八年级上册 Units 1、21. honest (adj. ) _ (反义词反义词)不诚实的不诚实的2. music (n. ) _ (adj. )有音乐天赋的；音乐的；爱好音有音乐天赋的；音乐的；爱好音乐的乐的 _ (n. )音乐家音乐家3. sing(v. ) _ (n. ) 歌手歌手4. advertise (v. ) _ (n. ) 广告广告5. true (adj. ) _ (n. )真相；事实真相；事实 _ (adv. )真实地真实地dishonestmusicalmusiciansingeradvertisementtruthtruly6. bad(adj. ) _ (比较级比较级) 更差的；更糟的；更坏的更差的；更糟的；更坏的 _ (最高级最高级)最差的；最糟的；最坏的最差的；最糟的；最坏的7. high (adj. ) _ (n. )高；高度高；高度 8. active (adj. ) _ (n. ) 活动活动9. social (adj. ) _ (n. ) 社会；社团社会；社团10. sport(n. ) _ (adj. )爱好或擅长体育运动的爱好或擅长体育运动的worseworstheightactivitysocietysporty11. agree (v. ) _ (反义词反义词)不同意；不赞同不同意；不赞同 _ (n. )同意同意12. run(v. ) _ (n. ) 奔跑的人奔跑的人13. please(v. ) _ (adj. )感到满意的；感到高兴的感到满意的；感到高兴的 _ (adj. )令人愉快的；舒适的令人愉快的；舒适的 _ (n. ) 满意；乐满意；乐意意14. taste (n. & v. ) _ (adj. )味道好的味道好的 disagreeagreementrunnerpleasedpleasantpleasuretasty15. science(n. ) _ (adj. )科学的科学的 _ (n. )科学家科学家16. use(n. &v. ) _ (adj. )有用的；有益的有用的；有益的 _ (adj. )无用的无用的17. important (adj. ) _ (反义词反义词)不重要的不重要的 _ (n. )重要性重要性18. popular(adj. ) _ (反义词反义词)不受欢迎的；不流行的不受欢迎的；不流行的 _ (n. )普及；流行普及；流行19. health(n. ) _ (adj. )健康的健康的 _ (反义词反义词)不不健康的健康的scientificscientistusefuluselessunimportantimportanceunpopularpopularityhealthyunhealthy【品词自测【品词自测】根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空He is an honest boy, but he didnt tell the _ this time. (true)They are all in _ that they will start early tomorrow. (agree)Children like to eat junk food because its _. (taste)Qian Xuesen is a great _. His death is a great loss to China. (science)答案：答案：truth agreement tasty scientist1. 愿意干某事愿意干某事be _ _ _ sth. 2. 乐于干某事乐于干某事be ready _ _ sth. 3. 周游世界周游世界travel _ the world4. 有幽默感有幽默感have a _ _ humour5. 讲笑话讲笑话_ jokes6. 碰掉碰掉knock _willing to doto doaroundsense oftelloff7. 保密保密_ a secret8. 说某人的坏话说某人的坏话say a _ word _ sb. 9. 对某人慷慨对某人慷慨be _ _ sb. 10. 过来；顺便来访过来；顺便来访come _11. 尽某人的最大能力尽某人的最大能力try ones _12. 面带微笑面带微笑_ a smile _ ones face13. 和和比较比较compare . . . _. . . keepbadaboutgenerous tooverbestwearonwith14. 休息休息(一段时间一段时间)have (some time) _15. 会；有能力干会；有能力干be _ to16. 去旅行去旅行_ _ a trip17. in need _18. help sb. with sth. _19. grow up_20. make friends with sb. _21. the same as. . . _offablego on需要需要帮助某人某事帮助某人某事成长；长大成长；长大和某人交朋友和某人交朋友和和一样一样1. 什么使你的朋友如此特别呢？什么使你的朋友如此特别呢？What _ your friend so _? 2. 她和我一样苗条。她和我一样苗条。She is _ slim _ I am. 3. 然而，他因为晚上过多地使用电脑而视力不好。然而，他因为晚上过多地使用电脑而视力不好。However, he has poor eyesight _ _ working on the computer _ _ at night. makesspecialasasbecause oftoo much4. 我认为游泳不如徒步旅行有趣。我认为游泳不如徒步旅行有趣。I _ think swimming is _ interesting _ hiking. 5. 他长什么样？他长什么样？_ he _? 6. 凯特既是我最好的朋友又是我的邻居。凯特既是我最好的朋友又是我的邻居。Kate is _ my best friend _ my neighbour. 7. 我十年前认识她的。我十年前认识她的。I _ _ _ her ten years ago. dontasasWhatslikebothandgot to know8. 我们也是这么想的。我们也是这么想的。_ _ we think too. 9. 午饭期间我和我的朋友们见面，我们总是在一起谈得很开心。午饭期间我和我的朋友们见面，我们总是在一起谈得很开心。During lunchtime, I meet my friends and we always _ a _ _ _ to each other. 10. 单词单词“hero”是什么意思？是什么意思？_ _ the word hero _? 11. 她将三个月不能打篮球。她将三个月不能打篮球。She wont _ _ _ play basketball for three months. Thats whathave greattime talkingWhat doesmeanbe able to形容词的比较等级形容词的比较等级【见【见P129】1. everyone pron. 每个人每个人 Everyone thinks she is pretty. 大家都认为她漂亮。大家都认为她漂亮。 Is _ here today? No, Jim asked for leave. A. everyone B. no one C. someone D. anyoneEveryone in our class _ (like) Miss Yang because she is always kind. everyone=everybody(1)强调整体，反义词是强调整体，反义词是nobody或或no one(2)作主语时，谓语动词用作主语时，谓语动词用_形式，在反意疑问句中，代词形式，在反意疑问句中，代词用用he或或theyeveryone和和every one的区别的区别(1)everyone 只指人；而只指人；而every one既可指人，也可指物既可指人，也可指物(2)everyone不可以和不可以和of短语连用，但短语连用，但every one 可以可以【自主归纳】【自主归纳】 everyone的用法及和的用法及和every one的辨析的辨析答案：答案：A likes单数单数2. famous adj. 著名的著名的I hope to become a famous singer and travel around the world in the future. 我希望将来成为一名著名的歌手并周游世界。我希望将来成为一名著名的歌手并周游世界。Michael Jackson is a well-known Rock singer in the world. A. popular B. healthy C. boring D. famousJackie Chan is famous _ an actor. He is famous _ his action movies. A. as; with B. for; asC. as; for D. to; with【自主归纳】【自主归纳】famous的用法的用法(1)be famous for+原因原因 因因而出名而出名(2)be famous as+身份身份 作为作为而出名而出名(3)同义词同义词 well-known答案：答案：D C3. miss vt. 想念想念I miss my old classmates very much, but I really want to make friends with my new classmates. 我非常想念我的老同学，可我真的想与我的新同学成为朋友。我非常想念我的老同学，可我真的想与我的新同学成为朋友。I am very sorry to _ such an interesting concert. A. catch B. take C. bring D. missHis watch is m _. He is very sad because the watch is his birthday present that his father bought him. 【自主归纳】【自主归纳】miss的用法的用法(1)用作动词，意为用作动词，意为“想念；错过想念；错过”。(2)用用作作名名词词，m大大写写，意意为为“小小姐姐；女女士士”，常常用用于于姓姓氏氏前前，也可以单独使用。也可以单独使用。(3)后加后加-ing构成形容词，意为构成形容词，意为“丢失的；不见的丢失的；不见的”, 相当于相当于lost。答案：答案：D missing4. be able to 会，有能力干会，有能力干She wont be able to play basketball for three months. 她她将将三三个月不能打篮球。个月不能打篮球。The girl is very young. She is u _ to write well. 五年后人们将能够破解这个难题。五年后人们将能够破解这个难题。People _ _ _ _ work out the difficult problem in five years. He could help his father water the flowers. (改为同义句改为同义句)He _ _ _ help his father water the flowers. 【自主归纳【自主归纳】(1)be able to的用法的用法able的反义词的反义词_，意为，意为“没有能力的没有能力的”。be able to后跟后跟_，意为，意为“有能力干有能力干；会做；会做”。有人称、时态和数的变化有人称、时态和数的变化, 一般现在时和过去时可以和一般现在时和过去时可以和_转换。转换。(2)be able to和和can的辨析的辨析be able to只表示能力，有人称、时态和数的变化。而只表示能力，有人称、时态和数的变化。而can除表示除表示能力外，还可以表示请求、允许等，且只有原形和过去式能力外，还可以表示请求、允许等，且只有原形和过去式(could)两种形式。两种形式。答案：答案：unable will be able to was able tounable动词原形动词原形can5. What makes your friend so special? 什么使你的朋友如此特别呢？什么使你的朋友如此特别呢？柔和的音乐会让人放松。柔和的音乐会让人放松。Soft music can _ _ _ . Hard seats and loud music can make people _ (eat) faster. When he makes a mistake, he is always made _ (stand) outside. 【自主归纳【自主归纳】make的用法的用法(1)make sb. /sth. + adj. 使某人使某人/某物某物(怎么样怎么样)(2)make sb. /sth. do sth. 让某人让某人/某物做某事某物做某事其被动形式为：其被动形式为：sb. /sth. be made to do sth. 答案：答案：make people relaxed eat to stand6. She is as slim as I am. 她和我一样苗条。她和我一样苗条。I think music is _ art. I like both of them. A. so interesting as B. as interesting asC. as more interesting as D. so more interesting asDavid doesnt study as hard as his sister. (改为同义句改为同义句)His sister studies _ _ David. 【自主归纳【自主归纳】as. . . as. . . 的用法的用法(1)as. . . as. . . 表表示示双双方方程程度度相相同同时时的的比比较较，意意为为“和和一一样样”，其其否否定定形形式式为为not as(so). . . as. . . ，意意为为“和和不不一一样样；不如不如”。(2)(not) as(so). . . as. . . 中间应跟形容词或副词的原级。中间应跟形容词或副词的原级。(3) not as(so). . . as. . . 可以和比较级的句型转换。可以和比较级的句型转换。答案：答案：B harder than7. Kate is both my best friend and my neighbour. 凯特既是我最好的朋友又是我的邻居。凯特既是我最好的朋友又是我的邻居。 _ Liu Dacheng _ Zhu Zhiwen are from farmer families. They both succeeded by working hard. A. Not only; but also B. Both; andC. Either; or D. Neither; norBoth Tom and Bob have been to that island. (改为否定句改为否定句)_ Tom _ Bob _ been to that island. 李娜不但是她家的骄傲，而且也是我们国家的骄傲。李娜不但是她家的骄傲，而且也是我们国家的骄傲。Li Na is _ _ the pride of her family _ _ the pride of our country. both. . . and. . .两者都两者都连接两个主语时，谓语动连接两个主语时，谓语动词用词用_not only. . . but also. . .不但不但而且而且连连接接两两个个主主语语时时，谓谓语语动动词遵循就近原则词遵循就近原则either. . . or. . .或者或者或者或者；要；要么么要么要么neither. . . nor. . .既不既不也也不不四个词组都可以连接任意的两个并列成分四个词组都可以连接任意的两个并列成分【自主归纳】【自主归纳】中考中常考查的几个连词词组中考中常考查的几个连词词组答案：答案：B Neither; nor; has not only; but also复数复数. 词汇运用词汇运用1. (2011宿宿迁迁中中考考)Children in the west usually wear _ (特殊的特殊的) costumes with masks at Halloween. 2. (2011盐盐城城中中考考)Ricky had a _ (please) trip to Lu Mountain last spring. 答案：答案：1. special 2. pleasant 3. (2011常常州州中中考考)If you add some lemonade and sugar，the dish will be much _ (taste). 4. (2011连连云云港港中中考考)He is a _ (honest) boy so we seldom believe what he says. 5. (2011宁宁波波中中考考)David wanted to buy an iPhone 4, but his father didnt _ (同意同意). 答案：答案：3. tastier 4. dishonest 5. agree . 单项选择单项选择1. (2012枣枣庄庄中中考考)I want to write for international _ to become a writer. A. chairs B. computers C. doors D. magazines【解解析析】选选D。句句意意：我我想想给给国国际际杂杂志志写写点点东东西西来来成成为为一一名名作作家。家。chair椅子，椅子，computer电脑，电脑，door门，不合题意。门，不合题意。2. (2012盐城中考盐城中考)Is Tom in the next room? Well, its hard to say. But I heard him _ loudly when I passed by just now. A. speak B. to speak C. spoken D. speaking【解解析析】选选D。考考查查固固定定搭搭配配。hear sb. do sth. 听听见见某某人人干干某某事事；hear sb. doing sth. 听听见见某某人人正正在在干干某某事事。答答语语后后半半句句句句意意：刚刚才经过时，我听见他在大声讲话。故选才经过时，我听见他在大声讲话。故选D。3. (2012滨滨州州中中考考)I am very thirsty. Could you please give me _ water? A. some B. little C. many D. other【解解析析】选选A。考考查查形形容容词词词词义义辨辨析析。some“一一些些”，修修饰饰可可数数名名词词复复数数或或不不可可数数名名词词，一一般般用用于于肯肯定定句句或或表表示示委委婉婉语语气气，希希望望得得到到肯肯定定回回答答的的疑疑问问句句中中；little“几几乎乎没没有有”，修修饰饰不不可可数数名名词词；many“许许多多”，修修饰饰可可数数名名词词复复数数；other“(两两者者中中)另另一一个个的的”。根根据据句句意意“我我很很渴渴，可可以以给给我我一一些些水水吗吗？”可可知知A项项符符合题意。合题意。4. (2011重重庆庆中中考考) _ may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best. A. Somebody B. EverybodyC. Nobody D. None【解解析析】选选B。考考查查不不定定代代词词词词义义辨辨析析。somebody“某某人人”；everybody“每每个个人人”；nobody“没没有有人人”；none“没没有有人人/物物”。根根据据句句意意“如如果果尽尽最最大大的的努努力力，每每个个人人都都有有机机会会成成功功。”可可知知选选B。5. (2011河河南南中中考考)Will you take part in the English speech competition tomorrow? Sure. I see it as a chance to prove _. A. myself B. me C. yourself D. you【解解析析】选选A。考考查查人人称称代代词词、反反身身代代词词的的用用法法。答答句句句句意意为为“当当然然。我我把把它它看看作作是是证证明明自自己己的的一一个个机机会会。”myself “我我自自己己”，同时考查了前后对应。，同时考查了前后对应。 6. (2011聊聊城城中中考考)Well have dinner at Qianxilong Restaurant, which is famous _ its seafood. A. of B. to C. for D. as【解析【解析】选选C。考查固定短语。考查固定短语。be famous for “以以而闻名而闻名”。7. (2011扬扬州州中中考考)He had to retire(退退休休) early _ poor health. A. as a result B. becauseC. so D. because of【解解析析】选选D。考考查查词词汇汇、短短语语辨辨析析。as a result“因因此此(后后常常用用逗逗号号与与句句子子分分开开)”；because“因因为为(连连词词，连连接接句句子子)”；so“所所以以(连连词词，连连接接句句子子)”；because of“因因为为(短短语语，后后跟跟名名词词、代代词词、v. -ing)”。句句意意：他他由由于于身身体体不不好好提提前前退退休休了了。poor health是是个个名词词组，故选名词词组，故选D项。项。8. (2011青青岛岛中中考考)Basketball has a history of nearly 300 years. Today it is still loved by _ the young _ the old. A. both; and B. either; orC. not; but D. neither; nor【解解析析】选选A。考考查查连连词词的的用用法法。由由关关键键词词still “仍仍旧旧”可可推推知知具具有有将将近近三三百百年年历历史史的的篮篮球球至至今今仍仍被被年年轻轻人人和和老老人人所所热热爱爱，故故答案选答案选A，意为，意为“和和两者都两者都”。9. (2011长沙中考长沙中考)How is your father feeling today? Much _. He cant go to work today. A. bad B. worse C. better【解解析析】选选B。考考查查much后后跟跟比比较较级级的的用用法法。一一方方面面，much后后跟跟比比较较级级；另另一一方方面面，由由答答语语中中的的He cant go to work today(今今天他不能去上班了天他不能去上班了). 可知应是病情更糟了，故选可知应是病情更糟了，故选B。10. (2011菏泽中考菏泽中考)Which city is your favourite? Hangzhou, of course. Its the _ place that I want to visit. A. worse B. worst C. better D. best 【解解析析】选选D。考考查查形形容容词词的的比比较较等等级级。由由句句意意“哪哪个个是是你你最最喜喜欢欢的的城城市市？当当然然是是杭杭州州。它它是是我我想想参参观观的的最最好好的的城城市。市。”可知用最高级可知用最高级best，故选，故选D。11. (2011广广州州中中考考)May I have a rest? I have already finished _ the report. A. write B. writingC. to write D. written【解析【解析】选选B。考查动词搭配。考查动词搭配。finish doing sth. 做完某事。做完某事。12. (2011无无锡锡中中考考)Nanjing isnt so large _ Shanghai, however, its the second _ city in East China. A. like; largest B. as; largestC. like; large D. as; large【解解析析】选选B。考考查查形形容容词词的的比比较较等等级级的的用用法法。一一方方面面，not so+形形容容词词/副副词词原原级级+as. . . “不不如如”；另另一一方方面面，the +序序数数词词+最高级最高级+名词单数名词单数“第几最第几最”，故选，故选B。. 完成句子完成句子1. (2012襄襄阳阳中中考考)The old man looks very healthy. Does he often exercise? Yes, he _ (喜欢早晨跑步喜欢早晨跑步). (enjoy)2. (2011陕陕西西中中考考)日日本本大大地地震震后后，世世界界各各地地的的人人们们给给予予了了很很大大的帮助。的帮助。When the big earthquake hit Japan, people _ helped a lot. 答案：答案：1. enjoys running in the morning (every morning)2. all over/around/throughout the world/from different parts of the world3. (2011滨州中考滨州中考)那部电影是那么无聊，以至于我中途想离开。那部电影是那么无聊，以至于我中途想离开。The movie was so boring that it _ halfway through it. 4. (2011日照中考日照中考)因为交通拥挤，今天早上我又迟到了。因为交通拥挤，今天早上我又迟到了。I was late again this morning _ _ the heavy traffic. 5. (2011威海中考威海中考)刘翔是世界上最受欢迎的体育明星之一。刘翔是世界上最受欢迎的体育明星之一。_答案：答案：3. made me want to leave 4. because of5. Liu Xiang is one of the most popular sports stars in the world. 介介绍绍自自己己的的好好朋朋友友是是中中考考的的一一个个热热点点话话题题，这这类类话话题题作作文文一一般般要要求求学学生生写写出出他他们们的的外外貌貌形形象象、职职业业、性性格格特特点点、习习惯惯爱爱好好及及良良好好的的品品质质等等。有有时时还还需需写写出出他他们们良良好好的的品品质质对对我我们们的的启启示。示。(2011盐城中考盐城中考) 初初中中三三年年的的英英语语学学习习中中，我我们们与与北北京京阳阳光光中中学学的的同同学学们们成成了了朝朝夕夕相相处处的的朋朋友友，其其中中Daniel的的善善良良和和助助人人为为乐乐等等优优秀秀品品质质给给我我们们留留下下了了深深刻刻的的印印象象。请请根根据据课课本本内内容容及及下下表表提提示示，用用英英语写一篇题为语写一篇题为“My Friend Daniel”的短文。的短文。DanielAppearanceLikesDislikessportsPersonalityHelpfulhelp an old woman cross the road; Kindwork at the Helping Hands Club；Creativecreate a TV programme. . . What can you learn from him?注意事项：注意事项：1词数：词数：80词左右词左右(已给出的文章开头不计入总词数已给出的文章开头不计入总词数)；2文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；3文章必须包含表格所提供的主要信息，并作适当发挥。文章必须包含表格所提供的主要信息，并作适当发挥。My Friend Daniel My friend Daniel comes from Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. He _【审题谋篇【审题谋篇】 1. 本本篇篇作作文文应应是是一一篇篇介介绍绍朋朋友友的的说说明明文文，其其中中Daniel的的善善良良和和助助人人为为乐乐等等优优秀秀品品质质给给我我们们的的启启示示一一定定要要写写，写写好好这这一一点点会成为这篇作文的亮点。会成为这篇作文的亮点。 2. 人称：第三人称人称：第三人称 3. 时态：一般现在时时态：一般现在时 4. 高分模板：高分模板：【佳作诵读【佳作诵读】 My Friend Daniel My friend Daniel comes from Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. He wears glasses. He likes playing computer games but dislikes doing sports. Daniel is helpful and kind. Once he helped an old woman cross the road. He spends much of his spare time working at the Helping Hands Club. He is such a creative boy that he created aTV programme for a competition. Daniel is also polite and everyone likes him. Daniel is so great that we must learn from him. We will try our best to help each other and get along well with others to create a happy home for both you and me. 【名师点睛【名师点睛】 (1)本本篇篇作作文文完完全全包包括括了了话话题题的的要要求求，将将文文字字内内容容和和图图示示的的要要求求充充分分地地表表达达了了出出来来，让让人人对对Daniel的的外外貌貌形形象象和和性性格格特特点点一目了然。一目了然。 (2)最最后后一一段段虽虽然然只只有有简简单单的的两两句句话话，但但是是却却表表达达得得非非常常到到位，能够让读者对位，能够让读者对Daniel的良好品质对他人的影响产生共鸣。的良好品质对他人的影响产生共鸣。