被动语态被动语态语态语态用法用法被动语态的构成被动语态的构成1.基本结构：基本结构：be+vt.过去分词过去分词 方式方式时间时间一般一般进行进行完成完成现在am/is/are madeam/is/are being madehas/have been made过去was/were madewas/were being madehad been made将来will be madeshall/would have been made否定形式：第一个助动词后加not（shall not =shant) 一般疑问句：be 提前 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+(主语）+过去分词+其它？ 动词过动词过去分去分词词的构成的构成规则规则 1、一般在、一般在动词动词原形末尾加原形末尾加-ed，looked played2、结结尾是尾是e的的动词动词加加-d ， lived used3、末尾只有一个、末尾只有一个辅辅音字母的重音字母的重读闭读闭音音节词节词，先，先双写双写 这这个个辅辅音字母音字母，再加，再加-ed， planned tripped4、结结尾是尾是“辅辅音字母音字母+y”的的动词动词，先，先变变“y”为为“i” ， 再再 加加-ed ， study-studied， carry-carried（与（与动词过动词过去式构成去式构成规则规则一一样样）1、speak spoke spoken 2、use used used3、make made made 4、write wrote written5、grow grew grown 6、plant planted planted7、produce produced produced 8、ask asked asked9、plan planned planned 10、send sent sent11 、 build built built 12、invite invited invited不规则动词的过去分词要牢记请请写出下列写出下列动词动词的的过过去式和去式和过过去分去分词词：sing-sang-sungbuild-built-built中考链接中考链接2010 安徽 44Are you going to the party?No, because I .A.have asked B.havent askedC.have been asked D.havent been asked 2.2.含情态动词的被动语态构成：含情态动词的被动语态构成： 情情态动词态动词（can/may/must/should）+be+及物及物动词过动词过去分去分词词 e.g 1、This bike can be repaired. 2、The tree must be put straight in the hole. 3、The classroom should be cleaned every day. .否定形式：情态动词后加not一般疑问句：情态动词 提前 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+情态动词+(主语）+be+过去分词+其它？中考链接中考链接2013 安徽 46Thanks to the Internet,different kinds of information in a short time.A.can be learned B.has been learnedC.can learn D.has learned难点解析难点解析:被动形式表主动意义被动形式表主动意义1.反身代词被动形式表主动意义V.+反身代词She dresses herself in white.She is dressed in white.2.不及物过去分词表主动意义gone,come,fallen.returned,retiredNext year I will be graduated.3.情感态度等用被动形式表示主动意义Im pleased to meet you at the party.3.情感态度等用被动形式表示主动意义Im pleased to meet you at the party.拓展：拓展：表示表示 据说据说 或或 相信相信 的词组的词组 believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understandIt is reported that 据报道据报道 It is believed that大家相信大家相信It is hoped that大家希望大家希望It is well known that 众所周知众所周知It is thought that大家认为大家认为It is suggested that据建议据建议It is taken granted that 被视为当然被视为当然中考链接中考链接2007 安徽 31Ba Jin,one of the greatest writers of China, as peoples Writer.A.is regarded B.has regardedC.is regarding D.regards难点解析二：主动形式表示被动意义难点解析二：主动形式表示被动意义1.连系动词：sound,look,feel,appear,seem,taste2.某些不及物动词表示“品质”或“性能”：lock,wash,read,clean,cut.表示“发生”：happen，take place,occur.中考链接中考链接2008 安徽 19When you leave the room,make sure the door .A.was locked B.is lockedC.will be locked D.should be lockede.g many people speak English.Englishis spokenby manypeople. 主主动语态变动语态变被被动语态动语态的步的步骤骤：1 1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2 2、主动句的谓语动词变为、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构被动结构；3 3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由byby引出，当引出，当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。解题技巧解题技巧1.找准主语2.分析主被动关系3.研究时态4.选择正确的单词或词组