1.die out : 1）Elephants would die out soon if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wish.2) Many old customs are dying out. 3）The fire died out in the end. (灭绝，绝种）灭绝，绝种） (逐渐消失）逐渐消失）（熄灭）（熄灭）Its bad news that quite a few rare animals are_ each year.A.dying off B. dying outB.C. dying from D.dying away(风，声音等逐渐消失)die out: disappear completely灭绝，绝种灭绝，绝种,(风风俗俗,习惯等习惯等)逐渐消失逐渐消失; (光光,火等火等)逐渐熄灭逐渐熄灭 区别区别: die away: (sound, wind, or light) becomes weaker and finally stops渐渐渐渐消失消失e.g. The noise of the cars died away.die off :先后死去先后死去;(草木草木)先后枯死先后枯死由于缺水由于缺水, 这植物的叶子先后枯死。这植物的叶子先后枯死。As a result of the lack of water, the leaves of this plant are dying off.die of/ from 因因而死而死(由于疾病由于疾病,饥寒饥寒,情感原情感原因造成的死亡一般用因造成的死亡一般用die of, 除此之外的原因除此之外的原因造成的死亡用造成的死亡用 die from.)The old man _ drinking dirty water.The old man _ cold and hunger.died fromdied of请用适当的介词填空请用适当的介词填空1). Whales will die _ , if we dont protect them.2). Nowadays every woman is dying _ fair skin.3). The trees are dying _ because of the drought.outforoff4). The weak light is dying _.5). His anger died _ after being given some money.6). About 10 million people die _ cancer every year.7). Some people die _ the lack of water in the dry areas.awaydownoffrom2.threaten vt. 1）.恐吓，威胁threaten +n.+ with+n.以.恐吓.eg. The robber threatened me with a gun.threaten to do 恐吓说要.eg. He threatened to make the photo public.3. loss (n.)1)Have you reported the loss of the technical papers about the new product to the police? 2) His unfortunate death was a great loss to the company . 3）That company suffered loss on loss in businesslast year. (丢失，遗失）丢失，遗失）( 损失）损失）(亏损）亏损）The government_ to know how to deal with the violence.A.suffered losses B.lost a lossB.C. was at a loss D. was lost at a loss adj. 困惑，不知所措，困惑，不知所措，adv.亏本地亏本地She was at a loss for an answer. 4.reserve n : 1) nature reserve 2) we have large reserve of oil. Vt.: 1) Youd better reserve some money for future need . 2) Id like to reserve a table for two. 自然自然保护区保护区储备储备保留保留预定预定5.peace n. 和平，安静，宁静 in peace 和平的，和睦的，安祥的 live in peace with ones neighbors be at peace with other countries at peace( with ) （跟.)讲和；（与.) 重新和好The two countries are _now, but they used to be at war . A. in peace B. at peace 6. hunt ：( vt.)1)He likes hunting very much 2)Weve been hunting for the lost boy all over. (n.) 1)It was an exciting hunt, but the fox escaped. 2) He is on the hunt for a better job. hunter 猎人猎人 huntress 女猎人女猎人 a hunting dog 猎狗猎狗 a hunting ground 狩猎场狩猎场 hunt for/after 追逐，寻找追逐，寻找 go hunting 去打猎去打猎( 打猎）打猎）(搜索）搜索） (打猎）打猎）（ 搜寻搜寻)7. endanger 使使 遭受危害遭受危害 e.g. Smoking endangers health. in danger 处于危险之中处于危险之中 e.g. The patient is in danger.be in danger of 有有 危险危险 be out of danger 脱离危险脱离危险endangered adj. 濒危的濒危的 dangerous 危险的危险的 Effective steps have been taken by our government to protect the rare _ animals.A.dangerous B. in dangerB.C. endangered D.danger 8. get dressed 穿上衣服穿上衣服 get done的结构的结构 表被动或状态表被动或状态 get hurt 受伤受伤 get burnt 烧伤烧伤 get lost 迷失迷失 get paid 被付工资被付工资改错改错 They have got married for four years They have been married for four yearsget done强调动作，不能和表一段时间的状语连用强调动作，不能和表一段时间的状语连用 be done 表状态表状态9. turn round : 转过去，围绕转过去，围绕旋转旋转The earth turns around the sun.turn on /off 打开打开/关掉关掉 turn up/ down 开大开大/减弱减弱turn to 向向求助求助 turn against 反对反对turn out 关闭，生产关闭，生产 turn over 翻转，考虑翻转，考虑turn away 解雇解雇 turn back 折回折回10.long vi. 热望，渴望 long for +n. Were all longing for peace. long to do Were longing to go home.11. respond vi.回答，响应，做出反应（与介词to 连用） eg. He didnt respond to my question. His illness didnt respond to treatment by drugs. 他的疾病对药物治疗没反应。 in response to 作为对.的反应eg. He smiled in response to my suggestion.=He responded to my suggestion with a smile.12. in relief 如释重负如释重负;松了口气松了口气 Hearing that he has passed the exam, in relief he went to play basketball.relief( 焦虑、恐惧、痛苦等的）减轻焦虑、恐惧、痛苦等的）减轻 ;宽慰；宽慰； 救济（品）救济（品）relief from sth. 减轻减轻eg. The drug gives some relief from pain. 这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。It was a great relief to find theyre safe.The government sent relief to people who lost their homes in the earthquake.(much) to ones relief=to ones(great )relief使某人（使某人（很很） 宽慰宽慰/放心的是放心的是 To my relief ,they arrived safely.13. mercy n. 仁慈；慈悲；宽恕；怜悯仁慈；慈悲；宽恕；怜悯 show mercy to sb/have mercy on sb 对某对某人怜悯、仁慈人怜悯、仁慈e.g. They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈。他们对敌人很仁慈。 at the mercy of 任任处置；无能为力处置；无能为力e.g. The ship was at the mercy of the storm. 那只船在暴风雨中失去控制。那只船在暴风雨中失去控制。without mercy 毫不留情地，残忍地毫不留情地，残忍地14. appreciate vt. 1) 感激；感谢感激；感谢eg. I appreciate your help. 我感谢你的帮助。我感谢你的帮助。2) 鉴赏；欣赏；赏识鉴赏；欣赏；赏识eg. Can you appreciate good wine? 你会鉴赏好酒吗？你会鉴赏好酒吗？3) 察觉；意识到察觉；意识到eg. We appreciate the danger ahead. 我们意识到危险临头。我们意识到危险临头。appreciate + n /doing ,后接从句时要先用it ，再接从句Ill appreciate it if you help me with my English. None of us appreciate _in our daily life.A. making fun of B.to make fun of C. to be made fun of D. being made fun of15.succeed 1) vi.成功 succeed in (doing) sth eg. The plan has succeeded. Have you succeeded in (passing) the exam ? =Have you managed to pass the exam? succeed in doing sth =manage to do sth 2)vi/vt. 继.之后，接着.发生，继承 succeed (to ) Spring succeeds( to) winter. 3）vt.继承（某人）Hell succeed his father as manager of the shop.16.From under our stomachs(复数）From 后接名词，代词，动名词，介词短语，副词等。He jumped out from behind the door.from around the root from under the bedfrom over the sea from before the warI have a pain in my stomach =I have a stomachache .我肚子痛I have no stomach for this heavy food.(胃口） 17. apply application n.用途请求,申请. apply for I want to apply for the job apply to do sth 申请做. apply to 适用于The school rules apply to all of us把.涂在上He apply the paint to the wall.18.protect from 保护.免受.危害Eg He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight 他戴着太阳镜以遮挡强烈的阳光 keep sb from doing sth stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事 prevent sb from doing sth e.g. The school stopped the students from playing computer games19affect v. The change in climate may affect your health.影响影响She was affected by the movie. 打动，感动打动，感动effect n. have a effect on 对.有影响e.g. The film had a great effect on him. v. They effected their escape in the middle of the night.Bye-bye!