1.The Attributive Clause（non-restrictive)2.1 1定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。之后。2 2先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3 3关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, that, which, who, whom, whose, asas等；关系副词有等；关系副词有when, where, whywhen, where, why等。等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：关系词通常有下列三个作用：A A、引导定语从句；、引导定语从句；B B、代替先行词；、代替先行词；C C、在定语从句中担当一个成、在定语从句中担当一个成分。分。 3. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句(restrictive) 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句(non-restrictive）TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。 Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。 定语从句定语从句4.1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句限制性定语从句:所谓限制性定语从句就是先行所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉如果去掉,主句就会主句就会失去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行词的关失去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行词的关系十分密切系十分密切,写时不用逗号和主句分开。写时不用逗号和主句分开。e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。(如果把从句部分去掉如果把从句部分去掉, 整个句子的含义就变整个句子的含义就变了了)5.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句和主句的非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切关系并不十分密切,只是对先行词做些附加说明只是对先行词做些附加说明,如果去掉如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话时语调上须停顿。之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话时语调上须停顿。一般不用一般不用that引导。引导。1)Hisdog,whichwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.2)他的狗当时很老了他的狗当时很老了,生病后就死了。生病后就死了。(去掉从去掉从句句, 主句的意义仍然完整主句的意义仍然完整:他的狗生病死了。他的狗生病死了。)6.2)YesterdayImetLiLei,whoseemedtobeverybusy.昨天我碰上李雷了昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。他好象很忙。(去掉从句去掉从句, 意义仍然完整意义仍然完整:昨天我碰上李雷了。昨天我碰上李雷了。)2.非限制性定语从句中的一些问题：非限制性定语从句中的一些问题：a.非限制性定语从句中非限制性定语从句中,指物时指物时,用用which而不用而不用that。1)Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.2)Allthebooksthere,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.7.b.指人时主格用指人时主格用who,宾格用宾格用whom,物主格用物主格用whose(也可指物也可指物)。1)MissHowe,whomyoumetinthelibrary,2)isournewteacher.2)TheArabs,whoarefamousfortheirhorsesandcamels,usetheseanimalsforworkandinsports.3)LiMing,whosemotherhasbeenillfortwodays,isabsentfromschooltoday.8.c.另外关系副词另外关系副词when(指时间指时间),where(指地点指地点)也也可以引导非限制性定语从句可以引导非限制性定语从句(注意关系副词注意关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句不能引导非限制性定语从句);why不引导定语从不引导定语从句。句。4)Helivesinthecity,wherethereisahightower.5)ThePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,whenhewasborn.9.d.介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句。介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句。6)WuDong,withwhomIwenttoseethefilm,enjoyeditverymuch.7)Herbag,inwhichsheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.8)ThestoryabouttheLongMarch,ofwhichthisisanexample,arewellwritten.10.3.as,which非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句由由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句引导的非限定性定语从句,as和和which可代整个主句，相当于可代整个主句，相当于andthis或或andthat。As一般放在句首一般放在句首,which在句中。在句中。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.11.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 形式上形式上 不用逗号不用逗号“ “ ，”与主句与主句隔开隔开用逗号用逗号“ “ ，”与主与主句隔开句隔开 意义上意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整意思表达不完整 只是对先行词的补充只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。仍能表达完整的意思。 译法上译法上 译成先行词的定语：译成先行词的定语：“的的 ” ” 通常译成主句的并通常译成主句的并列句列句 关系词关系词的使用的使用上上 1. 1. 作宾语时可省略作宾语时可省略1. 1. 不可省略不可省略 2. 2. 可用可用that that 2. 2. 不用不用thatthat 3. 3. 可用可用whowho 代替代替whomwhom 3. 3. 不可用不可用who who 代替代替whom whom 12.13.1.YesterdayMr.Lifinallyboughthisown2.house,_isahospital.A.inwhereB.totheeastofwhichC.totheeastofitD.intheeastofthat3.2.Mybrotherspurse,_heput￥1,000,4.wasmissingonthebus.A.thereB.whichC.inwhichD.that5.3.Thefootballmatch_thestudentscompetedyesterdaywasverywonderful.A.inwhichB.whichC.inthatD.that14.4.Thereason_hewaslateagainwasthathewascaughtinatrafficjamintherushhour.A.whichB.inwhichC.forwhichD.ofwhich5.Hisglasses,_hecouldseenothing,wastakenawaybyanaughtyboy.A.whichB.withoutwhichC.withwhichD.withoutthose6.Thecomputer,_hepaid￥3,000,wasonceownedbyhisuncle.A.whichB.forwhichC.thatD.tothat15.7.Inthepastwelostmanychances,_wepaidlittleattention.A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.towhich8.Thepen,_Ihadbeenwritingfortenyears,wasbroken.A.withwhichB.withthatC.asD.withit9.Maryhastwobrothers,_aredoctors.A.bothoftheyB.bothofwhomC.bothofthemD.whomofboth10.Theproblem_youarguedaboutyesterdayhasbeensolved.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.forwhich16.11.Myauntboughtmeabook,thename_Ihaveforgotten.A.ofitB.whichC.whoseD.ofwhich12.OnthewayhomeImetmyfriendJohn,from_homethethiefhadstolenacomputer.A.whomB.whichC.thatD.whose13.Ihatetheway_youtalktoyourmother.A.bywhichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.which14.Atlastwefoundtheholeinthewall_themousegotintothehouselastnight.A.inwhichB.whichC.throughwhichD.bywhich17.15.Lastnightwesawtwomovies,_wasinteresting.A.bothofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.bothofthemD.neitherofthem16.Iusedtoliveinahouse,_grewatalltree.A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhichC.inthefrontofwhichD.infrontofthat17.TheSecondWorldWar_millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.whenB.duringthatC.inwhichD.which18.Function-practiceSuggested answers to Ex3 on Page 41.1.Peterdancedandsangallevening.PeopleusedtothinkPeterwasquiet.Peter,whompeopleusedtothinkwasquiet,dancedandsangallevening.2.Sharongavemeapictureformybirthday.Shehadpainteditespeciallyforme. Sharongavemeapictureformybirthday,whichshehadpaintedespeciallyforme.19.3.Wepickedalltheapplesandputtheminboxes.Theywillbetransportedabroad.Wepickedalltheapples,whichwillbetransportedabroad,andputtheminboxes.4.ThebookbySamWaterswasnotavailable.Sheaskedforit.ThebookwhichsheaskedforbySamWaterswasnotavailable.5.Thevisa(签证签证)hasnotarrivedyet.IneedthevisatoentertheUS.ThevisawhichIneedtoentertheUShasnotarrivedyet.20.6.Thetwotrafficaccidentshappenedonthesamemorning.Thentherewasaheavyfog.Thetwotrafficaccidentshappenedonthesamemorning,whentherewasaheavyfog.7.TangLingvolunteeredtohelpthewelfarehouse.Theresheteachesthehomelesschildren.TangLingvolunteeredtohelpthewelfarehouse,wheresheteachesthehomelesschildren.21.8.AnneisgoingtoAmericanextyear.Herdaughterisinmyclass.AnnewhosedaughterisinmyclassisgoingtoAmericanextyear.9.Hewentonthebustourwithagroupofpeople.Mostofthemhadnevertraveledbefore.Hewentonthebustourwithagroupofpeople,mostofwhomhadnevertraveledbefore.22.1.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he 此为非限定性从句此为非限定性从句, ,不能用不能用 that that修饰修饰, ,而而用用which. it which. it 和和he he 都使后句成为句子都使后句成为句子, ,两两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选hehe句意不通。句意不通。高考链接23.2.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itwhichwhich可代替句子可代替句子, , 用于非限定性定语从句用于非限定性定语从句, ,而而whatwhat不可。不可。that that 不能用于非限定性定语从句不能用于非限定性定语从句, , itit不为连词不为连词, ,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。在英语语法上行不通。24.3.Itrainedhardyesterday,_preventedmefromgoingtothepark.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it4.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom5.Chinahasmanyrivers,_theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhich25.HomeworkReview the whole unit.26.27.