I like music that I can dance to.初三英语初三英语主讲教师主讲教师: :刘如刘如词语学习词语学习 Word Study1.preferv.更喜爱，更喜欢1)prefer+n. Iprefergroupsthatplayquietandgentlesongs.我更喜欢演唱轻柔音乐的组合Jenniferprefersmusicianswhowritetheirownlyrics.Jennifer更喜欢那些自己作词的音乐家。Whichwouldyouprefer,coffeeormilk?咖啡和牛奶，你更喜欢哪一个？2)prefersthtosth比更喜欢（to在此处是介词，后跟名词或动名词等作宾语）Iprefermilktocoffee.与咖啡相比，我更喜欢牛奶。Ipreferwalkingtocycling.我喜欢步行，不喜欢骑自行车。3)prefertodosth宁愿做某事（to在此处是动词不定式符号，后跟动词原形） Shepreferstobealoneathome.她宁愿独自在家。2.lyricn.(常pl.)lyrics歌词rhythm节奏韵律melody/tune曲调3.gentleadj.轻的,低的,轻柔的agentlevoice柔和的声音agentlebreeze柔和的微风 (人品) 和善的,亲切的,文静的Sheisgentlewithanimals.她对待动物很和善。gentleman绅士（指彬彬有礼，体贴而有教养的人）4.remindof提醒，使记起remindsbofsb/sth使某人记起/联想起Thismusicremindsmeofmychildhood.这首曲子使我想起了我的童年。Heremindsmeofhisgrandfather.他使我想起他的祖父。（我看到他就会想起他的祖父。）5.entertainmentn.乐趣, 快乐Ifyourelookingforentertainment,stayathomeandwatchTV.如果你要寻找娱乐，待在家里看电视吧。6.feature:n.面貌的一部分(眼,口,鼻等); 显著的或有特色的方面、品质或特点afeatureofonespersonality人格特征；afeatureofthelandscape地形特点7.photography.n.摄影, 摄影术 photograph.n.照片，相片photography.n.摄影, 摄影术photographer.n.摄影师8.exhibitionn.展览；展览会9.galleryn.美术馆Theartschoolheldanexhibitionofpaintingsinthegallery.那个艺术学校在美术馆举办了一个画展。10.knownadj.闻名的; 众所周知的(反义)unknownHeisknowntothepolice.他有前科。Thisistheoldestknownbuildinghere.这是此地已知最古老的建筑。11.displayv.&n.展览; 陈列ondisplay展示中, 陈列中（=onshow）12.interestv.引起的关注； 使 感兴趣Hisspeechdidntinterestmeatall.他的演说丝毫没引起我的兴趣。adj.interested/interesting感兴趣的 / 有趣的Thebookisinteresting,andIminterestedinreadingit.这本书很有意思，我对看这本书很感兴趣。13.shown.展览；展览会aflower/fashion/carshow花卉/时装/汽车展示会14.class等级；类别aworldclassphotographer一个世界级的摄影师Theirperformancewasofthefirstclass.他们的演出是一流的。afirstclasshotel头等旅馆15.suggestv.使人想到：(通过逻辑或联想)使想起或唤起；唤起Hispalefacesuggestsbadhealth.他苍白的脸使人联想到不健康。Darkcloudssuggestrain.乌云使人联想到雨。suggestthat_暗示；使人联想Hisbadmannerssuggestthatheisdrunk.从他的无礼可以看出他已经醉了。n.suggestion暗示；联想16.energyn.活力；力量adj.energetic有活力的; 精力充沛的Heisfullofenergy./Heisenergetic.他精力充沛。Iveusedupallmyenergy.我已耗尽全部精力。17.honestadj.诚实的; 真诚的Hesalwayshonestwithme.他对我总是十分诚实。Shewashonestinbusiness.她做事十分诚实。Billisanhonestboy.比尔是个诚实的孩子。Itshonestofyoutoadmithavingdoneit.你承认做了那件事，真是诚实。18.suitv.适合，符合的要求Thiscandidatedoesnotsuitourqualifications.这个候选人不符合我们的条件Theclimateheresuitsmeverywell.这儿的气候非常适合我。-DoesSundaysuityou？星期日你方便吗？-Yes,itsuitsmefine.我很方便。此外，suit可以表示“（衣服，型式等）与相配，与相称”eg.Thenewdresssuitedherverywell.那套新服装和她很相配。suit还可表示“使合于”egHesuitedhisspeechtohisaudience.他让他的演说 内容合听众的口味。 19.expectvt.期待;预料;预计 Imexpectingatelephonecall.我在等电话。ThisdictionaryismoreusefulthanIexpected.这字典比我预期的更有用。Iexpectthathewillcome.我预料他会来。 以以上上我我们们讲讲的的是是本本单单元元的的词词汇汇及及其其用用法法, , 下下面面我我们们就就本本单单元元重重点点及及难难点点短短语语和和句句子子进进行行归归纳纳分析分析: : 重点短语重点短语 Important Phrases(P4445:1-7,P4647:8-11,P48:12-25,P49:26-30)1.伴随歌唱singalongwith2.随音乐起舞dancetomusic3.轻柔的歌曲quietandgentlesongs4.比更喜欢preferto5.不同种类的音乐differentkindsofmusic6.原创音乐writeonesownmusic7.有很棒的歌词havegreatlyrics8.提醒，使记起remindof9.巴西舞蹈音乐Braziliandancemusic10.清晰的唱出歌词singthewordsclearly11.非常喜欢/享受做 enjoysthalot12.黄河YellowRiver13.多年来 overtheyears14.寻找娱乐(找乐子)lookforentertainment15.呆在家 stayathome16.一些较好的特点afewgoodfeatures17.肯定做某事 besuretodosth18.最知名的 thebestknown19.最受人喜欢的照片thebestlovedphotos20.展览，陈列 beondisplay21.在展览中intheexhibition22.世界级的摄影师aworldclassphotographer23.如此，那么 asmuch=thatmuch/somuch24.来来往往comeandgo25.许多精力lotsofenergy26.为期半年的英语课程asix-monthEnglishcourse27.太多可看可做的somuchtoseeanddo28.中国音乐会 Chinesemusicalconcert29.很适合某人 suitsbfine30.从一地送某人至另一地 takesboverto Key Points in 3a & self-check1.Ilistenedtoone(CD)calledHeartStrings.我听了一盘名叫心弦的专辑。calledHeartStrings是过去分词短语做定语，修饰oneCD.e.g.abookcalledGoneWiththeWind一本叫做飘的书amoviecalledMatrix一部名叫黑客帝国的电影2.sthisimportanttosb某事对某人很重要e.g.Thatsnotreallyimportanttome.那对我而言并不重要。Itisimportantforsbtodosth.做某事对某人来讲很重要。e.g.Itisimportantformetohaveagoodsleepeverynight.每天晚上睡个好觉对我来讲很重要。3.Hesmadesomegreatmoviesovertheyears.这些年来，他拍摄了多部精彩的片。smade=hasmade为现在完成时态。overtheyears意思是“多年来”4.Itdoeshaveafewgoodfeatures,though.然而它的确有些优点。does在句子中表示强调，意思是“真的，的确”。(do要比后面的动词念得重些)Idowanttogowithyou.我真的想跟你一起去。Shedoesknowit.她的确知道这事。Asyouknow,Idolikethatcarverymuch.如你所知，我真的喜欢那辆小汽车。如果省略，原句可写成Ithasafewgoodfeatures,though.though1)adv.inspiteofthis;however;“尽管如此，然而”，用于口语中，放在句尾。IexpectyourerightIllaskhim,though.我认为你说得对我去问问他也好。Shepromisedtophone.Iheardnothing,though.她答应要打电话来，但我没听到回信儿。2)conj.although;despitethefactthat“虽然尽管”, 放在句首或句中不与but连用Shewonthefirstprize,thoughnoneofushadexpectedit.她得了头奖，虽然这件事我们都没想到。5.besuretodosth肯定要做某事的；一定要做某事的e.g.Itissuretorain.肯定要下雨。Youresuretofailifyoudoitthatway.如果你那么做肯定要失败的。Besuretowriteandtellmeallyournews.务必来信告诉我你的消息。6.Overtheyears,weveseenmusicalgroupswithprettystrangenamescomeandgo.多年来，我们看到许多拥有相当奇怪名字的音乐组合在乐坛上来来往往。overtheyears=duringtheseyearsseesbdosth看见某人做某事，do前面省略不定式to.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事prettystrangenames相当奇怪的名字pretty，副词，意思是“相当，十分”7.Fewhavestrangernamesthanthisband.有几支乐队的名字比这支乐队更奇怪。few是代词，“有一点儿”；修饰可数名词，相当于fewbands.8.Asthenamesuggests,thebandhaslotsofenergy.正如乐队的名字所暗示的那样，这支乐队非常具有活力。9.Theresjustsomuchtoseeanddohere.在这里有许多可看可做的事。本课的语法重点是定语从句本课的语法重点是定语从句, , 下面的图示让大家下面的图示让大家先从感性上了解一下先从感性上了解一下, , 然后我们再作进一步讲解然后我们再作进一步讲解: :1.GrammarFocus:AttributiveClause1.Trytofindouttherulesofusing“that”and“who”.Trytoanalyzesomeofthesentences.e.g.Ihaveanapple.+AnappleisredI have an apple that isred.Ihaveanapple+(that)isred.修饰先行词anapplee.g.Ilikemyfriends.+Myfriendslikesports.-Ilikefriendswholikesports.Ilikemyfriends+(who)likesports.修饰先行词myfriends2.Therules:1)2)关系代词who/that的作用：a.做代词，代替先行词b.在从句中担任句子成分：主语或宾语c.做连词，把主句和从句连接起来人(n.)+who+从句物(n.)+that+从句3)who/that在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致e.g.Iprefershoesthatarecool.Ilikeasandwichthatisreallydelicious.Ilovesingerswhoarebeautiful.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.下面我们就定语从句作进一步讲解下面我们就定语从句作进一步讲解: :Grammar Focus: Attributive Clause(一)构成: 在句子中，跟在名词或代词后面充当该 名词或代词修饰语的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。that/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why作为引导词本身词义淡化。（二）用法：I.关系代词who/whom/whose/that/which引导的定语从句。关系代词在句子中所能作的成份，列表说明。关系代词例句that在句中作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略）指物Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.（主语）Thenoodles（that）Icookedwerenice.（宾语）指人which在从句中作主语或宾语 指物ThesilkwhichisproducedinHangzhousellswell.（主语）ThesongswhichtheBeatlessangwereverypopular.（宾语）who、whom在句中作主语或宾语 指人 TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.（主语）ThepersontowhomyoutalkedisMr.Li.（宾语）whose起所有格的作用表示“的”作定语 Peoplewhoserentshavebeenraisedcanappeal.Hisparentswouldntlethermarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.1）who引导，修饰前面指人的名词或代词，作该定语从句的主语。Hewhodoesntstudyhardwontpasstheexam.Do you know the young woman who is talkingwithJim?2）whom引导，修饰前面指人的名词或代词，作该定语从句的宾语，whom在定语从句中可以省略。Doyouknowtheyoungwoman(whom)Jimistalkingwith?3）whose引导，其修饰的词可以是人也可以是物，在从句中whose作其后接名词的定语Thisisthefamousplayerwhosesongsarepopularallovertheworld.EverymorningIgototheparkwhosegateisneverlocked.4）that引导可指人也可指物，在从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时that可省略。Thatistheonlymovie(that)Idliketosee.5）which引导，可指人也可指物，在从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时which可省略。Beijingisacitywhichhasalonghistory.Imlookingforthehat(which)mymothergavetomeformybirthday.II.关系副词when/where/why引导的定语从句1）when引导，其先行词通常为time/day/hour/year等表示时间的名词。March23,1990wasthedaywhenJimwasborn.IllneverforgettheyearwhenIbecameasoldier.2）where引导，其先行词通常为place/room/house/street/area等表示地点的名词。I dont remember the place where we met each otherforthefirsttime.Thesmallvillage,wherewespentourchildhood,hasalotofbigchanges.3）why引导，其先行词通常为thereasonI dont know the reason why she looks so upsettoday.III.介词加which/whom引导的定语从句（该介词可移到定语从句末端，此时which/whom可省略）Thesmallvillageinwhichwespentourchildhoodhasalotofbigchanges.DoyouknowtheyoungwomanwithwhomJimistalking?Thetalloldmanistheteacherfromwhomwelearnedalot.IV.名词介词which/whom引导的定语从句Thisisthefamousplayerthesongsofwhomarepopularallovertheworld.EverymorningIgototheparkthegateofwhichisneverlocked.补充说明：引导词that与which用法区别1）which前面可以有介词，that不行。Thesmallvillageinwhichwespentourchildhoodhasalotofbigchanges.2）先行词是all/everything/nothing/something/anything/much/little/few等不定代词时其后必须用that；作为先行词的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级以及theonly/thevery(恰好；正好)/thejust(正好；恰好)等限定语时其后必须用that。Thereisnothingthatcanmakehimhappyagain.Thatisthefirst/thebest/theonlymovie(that)Idliketosee.从定语从句与先行词的关系来看，定语从句可分为限制性和非限制性两种：1）限制性定语从句与先行词关系很紧密，若被去掉主句存在的意义将严重受损。Hewhodoesntstudyhardwontpasstheexam.March23,1990wasthedaywhenJimwasborn.2）非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不紧密，只是对先行词作一些补充或附加说明，即使去掉也不太影响主句存在的意义（that不能引导非限制性定语从句）。Thesmallvillage,wherewespentourchildhood,hasalotofbigchanges.Igaveournewteacherabunchofflowers,whichmadeherveryhappy.MissLi,whocametoseeusyesterday,isourteacher.3）限制性定语从句不能用逗号“,”与先行词隔开，而非限制性定语从句通常用“，”与主句隔开。（例句见上例）使用定语从句应注意以下几点：1）关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其后动词单复数形式由关系代词前的名词或代词（即先行词）决定。Hewhodoesntstudyhardwontpasstheexam.2）因为关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中已充当一个成分，该从句中不能出现与它重复的成分出现。Thatistheonlymovie(that)Idliketosee.()Thatistheonlymovie(that)Idliketoseeit.()在该例句中引导词that作定语从句中see的宾语，不能在see后面再加上一个重复意义的it作宾语。3）定语从句中的固定短语不能拆分成介词which/whom引导的结构。ThepenwhichImlookingforisblue.()ThepenforwhichImlookingisblue.()