Revision of ing participle as AdverbialII. -ing 分词作状语（分词作状语（Adverbial)的要点：的要点： 分分词的的逻辑主主语与与主句的主主句的主语一致。一致。 分分词短短语作状作状语时，有，有时前面可前面可带一个一个连词，表示，表示强调或出于表达需要，常用或出于表达需要，常用的的连词有有：when, while, if, (al)though, whether, or, unless, as if/though等等。 1伴随状语（伴随状语（Adverbial of attending circumstances） They came in, singing and laughing.2时间状语（时间状语（Adverbial of time）Having finished the homework/After finishing the homework,he turned on the TV.When/While climbing the mountain, he broke his glasses. 方式状语（方式状语（Adverbial of way ） He came running into the classroom. I-ing participle作状语时的形式：作状语时的形式：一般式 完成式 完成进行式 主动语态 被动语态 doing being done having done having been done having been doing 1现在分词作状语4. 原因状语（原因状语（Adverbial of cause ） Having failed twice, he didnt want to try again. 5. 条件状语条件状语 ( Adverbial of condition) Turning to the right, you will find a path. 6. 结果状语（结果状语（Adverbial of result） He did his homework carelessly, making a lot of mistakes.(自然的或必然的结果自然的或必然的结果) 区别区别：He hurried to the station only to find the train had gone.(意想不到的结果意想不到的结果)7.让步状语（让步状语（Adverbial of concession） (Though) working as hard as he could, he could not pass the exam. Iing Participle 作定语的形式：作定语的形式：（单个单个分词做定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词前）：分词做定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词前）： doing *The swimming boy is my brother. The ing Participle as Attributive1前置前置 2现在分词作状语注意：注意：有些分词已经有些分词已经形容词化形容词化。 试区别：试区别： moving 感人的感人的 inspiring 鼓舞人心的鼓舞人心的 disappointing 令人失望的令人失望的 moved 受感动的受感动的 inspired 受鼓舞的受鼓舞的 disappointed 感到失望的感到失望的 a frightening voicea frightened voice记一记：记一记： English-speaking countries, a paper-making machine, spoken English,（分词短语做定语时，放在被修饰的名词后）：（分词短语做定语时，放在被修饰的名词后）： doing, being done *The children playing outside are in Class Two. *Tea, being a universal drink in many countries, is still carefully prepared. *Most of the people working in the factory are young people. *The television being repaired now was bought ten years ago. 2后置后置 令人害怕的语调令人害怕的语调从语调中听出说话人感到害怕从语调中听出说话人感到害怕3现在分词作状语II-ing分词作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系：分词作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系：1. ing 分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。*经常性、习惯性的动作：经常性、习惯性的动作：*正在发生的动作：正在发生的动作：The man running over there is our chairman.=The man who is running over there is our chairman.*Where is the old woman selling eggs?=Where is the old woman who sells eggs?2. 如果一个分词既要表达进行意义，又要表达被动意义，则用如果一个分词既要表达进行意义，又要表达被动意义，则用-ing的被动式的被动式: The question being discussed is important.=The question that is being discussed is important. being done 4现在分词作状语3. 如果分词要表示动作是主动的，又在谓语动作如果分词要表示动作是主动的，又在谓语动作之前之前发生，则要用发生，则要用定语定语从句从句表示。表示。*The man coming yesterday comes again. () *The man having come yesterday comes again. () *The man who came yesterday comes again. () *The students （参加会议的）（参加会议的）will arrive here tomorrow. 4. 要表示定语的动作在谓语动作要表示定语的动作在谓语动作之后之后发生发生, 则要用则要用不定式或定语从句不定式或定语从句表示表示 将要发生的动作。将要发生的动作。 a. 如果定语既要表示尚未发生的如果定语既要表示尚未发生的/将来的动作又要表示被动意义将来的动作又要表示被动意义, 则用则用 不定式的被动式不定式的被动式： to be done You are welcome to the party to be given in our class. b. 不定式作定语时，与修饰词一般有不定式作定语时，与修饰词一般有逻辑上的逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系动宾关系或主谓关系：I have a lot of words to say.(完成式完成式having done/having been done不可做限制定语不可做限制定语)to attend the meeting (who will attend the meeting)5现在分词作状语5. 现在分词现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词的作定语表示被修饰名词的动作正在作正在进行或行或经常常发生生；the sleeping dog the sleeping bag (the dog that is sleeping) (the bag for sleeping) 动名词动名词作定语表示被修饰作定语表示被修饰名名词的用途的用途。6. 过去分词（过去分词（done）作定语表示与被修饰词是）作定语表示与被修饰词是被动关系被动关系，分词的动作，分词的动作已完成已完成，但并不强调先于谓语动作。但并不强调先于谓语动作。切记不可误写作：切记不可误写作：having been done I cant find my lost pen. =I cant find my pen which is lost.归纳：归纳：三种非谓语动词作定语的区别：三种非谓语动词作定语的区别：与被修饰词：与被修饰词：主动主动/被动关系被动关系动作特点：动作特点：正在进行正在进行/经常性、习惯性经常性、习惯性 与被修饰词：与被修饰词：被动关系被动关系动作特点：动作特点：已完成的状态已完成的状态与被修饰词：与被修饰词：主动主动/被动关系被动关系 动作特点：动作特点：尚未发生尚未发生/即将发生即将发生 1. doing/being done 2. done 3 to do/to be done6现在分词作状语此课件下载可自行编辑修改，供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！7现在分词作状语