配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5Period FourLesson 4配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5.单词识记1_vt.to obtain or buy something2_nthe position or level that someone holds in an organization3_adj.to deserve to be thought about or treated in a particular way4_npeoples relief in the life of the spiritacquirerankworthyreligion配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 55_nthe act of protecting something or someone from attack6_vt.to behave as if you had not heard or seen someone or something7_vt.to strongly advise someone to do something8_vto encourage someone9_adj.producing results that bring advantages10_vt.to think that something is true，although you have no proof of itdefence ignore urgeinspirebeneficialassume 配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5.短语天地1_习惯于2_往往会，倾向于3_赞成，赞许4_首先5_反对，违背6day to day_7urge sb. to do sth._8put sb. into prison_9feel like_10in other words_be accustomed to tend to approve of to start with go against 日复一日的 督促某人干某事 把某人送入监狱 感觉起来像，喜欢 换句话说 配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5.句型搜索1It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle.信息提取It is adjthat.，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。例句仿写他不可能会及时到这儿。_ _ _ _he will be here in time.【答案】1.It is impossible that配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 52His true interest was not the day to day bureaucratic details of the government，but the worthy search for knowledge.信息提取not.but.不是而是例句仿写不是你而是他该为事故承担责任。_you_he_ _ _ _the accident.【答案】Not；but；is to blame for配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5.预读理解1FastReading：Read the text quickly and choose the best answer.(1)The steps of acquiring knowledge are_.put forward questionsobserve and study the factsfind answerstest the answers to find the right onesABC配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5(2)Now more and more people turn to the_for help when they have questions.AInternetBbooks Cfriends(3)In the 17th century，people believed more in_than in facts.ApeopleBreligion Cbooks配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5 (4)People with scientific new ideas may be punished by the_.AchurchBgovernment Cpolice(5)People in the 17th century believed that_was the centre of the universe.Athe earthBthe sun Cthe moon【答案】(1)A(2)A(3)B(4)A(5)A配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 52CarefulReading：Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.How we (1)_knowledge and understandingStart with questions(2)_the world around you and study the facts to find answers.Old ways to gain knowledgeBacon andGalilei(3)_the views of the day(4)_knowledge and understanding.Aristotle and other peopleDidnt want to search for their own understanding or (5)_themselvesPrefer to make (6)_about the world based on the experience of othersThe point of understanding allthe truths is to(7)_themThank the great men of the pastBrave enough to(8)_from the shadows of conventional thought配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【答案】(1)acquire(2)Observe(3)Go against(4)Fight for(5)educate(6)assumptions(7)discover(8)step out配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5.课文缩写“Who 1._(question) much，shall learn much，and remember much.”said Francis Bacon.Now 2._ seems obvious how we acquire knowledge and understanding.However，in the 17th century，people 3._(believe) more in religion than in facts.People 4._ scientific new ideas may be punished by the church.配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5As a result，people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge 5._ they had believed.Till today，people still feel 6._ if someone important and respected says that something is right，then it must be so. 7._ sometimes great men such as Aristotle and Galilei might make mistakes.Therefore our 8._(understand) of the world around us is constantly growing and changing.In other words，we learn more every day and 9._ of us can simply say，“We know it all”配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5 “All truths are easy to understand once they 10._(discover)；the point is to discover them.”said Galileo Galilei.【答案】1questions2.it3.believed4.with5.what6.that7.But8.understanding9.none10.are discovered配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 51acquire vt.获得，得到，养成【拓展】acquire knowledge/land/power获得知识/土地/权力acquire a good/bad reputation获得好/坏名声acquire a habit of smoking养成抽烟的习惯配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5She has acquired a good knowledge of English.她英语已经学得非常好了。He has acquired a reputation for dishonesty.他得到了奸诈的名声。【辨析】acquire/obtainacquire多用于通过不断地“学”、“问”等慢慢地获取“学问，技术”等较抽象的东西。obtain表示经过相当长的时间或经过很大的努力，获得期望已久的东西。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【完成句子】(1)学会开车花了他一年的时间。It took him a year to_to drive a car.(2)在这个世界，努力是获取你想要的东西的唯一途径。In this world，effort is_what you want.【答案】(1)acquire the ability(2)the only way to obtain配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 52defensedefence nU U防御；保卫；C C用于保卫或保护的武器，屏障等【搭配】in defence of为辩护；保卫defend.against/from.保卫免遭defenceless adj.无防备的defensive adj.戒备的 ；防御的配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5The big wall was built as a defence against intruders.这堵高墙是为了防止入侵者而修筑的。He gave his life in defence of his country.他为保卫祖国献出了生命。He defended the children from the mad dog.他保护孩子们不被疯狗咬着。The village is defenceless against attack.这个村庄毫无防御能力。He is taking up a defensive position.他在采取守势。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【完成句子】(1)We should stand up_(来维护自己的权利)(2)The lawyer came to the court_ _(为嫌疑犯辩护)【答案】(1)to defend our own rights (2)in defense of the suspect配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 53ignore vt.忽视，不顾I cant ignore his rudeness any longer.他粗暴无礼，我再也不能不闻不问了。I said hello to her，but she ignored me completely.我向她打招呼，可她根本不理我。【拓展】ignorance n无知ignorance of/about.不知道ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的be ignorant of/about对无知配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5If he did wrong，it was only through ignorance.要是他做错了，那也只是出于无知。To say you were ignorant of the rules is no excuse.说自己不知道规则是不能成为借口的。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【辨析】He neglected to write and say “Thank you”他因疏忽而未写信道谢。ignore/neglectignore指有意不理睬。neglect“忽略，疏忽”，指没做到该做的事情或没尽到应尽的责任。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【完成句子】(1)His talk shows his_ _(对历史一无所知)(2)_(他没有理会我)when he passed by as if he didnt see me.【答案】(1)ignorance of history(2)He ignored me配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 54urge vt.力劝，强烈建议；催促n强烈的欲望或冲动【拓展】配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5He urged us to go.He urged our going.He urged that we should go.他催我们走。I have a strong urge to travel.我很想去旅行。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【完成句子】(1)她再也没有给她姐姐写信的欲望了。(n.urge)She no longer_to her sister.(2)我父亲力劝我申请那份工作。(vt.urge)My father_the job.【答案】(1)has the urge to write letters(2)urged me to apply for配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 55inspire v激励，鼓励；唤起，激起配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5After her trip to Venezuela，she felt inspired to learn Spanish.委内瑞拉之行使她下决心学习西班牙语。His superb play inspired the team to a thrilling 50 win.他的出色表现使球队士气大振以50大获全胜。Her work didnt exactly inspire me with confidence.她的工作并没使我真正产生信心。As a general，he inspired great loyalty in his troops.作为一位将军，他得到了部队的精诚效忠。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5用inspire的适当形式填空(1)Jack is very hardworking，and an_to his brother.(2)My mother_me to study hard.(3)The poem he wrote was very_.【答案】(1)inspiration(2)inspires(3)inspiring配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 56assume v假设，承担，假装，冒用I hope to go to college next year，always assuming(that)I can pass my exams.我希望明年上大学，我总是认为能通过考试。He assumed a look of surprise.他装出吃惊的样子。【拓展】I cannot make that assumption without examining it.没有审核我不能做出假设。make an assumption做出假设on the assumption(that.)以设想为依据assuming conj.如果make assumptions about对做出假设配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【完成句子】(1)这一计划是以经济发展的设想为依据的。The project was predicated_the economy was expanding.(2)假定你是对的，我们下一步该怎么做？_youre right，what should we do next?(3)普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。It_that stress is caused by too much work.【答案】(1)on the assumption that(2)Assuming(3)is generally assumed配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 51be accustomed to习惯于accustomed在此处是形容词，be accustomed to(doing)sth意为“习惯于(做)某事”，to为介词，后面应接名词、代词或动词ing形式。Bens grandma doesnt want to live in the city，for she is accustomed to living in the countryside.Ben的奶奶不想住在城里，因为她已习惯住在乡下。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【拓展】Youll soon get accustomed to walking long distances.你会很快习惯长距离步行。He quickly accustomed himself to the new life.他很快地适应了新生活。 (1)get accustomed to也可表示“习惯(做)某事”，强调由不习惯到习惯的变化。(2)accustom是accustomed的动词形式，accustom oneself/sb. to sth.，意为“使习惯于”。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【完成句子】他们习惯吃饭时不说话。They are accustomed_at meals.【答案】to not talking be accustomed to(doing)sth.意为“习惯于(做)某事”，to为介词，后面应接名词、代词或动词ing形式。又根据语境可知应用否定式。故选D。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 52tend to易于，往往会，倾向于Jack tends to get angry if someone disagrees with him.如果有人不同意，Jack往往会很生气。Some parents tend to do everything for their children.有些父母总是会为孩子做一切。【拓展】配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5Several nurses carefully tended(to)the sick man.几位护士悉心照料病人。She had a tendency to talk fast when she was nervous.她紧张时往往会说话很快。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5用tend的适当形式填空(1)While on business，Jack often asked his sister to_to his daughter.(2)When Anita is tired，she_to make some mistakes.(3)Jim has a_to ignore his parents opinions.【答案】(1)tend(2)tends(3)tendency配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 53to start with首先It wont work；to start with，it would take too long，and secondly it would cost too much.这行不通；首先，所需时间太长，其次，花费太多。(作插入语，用于强调一系列事实或观点的第一条)配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【拓展】Our meal always starts with onion soup.我们进餐前先喝洋葱汤。to begin with 首先，第一to be honest老实说to be frank坦白说to tell(you)the truth老实说to my surprise令我惊讶的是(以上短语均独立使用或作插入语)start/begin with以开始配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【完成句子】(1)I have so much to say that I even dont know_(先说什么)(2)The party_.(以“祝你生日快乐”这首歌开始)【答案】(1)what to start with(2)started with the song “Happy Birthday to You”配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 54put forward提出；提前One of the employees has put forward a good idea.其中的一名员工提出了一个好主意。The sports meet has been put forward by one month.运动会提前了一个月。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【拓展】put away把收起来put up with容忍，忍受put off推迟put aside把放到一边；储存(钱)以备用put down放下put on穿上，使(视听设备)播放开始配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5Put your toys away in the cupboard，when youve finished playing.玩完了以后把玩具放到柜子里。I dont know how she puts up with his cruelty to her.我不明白她怎么忍受他的虐待。Weve had to put our wedding off until September.我们得把婚礼延期到九月举行。She put the newspaper aside and picked up a book.她把报纸放下，拿起了一本书。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5指出下列句子中put forward的意思(1)When he got to the entrance，he put the pass forward to the guard._(2)They put forward some new ideas on the subject._(3)When he was putting the chair forward，it broke down._【答案】(1)拿出，出示(2)提出(3)前移配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 51(课文重现)It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle(384322BC)因为这些观点是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(384322BC)提出来的，人们愿意相信这些古老的观点，这也不足为奇。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【句式分析】It isadj.that.在该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。用于该句型的常见形容词有：necessary，strange，clear，possible，natural，important，likely，obvious等。It is impossible that he will be here in time.他不可能会及时到这儿。It is strange that there has been so much rain this year.真奇怪，今年下了这么多的雨。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【拓展】 (1)Itbe过去分词that.(常见的过去分词有：said，reported，believed，supposed，ordered，(well)known，suggested等)(2)It不及物动词that.(常见的不及物动词(短语)：seem，appear，happen，turn out，occur to.)(3)Itbe名词短语that.(常见的名词短语有：a pity，a fact，a wonder，a surprise，no wonder.)配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5It was said that he had won the first prize.据说他赢得了一等奖。It happened that we were all out that day.碰巧那天我们都不在家。Its a wonder that he ever reached Paris，because he set off with only $5 in his pocket.令人惊讶的是他竟然到了巴黎，因为他出发时口袋里只有5美元。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【完成句子】(1)据报道，到2015年，在全球将选出约30名去火星的志愿者。_ _ _that about 30 volunteers chosen from all over the world will be sent to the Mars by 2015.(2)很奇怪没有人知道他去了哪儿。_ _ _that nobody knows where he has gone.配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5(3)很遗憾你没有及时到位。_ _ _ _you didnt come in time.【答案】(1)It is reported(2)It is strange(3)Its a pity that 配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 52(课文重现)His true interest was not the day to day bureaucratic details of the government，but the worthy search for knowledge.他真正的兴趣并非政府每日的繁文缛节，而是对知识的不倦追求。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【句式分析】本句中用了not.but.句式。not.but.意为“不是而是”，连接两个并列的结构。如果连接两个主语时，谓动词应运用“就近原则”。Not I but my mother is fond of music.不是我而是我的母亲喜欢音乐。Shakespeare was not a musician but a writer.莎士比亚不是一个音乐家而是一个作家。Not that I didnt want to help him，but that it was beyond my power.不是我不想帮他，而是我没这个能力。配北师大版配北师大版 英语英语 必修必修 5【完成句子】(1)重要的不是你来自哪里而是你是干什么的。What matters is_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.(2)不是她而是我来自于河南的一个小城市。It is _ _ _ _that_from a small city of Henan.【答案】(1)not where you are from but who you are(2)not she but I；am/come