1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。do my homeworkI have done my homework.my homework have finishedmoved herein 2000I still live hereI have lived here for 11years.I have lived here since 2000/11 years ago.构成构成have/has + 过去分词过去分词现在完成时现在完成时2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。do my hom 现在完成时动词构成现在完成时动词构成 have /has+ v 过去分词过去分词(及物动词及物动词) 助动词助动词否定否定haventhasnt疑问疑问Have you?Has he?答语答语 Yes, 主语主语+have/has. No, 主语主语+havent/hasnt反问句反问句 hasnt./havent.?助动词否定havent疑问Have you?答语 3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的 双双写写ed. 如：如：plan, stop, drop, fit(适合适合), prefer(更喜更喜欢欢), travel4.以以辅音字母辅音字母y，结尾结尾，变，变y为为ied try, study, carry, hurry, cry, worry,copy1.+ed work, plant,call2.e+d live, change, like, love, agree, save, hate, move, arrive, skate, hope, use过去分词的构成过去分词的构成5.特殊特殊:am/is/are-been, see-seen, do-done, go-gone, take-taken, give-given, know-known, speak-spoken write-written, sing-sung , forget-forgotten6.不变：不变： put-put , run-run, come-come 3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的 双写ed. 1.写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词plant _ _ agree_ _plan _ _ stop _ _study_ _ carry_ _am/is _ _ are_ _see _ _ do _ _go _ _ give _ _take _ _ know _ _speak _ _ write _ _put _ _ run _ _come _ _ sing _ _forget _ _ become_ _ planted planted planned plannedstudied studied was been saw seenwent gone took taken spoke spokenput put came come forgot forgottenagreed agreed stopped stoppedcarried carriedwere beendid donegave givenknew known wrote written ran run sang sung became become1.写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词 planted plan标志词标志词: already(肯定句肯定句) yet(否定句和疑问句否定句和疑问句 句末句末)never（否定句（否定句，ever just before(句末）句末）so far, these days, since, for+ 时间段时间段 1.She has not seen this film . She has seen this film.2.I have combed my hair. Have you combed your hair .3.He has watched a video. He has not watched a video . already - yet 已经已经 用于肯定句用于肯定句 用于否定句，疑问句用于否定句，疑问句 yetalreadyalready yet yetalready标志词: already(肯定句) yet(否定句1.Have you _ been to Beijing? 2.I have finished my work_.3.Have you finished your work_?4.She has taught English _ 10 years.5.He has worked in the school _ three years ago.6.I have heard of the story _.3.标志词：标志词：just, yet; since, for;ever, never; already, beforeeveralreadyyetforsincebefore1.Have you _ been to Be1.The Greens _(live) here for almost ten years.2.He _(work) in the factory since 1994.3.His parent _(teach) in this school since they came to the city.4.The child_(sleep)since two hours ago.have livedhas workedhas taughthas slept1.The Greens _(live)5 I _ (do) my homework already.6 He _(not finished) his homework yet.7 _you ever _ (be) to Haiwaii?8 We _ never _ (see) such an exciting match before.9 Mother _ just _(clean) the house. Please dont come in.10 They _(practice) this dialogue twice.have donehas not finishedHavebeenhaveseenhascleanedhave practiced5 I _ (do) my homework 11 I _( not hear) from her yet.12 _they _(be) here recently? Yes, they have.13 I _(be) busy recently.14 -_your father ever _ (travel) to New York? -No, never. 15 He _(not travel) by plane yet.havent heardHave beenhave beenHas travelledhasnt travelled11 I _( not hear)have/has gone tohave/has been to have/has been inhave/has gone to:去了没回去了没回；have/has been to:去过去过已已回回; have/has been in:停停 留一段留一段。 have/has gone tohave/has been1. Where is your father ? He _ _ _ London.2. How many times _ you _ _ Beijing? Never.4. I cant find your mother. Oh, she _ _ _ the cinema.5. I _ never _ _ France.have been tohas gone to have been tohas gone to3 How long Peter the West Hill?hasbeen in 练一练：1. Where is your father ? 注意点一：注意点一：现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。用。 如：如：yesterday, last night, two weeks ago, just now等等 试比较：试比较：The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机飞机是一刻中以前来的（强调动作发生的时间是一刻中以前来的（强调动作发生的时间在过去）在过去）注意点一：1. I have watched the game. When _ you _ it? A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch2-When you your old friend? -The day before yesterday.A will, visit B did ,visit C have ,visited3. Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? Yes, I _ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have, sawCDB1. I have watched the game.2-注意点二、非延续性动词与现在完成时注意点二、非延续性动词与现在完成时短暂性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能与短暂性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能与时间段时间段连用连用。这些动词是：这些动词是：become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, finish,go, join, leave, marry等。等。I have borrowed this book.I have borrowed this book for three days.（错）（错）I have kept this book for three days.非延续性动词要转化成延续性动词才能和时间段连用。非延续性动词要转化成延续性动词才能和时间段连用。注意点二、非延续性动词与现在完成时She has bought the computer for two years.hadbuyhave/has hadShe has bought the computer I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago . kept borrow have/has kept I have borrowed the dictioHis dog has died for two years . been dead die have/has been dead His dog has died for two How long have you come to the United States？ been income tohave/has been in How long have you come to the Ann has gone to China since three months ago.been ingo tohave/has been inAnn has gone to China since thI have got to Paris for one week .been ingot tohave/has been inI have got to Paris for one weMy brother has joined the army for five years. been inbeen a soldier join have/has been inhave/has been a soldier My brother has joined the armyI have left Shanghai for 3 days. been away from Shanghai leave have/has been away I have left Shanghai for The film has begun for 10 minutes. been on begin have/has been on The film has begun for 10 miThe concert has finished for half an hour. been over finish have/has been over The concert has finished f1.I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks. ( )2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.( )A B CA B CB kept B been on3. 这辆自行车我买了两年了。这辆自行车我买了两年了。 Ive _ the bike _ two years.4. He left Nanjing two years ago. He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years.5. The monkey died last month. The monkey _ _ _ for a month.6. A: Hong long _ you _ ( ) B: Two weeks. A.did,get ill B. have,fallen ill C. were,ill D. have,been illhad forhas been away fromhas been deadD1.I have borrowed the book forThe Past Perfect Tense过去完成时1.过去完成时的构成助动词 had + 过去分词过去分词 2. 过去完成时态的含义:主要是表示在过去某个时间主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动作之前或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作已经发生或完成的动作.也就是：也就是： 过去的过去过去的过去.(用于各种人称和数用于各种人称和数)The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时过去6:309:00nowBy the time Jim _, his mom _got uphad cleaned.Last Sunday6:309:00nowBy the time Jim _ 6:50 9:00 now 6:50 9:00 nowBy the time Jim _, his sister _got uphad washed.Last Sunday 6:50 9:00 nowBy t8:309:00nowBy the time Jim _, his grandma _got uphad eaten.Last Sunday8:309:00nowBy the time Jim _8:309:00nowBy the time Jim _, his dad _got uphad goneLast Sunday8:309:00nowBy the time Jim _6:006:106:256:407:10got updid sportstook a showerwashed clotheswent to workWhenBy the time I did sports , I had gotten up .WhenBy the time I took a shower , I had done sports .（到（到时候，到时候，到之前）后接一般过去时的句子，之前）后接一般过去时的句子，主句用过去完成时。主句用过去完成时。6:006:106:256:407:10got updid By the time she got outside, the bus had already left.她出去的时候她出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了公共汽车已经开走了.by the time 意思是意思是 “到到的时候的时候”,相当于相当于 when , 后接后接过去时过去时的句子的句子时时, 主语的谓语动词主语的谓语动词用过去完成时态用过去完成时态.By the time she got outside, t过去完成时态的时间标志用法：过去完成时态的时间标志用法： by (到到为止为止) 过去时间过去时间 如：如：We had finished the article by last Monday. by the end of （到（到末为止）末为止） 过去时间过去时间 如：如：We had learned nine units by the end of last week. before 过去时间过去时间 如：如：They had gone to school before 5:00 this morning. before 从句（从句（一般过去时一般过去时） 如：如：The train had left before I got to the station. when / by the time 从句（从句（一般过去时一般过去时） 如：如：When / By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 如：如：He told a radio interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes.此外，过去完成时还可用于此外，过去完成时还可用于宾语从句宾语从句中。中。 by (到为止) 过去时间 如：He to By the end of last year, I had learned about one thousand English words By the time he was twenty, he had won about ten medals When I got there, they had already left到去年为止，我已经学了大约一千个英语单词。到去年为止，我已经学了大约一千个英语单词。在他二十岁的时候，他已经赢了大约十块奖牌。在他二十岁的时候，他已经赢了大约十块奖牌。当我到那的时候，他们已经离开了。当我到那的时候，他们已经离开了。 By the end of last year, I h用所给动词的适当形式填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空：1. By the end of last week, we _ (study) 9 units.2. We _(reach) the station before ten oclock this morning.3. When I got there, he _(play) tennis for half an hour.4. He said he _never _(see) such an exciting film before.5. By the time she was five, she _（learn） ten English songs.6. When he came in, I _ just _(finish) my homework.7. Before I _(leave) home yesterday, I _ (clean) the house.8. She told me that she _(read) the novel already.9. Mr. Li _ (teach) for ten years before he came here.10.By the time I got to the cinema, the film _(be) on for ten minutes.had studiedhad reachedhad playedhad seenhad learnthad finishedlefthad cleanedhad readhad taughthad been用所给动词的适当形式填空：had studiedhad re