2021/3/911.一般现在时态的被动语态结构一般现在时态的被动语态结构: am/is/are + vt 过去分词过去分词2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构一般过去时态的被动语态结构: was/ were + vt 过去分词过去分词3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构含有情态动词的被动语态结构: 情态动词情态动词+be+ vt 过去分过去分词词4.一般将来时的被动语态结构一般将来时的被动语态结构: will/shall +be + vt 过去分词过去分词5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构现在进行时态的被动语态结构: am/ is /are+being + vt 过去分词过去分词6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构过去进行时态的被动语态结构:was / were + being+ vt 过去分词过去分词7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构现在完成时态的被动语态结构: have/has been + vt 过去分词过去分词2021/3/92 知识点再现知识点再现:被动语态被动语态 结构结构：bebe +动词的过去分词过去分词 意义：意义：强调强调主语主语是动作的是动作的承受者承受者 何时使用何时使用变化方法变化方法注意事项注意事项2021/3/93变化：变化：示例示例The boy broke the glass.The glass was broken by the boy.从主动语态变为被动语态从主动语态变为被动语态1.1.主语主语 介词介词by by 宾语宾语2.2.谓语谓语 加加be,be,并变为过去并变为过去分词分词3.3.宾语宾语 主语主语2021/3/941.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is /are +过去分词过去分词2021/3/952. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词过去分词2021/3/96Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.一般将来时一般将来时;will be+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词2021/3/973Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词2021/3/985.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词过去分词2021/3/997I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词过去分词2021/3/9106We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词过去分词2021/3/911二、常见语态转换二、常见语态转换（一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。（一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。引入练习引入练习1。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy.2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day. The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day.3.Did they build the bridge in 1998? _ the bridge _ in 1998?4.When did Lu Xun write these books?When _these books _ _ Lu Xun?5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm.Apples _ _ on the farm.6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday.The classroom _ _ yesterday.小结：小结：1、被动语态的转换，在、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定过去分词中，确定_ 是关键，是关键，_永不永不变。变。2、Be的时态由的时态由_确定；确定；be的单的单/复数由复数由_确定。确定。3、问句提前、问句提前_; 否定否定_后加后加not.was bought by are watered byWasbuiltwere written by arent grownwasnt cleanedbe 形形过去分词过去分词主动时态主动时态 被动主语被动主语be动词动词be2021/3/912(二）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。二）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。引入练习引入练习2。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。1.You can do the work all by yourself. The work _ _ _ all by yourself.2.We must plant more trees. More trees _ _ _.3.We should dig a large hole. A large hole _ _ _.4.Can we put our bikes here? _ our bikes _ _ here?5.You mustnt throw rubbish here. Rubbish _ _ _ here.6.We cant see many stars. Many stars _ _ _ . 小结：小结：1.含情态动词的被动结构：含情态动词的被动结构： _.2.疑问句提前疑问句提前_; 否定句：否定句：_+not.can be donemust be plantedshould be dugCanbe putmustnt be thrown cant be seen 情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词情态动词情态动词情态动词情态动词2021/3/9131.1.一般可变为被动语态的动词为一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词及物动词2.2.bebe动词动词可根据可根据人称人称、时态时态、数数进行变化进行变化. .3.3.不特别强调不特别强调动作执行者动作执行者时，时，byby短语短语( (即即 by by和后面的宾语和后面的宾语) )一般可以省略一般可以省略注意事项：注意事项：2021/3/914This work may_ today.（finish）Can my bike _ here? (mend)The cars cant _ here.（park ）含有情态动词的被动语态，情态动词含有情态动词的被动语态，情态动词后面的后面的be be 动词用原形动词用原形 be finishedbe mendedbe parked2021/3/9151.We call Mr. Smith a living Lei Feng. Mr. Smith_ a living Lei Feng (by us).2.Toms father bought him a book. He _ a book (by his father)A book_him (by his father)带双宾语的句子有两种改法带双宾语的句子有两种改法: 一般情况下一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.当把直当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,forwas boughtis called2021/3/916pass, show, send 此类动词有：此类动词有：buybe bought for如如：givebe given to 此类动词还有：此类动词还有：draw，make, cook, mend2021/3/9171. Please pass the book to Lily.The book is passed to Lily by you please.Lily is passed the book.2. He gave me a beautiful present.I was given a beautiful present by him.A beautiful present was given to me .2021/3/918感官动词感官动词( (hear, see, watch, feel, notice等等) )和使役动词和使役动词( (let ,make have等等) )在主动语态在主动语态中后接不带中后接不带toto的动词不定式的动词不定式, ,但是改为被动语但是改为被动语态时态时, , 把把toto加在动词原形之前加在动词原形之前. .They made the boys work 12 hours a day.The boys were made to work 12 hours a day.We often see him go for a walk by the river.He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.2021/3/9191. The teachers often make us read books in the morning. We are often made to read books in the morning by the teachers.2. We noticed him talk with my brother just now.He was noticed to talk with my brother just now.3. We saw her help Tom when we enter the room.She was seen to help Tom when we enter the room.4. I made him stop while he was doing the work.He was made to stop while he was doing the work.2021/3/920 3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态: :把人变为主语把人变为主语 Mother told me not to be late. I was told not to be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden. 2021/3/921动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。丢。take care of be taken care ofcut down be cut downlaugh at be laughed atlook after be looked afterSpeak to be spoken toHand in be handed in2021/3/9224 短语动词的被动语态短语动词的被动语态 I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of.We should speak to the old politely.The old should be spoken to politely. 2021/3/923 The rain stopped. The soup tastes delicious. stop , taste 在句中是不及物动在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。不能变为被动语态。不及物动词（不及物动词（vi.)不能用于被动语态。不能用于被动语态。happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆发）爆发）2021/3/924 e.g. A traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 连系动词连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态不用被动语态。 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become e.g. Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.sounds 3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态不用被动语态 。 e.g. The pen _(write) very fast.writes This kind of sweater _(sell) well. sells2021/3/925三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有人说有人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 2021/3/926Practice:1 Must I pay for it at once?_ it _ _ _ at once?2 We will build a new lab.A new lab _ _ _.3 They arent stopping the traffic now.The traffic _ _ _ now.4 How long have you kept the book?How long _ the book _ _? Mustbeenpaidforwillbebuiltisntbeenstoppinghasbeenkept2021/3/9275 If your homework _(do) well,you may go to play.6 Mr.Green was seen _ (grow) trees.7 The blackboard was _ (look) carefully by the students.8 The ship model _ be _ (make)in two days.is doneto growlooked atwillmade2021/3/9281.-Did you go to Jims birthday party? -No, I _ (北京北京2003年中招试题年中招试题) A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invited2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw (重庆重庆2003年中招试题年中招试题)BB2021/3/929考点聚焦考点聚焦1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。The workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days.A. work B. to work2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。Their homework half an hour ago.A. was handed in B. was handed AB2021/3/9303.You may go fishing if your work_. (河河北北2003年中招试题年中招试题) A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (辽宁辽宁2003年中年中招试题招试题) A.not to make much noise B.B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spitAD2021/3/9311.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ?- Its surprising. The strongest team _.A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed2.I wont come to the party unless Sue_.A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited3.What are on show in the museum? Some photos _ by African children.A. are taken B. have been taken C. taken D. were taken4. The boy _ study at home by her last Sunday.A made B was made C was made to D made to中中招招模模拟拟ADCC2021/3/9324.The trees must _ three times a week.A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters5.Another new building _last month near my school.A. was built B. built C. has been built D. is built6. A new bridge _ over the river next year.A is built B will build C will be built D will built7. TV and radio programes _ the other side of the world with the help of the satellites.A can send to B can send on C can be sent to D can be sent onCACC2021/3/9333. In summer meat and fruit _for a long time.A cant be kept B doesnt keep C is not kept D isnt keeping4. These films _ by young children.A should not seen B shouldnt be seen C should be not seen D should see5. The piece of music _ great.A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is sounding6. It _ in a small village last month.A happened B was happened C happen D had happenedABAA2021/3/9342. Our classroom should _ clean and tidy.A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept3. No letter _ since you left for Shanghai.A have received B have been received C had been received D has been received4. Im afraid you cant go in. The room_.A is painted B has painted C is being painted D is painting6. The girl _singing when we passed by.A heard B was heard C was heard to D heard toBDCB2021/3/9353. My new pen _ well.A writes B is writing C is written D was writing4. A lot of money _ spent on books.A has B have C has been D have been5.Another bridge_set up over the river in 6 years.A is being B will been C will be D has been6.My bike _ for 3 days. A is mended B has been mended C hasnt be mended D is being mended.7. - Why, you are wet all over! - I _just now and I rushed all the way here.A caught the rain B was caught in the rain C caught a rain D was caught by a rain2021/3/9363. We are told that these books _ to the library. A can be returned B may return C must be returned D must returned4. This kind of medicine _ after supper.A should take B should be taken C should be eaten D should eat5. A talk on Chinese history _in the school hall next week. A is given B has been given C will give D will be given6. He _ go into the room just now.A saw B was seen C was seen to D saw to2021/3/9372021/3/938放映结束 感谢各位的批评指导！ 谢谢 谢！谢！让我们共同进步2021/3/939