配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 Period ThreeGrammar配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 1willwill除了具有“将要”“愿意” 等基本含义外，还可表示推测、猜测、推论、估计等，表示依据直觉、知识、经验等做出的揣测，也可表示根据自然规律必然会发生。will与be going to表示推测配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 Theres a ring at the door.That will be the postman，I suppose.门铃响了，我想可能是邮差来了。It will be snowing now in London.现在伦敦大概在下雪吧。Oil and water will not mix.油和水不相溶。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 2be going tobe going to除了具有“将要”“ 准备”“ 打算”等基本含义外，还可表示预计要发生、不可避免会发生之意，而且这种预计或推断是根据目前观察到的某种迹象、证据作出的。英国语言学家R.Quirk将be going to的这种含义称为“现在原因的将来结果(future result of present cause)”。Youre going to have trouble with that car before long.这辆车很快就会给你带来麻烦的。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 Im going to be fifty next month.下个月我就50岁了。Shes going to have a baby.她要生孩子了。I mean to go，and nothing is going to stop me.我想走，什么也阻止不了我。It looks as if hes going to win the game.他似乎快要赢得比赛了。Look at these dark cloudstheres going to be a storm.看看那些乌云，暴风雨快来了。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 条件句包含条件状语从句的句子通常称为条件句。条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是非真实条件句。1真实条件句有些条件句表示可能成为现实的情况，被称为真实条件句。真实条件句的构成和用法如下：配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 (1)由“if引导的条件状语从句(一般现在时)主句(陈述句一般将来时)”构成，表示假设的情况有可能发生。If the rain stops，the match will begin.如果雨停了，就要开始比赛。If you go to the Science Museum，you will see a lot of interesting exhibitions.如果去科技博物馆，你就会看到很多有趣的展览。If people dont stop polluting the air，animals and plants will soon die.如果空气污染得不到控制，动植物不久将灭亡。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 (2)由“if引导的条件状语从句(一般现在时)主句(祈使句)”构成，常用来表达建议、请求、命令等。If you feel sleepy，go to bed.如果你困了，就上床睡吧。If you want an interesting day out，visit the Science Museum.如果你想度过有趣的一天，就去参观科技博物馆。If she comes，phone me.如果她来了，给我打个电话。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 2非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)有些条件句表示不大可能实现的或与事实相反的情况，被称为非真实条件句。非真实条件句的用法和谓语形式如下表：用 法if从句主 句表示与过去事实相反had过去分词should/would/could/mighthave过去分词表示与现在事实相反过去式(be动词用were)should/would/could/might动词原形表示与将来事实相反过去式(be动词用were)should/would/could/might动词原形should/were to动词原形配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 If I were you，I would invite him to the party.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。If I didnt do exercise every day，I wouldnt be so strong.如果不是每天锻炼，我身体不会那么结实的。If we should fail in this matter，we would be ruined.如果这件事失败，我们就毁了。If I asked him，hed help us.如果向他提出请求，他会帮我们。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.如果没有堵车，我会早一点儿到达。If I had met Li Hua，I could have told him.如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉他了。If they had invited her，she would have attended it.如果他们邀请她，她就会参加了。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 语法专练1If my car_more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.Awas Bhad beenCshould be Dwould be【答案】B句意：如果我的车更加可靠的话，去年夏天我就开车去拉萨而不乘飞机啦。本题考查虚拟语气。if从句与过去事实相反，故应用过去完成时。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 2Your new product_better if it is advertised on TV.Asells BsoldCwill sell Dwould sell【答案】C条件句用一般现在时，主句用将来时。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 3By the time you have finished this book，your meal _cold.Agets Bhas gotCwill get Dis getting【答案】C句意：到你完成这本书的时候，你的饭将会变凉了。考查时态。根据前一句by the time you have finished this book，可知是饭菜凉是将来的事情。故选C。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 4Look at the brown jeep！It was so fast！Im afraid there _an accident.Ashould be Bis going to beCis sure to be Dmust be【答案】B依靠观察到的迹象做出的判断。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 5Be careful！Dont get the orange juice on your skirt，for it_.Aisnt washing out Bwont be washed outCisnt washed out Dwont wash out【答案】D表示根据知识做出的判断，表示主语的特征，用主动式。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 6Our lab_next month.Awill finish Bwill be finishedCbe finished Dfinish【答案】B根据题意应该用将来时的被动式。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 7If their marketing plans succeed，they_ their sales by 20 percent.Awill increase Bhave been increasingChave increased Dwould be increasing【答案】A条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 8If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring，you _fresh watermelon in the fall.Aeat Bwould eatChave eaten Dwill be eating【答案】D句意：如果在春天种下西瓜种子，秋天你就会吃到新鲜的西瓜。本题考查动词时态。A项为一般现在时，B项为过去将来时态，C项为现在完成时，D项为将来进行时，表将来某时间正在进行或某阶段内一直在进行的动作。in the fall为表示将来的时间状语，故答案为D。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 9This printer is of good quality.If it_break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense.Awould BshouldCcould Dmight【答案】Bif引导的条件状语从句表示与将来事实相反的假设，谓语动词应用“should动词原形”。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 10If he_my advice，he wouldnt have lost his job.Afollowed Bshould followChad followed Dwould follow【答案】C句意：如果他(当时)接受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了。本题考查虚拟语气。因为if条件句表示与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 11Why are you taking the picture down?I_the wall.Awill paint Bam paintingCam going to paint Dwill have painted【答案】Cbe going to表示计划打算好要发生的事。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 12I thought I asked you to fix the radio.Oh，Im sorry.I_it right away.Aam to do Bwill doCwas about to do Dam going to do【答案】Bwill表示说话时临时做出的决定。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 13You will be late_you leave immediately.Aunless Buntil Cif Dor【答案】Aunless：除非，如果不；相当于if.not。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 14Can I stay at home tomorrow?Yes，you can if it_.Awill snow Bis going to snowCsnows Dsnowed【答案】C条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 15I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she_，she would have met my brother.Ahas come Bdid comeCcame Dhad come【答案】D与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 16They_have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.Awill Bcan Cmust Dshould【答案】D考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。will have done：将来可以完成；can have done：可能做过吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done：一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done：本来应该做某事，而实际没做。but their flight was delayed说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 17I_sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.Ahad come Bwas comingCwould come Dwould have come【答案】D考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。but I didnt know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语should/would/could/mighthave done表达，故选D。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 18Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I_it，but I was busy preparing for a job interview.Aattended Bhad attendedCwould attend Dwould have attended【答案】D考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。对过去的虚拟，用“主语should/would/could/mighthave done”表达，故选D。配北师大版英语必修配北师大版英语必修2 19I_through that bitter Period without your generous help.Acouldnt have gone Bdidnt goCwouldnt go Dhadnt gone【答案】A考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。that bitter period表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用“主语should/would/ could/mighthave done”表达，故选A。