Unit9.ThePearlByJohnSteinbeckGroup 5AboutTheAuthorJohnSteinbeck(19021968)，Americannovelist,storywriter,playwright,andessayist.In1962,wontheNobelPrizeforliteratureforhisrealisticandimaginativewriting,combiningasitdoessympathetichumorandkeensocialperception.(“通过现实主义的、富于想象的创作，表现出通过现实主义的、富于想象的创作，表现出富于同情的幽默和对社会的敏感的观察富于同情的幽默和对社会的敏感的观察”)Becauseofhisstrongsympathyforthemigrantworkersandtheunderdoginhisnovel,hewascalledthespokesmanfortheoppressed（被压迫者的代言人）（被压迫者的代言人）.MajorworksOfMiceandMen人与鼠人与鼠EastofEden伊甸园以东伊甸园以东TheGrapesofWrath愤怒的葡萄愤怒的葡萄Group 5 ThetextisanexcerptfromThePeal(1947)anovelette.Kino,apoorfisherman,foundthePealoftheworldandhopedthatitwouldhelptocurehisbabysillnessascorpionsstingandbringgoodlucktohisfamily.Yet,thenewssweptacrossthetowninnotime.Suddenly,thepealwentintothedreamsofeverybodyincludingboththerichandthepoor.AndKinobecametheobstacleontheirwaytowealth.Obviously,thepeal,which,wasthesymbolofbeauty,purity,andwealth,wouldbecomeanagentofdisaster.Group 5Listen,andtrytofillupthetableaccordingtothequestions.Group 5WhichpeopleareparticularlyinterestedinKinospeal?Andwhathumannaturehaveyouperceivedaboutthem? people of all walks of life their reaction& mental process their concern/ human naturethe priestthe shopkeepers the doctorthe beggars a thoughtful look;amoney of certain repairs;wonderes.to get something for nothinggiggle a little with pleasure;they knew.suddenly luckmoney-oriented and pleasure-seeking grew stern and judicious;eyes rolled up a little.thought of Paristo sell their wares for a good profittry to raise money for one reason or anotherlooked at mens clothes not sold very wellGroup 5Newwords&LanguagePoints1.sting/sti/ vt.刺痛刺痛,使苦恼使苦恼,欺诈欺诈vi.叮叮,刺痛刺痛n.刺刺,刺痛刺痛,讽刺讽刺sb(to/intosth)激怒激怒惹恼或冒犯某人惹恼或冒犯某人e.g.Theirtauntsstunghimtoaction/intofighting.他们冷嘲热讽惹得他采取了行动他们冷嘲热讽惹得他采取了行动/打了起来打了起来.sb(forsth)（为某事物）向某人索取高价（为某事物）向某人索取高价,诈骗某人钱财诈骗某人钱财e.g.Howmuchdidtheystingyoufor?他们骗了你多少钱他们骗了你多少钱?inthetail习语：直到最後才显现出来的坏处习语：直到最後才显现出来的坏处e.g.Theannouncementofthepayrisehadastinginitstailwewouldhavetoworklongerhours.宣布了提高工资有个倒霉事在後头宣布了提高工资有个倒霉事在後头-我们得延长工时我们得延长工时.theofconscience良心的谴责良心的谴责Group 52.scorpion/sk:pin/ n. 蝎子, 心黑的人 Scorpion 天蝎座 Capricorn 魔蝎座 Cancer 巨蟹座 Tropic of Cancer 北回归线 Tropic of Capricon 南回归线 Group 53.A town is a thing like a colonial animal.A town has a nervous system and a head and shoulders and feet. 第一句为一个明喻（simile），把一个小镇比喻成生活在生态群体中的一个动物。紧接着用暗喻（metaphor）来说明这样比喻的原因。一个小镇中消息传播如此的快，仿佛小镇有神经系统一样；另外，小镇有不同的社会阶层，各种各样的人，仿佛动物的头、肩、脚等不同部位一样。（见P151.Notes1）Group 5SIMILEa town is like a colonial animal a town is like a colonial animal the black distillate was like the scorpion, or like , or the black distillate was like the scorpion, or like , or like like METAPHORa town has a nervous system and a head and a town has a nervous system and a head and shoulders and feetshoulders and feeta town has a whole emotiona town has a whole emotionthe news washed in a foaming wave into the town the news washed in a foaming wave into the town the doctors eyes rolled up a little in their fat the doctors eyes rolled up a little in their fat hammockshammocksGroup 54.A town is a thing separate from all other towns,so that there are no two towns alike. separate a.分离的；各别的 v.使分离；区分； 辨析：divide,separate,part,divorce,isolate,segregate,insulate 这些动词均有这些动词均有“分开，分离，隔离分开，分离，隔离”之意。之意。divide：指把一个整体按要求分成几个部分，暗示分配之意。：指把一个整体按要求分成几个部分，暗示分配之意。separate：指把两个人或物分开，着重从原属一个整体中移居一部分或把指把两个人或物分开，着重从原属一个整体中移居一部分或把两者隔开。两者隔开。part：多指使紧密相连的人或物分开，往往暗示最后分离的意味。多指使紧密相连的人或物分开，往往暗示最后分离的意味。divorce：特指两个或更多互为依赖的事物的分离，尤指婚姻的合法解体。特指两个或更多互为依赖的事物的分离，尤指婚姻的合法解体。isolate：侧重指完全分离、隔开，也指人或处于完全孤立的状态。侧重指完全分离、隔开，也指人或处于完全孤立的状态。separate：指一般意义上的分开或隔开。指一般意义上的分开或隔开。segregate：指把一群人或物从整体或主体中分离出来。指把一群人或物从整体或主体中分离出来。insulate：指隔开、分离，尤指用某种东西阻挡从里面逃出或从外面进入指隔开、分离，尤指用某种东西阻挡从里面逃出或从外面进入的东西。作技术用词时，专指用某种绝缘体隔断通路。的东西。作技术用词时，专指用某种绝缘体隔断通路。Group 5fencefence/fens/ /fens/ n.n.栅栏栅栏, , 围墙围墙, , 买卖赃物的人买卖赃物的人 v. v.用篱笆围住用篱笆围住, , 束缚束缚, , 击剑击剑, , 回避回避 fencer fencer 击剑运动员击剑运动员. fencing . fencing 击剑术击剑术; ; 击剑运动击剑运动. . (with sb/sth) (with sb/sth) 回避回避; ; 避免作正面回答避免作正面回答: : E.G. Stop fencing with me answer my question! E.G. Stop fencing with me answer my question! 别躲躲闪闪别躲躲闪闪-回答我的问题回答我的问题! ! 5.5.News seems to move faster than small boys News seems to move faster than small boys can scramble and dart to tell it, faster than can scramble and dart to tell it, faster than women can call it over the women can call it over the fencesfences. . Small boys are usually unable to keep quiet about Small boys are usually unable to keep quiet about anything they know, and tend to run around talking anything they know, and tend to run around talking about it; women are likewise supposedly good at about it; women are likewise supposedly good at spreading news through gossiping; but thespreading news through gossiping; but the news that news that Kino had a large and valuableKino had a large and valuable pearl traveled faster than pearl traveled faster than either.either. Group 56.6.the nerves of the town were the nerves of the town were pulsingpulsing and and vibratingvibrating with with the newsKino had found the Pearl of the World.the newsKino had found the Pearl of the World. p pulseulse n. n.脉搏；脉冲脉搏；脉冲脉搏；脉冲脉搏；脉冲 vi. vi.搏动，跳搏动，跳搏动，跳搏动，跳feel/take sbs pulse feel/take sbs pulse have/keep ones finger on the pulse have/keep ones finger on the pulse 诊脉诊脉诊脉诊脉; ; 按脉按脉按脉按脉; ; 把脉把脉把脉把脉 (through sth) (through sth) 强烈而有规律地跳动强烈而有规律地跳动强烈而有规律地跳动强烈而有规律地跳动; ; 搏动搏动搏动搏动; ; 振动振动振动振动: :e.g. The news sent the blood pulsing through his veins. e.g. The news sent the blood pulsing through his veins. 这消息使他的血液都沸腾起来了这消息使他的血液都沸腾起来了这消息使他的血液都沸腾起来了这消息使他的血液都沸腾起来了. . vibrate vibrate /vaibreit/ vt. (/vaibreit/ vt. (使使使使) )振动振动振动振动, (, (使使使使) )摇摆摇摆摇摆摇摆 vi. vi. 回响回响回响回响, , 颤动颤动颤动颤动 辨析：辨析：辨析：辨析：shake,tremble,shiver,quiver,vibrate,shudder shake,tremble,shiver,quiver,vibrate,shudder 这些动词均含这些动词均含这些动词均含这些动词均含“ “震动，颤抖震动，颤抖震动，颤抖震动，颤抖” ”之意。之意。之意。之意。shakeshake：指人或物不自主地颤动、摇摆，常侧重剧烈和无规律。：指人或物不自主地颤动、摇摆，常侧重剧烈和无规律。：指人或物不自主地颤动、摇摆，常侧重剧烈和无规律。：指人或物不自主地颤动、摇摆，常侧重剧烈和无规律。trembletremble：指由于寒冷、虚弱、愤怒或恐惧等而发抖、战栗。：指由于寒冷、虚弱、愤怒或恐惧等而发抖、战栗。：指由于寒冷、虚弱、愤怒或恐惧等而发抖、战栗。：指由于寒冷、虚弱、愤怒或恐惧等而发抖、战栗。shivershiver：指因寒冷或情绪突变而出现的短时间的轻微和快速的颤抖。：指因寒冷或情绪突变而出现的短时间的轻微和快速的颤抖。：指因寒冷或情绪突变而出现的短时间的轻微和快速的颤抖。：指因寒冷或情绪突变而出现的短时间的轻微和快速的颤抖。quiverquiver：多用于指事物。指物体像乐器的弦一般地轻微而急速地颤动。：多用于指事物。指物体像乐器的弦一般地轻微而急速地颤动。：多用于指事物。指物体像乐器的弦一般地轻微而急速地颤动。：多用于指事物。指物体像乐器的弦一般地轻微而急速地颤动。vibratevibrate：指急速地连续震动，也指钟摆等的来回摆动。：指急速地连续震动，也指钟摆等的来回摆动。：指急速地连续震动，也指钟摆等的来回摆动。：指急速地连续震动，也指钟摆等的来回摆动。shuddershudder：着重指由于恐惧、震惊等而引起的全身突然而强烈地战栗。：着重指由于恐惧、震惊等而引起的全身突然而强烈地战栗。：着重指由于恐惧、震惊等而引起的全身突然而强烈地战栗。：着重指由于恐惧、震惊等而引起的全身突然而强烈地战栗。Group 57.7.Before panting little boys could Before panting little boys could stranglestrangle out the out the words, their mothers knew it.words, their mothers knew it.stranglestrangle -to kill sb by squeezing their throat tightly so that they cannot breathe strangle e.g. The victim had been strangled with a nylon stocking. e.g. The victim had been strangled with a nylon stocking. -to limit or prevent the growth or development of sth.e.g. Parents should never strangle childrens creativity.e.g. Parents should never strangle childrens creativity. strangle sth outstrangle sth out- to get sth out with difficulty(In the text, “strangle out the words” means _) to speak with much difficulty because they are so eager to speakGroup 5sweepsweep- remove sth with or as if with a broom or brushe.g. Have the stairs been swept clean?e.g. Have the stairs been swept clean?- move sth/sb powerfully by pushing, flowing, etc- move quickly over (an area, a group, etc)e.g. Rumors swept through the town. e.g. Rumors swept through the town. e.g. She was swept away by the crowd and lost sight of e.g. She was swept away by the crowd and lost sight of her son completely. her son completely. - to look quickly at all of somethinge.g. His eyes swept over the young lady appraisingly. e.g. His eyes swept over the young lady appraisingly. 8.8.The news The news sweptswept on past the brush houses, and it on past the brush houses, and it washed in a foaming wave into the town of stone and washed in a foaming wave into the town of stone and plasterplasterThe news spread from one brush house to another and continued to travel fast into the town,Group 59.9. or married him or married him for for that matterthat matteror even conducted his or even conducted his marriage ceremony marriage ceremony When Kino and his wife got married, the priest When Kino and his wife got married, the priest refused to conduct the marriage ceremony refused to conduct the marriage ceremony because Kino had no money. because Kino had no money. for that matterfor that matter=for the matter offor the matter of thatthat- spoken so far as that is concerned; as for that；this phrase is used to say that what you are saying about one thing is also true about something else 就此而言，而且就此而言，而且e.g.e.g. Dont talk like that to your mother, or to Dont talk like that to your mother, or to anyone else for that matter.anyone else for that matter.Group 510.AndwhenitwasmadeplainwhoKinowas,thedoctorgrewsternandjudiciousatthesametime.Sternadj.严厉的严厉的,严峻的严峻的,苛刻的苛刻的,坚决的坚决的n.尾部尾部,船尾船尾e.g.Sternasheis,heisfullofsympathy.虽然他严格，却富有同情心。虽然他严格，却富有同情心。fromstemtostern从头到尾从头到尾（习语）（习语）e.g.Thelinerhasbeenrefittedfromstemtostern.那艘班轮已经全面整修那艘班轮已经全面整修.judiciousadj.明智的，有判断力的，有见识的明智的，有判断力的，有见识的ajudiciouschoice/decision/remark明智的选择明智的选择/决定决定/言语言语.judiciouslyadv.明智地明智地judiciousnessn.明智明智Paraphrase:WhenthedoctorrealizedthatKinowasthemanwhohadaskedforhishelp,hebecameserious(aboutthetreatment)andwise(abouthowhecouldgain).Group 511.AndthedoctorseyesrolledupalittleintheirfathammockandhethoughtofParis.Herememberedtheroomhehadlivedinthereasagreatandluxuriousplace.For a moment the doctors eyes were focused on For a moment the doctors eyes were focused on For a moment the doctors eyes were focused on For a moment the doctors eyes were focused on nothing as his thoughts turned to Paris.nothing as his thoughts turned to Paris.nothing as his thoughts turned to Paris.nothing as his thoughts turned to Paris.Paraphrase:PARISPARIS is a symbol of _ is a symbol of _luxurious & extravagant lifeluxurious & extravagant lifeHe thought of Paris He thought of Paris becausebecause _ the profit he can make the profit he can make from treating Kinos son will enable him to enjoy a from treating Kinos son will enable him to enjoy a long holiday in Paris extravagantly.long holiday in Paris extravagantly.Group 512.Thenewscameearlytothebeggarsinthefrontofthechurch,anditmadethemgigglealittlewithpleasure,fortheyknewthatthereisnoalms-giverintheworldlikeapoormanwhoissuddenlylucklyalms-giver:施舍者施舍者Group 5