专专 题题 四四出彩多样的句式：简单句、并列复合句和主从复合句目目录录第第第第3 3 3 3讲讲讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句主从复合句主从复合句 1 1命题点命题点1 宾语从句宾语从句2 2命题点命题点2 2 状语从句状语从句3 3命题点命题点3 3 定语从句定语从句返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句知识导图知识导图返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句命题点命题点1 宾语从句宾语从句(必考：每年必考：每年12道；单选、连词成句道；单选、连词成句)中考试练中考试练 (20152020)1. (2020河河北北40题题)My cousin will drive me to school today, but I dont know_A. what hell do B. where hell goC. when well leave D. why well go there河河北北6 6 年年真真题题C返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句2. (2018河河北北35题题)Hi, Ken. Did Mrs. Zhang tell us _？Yes. She said we should meet there at nine.A. which was the way to the stationB. why we should meet at the stationC. when we should get to the stationD. who we should meet at the stationC返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句3. (2016河河北北40题题)Im planning a trip to the beach tomorrow, but still cant decide _.A. where Im going B. how Im goingC. why Im planning D. when Im planning4. (2015河河北北39题题)Its important for us to know _ all the subjects.Yeah, group work is my favorite.A. how to study B. when to studyC. which to study D. what to studyBA返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句5. (2015河北河北40题题)Could you tell me_？Talking about festivals.A. how they are playing B. what they are doingC. where they are going D. why they are practicing6. (2019河北河北85题题)win, I, the game, believe, theyll_.7. (2017河北河北85题题)I, take a walk, think, after, we, supper, should_.BI believe theyll win the gameI think we should take a walk after supper返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句8. Doris, do you know _？ I cant remember the exact time.A. why Alice will leaveB. where Alice will goC. when Alice will arriveD. if Alice will attend the meetingC拓拓 展展 提提 升升返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句9. Hi, Judy. Can you tell me _？I helped them sweep the floor.A. why you helped the oldB. how you helped the oldC. why you went thereD. when you went thereB返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句10. My father asked me _. I told him I really had fun.A. where I went with my friendsB. when I came back tonightC. how I played in the gameD. if I enjoyed myself at the partyD返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句11. Do you know _？ I think Im lost.A. where the supermarket isB. when the supermarket opensC. what the supermarket isD. why the supermarket opensA返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句12. Tom sent his grandmother a gift last week, but he didnt know _.A. whether she had enjoyed itB. where she had bought itC. why she had chosen itD. how she had studied itA返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句13. Im not sure _. Its up to my friends.A. why we visited the Great WallB. why we will visit the Great WallC. when we visited the Great WallD. when we will visit the Great Wall14. Do you know _ yesterday? I want to know the reason.A. why he leaves B. why he leftC. how he leaves D. how he leftDB返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句15. I cant find the key to the car. I forget _.A. where I put it B. when I put itC. where I will put it D. when I will put it16. Did Alice tell you _ to the station? Ride a bike or take a bus?A. how to get B. what to get C. when to get D. where to getAA返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句17. We are planning to go for a picnic in the park. Lets discuss _.A. why to start B. what to start C. when to start D. which to start18. he, lie, I, to, guess, a, you, told_.CI guess he told a lie to you返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句19. cant, the exam, Im, pass, he, afraid_.20. returned, on time, Im, book, sure, the, I_.21. parents, I, your, feelings, hurt, think, you_.22. would, you, Lisa, visit, said, come, she, to_.Im afraid he cant pass the examIm sure I returned the book on timeI think you hurt your parents feelingsLisa said she would come to visit you返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句分分析析河河北北近近6年年中中考考真真题题可可知知，宾宾语语从从句句在在单单项项选选择择、词词语语运运用用和和连连词词成成句句中中考考查查。在在单单项项选选择择中中侧侧重重考考查查其其引引导导词词、语语序序和和时时态态，一一般般都都会会涉涉及及至至少少两两个个考考查查点点：引引导导词词语语意意(2020.40, 2018.35, 2016.40, 2015.40); 引引 导导 词词 (2018.76, 2015.39)。针针对对单单项项选选择择，首首先先根根据据所所给给的的四四个个选选项项判判断断是是否否考考查查宾宾语语从从句句。若若四四个个选选项项均均为为完完整整的的句句子子或或者者“疑疑问问词词to do”形形式式，则则判判断断其其考考查查宾宾语语从从句句；再再从从语语境境和和时时态态两两方方面面入入手。手。满分突破满分突破第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录1 1考向考向宾语从句三大考点宾语从句三大考点(6年年7考考)1. 引导词引导词(2018.76)引导词引导词用法用法例句例句thatthat引导宾语从句时，在引导宾语从句时，在句中不充当任何成分，只句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，可以省略。起连接作用，可以省略。I believe (that) April is the hottest month in Thailand.人人教教 九九(全全)Unit 2 P12whether/if当表示对宾语从句所表达当表示对宾语从句所表达的内容不确定时。的内容不确定时。I dont know whether he will come home for the festival or not.鲁教八鲁教八(下下)Unit 5 P36第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录引导词引导词用法用法例句例句连接代词连接代词(what/which/who/whose/whom等等)在从句中作一定的成在从句中作一定的成分，分， 如：主语、宾语、如：主语、宾语、定语等。定语等。I want to know what they are going to do.连接副词连接副词when (表时间表时间)/where(表地点表地点)/why(表原因表原因)(2018.76)/how(表方式表方式)在从句中作状语。在从句中作状语。I wonder how I should deal with my problem. 译林牛津译林牛津 九九(上上)Unit 3 P40返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句2. 语序语序从从句句中中必必须须用用陈陈述述句句语语序序， 即即“连连接接词词主主语语谓谓语语其其他他部部分分”。如：。如：I dont know where he lives. 连接词连接词 主语主语 谓语谓语返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句3. 时态时态(遵循三大原则遵循三大原则)(1)需需要要性性原原则则：主主句句是是现现在在时时(包包括括一一般般现现在在时时、现现在在进进行行时时、现在完成时现在完成时)，从句时态随句意。如：，从句时态随句意。如：I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday. 我听说乔昨天去北京了。我听说乔昨天去北京了。I hear Joe will leave for Beijing next week. 我听说乔下周将去北京。我听说乔下周将去北京。返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句(2)呼呼应应性性原原则则：主主句句是是过过去去时时(包包括括一一般般过过去去时时、过过去去进进行行时时)，从句相应地用过去的某种时态。如：从句相应地用过去的某种时态。如：Jane said she was shopping at this time yesterday. 简简说说她她昨昨天天这这个个时候在购物。时候在购物。(3)特特殊殊性性原原则则：从从句句表表示示客客观观事事实实、真真理理或或自自然然现现象象，无无论论主主句句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：Our teacher said that light travels faster than sound. 我我们们老老师师说说光光传播的速度比声音快。传播的速度比声音快。返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句“疑疑问问词词动动词词不不定定式式”结结构构中中的的疑疑问问词词，包包括括疑疑问问代代词词what, which 和和疑疑问问副副词词how, when, where，why等等。这这些些疑疑问问词词和和不不定定式式一一起起构构成成了了不不定定式式短短语语，可可在在句句子子中中作作主主语语、宾宾语语、表表语语等等。如如：I asked him when to leave for China.我问他什么时候去中国。我问他什么时候去中国。“疑疑问问词词不不定定式式”作作宾宾语语时时可可以以转转化化为为宾宾语语从从句句。如如：Could you please tell me how to get to the post office？Could you please tell me how I can get to the post office？你你能能告告诉诉我我邮邮局局怎怎么么走吗？走吗？人教九人教九(全全)Unit 3 P192 2考向考向疑问词动词不定式疑问词动词不定式(2015.39)返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句 (20152020)23. (2018河河北北29题题)Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands _ you eat.A. until B. after C. while D. beforeD命题命题点点2 状语从句状语从句(必考：每年必考：每年1道；单选、完形道；单选、完形)中考试练中考试练河河北北6 6 年年真真题题返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句24. (2017河河北北34题题)Mom wont let Dick go out _ he promises to be back by 10：00 tonight.A. if B. when C. since D. unlessD返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句25. I still remember my first teacher _ we havent seen each other for many years.A. before B. because C. since D. though26. _ our parents will come to our graduating party next week, well be very happy.A. Since B. If C. Until D. UnlessD拓拓 展展 提提 升升B返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句27. A car suddenly appeared around the corner _ the lights were changing to red.A. after B. before C. while D. until28. Nick has learned a lot about Chinese culture _ he came to China.A. before B. as C. becauseD. since29. _ my grandpa is over 80 years old, he still looks strong and healthy.A. Although B. Because C. Unless D. SinceCDA返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句30. We are all proud of little Mary _ she won the first prize in the dance competition.A. unless B. until C. because D. before31. My neighbor always feels lonely _ his children moved to another city.32. We are supposed to share some housework with our parents _ we have free time.Cafterwhen返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句分分析析河河北北近近6年年中中考考真真题题可可知知，状状语语从从句句会会在在单单项项选选择择和和完完形形填填空空中中与与从从属属连连词词结结合合起起来来去去考考查查。选选项项设设置置是是常常见见的的不不同同类类的的从从属属连连词词的的用用法法辨辨析析。考考生生在在解解答答此此类类试试题题时时，首首先先应应分分析析语语境境，弄弄清清前前后后句句之之间间的的逻逻辑辑关关系系，再再根根据据每每个个选选项项的的用用法法确定答案。确定答案。满分突破满分突破第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录1考向考向引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句(6年年4考考)连词连词( (短语短语) ) 含义及用法含义及用法 例句例句before(2018.29，2015.49)在在之前。表示主句之前。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动的动作发生在从句的动作之前作之前They need to think before they act and make good decisions for themselves. 上海牛津九上海牛津九(下下)Unit 6 P63when(2019.36)当当的时候；引导的的时候；引导的从句可以用延续性动词，从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用短暂性动词也可以用短暂性动词When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner. 人教八人教八(下下)Unit 5 P36第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录连词连词( (短语短语) ) 含义及用法含义及用法 例句例句while(2016.49)正当正当时；正在时；正在时。引导时。引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时性动词，且常用进行时While John was taking photos, Mary bought a drink. 鲁教八鲁教八(上上)Unit 3 P20as当当时。表示一件事情正在发时。表示一件事情正在发生，另一件事情也在进行中，通生，另一件事情也在进行中，通常只用于一般过去常只用于一般过去As time passed, things seemed to get better.after在在之后。表示主句的动作发之后。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后生在从句的动作之后He became an English teacher after he graduated from school. 第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录连词连词( (短语短语) ) 含义及用法含义及用法 例句例句until / till直到直到。常用在。常用在“not.until.” 结构中，表示结构中，表示“直到直到才才”Im really tired because I studied until midnight last night. 人教八人教八(下下)Unit 4 P25since自自以来。主句用现在完以来。主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时成时，从句用一般过去时Youve been happy since I first met you. 译林牛津九译林牛津九(上上)Unit 4 P55as soon as一一就就。引导的从句。引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时般将来时I will give you a call as soon as I arrive home.第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录2 2考向考向引导条件状语从句引导条件状语从句(2020.44,2017.34)连词连词( (短语短语) ) 含义及用法含义及用法 例句例句if (2020.44) “如果如果”。从句用一般。从句用一般现在时，主句通常用现在时，主句通常用一般将来时一般将来时 If he practices it, his handwriting will certainly improve. 外研外研 九九(下下)Module 7 P61第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录连词连词( (短语短语) ) 含义及用法含义及用法 例句例句unless(2017.34) “如果不，除非如果不，除非”。unless可以转化为可以转化为if.not.结构。主从句结构。主从句时态与时态与if用法一致用法一致 Unless you get enough sleep every night, you will not remember things well. 上海牛津上海牛津 八八(上上)Unit 7 P109as long as“只要只要”。主从句时态与。主从句时态与if用法一致用法一致 You wont have to worry about the final exam as long as you work hard. 外研九外研九(下下) Module 1 P2第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录3 3考向考向引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句(近近6年未考查年未考查)连词连词( (短语短语) ) 含义及用法含义及用法 例句例句though虽然。引导让步状语虽然。引导让步状语从句时，不能与从句时，不能与but同时使用同时使用Though we are going to part, our friendship will always remain. 冀教九冀教九(全全)Unit 10 P151第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录连词连词( (短语短语) ) 含义及用法含义及用法 例句例句although尽管。引导让步状语从句尽管。引导让步状语从句时，不能与时，不能与but同时使用同时使用Although milk is good, you should not drink too much of it. 上海牛津九上海牛津九(上上)Unit 5 P72 even though/if即使。引导让步状语从句即使。引导让步状语从句时，不能与时，不能与but同时使用同时使用 Even though I am sad that junior high is over, I look forward to new experiences in senior high! 鲁教九鲁教九(全全)Unit 10 P80第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录4 4考向考向引导原因状语从句引导原因状语从句(近近6年未考查年未考查)连词连词含义及用法含义及用法例句例句because因为，表示造成某种情况的直因为，表示造成某种情况的直接原因，回答接原因，回答why引导的问句，引导的问句，不能和不能和so同时使用同时使用I often exercise at the park because I love the clean air and sunshine. 人教人教七七(下下) Unit 8 P47since既然，语气比既然，语气比because弱，表示弱，表示对方已知或众所周知的原因对方已知或众所周知的原因Since we have no idea about this problem, lets ask Mr. Wang for help. as由于，因为。语气比由于，因为。语气比since弱，弱，表示众所周知的原因，引导的表示众所周知的原因，引导的从句位于主句前后均可从句位于主句前后均可As it was getting late, I decided to leave now. 第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录5 5考向考向引导方式状语从句引导方式状语从句(近近6年未考查年未考查)连词连词( (短语短语) ) 含义含义 例句例句as照照的的方式方式You will work out this problem faster if you do as what I told you. as if/ though似乎，好似乎，好像像Everything in my childhood crowded in my mind as if they had just happened. 第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录6 6考向考向引导结果状语从句引导结果状语从句(近近6年未考查年未考查)连连词词短语短语含义含义用法用法例句例句so.that. 如此如此以至于以至于 so修饰的中心词是形修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，结构容词或副词，结构为为“soadj./adv.that.”。可与。可与too.to结构互换结构互换He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. He was too angry to say a word. 第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录连连词词短语短语含义含义用法用法例句例句such.that. 如此如此以以至于至于 such修饰的中心词是名修饰的中心词是名词，结构为词，结构为“sucha/anadj.可数名词可数名词单数单数that.”或者或者“suchadj.不可数名不可数名词词/可数名词复数可数名词复数that.”She is such a lovely girl that everyone around her likes her.She is so lovely that everyone around her likes her.第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录7 7考向考向引导目的状语从句引导目的状语从句(近近6年未考查年未考查)连词短语连词短语含义及用法含义及用法例句例句so that“以便以便”。后接从句，。后接从句，只能用于句中只能用于句中 They sped up so that / in order that they could get there on time.in order that“为了为了”。后接从句，。后接从句，可用于句首或句中可用于句首或句中返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句【注注意意】在在时时间间状状语语从从句句和和条条件件状状语语从从句句中中，主主句句和和从从句句的的时时态态一一致问题一般有三种情况：致问题一般有三种情况：(1)主主将将从从现现：主主句句用用一一般般将将来来时时，从从句句用用一一般般现现在在时时。常常见见的的使使用用“主主将将从从现现”的的连连词词(组组)有有：表表时时间间：when, until, till, after, before, whenever, as soon as等。等。表条件：表条件：if, unless, as long as等。等。如如：You wont experience the beautiful things around you unless you keep your heart open. 如如果果你你不不敞敞开开心心扉扉，你你就就不不会会体体验验到周围美丽的事物。到周围美丽的事物。返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句(2)“主主祈祈/情情从从现现”：若若主主句句是是祈祈使使句句或或主主句句中中有有情情态态动动词词时时，那那么么从从句句用用一一般般现现在在时时表表示示将将来来。如如：If you keep trying, you can make progress quickly and find a lot of fun in learning it. 如如果果你继续尝试，你可以很快取得进步，并在学习中找到很多乐趣。你继续尝试，你可以很快取得进步，并在学习中找到很多乐趣。(3)since引引导导的的时时间间状状语语从从句句，主主句句一一般般用用现现在在完完成成时时，从从句句用用一一般般过过去去时时。如如：My brother has learned more about teamwork since he joined the school soccer team. 自自从从我我弟弟弟弟加加入入学校足球队以来，他学到了更多关于团队合作的东西。学校足球队以来，他学到了更多关于团队合作的东西。返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句命题命题点点3 定语从句定语从句(近近6年未考查年未考查)分分析析河河北北近近6年年中中考考真真题题可可知知，河河北北中中考考近近6年年并并未未对对定定语语从从句进行考查，但初中阶段仍需了解定语从句的相关知识。句进行考查，但初中阶段仍需了解定语从句的相关知识。第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句返回目录返回目录所作成分所作成分关系词关系词主语主语who(人人)，which(物物)，that(人人/物物)宾语宾语who/whom(人人)，which(物物),that(人人/物物)定语定语whose(人人/物物)如果从句中缺少主干成分如果从句中缺少主干成分(主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语)，补关系代词；，补关系代词；关关系代词系代词who, that, whom和和which作宾语时，可以省略。作宾语时，可以省略。1. 定语从句的关系词及其在句中所作的成分定语从句的关系词及其在句中所作的成分返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句例例1She is a girl who/that has glasses and long hair.外外研研九九(上上)Module 11 P93(先先行行词词a girl指指人人，关关系系词词在在从从句句中中作作主主语，用关系代词语，用关系代词who/that引导，此时关系代词不可省略引导，此时关系代词不可省略)例例2This is the gift that/which I bought for my brother as his birthday gift.(先先行行词词the gift指指物物，关关系系词词在在从从句句中中作作宾宾语语，用关系代词用关系代词that/which引导，也可省略关系代词引导，也可省略关系代词)返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句例例3He doesnt seem to be the man that he was ten years ago.(先先行行词词the man指指人人，关关系系词词在在从从句句中中作作表表语语，用用关关系系代代词词that引导引导)例例4 I like the building whose roof is white.(先先行行词词building指指物物，关关系系词词在在从从句句中中作作定定语语，用用关关系系代代词词whose引引导导)返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句2. 只能用只能用that而不用而不用which的情况：的情况：(1)当当先先行行词词是是不不定定代代词词all, little, much, none, few, something, everything, anything, nothing等等时时。如如：As we all know, all that can be done should be done. 众所周知，所有能做的都应该被做。众所周知，所有能做的都应该被做。(2)当当先先行行词词被被the only, the very, the right, the last等等修修饰饰时时。如如：This is the right book that I am looking for. 这正是我要找的书。这正是我要找的书。(3)当当有有序序数数词词或或形形容容词词最最高高级级修修饰饰先先行行词词时时。如如：This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen. 这这是是我我看看过过最最有有趣趣的的电影。电影。返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句(4)当当先先行行词词既既有有人人又又有有物物时时。如如：I have never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now. 我我从从没没听听说说过过你你刚才说的人和事。刚才说的人和事。(5)当当先先行行词词有有all, any, no等等限限定定词词时时。如如：All the gifts that you received yesterday should be put away. 你你昨昨天天收收到到的的所所有有礼礼物物都都应该被收起来。应该被收起来。(6)当当主主句句是是以以who或或which开开头头的的特特殊殊疑疑问问句句时时。如如：Who is the woman that is standing by the wall? 站在墙边的那位女士是谁？站在墙边的那位女士是谁？返回目录返回目录第第3 3讲讲 主从复合句主从复合句3. 指物时，只能用关系代词指物时，只能用关系代词which的情况：的情况：(1)关关系系代代词词放放在在介介词词之之后后。如如：This is the place in which I grew up. 这就是我长大的地方。这就是我长大的地方。(2)当当that或或those作作主主语语时时。如如：Those which are on the desk are English books. 桌子上的那些东西是英语书。桌子上的那些东西是英语书。