1. 1. 明明 喻喻SIMILE关于英语关于英语Simile，有两点须加以说明：，有两点须加以说明：一、一、Simile( (明喻明喻) )通常由三部分构成，即本体通常由三部分构成，即本体(tenor或或subject)、喻体、喻体(vehicle或或reference)和和比喻词比喻词(comparative word) 或或(indicator of resemblance)。可图示如下：。可图示如下：Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: (tenor) (comparative word) (vehicle) those who are without want to get in, and those within want to get out. ( P. M. Quitard)引导明喻的比喻词引导明喻的比喻词(comparative words)( 1 ) 介词介词as，like，of等。等。 I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils )我像一朵浮云独自漫游。我像一朵浮云独自漫游。They are as like as two peas.他们两个长得一模一样。他们两个长得一模一样。His young daughter looks as red as a rose.他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。英语里有不少含有明喻的成语，其英语里有不少含有明喻的成语，其结构为结构为as+形容词形容词+as+名词。例如：名词。例如：as firm as a rockas light as a featheras close as an oysteras mute as a fishas strong as a horseas cool as a cucumberas sober as a judgeas sure as a gun坚如磐石坚如磐石轻如鸿毛轻如鸿毛守口如瓶守口如瓶噤若寒蝉噤若寒蝉强壮如牛强壮如牛泰然自若泰然自若十分清醒十分清醒千真万确千真万确He works 1ike a horsebeaverTrojanblack. 他拼命地干活。他拼命地干活。They spent money like water. 他们挥金如土。他们挥金如土。He talks like a book. 他老是文绉绉地说话。他老是文绉绉地说话。He eats like a horse. 他吃得很多。他吃得很多。 He smokes 1ike a chimney. 他抽烟很厉害。他抽烟很厉害。Life is like a yo-yo.生活是一个悠悠球生活是一个悠悠球,充满一连串的起伏不充满一连串的起伏不定。定。 He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him to crow. ( George Eliot )他这人就像一只他这人就像一只_公鸡，以为太阳公鸡，以为太阳升起是为了它的啼叫。升起是为了它的啼叫。骄傲的骄傲的He has a heart of stone.他有一副铁石心肠。他有一副铁石心肠。 He has the heart of a 1ion, but he does everything in a down-to-earth way. 他有狮子般的勇气，但办事十分认真。他有狮子般的勇气，但办事十分认真。 He is sometimes bad-tempered but really hes got a heart of gold.有时候他似乎脾气不好，但他的心眼可有时候他似乎脾气不好，但他的心眼可好了。好了。( 2 ) 连词连词as (犹如犹如)，what (犹如犹如)，as if, as though, than, and, the way 等。等。Air is to man as water is to fish.人离不开空气，犹如鱼离不开水。人离不开空气，犹如鱼离不开水。Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. （Sir Richard Steel ）读书对于思想，好比运动对于身体一样重要。读书对于思想，好比运动对于身体一样重要。A word and a stone let go cannot be recalled.说出的话犹如抛出的石，是收不回的。说出的话犹如抛出的石，是收不回的。 ( 3 ) 动词动词seem，resemble (名词名词resemblance)，treathonourregardconsiderrespect as，compare to，liken to，pass(胜过胜过)，remind of，be similar to，等。等。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage( Wood )他把孩子当成他把孩子当成掌上明珠掌上明珠。He treats his child as the apple in the eye. ( 4 ) 词组词组maymight as well（as）(做做就好像就好像做做)，no morelessthannot any morethan(如同如同一样一样) ，so speakas it were (可以说，可以比喻地说可以说，可以比喻地说)。He never listensyou might as well talk to a brick (as talk to him).他根本不听他根本不听 同他讲话就好像同一堵墙讲话一样。同他讲话就好像同一堵墙讲话一样。A home without love is no more than a body without a soul.没有爱的家庭无异于一个没有灵魂的躯体。没有爱的家庭无异于一个没有灵魂的躯体。He is, as it were, a walking dictionary.可以说，他是一本活词典可以说，他是一本活词典