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七年七年级下册英下册英语1-5单元知元知识点点1.情情态动词can的用法:情的用法:情态动词是是辅助助动词帮助帮助说明能力、意愿等的明能力、意愿等的词,并且它,并且它不随主不随主语人称的人称的变化而化而变化。化。eg.(1)变否定句直接在否定句直接在can后加后加“not”.Hecant(cannot)swim.(2)变疑疑问句直接把句直接把can提前提前Canyoudance?Whatcanyoudo?2.want(想要)的用法(想要)的用法(1)wanttodosth.想要做想要做Iwanttoplayping-pang.Theywanttojointhesportsclub.(2)主)主语是是第三人称第三人称单数数时,用用want要作要作变化。化。Hewantstoplaybasketball.Shewantstojointhechessclub.LiXiawengwantstoplaythepiano.(3)变疑疑问句、否定句要借助助句、否定句要借助助动词do或或does。Doyouwanttoplaysoccerball?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.Doeshewanttogohomebybus?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.3.like(喜(喜欢)的用法)的用法喜喜欢某人某人(物物)likesb./sth.喜喜欢做某事做某事liketodosth.或或likedoingsth.注意:注意:likedoingsth.表示表示长时间的喜的喜欢做某事做某事,指指兴趣趣爱好好.Eg.Ilikeplayingbasketball.我喜我喜欢打打篮球。(球。(习惯于做某于做某事)事)liketodosth.则常指某个具体的常指某个具体的动作作,表示偶表示偶尔一次喜一次喜欢做某做某事、或者突然想事、或者突然想(喜喜欢)干某事干某事.Eg.I like to swim this afternoon.我今天下午想去游泳。我今天下午想去游泳。 (特指某一次的特指某一次的动作作).2.join意意为“参加;加入参加;加入”。join后面常接后面常接 表示表示团体的名体的名词, ,表示加入某表示加入某团体或成体或成为 某某团体的一体的一员;也常接人称代;也常接人称代词的的宾格格 形式,表示和某人一起形式,表示和某人一起进行某活行某活动。Tomplayssoccerwell.Hewantstojointhesoccerclub.注意:注意:join=beinCanyouhelpmewithmyEnglish?你能帮助我学习英语吗?CanyouhelpmelearnEnglish?2.helpsbwithsth.在某方面帮某助某人helpsb(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事3.begoodwithsb=getonwellwithsb.擅于;与某人相处得好Ms.Brownisgoodwithstudents.布朗女士擅于和学生们交往。=Ms.Browngetsonwellwithstudents.Jackisnotgoodwithpeople.杰克不太擅于与人相处。4.begoodat+doingsth/n/pron(代词)=dowellin+doingsth/n/pron(代词)擅于;对于有办法Sheisgoodattellingstories.她擅长于讲故事。=Shedoeswellintellingstories.5.begoodtosb.对某人友好begood/badfor对有好处/坏处6.makefriends交朋友Youcanjoinaclubandmakefriends.你可以参加一个俱乐部并且交一些朋友。makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友Lindawantstomakefriendswiththem.琳达想和他们交朋友。1.showsbsth=showsthtosb.给某人展示/看某物Heshowsmehispen.他给我展示他的笔。2.teachsbsth.教某人某事teachsbtodosth.教某人去做某事TomteachesmetolearnEnglish.Tom教我学习英语3.bebusywithsth.忙于某事bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事Sheisbusydoingherhomework.她忙于写作业。4.callsbat+号码打.电话给某人Pleasecallmeat3980290.请打给我5.need(sb)todosth.需要(某人)做某事Weneedtostudyhard.我们需要努力学习。good,well的区别 good 是形容词,修饰名词,或做表语 well 是副词,修饰动词,副词,形容词She is a good teacher.She learn English well.What time do/does + sb + (usually) +do?回答:主回答:主语+usually +动词+at+时间。usually 副副词,通常(主,通常(主语后,后,实义动词前)前)注意:注意:what time只用于只用于问时间点点 when既可以既可以问时间点点也可也可问时间段段询问某人什么某人什么时间做什么事:做什么事:Unit2job与与work:1.job,可数可数:Ihaveajobasateacher.Jobsarenoteasytoget.2.work,不可数不可数:Icannotfindworkinthistown.Haveyoufinishedyourwork?work 还可以做动词,意为“工作”,而job不可做动词。Jack works very hard.杰克工作非常努力。I work eight hours every day. 我每天工作八个小时。an interesting job 一份一份有趣的有趣的工作工作a job 一份工作一份工作3.from to 从从到到She works from 7:00 to 9:00.她工作从7点到9点。4.about / around 大约、大概大约、大概Rick usually goes to school at about / around 7:00 a.m.5.Its time for sth.=Its time to do sth.该做某事了该做某事了/ /到了做某事的时间了到了做某事的时间了 Its time for sb. to do sth. 某人该做某事了某人该做某事了/ /到了某人做某事的时间了到了某人做某事的时间了Eg:1.该吃午饭了。 2.到了你做家庭作业的时间了。Its time for lunch.=Its time to have/eat lunch.Its time for you to do your homework.7.exercisev.&n.锻炼;练习I exercise every day.He usually exercises after school every day.do morning exerciseseye exercises做早操眼保健操exercisedoingsth. 练习做某事练习做某事exercise speaking Englishexercise playing the pianoShe exercises running every afternoon.表示体育锻炼时不可数;表示练习时可数表示体育锻炼时不可数;表示练习时可数表示体育锻炼时不可数;表示练习时可数表示体育锻炼时不可数;表示练习时可数do exercise do exercise do exercise do exercise 是不可数名词,表示进行体育锻炼,或是不可数名词,表示进行体育锻炼,或是不可数名词,表示进行体育锻炼,或是不可数名词,表示进行体育锻炼,或锻炼身体锻炼身体锻炼身体锻炼身体do exercisesdo exercisesdo exercisesdo exercises是可数名词,表示做练习或作习题,比是可数名词,表示做练习或作习题,比是可数名词,表示做练习或作习题,比是可数名词,表示做练习或作习题,比如学习上或优育上或音乐等方面的练习如学习上或优育上或音乐等方面的练习如学习上或优育上或音乐等方面的练习如学习上或优育上或音乐等方面的练习如:如:如:如:He always does exercise in the morning. He always does exercise in the morning. He always does exercise in the morning. He always does exercise in the morning. 他他他他经常晨练。经常晨练。经常晨练。经常晨练。He always does some exercises in the morning. He always does some exercises in the morning. He always does some exercises in the morning. He always does some exercises in the morning. 他经常早上作练习(习题)他经常早上作练习(习题)他经常早上作练习(习题)他经常早上作练习(习题) 时间表达法1.1.整点整点: “: “钟点数钟点数+oclock”+oclock”1:00 one oclock1:00 one oclock注意注意:oclockoclock只能用于整点的后面,而不只能用于整点的后面,而不能用于带有分钟的时间之后能用于带有分钟的时间之后2.2.非整点:非整点:顺读法:顺读法:“时时+ +分分”2 2:20 two twenty20 two twenty5:45 five forty-five5:45 five forty-five2.逆读法:(1)分分钟数不超数不超过30分:分:分分钟数数 + past +点点钟数数 5:16sixteen past five3:25twenty-fivepastthree(2)分分钟数超数超过30分:分:分分钟数数(60-已知分已知分钟数数) + to +点点钟数数(已知已知钟点数点数+1)6:45fifteentoseven8:55fivetonine(3)15分用quarter,30分用past.7:15aquarterpastseven(分钟数不超30,用past)12:45aquartertotwelve(分钟数超过30,用to)4:30halfpastfour oninatfor的用法on+具体日期,星期,重大节日,具体某一天的上午下午或晚上onMarch13onMondayonNewYearsDayonMondaymorningin+月份,季节,年份inJanuaryinspringin2014at+时间点at9:00for+时间段forhalfanhour1.belatefor迟到Iamlateforschool.我上学迟到了2.eitheror要么要么,或者或者(就近原则)EitheryouorheisgoodatEnglish.3.get/go/walk/runto+地点去/走去/跑去arrivein+大地点arriveat+小地点到达reach+地点到达注意:如果get/go/walk/run/arrive后接home,here,there时,不加to。Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?=Howfarisschoolfromyourhome?(距离距离)Its about 2 kilometers. How does Tom get to school?He walks to school.How long does it take (时间)It takes 25 minutes to walk. 2km25minutes1. - _ does it take you to do your homework every day? - About half an hour.how long意为“ 多久;多长时间” ,用来询问时间的长短。如:-How long does it take to get to the library?-Half an hour by bike.How long Unit32. - _ is it from here to the bus stop? - Its about two kilometers. -Its about two kilometers (away) from here to the bus stop.注意:away from(有具体数字) far from (无具体数字)how far意为“多远”,用来询问距离,常用“数词+kilometers/miles”或“ 时间段的所有格形式+drive/ride/walk”等来回答。如:- How far is your home from the train station?- About fifteen minutes drive.(问距离)How far (某事)花费某人多少时间做某事Ittakes+sb(代宾/人名)+时间+todosth动词take表示花费(时间)Eg:Itusuallytakesmeabouttenminutestogettherebuybus.He_toschool.=Hegetstoschool_. 注意注意:take +限定限定词+交通工具(放主交通工具(放主语后)后) by bus/bike =on a/the bus/bike 或者或者 by car =in a/the/my car subway,plane,train既可用既可用in,也可用,也可用on,切莫忘切莫忘记限定限定词1.think of +n/pron/v-ing认为 What does Bob think of the trip?鲍勃认为旅行怎么样? What do/does sb. think of ? (= How do/does sb. like?) 某人觉得怎么样? How does Bob like the trip? 注意:think of后不接句子,接句子的是think5.afraid害怕;恐惧;形容词(1)beafraid害怕的Thegirlisveryafraid.小女孩很害怕。(2)beafraidofsth/sb害怕某事/某人Mysisterisafraidofsnakes.我妹妹害怕蛇。(3)beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事Heisafraidofbeingbeatenbyhisfather.他怕被他爸打.(不是他敢不敢的问题,他是不情愿.)(4)beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事Heisafraidtotouchthesnake.他不敢碰那条蛇.(他内心里恐惧蛇.)1.leavefor+某地 动身去某地IwillleaveforBeijingnextweek.我下星期去北京leave地方 for地方离开某地去某地Ileavehomeforschool.我离开家里去学校2.betweenand在两者之间3.playwithsb.与某人一起玩耍4.lovetodosth.喜爱做某事5.looklike,belikeShelookslikehermother.(外貌上)Sheislikeamothertome.(品质上)6.Itis+adjtodosth.Itis+adjforsbtodosth.Unit41.fightwithsb.与某人作战/打架Wecantfightwithfriends.我们不能和朋友打架。2.letsbdosth.让某人作Letmehelpyou.让我帮助你吧。3.practicedoingsth.练习做Shepracitcesplayingtheguitareveryday.她每天练习弹吉他。4.makeonesbed/makethebed.铺床Weneedtomakeourbedaftergetup.起床后,我们需要铺床。5.havefundoingsth.WewillhavefunlearningEnglishthisterm.这个学期我们会愉快地学习英语。6.besorrytodosth.因做某事而道歉Iamsorrytotellyouthatyouhaventbeenadmited.很遗憾告诉您未被录取besorryforsth/sb为某事/某人而道歉、遗憾Iamsorryforinterruptingyou.很抱歉,刚刚打断了你的讲话.7.keep+宾语+形容词使保持某种状态Weneedtokeepourroomtidy.Keepdoingsth/keepondoingsth继续做某事Theydecidedtokeeptrying.他们决定继续试验。must和和haveto的用法区的用法区别must是是主主观想法想法,“Imust”表示表示“我我自己自己”认为必必须要;要;have/hasto表示表示客客观环境境的影响,在外部条件的影响下的影响,在外部条件的影响下“不得不不得不”这么做,么做,不是出于主不是出于主观意愿。意愿。1.You_doyourhomeworkfirst.2.Mysisterisill,mymother_lookafterher.musthas tohave to的用法:have to的否定形式是dont have to,相当于neednt。如: They dont have to buy a computer at present. 他们目前没有必要买电脑。 Mother is out,so I have to look after the shop. 妈妈不在家,因此我不得不照看商店。 May,Need,Must引导的一般疑问句1.Needyou?Yes,youneed.No,youneednt.2.Mustyou?Yes,youmust/havetoNo,youneednt/donthaveto3.Mayyou?Yes,youmay/can.No,youmustnt/maynot.注意:用mustnt回答的句子表示禁止,意思是“不许,不能”。take 和和bring的用法区的用法区别两者都有“带”的含义但take表示bring表示如:Mymotheroften_metothepark.Dont_foodtoclassroom.带去去带来来takesbringlisten 和和hear的用法区的用法区别两者都有“听”的含义listen为不及物动词,后接宾语时,需加介词to,表示听的动作,意为“听,倾听”。listento+名词/代词Everyoneneedtolistentotheteacherinclass.Pleaselistentohimcarefully.hear表示“听到”,强调听的结果。hearsbdoing/dosth听见某人正在做/做了某事Canyouhearsomeoneplayingthepiano?night的用法的用法night是是名名词,意,意为“晚上晚上”,与,与at连用。但若前用。但若前有其它有其它词修修饰,指具体的某个晚上指具体的某个晚上,应用介用介词on。如:如:CanIwatchTVatnight?我在晚上可以看我在晚上可以看电视吗?ShewatchesTVonFridaynight.她在星期五晚上看她在星期五晚上看电视help的用法的用法(1)help作作动词时,意,意为“帮助帮助”,有其固定搭配:,有其固定搭配:helpsb.(to)dosth.意意为“帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事” 。如如:Heoftenhelpsme(to)cleantheclassroom.他他经常帮我打常帮我打扫卫生。生。helpsb.withsth.意意为“帮某人做某事帮某人做某事”。如:如:LiMinghelpsthemwithEnglish.李明帮助他李明帮助他们学英学英语。 be strict with sb. be strict with sb.对某人某人严格格 be strict in sth. be strict in sth.对某事某事/ /某物某物严格格Our math teacher Our math teacher isis very very strictstrict. .我我们的数学老的数学老师很很严格。格。Are Are your parentsyour parents strict with strict with you?you?你的父母你的父母对你你严格格吗?I I amam very very strict in strict in my homework.my homework.我我对我的作我的作业严格要求。格要求。strict的用法Afterdinner,Icantrelaxeither.晚晚饭后我也不后我也不能能轻松。松。副副词either表示表示“也也”,用于,用于否定句末否定句末,too用于用于肯定定句末,肯定定句末,also用于句中用于句中,位于位于be动词、助、助动词或情或情态动词之后,之后,实义动词前前。e.g.YoulikeEnglish.Ilikeit,too.你喜你喜欢英英语,我也喜,我也喜欢。Afterdinner,Icantrelaxeither.晚晚饭后我也不能后我也不能轻松。松。IcanalsospeakEnglish.我也会我也会讲英英语。either,also,too的用法rememberremember to do sth.记住去做某事(住去做某事(说明事明事情情还没有做,相当于没有做,相当于dont forget to do sth.) Remember to call me after school. 放学后放学后记得打得打电话给我。我。remember doing sth.记得做得做过某事(某事(说明事明事情已情已经做做过) I remember seeing her in the city. 我我记得在得在这个城市个城市见过她。她。Language points:1.toomany+可数名词的复数形式“太多”toomuch+不可数名词“太多”muchtoo+形容词/副词“太”Therearerulesinourschool.Donteatice-cream.Hedrives_fast.too manytoo muchmuch too read,look,watch,seeread强调书、报纸、杂志等。watch强调“看,观看”正在运动或变化的事物。常指“看电视,看球赛”等。look强调“看”的动作,不强调是否“看见”了,后接宾语时,与at连用。see强调“看”的结果,表示“看见、看到”Ilike_books._theblackboard,please.Ican_manybirdsinthetree.I_TVatnight.readingLookatseewatchUnit 51.because与so_用在同一个句子中造句:因为熊猫很可爱,所以我喜欢他们。_不能不能Becausepandasareverycute,Ilikethemverymuch.Pandasareverycute,soIlikethemverymuch.2.kindof表示_,后面一般接_词。比如:有点无聊_Theyrekindofscary.他他们有点可怕。有点可怕。Thepandasarekindofcute.熊猫有点可熊猫有点可爱。有点,稍微有点,稍微形容形容kindofboringkind还有表示_,akindof表示_,allkindsof_,后面一般接_词。比如:各种类型的音乐_Whatkindofbreaddoyoulike?你喜你喜欢哪种面包?哪种面包?There are all kinds of flowers in the park。公园里有各种各公园里有各种各样的花。的花。I like a kind of fruit,which is apple. 我喜我喜欢一种水果一种水果,那就是苹果那就是苹果.种种类各种各各种各类的的名名all kinds of music一种一种辨析:Why引导的特殊疑问句特殊疑问副词why在句子中用来询问_。结构:Whynot+动词原形+其他?Whydo(nt)/does(nt)主语其他?回答:Why引起的特殊疑问句只能用because来回答。如:Whydoyoulikemonkeys?你为什么喜欢猴子?Becausetheyareveryclever.因为它们很聪明。-Whynot_monkeys?原因原因 like 辨析:where引导的特殊疑问句特殊疑问副词where在句子中用来询问_。结构:Wherebe主语其他?Wheredo/does主语动词原形其他?1.你来自哪里?第一种问法:_第二种问法:_2.你的学校在哪里?_地点地点Where are you from?Where do you come from?Where is your school?beoutofdanger脱离危险之中IamsurethatIamoutofdangernow. 我确信我现在脱离了危险Wemustsavethetreesandnotbuythingsmadeofivory.一个词组:(be)madeof由制成拓展:(be)madefrom用(材料)制作(be)madein在制造Thekite_paper.Thepaper_wood.Thetoys_China. is made ofis made fromare made inAnelephentneverforgets.两个词组:forgettodosth.忘记去做(还没做)forgetdoingsth.忘记做过(已经做了)Dont_closethedoor.Iforgotclosingthedoor.我忘记已经关上门了。 forget toPeoplealsokillelephantsfortheirivory.一个词组:killsb./sth.forsth.为了某物把某人或某物杀害一个生词:ivory象牙识记:i-vo-rySomepeople_thetigers_theirfur.1.alot=verymuch非常Ilikepandasalot.=Ilikepandasverymuch.2.befriendlytosb/sth.对某人/某物友好(friendly=kind)Weneedtobefriendlytotheanimals.3.befriendlywithsb/sth.与某人/某物关系好IamfriendlywithJane.4.asymbolof一个的特征ThepandaisasymbolofChina.5.saveoneslife.拯救某人/某物的生命Weneedtosavepandaslife.我们需要拯救熊猫的生命6.loseoneshome失去某人的家园Theelephantsarelosingtheirhomes.treeinthetree.表示位置,方位,物体为外来物onthetree.在树上,特指生长在树上的果子、叶子或开的花Thebirdisinthetree.Theapplesareonthetree.谢谢观赏谢谢观赏
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