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九、复合句、并列句、简单句九、复合句、并列句、简单句1.(2009山东山东,24) Whenever I met her, was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile. A.whoB.which C.whenD.that 解析解析 此处考查此处考查whichwhich引导的非限制性定语从句。引导的非限制性定语从句。 句意为:无论何时我遇见她,她都会一如既往地句意为:无论何时我遇见她,她都会一如既往地 向我微笑。向我微笑。B2.(2009山东山东,28) The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother. A.whereB.what C.howD.who 解析解析 remainremain在此意为在此意为“留下,逗留留下,逗留”,where where she she was was在句中作地点状语。句意为:这个迷路的小女在句中作地点状语。句意为:这个迷路的小女 孩决定待在她原来的地方等待她妈妈。孩决定待在她原来的地方等待她妈妈。A3.(2009江苏,江苏,31) unemployment and crime are high,it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. A.BeforeB.Where C.UnlessD.Until 解析解析 根据句意可知此题应该选根据句意可知此题应该选B B项。句意为:在项。句意为:在 那些失业率和犯罪率都很高的地方,我们可以认那些失业率和犯罪率都很高的地方,我们可以认 为后者是由于前者的原因。为后者是由于前者的原因。B4.(2009宁夏宁夏,24) Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please? A.whoB.what C.whoeverD.whatever 解析解析 句意为:请问一下我能不能和负责国际贸句意为:请问一下我能不能和负责国际贸 易的人说话?易的人说话?speak tospeak to后接后接sbsb. .,故排除,故排除B B、D D。句。句 中中toto后跟宾语从句,而且从句中又缺少主语,并且后跟宾语从句,而且从句中又缺少主语,并且 是不确指,故排除是不确指,故排除A A。C5. (2009宁夏宁夏,28) She brought with her three friends,none of I had ever met before.A.themB.who C.whomD.these 解析解析 句意为:她带来了她的三个朋友,以前我句意为:她带来了她的三个朋友,以前我 一个也没见过。本句中前句是一个完整的句子,一个也没见过。本句中前句是一个完整的句子, 但没用句号,用了逗号,并且中间也没有连词,但没用句号,用了逗号,并且中间也没有连词, 所以后一个分句应是前一个分句的定语从句,又所以后一个分句应是前一个分句的定语从句,又 因因ofof为介词,其后必须跟宾语,故选为介词,其后必须跟宾语,故选C C。C6.(2009江苏江苏,23) Because of the financial crisis,days are gone local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuanyuan for one night. A.ifB.when C.whichD.since 解析解析 句意为:因为金融危机,当地五星级旅馆每句意为:因为金融危机,当地五星级旅馆每 晚收费晚收费6 000 6 000 元的日子已经一去不复返了。元的日子已经一去不复返了。whenwhen引引 导一个限制性定语从句修饰先行词导一个限制性定语从句修饰先行词days,days,并且在从并且在从 句中作状语。句中作状语。 B7.(2009江苏江苏,34) Many young people in the West are expected to leave could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck. A.asB.that C.whichD.what 解析解析 分析句子结构,分析句子结构,leaveleave需要一个宾语;需要一个宾语; could becould be需要一个主语,所以要选一个能引导宾需要一个主语,所以要选一个能引导宾 语从句且能在句子中作主语的词,只有语从句且能在句子中作主语的词,只有whatwhat能满能满 足要求。足要求。D8. (2009天津天津,5) A person e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e- mails. A.whoB.whom C.whoseD.whoever 解析解析 e-mail accounte-mail account前缺少定语,故用前缺少定语,故用whose whose 引导定语从句,相当于引导定语从句,相当于the e-mail account of the e-mail account of whom whom。C9.(2009天津天津,7) It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future. A.asB.which C.whetherD.that 解析解析 句中句中itit为形式主语,为形式主语,thatthat引导的主语从句为引导的主语从句为 真正的主语。句意为:对学生们来说,他们应当为真正的主语。句意为:对学生们来说,他们应当为 未来做好充分的准备是很明显的。未来做好充分的准备是很明显的。D10. (2009天津天津,14) I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin. A.asB.which C.whenD.though 解析解析 asas引导比较或方式状语从句时,一般采用引导比较或方式状语从句时,一般采用 正常语序,但在正式语体里,正常语序,但在正式语体里,asas从句有时也采用从句有时也采用 倒装语序,即倒装语序,即as I doas I do或或as do Ias do I。句意。句意 为:为:,像住在天津市区的许多商人一样。,像住在天津市区的许多商人一样。A11.(2009陕西陕西,11) Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. A.of whichB.with which C.about whichD.into which 解析解析 argue about argue about sthsth. .争论某事;争论某事;argue with argue with sbsb. .与某人争论。句意为:枪支的控制是很长时与某人争论。句意为:枪支的控制是很长时 间以来美国人争论的话题。间以来美国人争论的话题。C12. (2009陕西陕西,17) The bow-to book can be of help to wants to do the job. A.whoB.whomever C.no matter whoD.whoever 解析解析 此处介词此处介词toto后缺少宾语从句,而宾语从句后缺少宾语从句,而宾语从句 又缺少主语,应用又缺少主语,应用whoever,whoever,相当于相当于anyone who,anyone who,意意 为为“无论谁无论谁”。C C项只引导让步状语从句。项只引导让步状语从句。D13.(2009上海上海,37) It is not immediately clear the financial crisis will soon be over. A.sinceB.what C.whenD.whether 解析解析 这是这是itit作形式主语的名词性从句。句意为作形式主语的名词性从句。句意为: : 金融危机是否会很快结束不会立刻明朗的。若主金融危机是否会很快结束不会立刻明朗的。若主 语从句中去掉语从句中去掉soonsoon,也可以选,也可以选C C项,即项,即“金融危机金融危机 什么时候会结束什么时候会结束”;whatwhat在从句中没法与其他成分在从句中没法与其他成分 搭配;搭配;sincesince自从自从以来,不合句意。以来,不合句意。D14.(2009江西江西,33) The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A.whatB.which C.thatD.though 解析解析 分析句式结构可知此处缺少同位语从句的分析句式结构可知此处缺少同位语从句的 引导词,从句意义、结构均完整,所以选引导词,从句意义、结构均完整,所以选thatthat。C15.(2009上海上海,34) Mozarts birthplace and the house he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. A.whereB.when C.thereD.which 解析解析 由由birthplacebirthplace和和house.are.house.are.可知,句可知,句 中中 he composed he composed “The Magic FluteThe Magic Flute”是是 一个定语从句,且定语从句中主谓宾成分齐全,一个定语从句,且定语从句中主谓宾成分齐全, 因此缺少的是状语,即因此缺少的是状语,即“在在地方地方”作的作的魔笛魔笛 这支曲子,因此用这支曲子,因此用wherewhere。A复合句复合句 1.主语从句主语从句 (1)引导主语从句的关联词有)引导主语从句的关联词有:that(不充当句子不充当句子成分成分,仅起引导作用仅起引导作用,通常用通常用it作形式主语作形式主语),whether,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,where,when,how,why。 (2)主语从句能用)主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常用作形式上的主语。常用it作作形式主语的句型有:形式主语的句型有: it+be+形容词(形容词(obvious,natural,surprising,wonderful,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。从句。 it+be+名词词组(名词词组(no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that从句。从句。 it+be+过去分词过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。从句。 It+seem,happen等不及物动词及短语等不及物动词及短语+that从从句。句。 It doesnt matter (makes no difference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句。句。 (3)注意连接代词)注意连接代词whoever,whatever,whichever等引导主语从句的含等引导主语从句的含义。义。 Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who)来的人将受到欢迎。来的人将受到欢迎。 2.宾语从句宾语从句 (1)引导宾语从句的关联词有四类:引导宾语从句的关联词有四类:that(在宾语在宾语从句中常可以省略);从属连词从句中常可以省略);从属连词if/whether;连接代连接代who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever;连接副词;连接副词where,when,how,why。 (2)在)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词等动词形成的否定句中,否定词前移。形成的否定句中,否定词前移。 I dont suppose he cares,does he? 我想他不在意,是吗?我想他不在意,是吗? (3)在)在think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,hope等动词以及等动词以及Im afraid等后,可用等后,可用so代替一个肯代替一个肯定的宾语从句,还可以用定的宾语从句,还可以用not代替一个否定的宾语从代替一个否定的宾语从句。如:句。如:I believe so./I dont believe so.(I believe not.) (4)宾语从句的时态变化规律:)宾语从句的时态变化规律:当主句是一当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可根据需要用任何时态。般现在时态时,从句可根据需要用任何时态。当主当主句是一般过去时态时,从句只能使用过去范围内的任句是一般过去时态时,从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。何时态。但客观真理除外。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳转。老师说地球绕着太阳转。 3.表语从句表语从句 (1)引导表语从句的关联词有)引导表语从句的关联词有that,whether,as,as if,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,where,when,how,why。 (2)where,why,because,how等引导的从句等引导的从句作作This is或或That is的表语时,表示地点、原因、方的表语时,表示地点、原因、方式等。式等。 This is why we put off the sports meet. 这就是我们为什么要延期举行运动会的原因。这就是我们为什么要延期举行运动会的原因。 (3)连词)连词because可引导表语从句。可引导表语从句。 I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做的太多。我想这是因为你做的太多。 (4)主语是)主语是reason时,表语从句常用时,表语从句常用that,不用不用because。 The reason why he didnt come was that he was ill. 他没来是因为他病了。他没来是因为他病了。 4.同位语从句同位语从句 (1)同位语从句的先行词多为)同位语从句的先行词多为 fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,promise,truth,report,remark等,关联词多用从属连词等,关联词多用从属连词that(不用(不用which)。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come? 你从哪儿听说我不能来?你从哪儿听说我不能来? (2)同位语从句偶尔由从属连词)同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。引导。I have no idea whether hell come or not. 我不知道他是否来。我不知道他是否来。 (3)that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别that引导同位语从句时只起连接从句的作用,无意义,引导同位语从句时只起连接从句的作用,无意义,不充当句子成分,不可省。不充当句子成分,不可省。that在定语从句中不仅起在定语从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分,如果在定语从句中连接作用,还充当一个句子成分,如果在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。作宾语时可省略。 The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.(同位语从句,(同位语从句,that不可省)不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me yesterday is true.(定语从句,(定语从句,that在从句中作在从句中作told的宾语,可省)的宾语,可省) 他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 5.定语从句定语从句 (1)注意关系代词)注意关系代词that的用法。的用法。 All that can be done has been done. 能做的都做了。能做的都做了。 I have read all the books that you gave me. 我已经读完了你给我的所有的书。我已经读完了你给我的所有的书。 Beihai Park is one of the most beautiful parks that was built about 200 years ago. 北海公园是北海公园是200年前建造的最美丽的公园之一。年前建造的最美丽的公园之一。 (2)关于)关于“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”。 能作介词宾语的关系代词只有能作介词宾语的关系代词只有whom和和which,先先行词指人时,用行词指人时,用whom,先行词指物时用先行词指物时用which。介词。介词的选定有两个原则,一是看从句中的动词和哪个介词的选定有两个原则,一是看从句中的动词和哪个介词可构成固定搭配,二是看句中需用哪个介词句意才符可构成固定搭配,二是看句中需用哪个介词句意才符合逻辑。合逻辑。 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5 30,by which many people have got home.(根据句意,用根据句意,用by which,意为意为“到这个时候到这个时候”) 在办公室里,五点半以前我没有时间,而到这在办公室里,五点半以前我没有时间,而到这个时候,很多人都已经回家了。个时候,很多人都已经回家了。 In the dark street,there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.(turn to sb.for help是固定搭配)是固定搭配) 在漆黑的街道上,没有一个人可以让她求助。在漆黑的街道上,没有一个人可以让她求助。 (3)当先行词是表示时间、地点的名词时,不)当先行词是表示时间、地点的名词时,不能草率地认为定语从句就一定用能草率地认为定语从句就一定用when和和where引导,引导,需弄清所缺的关系词在从句中的作用才能选择恰当的需弄清所缺的关系词在从句中的作用才能选择恰当的关系词。需要牢记的是:关系副词在定语从句中只能关系词。需要牢记的是:关系副词在定语从句中只能作状语。即使先行词是表示时间、地点的名词,但如作状语。即使先行词是表示时间、地点的名词,但如果所缺关系词在从句中是作主语、宾语的话,仍然应果所缺关系词在从句中是作主语、宾语的话,仍然应用关系代词用关系代词which,that。 It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,when for the first time their team won the World Cup. 今年的这个时刻是让很多足球迷激动的一个时刻,今年的这个时刻是让很多足球迷激动的一个时刻,因为他们队第一次赢得了世界杯。因为他们队第一次赢得了世界杯。 比较:比较:This is the museum which/that we visited last year .(that/which是是visited的宾语)的宾语) 这就是我们去年参观的博物馆。这就是我们去年参观的博物馆。 This is the museum where my father used to work .(where是是used to work的地点状语)的地点状语) 这就是我父亲曾经工作过的博物馆。这就是我父亲曾经工作过的博物馆。 Ill never forget the days when I studied in this university .(when是是studied的时间状语)的时间状语) 我永远不会忘记我在这所大学学习的日子。我永远不会忘记我在这所大学学习的日子。 Ill never forget the days which we spent together .(which是是spent的宾语)的宾语) 我永远不会忘记我们在一起的时光。我永远不会忘记我们在一起的时光。 (4)关系词的用与否。)关系词的用与否。 如果两个分句中间用逗号隔开,要求考生在第如果两个分句中间用逗号隔开,要求考生在第二个分句填入一个代词的话,考生首先要弄清句子结二个分句填入一个代词的话,考生首先要弄清句子结构。第二个分句前如有构。第二个分句前如有and,but,or,so等词,它就是等词,它就是并列分句,要用人称代词或指示代词。第二个分句前并列分句,要用人称代词或指示代词。第二个分句前如无如无and,but,or,so等词,它就是一个非限制性定语等词,它就是一个非限制性定语从句,因此应选用关系代词。从句,因此应选用关系代词。 Alice received an invitation from her boss,which came as a surprise. 艾丽丝收到了老板的邀请,这让她很惊讶。艾丽丝收到了老板的邀请,这让她很惊讶。 Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but it didnt help. 汤姆的妈妈一直告诉他要努力工作,但他不听。汤姆的妈妈一直告诉他要努力工作,但他不听。 I shall never forget the years when I lived in the country with the farmers,which has a great effect on me. 我永远也不会忘记和农民们一起住在那个小山村我永远也不会忘记和农民们一起住在那个小山村的日子,这对我影响很大。的日子,这对我影响很大。 (5)as,which引导的非限制性定语从句。引导的非限制性定语从句。as,which都可引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中都都可引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中都能作主语、宾语。但是能作主语、宾语。但是,as除了引导定语从句外,还除了引导定语从句外,还有有“正如正如”、“像像一样一样”的词汇意义,的词汇意义,which没没有这个意思。此外,在句首引导非限制性定语从句时,有这个意思。此外,在句首引导非限制性定语从句时,只能用只能用as。 As is known to all,China will be an advanced powerful country in 20 or 30 years time. 大家都知道,大家都知道,20或或30年之后,中国会成为一个强大年之后,中国会成为一个强大的发达国家。的发达国家。 Carol said the work would be done by October,which personally I doubt very much. 卡洛说工作会在卡洛说工作会在10月前完成,我很怀疑他的说法。月前完成,我很怀疑他的说法。 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,which of course,made the others unhappy. 多萝茜总是高度赞扬她在戏里扮演的角色,这让其多萝茜总是高度赞扬她在戏里扮演的角色,这让其他人很不高兴。他人很不高兴。 (6)如果先行词是如果先行词是way,可用,可用that,in which引引导定语从句,或不用关系代词。导定语从句,或不用关系代词。 I dont like the way that he spoke to me. I dont like the way in which he spoke to me. I dont like the way he spoke to me. 我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。 6.状语从句状语从句 (1)when,as,while 它们都引导时间状语从句,都可作它们都引导时间状语从句,都可作“当当时候时候”解。解。when意为意为“在在时刻或时期时刻或时期”,它可指,它可指“时间点时间点”或或“时间段时间段”,除此之外,除此之外,when还可作还可作“既然既然”解释。解释。as意为意为“一边一边一边一边”或或“随着随着”,着重表示主句与从句的动作同时发生。,着重表示主句与从句的动作同时发生。while只指只指“时间段时间段”,意为,意为“在在期间期间”,它所引导的,它所引导的从句的谓语只能是持续性动词。从句的谓语只能是持续性动词。while还可用作并列还可用作并列连词意为连词意为“而而”“但但”,表对比转折。,表对比转折。 Im going to the post office. While you are there,can you get me some stamps? 我要去邮局了。我要去邮局了。 你去的时候能不能帮我带些邮票回来?你去的时候能不能帮我带些邮票回来? They were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they themselves couldnt. 他们很惊讶一个小孩子居然能做出这道题,而他他们很惊讶一个小孩子居然能做出这道题,而他们自己却不能。们自己却不能。 As the days went on,the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移,天气越来越糟糕。随着时间的推移,天气越来越糟糕。 The train had just started when we arrived at the station. 我们到车站时,火车刚开走。我们到车站时,火车刚开走。 Why do you want a new job when youve got a good one already? 你已经有了一份好工作,为什么还要换呢?你已经有了一份好工作,为什么还要换呢? (2)the moment,the second,the minute,as soon as,directly,immediately都是都是“一一就就”的意思。的意思。the first time,the last time作连词时,作连词时,意为意为“当第一次当第一次的时候的时候”,“当最后一次当最后一次的的时候时候”。no sooner.than,hardly.when,scarcely.when也是也是“一一就就”之意,但它们有时态限制,之意,但它们有时态限制,前面部分用过去完成时,后面用一般过去式。如果前面部分用过去完成时,后面用一般过去式。如果no sooner,hardly,scarcely在句首,句子要倒装(请参在句首,句子要倒装(请参阅阅“倒装倒装”)。)。 Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes.I gave it to her the moment I saw her. 你记得还给玛丽欠她的钱了吗?你记得还给玛丽欠她的钱了吗? 是的,我一看见她就给她了。是的,我一看见她就给她了。 I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次看见她就觉得她很好,而且很诚实。我第一次看见她就觉得她很好,而且很诚实。 (3)before的惯用句型。的惯用句型。 It be+time+before.要过多久才要过多久才 It be+not+time+before.不要多久就不要多久就 当当before引导的从句着重强调从句动作来不及引导的从句着重强调从句动作来不及发生时,全句译为发生时,全句译为“来不及来不及就就”或或“不等不等就就”。 It was not long before I forgot it all. 没过多久我就把这事全忘了。没过多久我就把这事全忘了。 The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他还没来得及冲进房间里去救他的孩子,房子他还没来得及冲进房间里去救他的孩子,房子就已经塌了。就已经塌了。 (4)where引导定语从句时,需跟在一个表示地引导定语从句时,需跟在一个表示地点的名词后,引导地点状语从句时,跟在一个句子后,点的名词后,引导地点状语从句时,跟在一个句子后,注意不要把它们混淆起来。注意不要把它们混淆起来。 After the war,a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre.战争结束后,在原来是一座剧院的地方建起了一所学战争结束后,在原来是一座剧院的地方建起了一所学校。校。 You should make it a rule to leave things where you can find them again. 你应该养成一个习惯:把东西放在你容易找到的你应该养成一个习惯:把东西放在你容易找到的地方。地方。 After living in Paris for fifty years,he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child. 在巴黎住了五十年之后,他回到了童年时居住的在巴黎住了五十年之后,他回到了童年时居住的小镇。小镇。 、中中where引导的是地点状语从句,引导的是地点状语从句,where前是一个句子。前是一个句子。中的中的where前有地点名词前有地点名词the small town,是一个定语从句。是一个定语从句。 (5)no matter+wh-与与wh-+ever(无论无论、不、不管管) no matter+wh-只可引导让步状语从句,只可引导让步状语从句,wh-+ever则既可引导让步状语从句,又能引导名词性则既可引导让步状语从句,又能引导名词性从句。当从句。当wh- + ever引导让步状语从句时,可与引导让步状语从句时,可与no matter+wh-互换。互换。 Well have to finish the job,however long it takes. (however long it takes是让步状语从句,相当是让步状语从句,相当于于no matter how long it takes) 不管用多长时间,我们必须完成这项工作。不管用多长时间,我们必须完成这项工作。 Whoever has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. (whoever引导主语从句,不能改成引导主语从句,不能改成no matter who) 不管是谁救起了这个溺水的小女孩都应该值得不管是谁救起了这个溺水的小女孩都应该值得表扬。表扬。 7.简单句、并列句简单句、并列句 (1)祈使句)祈使句+and/or+主谓结构主谓结构 名词短语名词短语+and+主谓结构主谓结构 Climb to the top of the mountain,and youll get a good view of the city. 爬上山顶,你就会看见这座城市的美丽风景。爬上山顶,你就会看见这座城市的美丽风景。 Hurry up,or youll be late. 快点,不然就迟到了。快点,不然就迟到了。 Another five minutes,and Ill finish the composition. 再给我五分钟,我就能写完作文。再给我五分钟,我就能写完作文。 (2)反意疑问句)反意疑问句 I dont think you can finish your work so soon,can you? 我认为你不会这么快就完成工作,是吗?我认为你不会这么快就完成工作,是吗? (3)并列连词)并列连词when,while,for的特殊用法的特殊用法 It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.(表示推测的原因)表示推测的原因) 昨天晚上一定下雨了,因为地是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了,因为地是湿的。 Some people waste food while others havent enough.(表示对比转折)表示对比转折) 一些人浪费食物,而另一些人却吃不饱。一些人浪费食物,而另一些人却吃不饱。 (4)but,however,while表转折时的区别。表转折时的区别。 (5)There stands/lies/lives/exists/follows.句型。句型。 There stand two huge trees in the middle of the playground. 操场中间有两棵大树。操场中间有两棵大树。 There lies a river in front of our village. 我们村前面有一条小河。我们村前面有一条小河。 There follows a serious debate about his speech. 关于他的讲话进行了一场严肃的讨论。关于他的讲话进行了一场严肃的讨论。思维定式易错点思维定式易错点1.Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm we worked. A.thatB.there C.whichD.where 考生很容易受思维定式的影响而误选考生很容易受思维定式的影响而误选A A项,项,即把原句子的结构认为是强调句型结构,即把原句子的结构认为是强调句型结构,on on the farmthe farm为被强调的部分。但是去掉原题中的为被强调的部分。但是去掉原题中的ItIt waswas和和thatthat后,剩下的句子为后,剩下的句子为We worked on We worked on the farmthe farm.与问句所问的情况不符,故正确答案与问句所问的情况不符,故正确答案应为应为D D。【解题探究解题探究】 D。分析句子结构可知,本题的第二。分析句子结构可知,本题的第二句是一个省略句,正确答案为句是一个省略句,正确答案为where,这里的这里的where we worked是是farm的定语从句,其完整的形式为:的定语从句,其完整的形式为:It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.。2.I saw a woman running toward me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was,she had run back in the direction she had come. A.of whichB.by which C.in whichD.from which 本题是对本题是对“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”形式的定语从句形式的定语从句的考查。考生易受思维定式的影响认为本题中的的考查。考生易受思维定式的影响认为本题中的先行词为先行词为directiondirection,通常与介词通常与介词inin搭配,表示搭配,表示“朝朝方向方向”,进而误选,进而误选C C。【解题探究解题探究】 D。考生在做题时一定要注意,所选。考生在做题时一定要注意,所选择的答案不但要符合语法规则,而且还要符合句意和择的答案不但要符合语法规则,而且还要符合句意和逻辑。句意为:在黑暗中我看到一名女子向我跑来。逻辑。句意为:在黑暗中我看到一名女子向我跑来。还没有等我看清楚她是谁,她就沿着原来的方向跑回还没有等我看清楚她是谁,她就沿着原来的方向跑回去了。根据句意可知,应用介词去了。根据句意可知,应用介词from。故答案选。故答案选D。插入成分干扰的易错点插入成分干扰的易错点1. was most important to her,she told me,was her family. A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As 考生很容易误选考生很容易误选D D项,即认为本题是考查项,即认为本题是考查asas引引导位于句首的非限制性定语从句。导位于句首的非限制性定语从句。【解题探究解题探究】 C。本题中的。本题中的she told me是插入成分,是插入成分,将其去掉后,可以看出将其去掉后,可以看出“ was most important to her”是一个主语从句,在句中作主语,是一个主语从句,在句中作主语,谓语动词为谓语动词为was,表语为表语为her family。该主语从句缺少。该主语从句缺少主语,因为主语,因为it,this和和as均不能引导名词性从句,故选均不能引导名词性从句,故选项项A、B和和D均被排除。均被排除。2. We all know that, ,the situation will get worse. A.not if dealt carefully with B.if not carefully dealt with C.if dealt not carefully with D.not if carefully dealt with 本题是对条件状语从句省略形式的考查。这本题是对条件状语从句省略形式的考查。这种问题在高考试题中经常出现,特别容易出错。种问题在高考试题中经常出现,特别容易出错。【解题探究解题探究】 B。在主从复合句中,当从句的主语。在主从复合句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致,并且从句中的谓语部分含有与主句的主语一致,并且从句中的谓语部分含有be动词时,那么从句中的主语和谓语动词动词时,那么从句中的主语和谓语动词be可以同时可以同时省略。本题中省略。本题中that后接宾语从句,该宾语从句由一个后接宾语从句,该宾语从句由一个复合条件句来充当。横线处的完整形式为:复合条件句来充当。横线处的完整形式为:if the situation is not carefully dealt with,去掉去掉the situation is便可以确定答案了。便可以确定答案了。the situation is可可以被看作插入成分。以被看作插入成分。由分隔而导致的错误由分隔而导致的错误1. The village has developed a lot we learned farming two years ago. A.whenB.which C.thatD.where 考生很容易误选考生很容易误选A A项,认为本题是考查项,认为本题是考查whenwhen引引导时间状语从句。导时间状语从句。【解题探究解题探究】 D。本题是对定语从句中关系词的考。本题是对定语从句中关系词的考查。先行词查。先行词“The village”与其后的定语从句被其他与其后的定语从句被其他较长的成分隔开,由于横线后的句子不缺少成分,故较长的成分隔开,由于横线后的句子不缺少成分,故应用关系副词应用关系副词where,此处此处where相当于相当于in which。2. A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday. A.ifB.when C.thatD.which 考生很容易误选考生很容易误选 A A 项或项或 B B 项,认为应用项,认为应用 whenwhen或或 if if 引导从句。但在本题中引导从句。但在本题中 when when 或或ifif引导时间引导时间状语从句或条件状语从句,虽然在语法结构上是状语从句或条件状语从句,虽然在语法结构上是成立的,但在逻辑上是不成立的。成立的,但在逻辑上是不成立的。【解题探究解题探究】 C。本题中横线处引导的从句是一个。本题中横线处引导的从句是一个被被suddenly came to me分隔开的同位语从句,对分隔开的同位语从句,对thought进行解释说明。为了避免进行解释说明。为了避免“头重脚轻头重脚轻”现象,现象,而将该从句置于句尾。由于横线后边的句子是一个成而将该从句置于句尾。由于横线后边的句子是一个成分不缺、意思完整的句子,故用只起连接作用而没有分不缺、意思完整的句子,故用只起连接作用而没有任何含义的连接词任何含义的连接词that引导。其他选项均不符合题意。引导。其他选项均不符合题意。定语从句与并列句的易错点定语从句与并列句的易错点(2008湖南,湖南,31)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, are beyond our control.A.most of themB.most of whichC.most of whatD.most of that 本题是对非限制性定语从句的考查。考生很本题是对非限制性定语从句的考查。考生很容易把它与并列句弄混,误选容易把它与并列句弄混,误选A A项。由于在定语从项。由于在定语从句中关系代词句中关系代词thatthat不能直接位于介词后不能直接位于介词后;whatwhat不能不能用于定语从句,故选项用于定语从句,故选项C C和和D D可以被排除。可以被排除。【解题探究解题探究】 B。判断句子是定语从句还是并列句,。判断句子是定语从句还是并列句,关键在于看题干中的横线前是否有并列连词关键在于看题干中的横线前是否有并列连词and等,等,如果有,则为并列句,那么如果有,则为并列句,那么A项为正确答案;反之项为正确答案;反之B项为正确答案。本题中,由于无并列连词,故选项项为正确答案。本题中,由于无并列连词,故选项B为正确答案。为正确答案。as从句中的易错点从句中的易错点1. ,he never seems able to do the work beautifully. A.Try as he doesB.As he tries C.Try as does heD.As he does try2. ,he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. A.A quiet student as he may be B.Quiet student as he may be C.Be a quiet student as he may D.Quiet as he may be a student 这两个题均是对这两个题均是对asas在异常语序中用法的考查,在异常语序中用法的考查,是高考英语试题中的中难度题,应引起考生的高是高考英语试题中的中难度题,应引起考生的高度重视。度重视。【解题探究解题探究】 1.A 2.B。as用于异常语序结构时,用于异常语序结构时,表示让步关系,意为表示让步关系,意为“尽管尽管”,通常用于以下几种结,通常用于以下几种结构:构:(1)adjadj ./ advadv . +as+主语主语+谓语。谓语。Much as I have traveled,I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.虽然我已经去过很多地方,但我从未见过像约翰这么虽然我已经去过很多地方,但我从未见过像约翰这么能干的人。能干的人。Hard as he tried,he didnt pass the driving test.虽然他很努力,但他没有能够通过驾驶员考试。虽然他很努力,但他没有能够通过驾驶员考试。(2)可数名词单数)可数名词单数+as+主语主语+谓语。谓语。Child as he is,he knows a lot.尽管他还是一个孩子,但他却懂很多。尽管他还是一个孩子,但他却懂很多。(3)实义动词)实义动词+as+主语主语+助动词(助动词(do的适当形式)的适当形式)或情态动词。或情态动词。Try as he may,he never succeeds.尽管他很努力,但从未成功过。尽管他很努力,但从未成功过。这种结构可以转换为由这种结构可以转换为由though或或although引导的正引导的正常语序的让步状语从句。常语序的让步状语从句。变式后易错点变式后易错点 is reported in the newspapers,talks between the two countries are making progress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What 本题是一道特别经典的试题,经过不同的变本题是一道特别经典的试题,经过不同的变形,四个选项都有可能成为答案,因而考生极易形,四个选项都有可能成为答案,因而考生极易出错。本题选择出错。本题选择B B项,项,asas引导位于句首的非限制性引导位于句首的非限制性定语从句,指代定语从句,指代“talks.progresstalks.progress”这句话的这句话的内容。内容。【解题探究解题探究】 B。(。(1)若将原题改为:)若将原题改为: is reported in the newspapers that talks between the two countries are making progress.那么答案那么答案为为A项。项。“It”在句中作形式主语,指代在句中作形式主语,指代that从句,从句,以避免出现以避免出现“头重脚轻头重脚轻”现象。现象。(2)若将原题改为:)若将原题改为: is reported in the newspapers is that talks between the two countries are making progress.那么答案为那么答案为D项。项。“What.newspapers”是一个主语从句,在句中作是一个主语从句,在句中作主语;句子的谓语动词为主语;句子的谓语动词为is,题中的题中的“that. progress”是一个表语从句。是一个表语从句。(3)若将原题改为:)若将原题改为: talks between the two countries are making progress is reported in the newspapers.那么,此时的答案为那么,此时的答案为C项。此时项。此时“That.progress”是一个主语从句,在句中作是一个主语从句,在句中作主语。主语。whatever与与however引导让步状语从句时的误用引导让步状语从句时的误用1.(2008全国,全国,25) The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit the season. A.whateverB.wherever C.wheneverD.however2.(2008辽宁,辽宁,28) hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.A.WhateverB.Whenever C.WhereverD.However 对对whateverwhatever与与howeverhowever引导的让步状语从句中引导的让步状语从句中的引导词的考查是历年高考中的常考点,考生因的引导词的考查是历年高考中的常考点,考生因弄不清其区别常选错。弄不清其区别常选错。【解题探究解题探究】 1.A 2.D。whatever与与however的的用法区别与感叹句中的用法区别与感叹句中的what与与how的区别类似。在的区别类似。在让步状语从句中,引导词让步状语从句中,引导词whatever修饰的中心词为修饰的中心词为名词,通常其后直接接名词;而引导词名词,通常其后直接接名词;而引导词however修修饰的中心词为形容词或副词,通常其后直接接形容词饰的中心词为形容词或副词,通常其后直接接形容词或副词。故例或副词。故例1应选择应选择whatever,相当于相当于no matter what,其后用陈述语序,其完整形式为其后用陈述语序,其完整形式为.whatever the season is。例。例2应选择应选择however,相当于相当于no matter how,其后用陈述语序。其后用陈述语序。“祈使句祈使句+and/or(else)+陈述句陈述句”结构结构(2008湖南,湖南,24) the website of the Fire Department in your city,and you will learn a lot about firefighting.A.Having searchedB.To searchC.SearchingD.Search 本题是对本题是对“祈使句祈使句+andand+陈述句陈述句”的考查。的考查。分析本题题干中的分析本题题干中的andand.部分可知,横线处应为部分可知,横线处应为动词原形,故选项动词原形,故选项D D为本题的正确答案。为本题的正确答案。【解题探究解题探究】 D。“祈使句祈使句+and+陈述句陈述句”是一个是一个常考句型。常考句型。and前面的祈使句表示一种条件,相当于前面的祈使句表示一种条件,相当于一个条件句,一个条件句,and后的句子表示一种结果。另外,这后的句子表示一种结果。另外,这个句型也满足个句型也满足“主将从现主将从现”的原则,即祈使句部分用的原则,即祈使句部分用一般现在时态,一般现在时态,and后面的句子要用一般将来时态。后面的句子要用一般将来时态。1.(2009济南市二次统考济南市二次统考) The hospital nearby has just got a, youd call it,er. a scanner. A.thatB.which C.whatD.how 解析解析 考查名词性从句。该句比较口语化。句意考查名词性从句。该句比较口语化。句意 为:附近的医院刚搞来一个为:附近的医院刚搞来一个你们叫它什你们叫它什 么么对,扫描器。对,扫描器。C2.(2009济南市二次统考济南市二次统考) Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents students got injured or killed while in school.A.in whichB.for which C.whichD.when 解析解析 该题考查从句。该句中的该题考查从句。该句中的whichwhich是引导词,是引导词, 引导定语从句修饰先行词引导定语从句修饰先行词accidentsaccidents。句意为:由。句意为:由 于经常有学生在学校受伤或死亡的一些报道,学于经常有学生在学校受伤或死亡的一些报道,学 校安全成为一个重要问题。校安全成为一个重要问题。A3. (2009潍坊一次调研潍坊一次调研) A growing anxiety is disturbing the public the economy will continuously decline. A.whichB.that C.whyD.where 解析解析 该题考查名词性从句。该题考查名词性从句。thatthat在句中引导同在句中引导同 位语从句与前面的位语从句与前面的anxietyanxiety构成同位语,解释说明构成同位语,解释说明 前面的前面的anxietyanxiety的内容。的内容。B4.(2009沈阳一模沈阳一模) A brilliant idea occurred to him, to his research in the lab. A.while devoting B.while devoting himself C.while he was devoted D.while devoted 解析解析 考查状语从句。在状语从句中如果主句和考查状语从句。在状语从句中如果主句和 从句的主语一致,同时从句中又含有动词从句的主语一致,同时从句中又含有动词bebe,则,则 可省略从句中的主语和动词可省略从句中的主语和动词bebe。答对此题还要熟。答对此题还要熟 悉悉sb.besb.be devoted to devoted to sth./sb.devotesth./sb.devote oneself oneself to to sthsth. .结构结构, ,意为意为“致力于致力于”。C5.(2009潍坊一次质检潍坊一次质检) English online.com is a free site visitors can not just learn the English language but also chat online. A.whereB.which C.thatD.what 解析解析 该题考查定语从句。该题考查定语从句。wherewhere引导定语从句,引导定语从句, 修饰先行词修饰先行词site,site,同时在定语从句中作状语。同时在定语从句中作状语。A6.(2009潍坊一次质检潍坊一次质检) The professor in the end decided to give the prize to he believed had a good command of English. A.whoB.anyone C.whoeverD.whomever 解析解析 该题考查名词性从句。该题考查名词性从句。whoeverwhoever在句中引导在句中引导 宾语从句,同时在宾语从句中作主语。宾语从句,同时在宾语从句中作主语。C7.(2009潍坊一次质检潍坊一次质检) It was not just the size of the party last night made it unique,but it meant to our company. A.what;thatB.that;what C.what;whatD.that;that 答案答案 B 解析解析 由句子结构可知第一个空用由句子结构可知第一个空用that;that;第二个空第二个空 用用whatwhat引导名词性从句,在从句中作宾语。引导名词性从句,在从句中作宾语。8.(2009青岛市二次质检青岛市二次质检) All is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life. A.what is neededB.for our needs C.the thing neededD.that is needed 解析解析 考查定语从句。在该句中,主语部分含有一考查定语从句。在该句中,主语部分含有一 个定语从句,先行词是个定语从句,先行词是all,all,在主句中作主语,因此在主句中作主语,因此 要用关系代词要用关系代词thatthat。all that is needed=what is all that is needed=what is needed needed。句意为:现在所需要的是基本生活必需品。句意为:现在所需要的是基本生活必需品 的不断的供应。的不断的供应。D9.(2009青岛市二次质检青岛市二次质检) It is exactly we behave has changed the world. A.which;thatB.how;that C.how;whatD.what;that 答案答案 B 解析解析 考查强调句型和主语从句。该句中考查强调句型和主语从句。该句中howhow引导引导 的是主语从句,第二空应填强调结构中的的是主语从句,第二空应填强调结构中的thatthat。10.(2009青岛市一次质检青岛市一次质检) She has been in doctors describe as a vegetative(植植 物的)物的) state for six years. A.whatB.which C.thatD.how 解析解析 该题考查名词性从句。该题考查名词性从句。whatwhat引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 同时在从句中作同时在从句中作describedescribe的宾语。的宾语。A11.(2009青岛市一次质检青岛市一次质检)Where did you meet the famous actress? It was in the supermarket we went shopping last Sunday. A.whichB.that C.where D.there 解析解析 该题考查句式。该题实际考查的是定语从该题考查句式。该题实际考查的是定语从 句,修饰先行词句,修饰先行词supermarketsupermarket。很多考生可能会。很多考生可能会 误以为是强调句。误以为是强调句。C12.(2009日照市二次调研日照市二次调研) great achievements the world may have in the future,the part China will play cant be left out. A.IfB.Whatever C.WhicheverD.However 解析解析 考查让步状语从句。考查让步状语从句。whateverwhatever无论什么,无论什么, 不管什么。句意为:无论将来世界取得多大的成不管什么。句意为:无论将来世界取得多大的成 就,中国发挥的作用都不容忽视。就,中国发挥的作用都不容忽视。B13. (2009日照市二次调研日照市二次调研 ) As to the unemployment,the government has taken a series of measures in many areas, , I am sure,will benefit the people out of work. A.whichB.that C.whatD.where 解析解析 考查非限制性定语从句。考查非限制性定语从句。whichwhich引导的从句引导的从句 修饰前面整个句子,修饰前面整个句子,I am sureI am sure为插入语。为插入语。A14.(2009烟台二模烟台二模) Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for. A.whatB.why C.howD.whether 解析解析 考查名词性从句。考查名词性从句。whatwhat引导一个名词性引导一个名词性 从句,作介词从句,作介词onon的宾语,并且的宾语,并且whatwhat在从句中作在从句中作 forfor的宾语。的宾语。A15.(2009烟台二模烟台二模) Yao Ming set up his My Space Page My Space Page he could respond to his fans. A.whenB.what C.thatD.where 解析解析 考查定语从句。此处为定语从句,先行词考查定语从句。此处为定语从句,先行词 为为My Space Page My Space Page , ,引导词在从句中作状语,引导词在从句中作状语, 表地点,故用表地点,故用wherewhere。D16. (2008烟台二模烟台二模) Just like a voyage at sea,our life journey, days are limited, is full of difficulties. A.whoseB.that C.itsD.which 解析解析 考查定语从句。考查定语从句。whosewhose引导定语从句,且引导定语从句,且 在从句中作在从句中作daysdays的定语。其他几项显然不恰当。的定语。其他几项显然不恰当。A17.(2008济南模拟济南模拟) In British universities,no subjects are compulsory.Students can study they want. A.whereverB.whatever C.howeverD.whoever 解析解析 考查名词性从句。考查名词性从句。whateverwhatever引导名词性从引导名词性从 句,作动词句,作动词studystudy的宾语,且作从句中动词的宾语,且作从句中动词wantwant 的宾语。句意为:英国大学没有什么必修的科的宾语。句意为:英国大学没有什么必修的科 目,学生可以学习任何自己想学的科目。目,学生可以学习任何自己想学的科目。B18. (2008济南模拟济南模拟) Have you ever had a case your teachers were accused of getting the wrong end of the stick? A.thatB.which C.whereD.what 解析解析 考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为case,case,关系代词关系代词 用用where,where,引导定语从句。引导定语从句。C19. (2008淄博市模块检测淄博市模块检测) Most of the roads were covered with thick snow, made our journey more difficult. A.oneB.it C.whichD.that 解析解析 考查非限制性定语从句。这里考查非限制性定语从句。这里whichwhich指代指代 前面的整个句子。前面的整个句子。C20.(2008淄博市质检淄博市质检) The fact she hasnt known the result of the examination is a great surprise to me. A.whichB.that C.whatD.when 解析解析 考查名词性从句。本题中的从句属于名词考查名词性从句。本题中的从句属于名词 性从句中的同位语从句,由于从句意义完整、不性从句中的同位语从句,由于从句意义完整、不 缺少成分,因此应该使用缺少成分,因此应该使用thatthat引导。引导。B1. (2009淄博市质检淄博市质检) The days are gone we studied together at college,but I can still remember your lovely voice. A.whichB.in which C.thatD.when 解析解析 考查定语从句。考查定语从句。whenwhen引导定语从句,修饰引导定语从句,修饰 先行词先行词the days,the days,在定语从句中充当状语。在定语从句中充当状语。D.单项填空单项填空2.(2009徐州一模徐州一模) some teenagers dont realize is difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs. A.That;howB.That;what a C.What;howD.What;what a 答案答案 C 解析解析 考查名词性从句。第一空在主语从句中作考查名词性从句。第一空在主语从句中作 realizerealize的宾语且引导主语从句,故选的宾语且引导主语从句,故选what,thatwhat,that 引导名词性从句不作成分;第二空后跟形容词的引导名词性从句不作成分;第二空后跟形容词的 原形,根据语境原形,根据语境“当他们吸毒成瘾后生活将会多么当他们吸毒成瘾后生活将会多么 艰难艰难”可知,用可知,用how,lifehow,life是从句的主语。若用是从句的主语。若用 “what awhat a”, ,句子应是句子应是“.what a difficult .what a difficult life life it can be. it can be.”。故正确答案为。故正确答案为C C项。项。3.(2009徐州一模徐州一模) Its believed that the election of Obama, mother was a white American and father a black African,can provide much-needed inspiration to black youth. A.whoseB.which C.of whichD.what 解析解析 考查定语从句。根据句子结构分析,定语考查定语从句。根据句子结构分析,定语 从句的引导词本身作定语,修饰后面的名词从句的引导词本身作定语,修饰后面的名词 mother,mother,因此用因此用whosewhose。A4.(2009福州二模福州二模) Chinas star hurdler Liu Xiang returned from the US after a foot surgery in March, the media are focusing attention at present. A.with whichB.for which C.on whichD.of which 解析解析 考查定语从句。根据后面的考查定语从句。根据后面的focusing focusing attention attention以及固定搭配以及固定搭配“focus.onfocus.on”得出该非得出该非限限 制性定语从句应当用制性定语从句应当用on whichon which来引导。来引导。C5. (2009福州二模福州二模) Its thirty years since we last met. But I still remember the story,believe it or not, we got lost on a rainy night. A.whichB.that C.whatD.when 解析解析 通过对句子的分析可知,通过对句子的分析可知,believe it or believe it or not not是插入语,在此句中是插入语,在此句中thatthat引导的是引导的是the storythe story 的同位语从句。的同位语从句。B6.(2009浙江调研浙江调研) Excuse me,sir.Could you tell me the way to the railway station? Sorry,Im a stranger here myself.You are supposed to ask,Im afraid, is a native. A.someoneB.whoever C.whoD.whomever 解析解析 考查名词性从句。本题中的插入语考查名词性从句。本题中的插入语I Im m afraid afraid具有干扰性,将冗余的具有干扰性,将冗余的I Im afraidm afraid去掉,去掉,句句 子的主干是子的主干是“You are supposed to ask whoever You are supposed to ask whoever is a native. is a native.”。B7.(2009浙江调研浙江调研) Part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, effects the people are still suffering from. A.thatB.whose C.thoseD.what 解析解析 考查定语从句。名词考查定语从句。名词effectseffects前面应用形容前面应用形容 词性的定语从句的引导词。故四个选项中只有词性的定语从句的引导词。故四个选项中只有 whosewhose符合题意。符合题意。B8.(2009天津名校联考天津名校联考) Mary is interested in is in the shops,but buying a new coat is not on the top of her shopping list. A.whichB.what C.thatD.where 解析解析 考查名词性从句。考查名词性从句。“interested ininterested in”后面后面的的 句子为宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,所以用句子为宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,所以用whatwhat 引导宾语从句且作从句的主语。引导宾语从句且作从句的主语。B9.(2009天津名校联考天津名校联考) The day August 8th,2008 is a special day, I think,that will be remembered by the Chinese forever. A.whichB.one C.whatD.it 解析解析 考查代词。考查代词。oneone作作dayday的同位语。如果不注的同位语。如果不注 意后面的句子,很容易受插入语的干扰而误以为意后面的句子,很容易受插入语的干扰而误以为 是非限制性定语从句而误选是非限制性定语从句而误选whichwhich。B10.(2009南昌二次质检南昌二次质检) I still doubt the price of computers in the store will go down, but I will just wait and see. A.howB.whether C.whyD.when 解析解析 考查连词用法。考查连词用法。doubtdoubt意为意为“怀疑怀疑”,后接,后接宾宾 语从句时,若主句为肯定句,连接词一般用语从句时,若主句为肯定句,连接词一般用 whetherwhether或或if;if;若主句为否定句,则用若主句为否定句,则用thatthat,故选,故选 B B。B11.(2009南昌二次质检南昌二次质检) Wed better give out the books to hasnt get them in our class. A.whomeverB.whoever C.thoseD.anyone 解析解析 考查名词性从句。宾语从句缺主语和引导考查名词性从句。宾语从句缺主语和引导 词,而词,而whomeverwhomever是作宾语的,故这里用是作宾语的,故这里用whoeverwhoever。 若选若选D D,还应加,还应加whowho构成定语从句,而构成定语从句,而C C项项thosethose表表 示复数概念,与后面的示复数概念,与后面的hasnhasnt t不相配。不相配。B12.(2009东北名校联考东北名校联考) How did you get there on time you left here so late? A.whenB.while C.even ifD.as if 解析解析 whenwhen在本句中表示条件,意为在本句中表示条件,意为“既然,考虑既然,考虑 到到”,本句意为:考虑到你离开这里这么晚,你是,本句意为:考虑到你离开这里这么晚,你是 怎么按时到达那里的呢?怎么按时到达那里的呢?whilewhile作作“虽然,尽管虽然,尽管”讲讲 时,要放在句首。时,要放在句首。even ifeven if即使,纵然;即使,纵然;as ifas if好好 像,似乎都不符合语境。像,似乎都不符合语境。A13. (2009东北名校联考东北名校联考) is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gifts. A.WhichB.What C.ThatD.It 解析解析 考查主语从句。句意为:给所有考查主语从句。句意为:给所有 的孩子的孩子 平等的机会来发展他们的特殊才能很显然是对的。平等的机会来发展他们的特殊才能很显然是对的。 在该句中,在该句中,whatwhat引导主语从句,并在从句中作主引导主语从句,并在从句中作主 语。语。B14.(2009大连一次调研大连一次调研) All the neighbors admire this family, the children and parents build up a friendly relationship. A.whyB.where C.whichD.that 解析解析 考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,句中考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,句中 缺少关系副词,该关系副词在从句中作地点状缺少关系副词,该关系副词在从句中作地点状 语,并且其引导的定语从句修饰先行词语,并且其引导的定语从句修饰先行词this this family family。whywhy作关系副词引导的定语从句只能修作关系副词引导的定语从句只能修 饰先行词饰先行词the reason;the reason;选项选项C C和和D D是关系代词,不是关系代词,不 符合题意。符合题意。B15.(2009温州二模温州二模) Girls used to take fewer advanced math courses than boys but now they are taking just . A.as muchB.too much C.as manyD.too many 解析解析 考查比较结构。完整的句子应该是考查比较结构。完整的句子应该是“.as .as many math courses as boys many math courses as boys”。当表示比较的时。当表示比较的时 候,如果要表达事物之间在某一方面一样时,可候,如果要表达事物之间在某一方面一样时,可 用用“as (as (后接形容词或副词)后接形容词或副词).as.as.”和和“as as much/many . as ( much/many . as (后接名词或动词后接名词或动词) )”结构。根结构。根 据句意可知据句意可知C C项正确。项正确。C16.(2009沈阳二模沈阳二模) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, was very reasonable. A.the price of itB.which price C.its priceD.the price of which 解析解析 考查定语从句。此句为非限制性定语从考查定语从句。此句为非限制性定语从 句,故此空可用句,故此空可用whose whose price,theprice,the price of price of which,ofwhich,of which the price which the price。所以答案选。所以答案选D D。D17.(2009沈阳二模沈阳二模) Today impressionist paintings are accepted as the beginning of we call “modern art”. A.whichB.what C.thatD.how 解析解析 考查宾语从句。考查宾语从句。call+call+n n . +. +n n .,what.,what引导引导 宾语从句,并在从句中作宾语,故选宾语从句,并在从句中作宾语,故选B B。B18. (2009江苏启东二模江苏启东二模) The Chinese people know from their personal experiences socialism with Chinese characteristics is their road to success. A.thatB.which C.whatD.when 解析解析 考查名词性从句。注意本句的结构,考查名词性从句。注意本句的结构,from from their personal experiences their personal experiences是一个介词短语,是一个介词短语, 作为插入语插在了动词作为插入语插在了动词knowknow和从句之间,空格后和从句之间,空格后 是一个宾语从句,从句中不缺少成分,所以用是一个宾语从句,从句中不缺少成分,所以用 thatthat来引导。来引导。A19.(2009江苏启东二模江苏启东二模) The global financial crisis, started to become very serious last year,affects almost every country in the world,especially the developed countries. A.whatB.it C.thatD.which 解析解析 考查定语从句。句意为:全球金融危机,考查定语从句。句意为:全球金融危机, 去年开始变得非常严重,几乎影响到世界上每个去年开始变得非常严重,几乎影响到世界上每个 国家,尤其是发达国家。国家,尤其是发达国家。whichwhich引导一个非限制引导一个非限制 性定语从句,修饰前面的性定语从句,修饰前面的“The The globalfinancialglobalfinancial crisis crisis”并在从句中作主语。故并在从句中作主语。故D D项正确。项正确。D20.(2009江西二模江西二模) the match is lost?We can fight again! A.Even thoughB.What though C.If thoughD.What if 解析解析 从后面从后面“We can fight again!We can fight again!”判断,此判断,此 处表示不在乎失败,处表示不在乎失败,What though.?What though.?的意思是的意思是 “即使即使又怎样?又怎样?”,What if.?What if.?的意思是的意思是“假假 如如该怎么办呢?该怎么办呢?”。B21.(2008山东实验中学模拟)山东实验中学模拟)In Shenzhou ,Chinese astronauts arent only spaceship drivers, machine repairers and scientists. A.soB.or C.andD.but 解析解析 not only.but (also).not only.but (also).不但不但而而 且且,根据句意选,根据句意选D D。D22.(2008威海模拟)威海模拟)The next moment, she had time to realize what was happening,she was hit over the head. A.sinceB.when C.beforeD.after 解析解析 考查状语从句。考查状语从句。before before sb.hassb.has time to time to do do sthsth.是一个常见句型,表示是一个常见句型,表示“某人还来不某人还来不 及及”,因此此处应选择,因此此处应选择beforebefore。C23.(2008天津南开中学模拟)天津南开中学模拟)The media today can draw public attention to situations help is actually needed. A.whyB.while C.whereD.whose 解析解析 where=in which,where=in which,引导定语从句修饰引导定语从句修饰 situationssituations。C24.(2008日照二模)日照二模)He finds his daughter is quite different from she was five years ago. A.whoB.what C.howD.which 解析解析 句意为:他发现他女儿跟句意为:他发现他女儿跟5 5年前大不一样年前大不一样 了。了。whatwhat引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语。引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语。B25.(2008南京金陵中学模拟)南京金陵中学模拟) is often the case,he didnt study hard and failed to pass the test. A.WhatB.Which C.ItD.As 解析解析 asas引导非限制性定语从句,意为引导非限制性定语从句,意为“正如正如”; 此句还可变为:此句还可变为:It is often the case It is often the case that. that.。D .阅读表达阅读表达 (2009济南二次统考济南二次统考) Hocus-pocus sounds magical,doesnt it?And the word comes from the world of magic playing in medieval(中世纪的中世纪的) Europe.In the dictionary Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English,Hocus-pocus is explained this way:a method or belief that you think is based on false ideas,e.g.He thinks psychology is a load of hocus-pocus. Im afraid this explanation isnt as interesting as the sound of the word itself.But then again,the dictionary I mentioned is a dictionary for beginners.One cant expect much from it when it comes to such an interesting word as hocus-pocus.The Merriam Webster Dictionary online,on the other hand,gives a more detailed explanation: (1)sleight of hand;(2)nonsense or sham used especially to cloak deception.And it gives the origin of the word:probably from hocus-pocus,imitation of a Latin phrase used by magicians. This explanation gets to the basic nature of the exotic but meaningless talk by the magician to fool the audience.Watch any magician at work and well notice that he sometimes talks constantly while performing tricks, using hocus-pocus,such as ear-catching words,eye-catching hand or body movements,to distract(分散分散)our attention while he gets a trick done. Hocus-pocus reveals the nonsensical nature of the magicians talk on stage. And it was introduced into the English language probably just on the strength of the rhyming sound of it . Hocus-pocus,lovely. Well,knowing its origin which is from performing magicians in Europe,Im sure you will find hocus-pocus easier to remember.Youll also learn where to put it into use.ear-catching words eye-catching hand movements eye-catching body movements1.What is the passage mainly about?(Please answer within 10 words.) It is mainly about the explanation and origination of hocus-pocus.2. Please list some examples of using “hocus-pocus” mentioned in the passage.(Please answer within 10 words.) 3. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? Hocus-pocus shows magicians completely ridiculous and pointless words,while performing.Hocus-pocus reveals the nonsensical nature of the magicians talk on stage.4.Translate the underlined sentence in the passage into Chinese. 它之所以被英语吸收,大概是因为其发音押韵吧。它之所以被英语吸收,大概是因为其发音押韵吧。5.In what situations do you think we can use hocus-pocus?Why?(Please answer within 30 words.) The students answers may vary.(In my opinion,we can use it in certain performances, making people laugh or enjoy what you are doing.However,we cant use it to deceive others.).书面表达书面表达 (2009潍坊一次质检潍坊一次质检) 根据下面的漫画,联系生活实际,写一篇根据下面的漫画,联系生活实际,写一篇120150词的英语短文。词的英语短文。【参考范文参考范文】 In the cartoon,the man enjoys being clever and wishes to do a great job.However,regretfully,he is firmly fastened to his original position by the nature of laziness and certainly achieves nothing. In fact,you can see many such examples in life.Just as the old saying goes,“Diligence leads to success,while laziness results in failure.”Every task requires hard work,from learningEnglish to building a house.Some of my classmates are definitely clever,and they have a strong desire to go to a famous university,but unfortunately,they are wasting time talking and playing.And no doubt,they will end in failure. Therefore,in my opinion,diligence plays a very important role in life.Only by working hard and practicing a lot are weable to overcome difficulties and achieve our goals.No one can succeed just by thinking without any actions.返回
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