Module 5 CloningSection Introduction & Reading PrereadingStep 4Step 3Step 2Step 1Step 51What is the reason for Dolly s death?2What are people worried about cloning? Dolly was the first mammal to have been successfully cloned from an adult cell. Dolly was formed by taking a cell from the udder of her biological mother. Her embryo(胚胎胚胎) was created by taking the cell and inserting it into a sheep ovum (卵子卵子). The embryo was then placed inside a female sheep that went through a normal pregnancy. She was clonedat the Roslin Institute in Scotland and lived there from her birth in 1996 until her death in 2003 when she was six. Her stuffed remains were placed at Edinburghs Royal Museum, part of the National Museums of Scotland. Cloning Dolly the sheep had a low success rate per fertilized egg (受精卵受精卵); she was born after 237 eggs were used to create 29 embryos, which only produced three lambs at birth, only one of which lived. Seventy calves have been created and one third of them died young. Prometea took 277 attempts. Notably, although the first clones were frogs, no adult cloned frog has yet been produced from a somatic adult nucleus donor cell. There were early claims that Dolly the sheep had pathologies(病理病理) resembling accelerated aging (加速老化加速老化). Scientists speculated that Dolly s death in 2003 was related to the shortening of telomeres (端粒端粒)However, other researchers, including Ian Wilmut who led the team that successfully cloned Dolly, argue that Dolly s early death due to respiratory infection(呼吸感染呼吸感染) was unrelated to shortcomings of the cloning process. Many people knew Dolly as a failed scientific experiment where scientists tried to control the balance of nature. Her death created awareness and allowed many people to question the ethical(伦理伦理) limits regarding cloning. People are mostly concerned about the risks that cloned foods may have on human health and the environment (Jesper Lassen, 2005). They fear that the applications used to create Dolly will someday be used to clone humans. Introduction1Look at the following pictures about the film Frankenstein which is one of the famous early horror films. What do you know about the film?参考答案：参考答案： It was a horror film made in 1931. In the film, Frankenstein is a Swiss scientist who created an ugly monster using bones from dead bodies. The monster was out of control and killed many people including the scientist s new wife. Finally, Frankenstein died in the chase of themonster. Meanwhile, the monster ended his life in the ice and snow.2What are your opinions of cloning? 参考答案：参考答案： Cloning has some advantages we can make use of. For example, we can clone some organs used for curing some serious illnesses or we can clonesome animals which have died out. However, I think cloning humans is unacceptable because it can bring about many unexpected problems.FastreadingRead “Frankenstein s Monster” fast and complete the table.Part 1Para 1The story of 1._Part 2Extract fromFrankensteinPara 2Frankenstein 2._ the monsterPara 3The 3._of the monsterPara 4His 4._about the monster, 5._about the creation of it and his terrible dreamPara 5The 6._ of the monster s face答案：答案：1.Frankenstein2.gave life to3.description4horror and disgust5.his regrets6.horrorCarefulreading.True (T) or False (F)1Frankenstein discovers the secret of how to create life after graduating from college. ()2He hates his creator because he feels lonely and unhappy, and his creator refuses to create a wife for him. ()3The monster killed Frankenstein s brother, friend and wife because he cant find any friend. ()4Frankenstein regretted creating the monster. ()5Eventually, Frankenstein killed the monster in the Arctic. ()答案：答案：15FTFTF.Choose the best answer according to the passage.1Why could Frankenstein create the monster? ABecause he had all the equipment. BBecause he had some magical power. CBecause nobody else had the necessary materials. DBecause he discovered the secret of how to create life. 2Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? AThe monster hated all the people around him because they were all bad to him. BThe monster could speak but didnt have human emotions. CThe monster died in the ice and snow in the end. DThe monster chased the scientist to the Arctic.3How did Frankenstein feel about his experiment? AIt was a success. BIt was a failure. CIt was a waste of time. DIt was a small progress. 4In what way is the monster like a human being? AHe has a human body. BHis appearance. CHe has human emotions. DAll of the above. 答案：答案：14DCBD Summary Frankenstein, a young scientist, 1. the secret of how to give life to lifeless matter and 2. creatures that resemble human beings.Unfortunately, the creature makes the people around 3. ; moreover, he is intelligent and has human 4. .When Frankenstein 5. to creat a wife for him, he hates Frankenstein, and 6. his brother and wife.In order to 7. the creature, he 8. him to the Arctic, 9. he dies and the monster 10. into the ice and snow. discoverscreateterrifiedemotionsrefusedmurders destroychaseswheredisappearsDiscussionWhat is the lesson of the story, in your opinion?参考答案：参考答案： Though the story is horrible and unbelievable，I think it was the initiation of cloning Today. So we should learn from the story and preventthe story from happening in reality. From the story, we can see the shadow of cloningtoday.Frankenstein created the monster which resembled a human being.Actually, it was kind of cloning.Once it had been created, it might have become something terrifying.So I think scientists must be careful whenthey begin to create something.