LIGHTING SYSTEM照明系统1LIGHTINGSYSTEM1.Lighting system prepare; 2.Lux calculation;3.Lighting system arrangement drawing；4.Lighting system single line diagram.LIGHTINGSYSTEM1. Lighting System Prepare Reference for design: - Construction specification;- General arrangement（GA）drawing；- Hazardous area division drawing；- Fire zone division drawing；- Escape route arrangement drawing；LIGHTINGSYSTEM 2.Lux calculation；Present two of solutions - Calculation with formula ；- Calculation with vendor software。LIGHTINGSYSTEM- Calculation with formulaNUfF=EAD N : Lighting fixture Qty U : Utilization factor 利用系数 F : Lumen 流明 E : Lux(average intensity of illumination required) 勒克斯（平均照度） A : Room area 房间面积 D : Depreciation factor = 1/M(Maintenance factor) 折旧率=1/M(维护系数)LIGHTINGSYSTEMU : Utilization factor 利用系数Room Index = AxB / (A+B) x h)，或 = S / (P/2) x h)A:Width; B:Depth; S:Area; P:Perimeter;h: Room height - 0.85M(from floor) - Distance from lights to ceiling.RoomIndex Uf0 - 1.490.351.5 - 1.990.402 - 2.490.452.5 and above0.50LIGHTINGSYSTEM F : Lumen 流明 Fluorescent 40w 3000 lm Incandescent 200w 2500 lmLIGHTINGSYSTEMD : Depreciation factor (1/M) 折旧率Fluorescent Accomm. & on main deck 1.3 Engine room 1.5 Gallery 1.7Incandescent Accomm. & on main deck 1.2 Engine room 1.3 Gallery 1.5LIGHTINGSYSTEMEx) Accomm. room : 5x6 M, E : 200 lux, U=0.45, D=1.3 40w=3000lm N=? NUfF=EADN x 0.45 x 3000 = 200 x 5 x 6 x 1.3 N=5.7 Answer = 40w x 2 : 3setLIGHTINGSYSTEMGuidance for the design and functional requirements of the lighting systemIEC -General lighting system supplied from the main source of electrical power. - Verification of the lighting levels shall be made by measurements one meter above floor level in general areas and at actual work places where appropriate levels are required. - The number of measuring points required for measuring in a given area is based on the area index and must be based on an even grid layout for the whole area. (See Area index calculation below.) - Emergency lighting system supplied from the emergency source of electrical power; the emergency lighting level shall as a minimum be 30% of the general lighting requirement. - The emergency lighting system shall be switched on automatically in the event of failure of the main source of electrical power. Distribution boards for emergency lighting shall be equipped for remote alarming of tripped circuit to a manned area. - Escape lighting system supplied from the battery backup source of electrical power system. Distribution boards for escape lighting shall be equipped for remote alarming of tripped circuit in a manned location. - Hazardous areas as per IEC-61892-7 and the philosophy for isolation sources in case of emergencies shall be complied with.LIGHTINGSYSTEMNORSOK-Normal lighting: Covering approximately 70% of the lighting requirements. The normal lighting shall be fed from the main distribution system. -For the general level of illuminance at 1 m of elevation, the area requirements according to Annex table apply.-The illuminance levels shall comply with NORSOK standard S-002 (as below).-Emergency lighting: Covering approximately 30% of the platform lighting requirements. In normal operation the emergency stand by lighting shall form part of the normal lighting system. The illuminance levels comply with the relevant parts of EN 1838. -Distribution boards for emergency lighting shall be equipped for common remote alarming of tripped circuit. -Emergency escape lighting: A part of the emergency luminaries, shall be supplied from a battery source, and sited according to EN 1838. Other emergency luminaries e.g. floodlights, shall be supplied from a UPS system.-Portable emergency lighting: The battery charger for battery operated hand lamps shall be fed from the emergency distribution system.-Local distribution boards shall be provided for power distribution to the lighting system within each functional area. The distribution boards shall to the extent possible be located in non-hazardous dry areas.LIGHTINGSYSTEMDescriptionIECDescriptionNORSOKAveragellumi-nanceE(lux)EminE(lux)EmaxE(lux)Averagellumi-nanceE(lux)EminE(lux)EmaxE(lux)General Outdoor Area5020100External walkways and access ways100-General Indoor Areas, Corridors, accommodation ect.10040200Corridor in LQs100-Corridor in work areas100-Lay down area200-Muster area200-Coffee bar in LQ, television room etc.150-Gymnasiummin: 300-Cabins150-Toilet / Changing roommin: 200-Coffee bar outside LQ150-Stairways15060300Stairs, walkways and access ways in enclosed work area150-Process areas - Occasionally manned15060300Unmanned machinery room200-Battery room200-Stores - Large parts200-Stores - small parts300-DescriptionIECDescriptionNORSOKAveragellumi-nanceE(lux)EminE(lux)EmaxE(lux)Averagellumi-nanceE(lux)EminE(lux)EmaxE(lux)Process areas - frequently manned300150450General process and utility area200-HVAC room200-Local instrument room400-Mud room, mixing area200-Mud room, test station300-Mud lab300-Monkey board200-Pipe rack area200-Mud / well logging500-Shale shaker300-Blowout preventer and well head150-Crane cabin400-Drillers cabinAdj: 400-Operator cabin in drilling unit400-Drill floor300150450Drill floor350-Control rooms - Laboratories500250750Central control roomAdj: 500-Local control room400-Laboratory500-Engine rooms - Pump rooms20080400Main generator room200-Fire pump room200-Auxiliary engine rooms20080400Emergency generator room200-LIGHTINGSYSTEMDescriptionIECDescriptionNORSOKAveragellumi-nanceE(lux)EminE(lux)EmaxE(lux)AveragelluminanceE(lux)EminE(lux)EmaxE(lux)Workshops300120600Inst/El. Workshop500-Mechanical workshop/ welding500-Workshop office500-Paint shop500-Sandblasting room300-Switchboard rooms300150450Switchboard and transformer room200-Offices500250750Office / Meeting roomAdj: 500-Laundry, galley and mess area300120600Laundry - machinery area300-Laundry - work area300-Galley500-Serving area400-Dining room300-Dish washingmin: 300-Hospital300120360Hospital / wardmin: 500-Emergency hospital (if required)300120360Hospital spotlight10005001500Radio rooms500250750Radio room500-LIGHTINGSYSTEMLIGHTINGSYSTEMAreasindexCalculation(IEC)IEC-61892-2The number of measuring points required for measuring in a given area is based on the area index and must be based on an even grid layout for the whole area.Area indexNumber of pointsBelow 141 and up to 292 and up to 3163 and above25The area index is given by the formula : K=(a*b)/h(a+b) Where K is the area index, a and b are the sides of the room/area and h is the height of the luminaries above the work plane.Any light measurement must be considered in addition to any background light at the place of measurement.Note: The initial illumination levels should allow for lamp deterioration and accumulation. LIGHTINGSYSTEMNORSOKIllumination- For the general level of illuminance at 1 m of elevation, the area requirements according to Annex table apply. - The uniformity of the illminance shall be equal to, or better than, Emin/Emean = 0.5 in process, utility and dril-ling areas.- The uniformity of the illuminance for individual work areas shall be equal to or better than Emin/Emean=0.7.- For lighting calculations, a maintenance factor reflecting the environment and time between maintenance intervals shall be established and applied. Maintenance factor 0.7 is recomme- nded. - Lighting shall be specified for each workplace that requires at least daily access or is critical from a safety point of view. The guidelines in EN 12464-1 shall be applied in the specification of task lighting.LIGHTINGSYSTEM-The lighting shall, as a minimum, be included for workplaces that require daily access or detailed reading of information, critical from a safety point of view. This includes gauges, indicators, areas that need to be checked for leakage and areas that frequently need maintenance.-To avoid shadows, illumination planning shall take the location of fixtures, racks and mechanical equipment into consideration.-The difference in illumination level between adjacent areas should not exceed 5:1.-In enclosed work areas, the difference shall never be more than 40:1 within the total field of vision.-Provision shall make to avoid direct glare from sunshine, from artificial light sources and from reflecting surfaces.-Glare in visual display units from reflecting surfaces, lamps and windows shall be avoided.-In the design of the lighting, the level of illumination and location of lamps shall make it easy to see obstructions, steps in corridors, walkways etc.- Different levels of illuminance require different light colors if the lighting is to be comfortable. Warm color should be used in cabin and recreation areas where the lighting levels are below 500lux. High color temperature, whiter light, should be used in areas with high light levels. - In areas monitored by closed circuit television, the illuminance shall be sufficient to produce quality video pictures. - The need for adjustable workstation lighting shall be provides as needed for fixed work places. LIGHTINGSYSTEMEmergencyLightingSystemIEC-61892-2Emergency lighting shall not be below the escape lighting level requirement as per table Below.The location of the lighting fixture shall be based on the need for light in the emergency operation situation.The emergency lighting system shall be switched on automatically in the event of failure of the main source of electrical power.The emergency lighting system shall: ensure illumination for safe operation of emergency systems including manual operation area; illuminate all accommodation spaces, control center, work locations, escape routes; helicopter deck and other possible evacuation locations such as lifeboat stations; illuminate the sea where lifeboat and life rafts are to be launched; illuminate the identification system of the unit; illuminate all spaces where loss of lighting presents a danger to personal; illumination system for control stations that shall be operative under emergency conditions. Hospitals and emergency hospitals, if any, shall be fully operational at all times.LIGHTINGSYSTEMEscapelightingsystemIEC-61892-2The escape lighting system shall, as a minimum, provide a lighting level to meet illumination level given in table below. The escape lighting system shall be switched on automatically in the event of failure of the main and emergency power supply.The location of escape light fixture shall be based on the need for light in the escape situation.The escape lighting systems shall: have a power supply with minimum 30 minutes backup time supplied by batteries either integrated or centralized and have a supply from a emergency generator; NOTE the backup should take account of the way in which personal will muster and evacuate a unit, and how much an evacuation is to be taking out; for helicopter and their mobilization time. illuminate all accommodation spaces, control center, work locations, escape routes; helicopter deck and other possible evacuation locations such as lifeboat station; illuminate the sea where lifeboat and life rafts are to be launched; illuminate all spaces where loss of lighting presents a danger to personal; illuminate all locations where operation of safety equipment can be necessary to bring the in stallation of a safe stage.LIGHTINGSYSTEMLIGHTINGSYSTEMAREAAverage illuminance E (lux)E minGeneral Outdoor Area routes51General Indoor escape routes, Corridors, accommodation ect.51Stairways escape routes51Process areas - Occasionally manned51Process areas - frequently manned101Drill floor203Control rooms250125Engine rooms - Pump rooms101Workshops101Switchboard rooms102Offices101Laundry, galley and mess area51Hospital300120Hospital spotlight1000500Emergency hospital (if required)300120Radio rooms250125Loading stations - muster station203Overside (sea level)152Lifeboat - Liferaft station203Sea level launching areas152 1 WAY 2 POLE 2250/1550/15: 80 %LIGHTINGSYSTEMLIGHTINGSYSTEM23J/B in unit toiletD/B 2 WAY 2 POLE TypicalWiringDiagram典型接典型接线TypicalWiringDiagram典型接典型接线TypicalWiringDiagram典型接典型接线NAVIGATIONLIGHTNavigationLightingDefinition:Mastheadlight - means a white light placed over the fore and aft centerline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel.Sidelights - means a green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. In a vessel of less than 20 meters in length the sidelights may be combined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centerline of the vessel.Sternlight - means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel.Towinglight - means a yellow light having the same characteristics as the “stern light” defined in paragraph (c) of this Rule.All-roundlight - means a light showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 360 degrees.Flashinglight - means a light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 120 flashes or more per minute.NAVIGATIONLIGHTVisibilityofLightsThe lights prescribed in these Rules shall have an intensity as specified in Section 8 of Annex I to these Regulations so as to be visible at the following minimum ranges:(a) In vessels of 50 meters or more in length:a masthead light, 6 miles;a sidelight, 3 miles;a sternlight, 3 miles;a towing light, 3 miles;a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 3 miles.(b) In vessels of 12 meters or more in length but less than 50 meters in length:a masthead light, 5 miles; except that where the length of the vessel is less than 20 meters, 3 miles;a sidelight, 2 miles;a sternlight, 2 miles;a towing light, 2 miles;a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles.(c) In vessels of less than 12 meters in length:a masthead light, 2 miles;a sidelight, 1 mile;a sternlight, 2 miles;a towing light, 2 miles;a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles.(d) In inconspicuous, partly submerged vessels or objects being towed:a white all-round light, 3 miles.NAVIGATIONLIGHT29112.5 degree112.5 degree225 degree135 degree225 degreePORT:REDSTBD:GREEN Power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit:Power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit:(i) a masthead light forward;(ii) a second masthead light abaft of and higher than the forward one; except that a vessel of less than 50 meters in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such light but may do so;(iii) sidelights; (iv) a sternlight.Note: Navigation lighting detail requirement can be found in CONVENTION ON THE Note: Navigation lighting detail requirement can be found in CONVENTION ON THE INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA, 1972.INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA, 1972.30苏伊士运河灯苏伊士运河灯 按苏伊士运河当局规定，船舶在夜间通过苏伊士运河时必须安装按苏伊士运河当局规定，船舶在夜间通过苏伊士运河时必须安装 3 3种灯具：种灯具：- - 在尾灯上方设置一盏显示不间断灯光的专用红色尾灯；在尾灯上方设置一盏显示不间断灯光的专用红色尾灯；- - 在左右桥舷各安置一盏桥舷投光灯；在左右桥舷各安置一盏桥舷投光灯；- 在船首中心线位置安装专用的苏伊士运河探照灯。其中在船首中心线位置安装专用的苏伊士运河探照灯。其中, ,探照灯必须满足下列探照灯必须满足下列7 7项项 要求：要求： a. a. 探照灯的反射器由两半组合而成，装在各自的转轴上，转动其角度，可使单一探照灯的反射器由两半组合而成，装在各自的转轴上，转动其角度，可使单一 光束分成各与正前方水平夹角至少为光束分成各与正前方水平夹角至少为 55的两束光。单光束在离灯的两束光。单光束在离灯1800m1800m时应时应 有有1lx1lx的照度（大气透射比为的照度（大气透射比为0.850.85）, ,两光束之间的暗区可在两光束之间的暗区可在001010范围内范围内 平滑变化。平滑变化。 b. b. 灯内必须装有两个灯泡灯内必须装有两个灯泡, ,如果一个发生故障如果一个发生故障, ,可直接切换另一个并自动接通电源。可直接切换另一个并自动接通电源。 c. c. 灯体为水密型（能承受灯体为水密型（能承受 0.0245MPa0.0245MPa的压力）和气密型（电气设备应能在危险的压力）和气密型（电气设备应能在危险 区域内使用），并用软管与装有安全阀的通气管相联，将灯体内的热量排至安区域内使用），并用软管与装有安全阀的通气管相联，将灯体内的热量排至安 全区。全区。 d. d. 灯的功率按船舶的苏伊士运河总吨位选用灯的功率按船舶的苏伊士运河总吨位选用, ,不超过不超过3 3万总吨位的船舶为万总吨位的船舶为2000W,2000W, 超过超过3 3万总吨位的为万总吨位的为3000W3000W。灯的发光强度应不低于。灯的发光强度应不低于3106cd3106cd。 e. e. 灯体和支架由耐腐蚀材料制造，灯具能在水平和垂直两个方向上转动。灯体和支架由耐腐蚀材料制造，灯具能在水平和垂直两个方向上转动。 f. f. 探照灯前玻璃为钢化玻璃。探照灯前玻璃为钢化玻璃。 g. g.反射镜用优质镜面玻璃或高纯锰钢抛光后制作。反射镜用优质镜面玻璃或高纯锰钢抛光后制作。 SUEZCANALSIGNALLIGHTSUEZCANALSIGNALLIGHT31RWRWRWRGRWGRWSuez Canal Signal LightPORTSTBD10 feet3 feet