10、Theboss had them from morning to night. 228 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版A . worked B . working C . work 11、Itstime home. A . to go B . went C . going 12、Tomis kind. He would like you. A . to help B . help C . helped 13、Dontforget your books to school. A . bring B . to bring C . brought 14、Idont know A . where does he live B . what is he doing C . where he lives D . what he is dring it 15、Askhim how much 229 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版A . did it cost B . cost it C . it costed D . it costs 6、Iwonder used for. A . what was this room B . which was this room C . what this room was D . that this room was 17、Ireally dont know A . where he was born B . where he is born C . where was he born D . where is he born 18、Wehave no iden A . how worried was he B . how worried he was C . that was he worried D . what was he worried 19、Hewanted to know there. A . how long time I had been B . how long had I been C . how long I had been D . how long I was 230 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版20、Mymother wants to know A . how is Tom getting along B . how he is getting along C . what is he getting along D . what he is getting along 21、Whatshall we do it rains tomorrow? A . if B . when C . since 22、Thedoctor didnt have a rest the operation was over. A . before B . after C . until 23、Shedidnt go to the cinema she was very busy. A . when B . until C . because 24、Hisparents didnt send their children to school life was hard. A . if B . while C . because 25、Finishdoing your homework you go to bed. A . before B . until C . after 26、Thefilm was interesting all of us wanted to see it again. A . as, as B . so, that C . such, that 231 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版27、he heard a girl crying for help outside, he rushed out of the room. A . Before B . As soon as C . after 28、Thereare students in Class One in Class Two. A . as many, than B . as much, as C . more, than D . so many, as 29、I was watching TV, my sister was litening to the radio programme. A . After B . While C . Before 30、Letswait for him he back. A . until, will come B . until, came C . if, will come D . until, comes 31、Illremember her the letter. A . give B . gave C . to give 32、Heturned on the radio and stopped to the radio. A . listened B . to listen C . listening 232 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版33、Hehad decided it again. A . written B . writing C . to write 34、Itscold. You need warm clothes. A . to wear B . wearing C . wore 35、MrBlack mill agree there with you. A . to go B . went C . will go 36、Theywere able to last year. A . swam B . swim C . swimming 37、Sheis pleased her friend. A . to meet B . met C . meeting 38、Theywere sorry that. A . to hear B . heard C . hearing 233 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版39、Heis sure tomorrow. A . to come B . will come C . coming 40、Teachertold us quiet. A . is B . are C . to be 41、Hewill teach me this year. A . to skate B . skating C . skated 42、Theyasked him any noise. A . not making B . no make C . not to make 43、Didyou hear her the song in English last night? A . sing B . sang C . to sing D . sings 44、Thestudents dont know next. A . to do what B . what to do 234 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版C . what do D . do what 45、Theboss made them ten hours a day. A . worked B. working C . work D . to work 46、Idlike my good friend to my home. A . come B. will come C . coming D . to come 47、Willyou help me this morning? A . do the wash B . to do the wash C . do the washing D . doing the washing 48、Idlove that film, will it be on tomorrow? A . see B . to see C . seeing D . seen 49、Hetold them on with the work. A . to go B . going C . go D . went 235 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版so、Welltry the work before seven oclock. A . finished B . finish C . to finish D . finishing 51、Itsraining hard. Youd better A . go out B . not go out C . no to go out D . to not go out 52、Thismaths problem is difficult. Let me it over. A . to think B . thinking C . think D . thought 53、SorryIve kept you for a long time. A . wait B . to wait C . waiting D . waited 54、Itsnot easy a foreign language. A . learns B . learn C . to learn D . learning 55、Thedoctor was busy on the woman at that time. A . operate B . operating C . to operate D . operated 236 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版56、Imhungry. Please give me something A . eat B . eating C . to eat D . eaten 57、MrSmith enjoys to light music. A . listens B . to listen C . listening D . listen 58、Itwas very late at night he still went on A . works B . worked C . working D . work 59、Whenthey walked along the river, they suddenly heard somebody for help. A . call B . calling C . called D . to call 60、Stopand listen to me carefully said the teacher. A . to talk B . talking C . talk D . talks 237 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版61、Theteacher asked me the question in English. A . answer B . to answer C . answered D . answering 62、Itwas eleven oclock, she stopped the child from TV. A . watch B . watching C . to watch D . watched 63、Heis strong enougn the box. A . carry B . to carry C . carrying D . carries 64、Pleasebe quiet. You talk loudly in the library. A . neednt B . mustnt C . need D . must 65、Dontbe late. You be there on time. A . must B . can C . may D . neednt 238 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版66” 、I speak to Ann? Speaking. A . Must B . May C . Need D . Shall 67、Ivelooked for my pen everywhere, but I find it. A .couldnt B.cant C .mustnt D .didnt 68、Excuseme I ask you a question? A .will B .do C .may D .would 69、Thisscience book good care of. A . must be take B . must take C . must be taken D . must to be taken 70、“MustI finish my homework now? No, you A . mustnt B . cant C . neednt D . may not 239 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版71、You must be here at six tomorrow morning. Sorry I be here so early. A . need B . must C . may D . cant 72、youanswer the telephone, please? A . Must B . May C . Need D . Could 73、Dontbe late. You be there on time. A . must B . can C . may D . neednt 74、WeA .can 75、Thiswatch A . can mended catch up with you. Please speak a little more slowly. B . cant C . may not next Monday. B . can be mended 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版D . must 240 C . can be mend D . can be mending 76、Thestars in the daytime. A . cant be see B. cant see C . cant be saw D . cant be seen 77、Tomwas very hungry he ate all the cakes. A . and B . but C . so D . or 78、Theteacher is very tired she is still working very hard. A . but B . so C . and D . or 79、MrWang has worked there it opened. A . because B . since C . for D . so 241 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版80、Wellgo to visit the Great Wall it doesnt rain tomorrow. A . since B . before C . when D . if 81、Icame into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. A . When B . While C . Which D . Since 82、Itsa long time we met last. A . before B . after C . since D . so 83、Ididnt watch TV I finished my work. A . after B . when C . while D . until 84、Ihear easy. A . that physics isnt B . if physics isnt C . what physics is D . that physics 242 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版85、Shetole me her teacher. A . Mr Green is B . that Mr Green is C . if Mr Green was D . Mr Green was 86、Doyou know to that post offece? A . How much is it B . how far it is C . how far is it D . how long it is 87、Doyou remember how many times to America? A . have you been B . had you been C . did you go D . you have been 88、Ididnt know in the classroom. A . is she B . if she is C . if was she D . if she was 243 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版89、Doesanybody know for Xian tomerrow? A . if is Licy leaving B. if Lucy leaves C . that Lucy is leaving D . that Licy leaves 90、Doyou know back soon? A . when she will come B . if will she come C . if she will come D . if she comes 91、Iheard badly hurt. A . that his son is B . if his son was C . that his son was D . if his son was 92、Imnot sure this way. A . the word can be used B . if can the word be used C . if the word can be used D . that the word can be used 244 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版93、Idont know A . whats his name B . what name is his C . what his name is D . what was his name 94、Doyou know A . why is your friend C . why your friend is 95、Doyou know so worried? B . why was your friend D . how is your friend 7 A . whose clild he is B . whose child is he C . whose clild he is D . whos child he is 96、Heasked which picture A . Is Mikes B . Mikes was C . was Mikes D . Mikes is 245 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版97、Canyou tell me how often A . does he go B . he goes 98、Theteacher didnt tell me A . if we are going C . that we are going to see his brother? C . he go D . he is to have a test next week. B . if we were going D . we are going 1 ?D5 CAACB 6?D10 CACCC ll?D15 AABBD 16?D20 CAB CB 31?D35 CBCAA 46?D50 DCBAC 617D65 BBB BA 767D80 DCABD 91 ?D95 CCC CA 21 ?D25 ACCDA 367D40 BAAAC 51 ?D55 BCCCB 66?070 BBC CC 817D85 ACDAD 967D98 CBB 267D30 BBCBD 4l?D45 ACABC 567D60 CCCBB 717D75 DDABB 86?090 BDDCC 246 【AAA】最新初中英语语法讲义全面梳理版