Unit 5 Canada “The True North”Learning about Language主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句1. What it was to become was a mystery.2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet.3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London.4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.What kind of noun clauses are they?noun clausessubjective clause主语从句主语从句objective clause宾语从句宾语从句predicative clause表语从句表语从句appositive clause同位语从句同位语从句The appositive clause is a clause used as an appositive. The clause is an explanation to the noun before.同同位位语语从从句句属属于于名名词词性性从从句句，大大多多由由从从属属连连词词that引引导导，常常常常跟跟在在fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark, hope, belief等等名名词词后后面面。同同位位语语从从句句一一般般用用来来解解释释或或说说明明这这些些名名词词的的具具体体含含义义或或内内容容，在在逻逻辑辑上上表表现现为为同同位关系。位关系。appositive clause 同位语从句同位语从句They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.Where did you get the idea that I could not come.We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule should be adopted.Practice (3m)Find out the appositive clause from the reading text.The idea that you would cross the whole continent was exciting.The idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days is just wrong.The fact that ocean ships can go there surprises many people.同位语从句与同位语从句与that引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 （1）从先行词看）从先行词看 同同位位语语从从句句与与名名词词之之间间在在逻逻辑辑上上是是“主主语语+be+表表语语”的关系。该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词。的关系。该名词是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词。例例如如：They were delighted at the news that their team had won. The news was that their team had won.(2)从引导词来看从引导词来看 引引导导词词that在在同同位位语语从从句句中中是是连连词词，只只起起连连接接作作用用，无无具具体体词词，that不不可可省省略略；that在在定定语语从从句句中中是是关关系系代代词词，它它在在从从句句中中充充当当一一定定成成分分主主语语或或宾宾语语，有有具具体体词词意意，作宾语时还可以省略。作宾语时还可以省略。The factory (that) we visited yesterday is a chemical one.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.(3)同位语从句的简易判断方法同位语从句的简易判断方法 同同位位语语从从句句与与其其先先行行词词在在逻逻辑辑上上是是“主主语语+be+表表语语”的的同同位位语语关关系系。所所以以，可可以以在在名名词词和和从从句句之之间间加加系系动动词词be，使使之之构构成成一一个个新新句句子子，如如果果合合乎乎逻逻辑辑，句句子子通通顺顺，则则原原句句为为同同位位语语从从句句；定定语语从从句句是是不不能能够够用用系系表表结结构构把把先行词与从句连接起来的。如：先行词与从句连接起来的。如：The belief that the earth is flat is still held in some countries.The belief is that the earth is flat.4. 能能用用于于同同位位语语从从句句的的名名词词有有：ability, patience, anxiety, answer, order, report, wish, decision, suggestion, belief, doubt, fact, hope, message, news, promise, question, reply等等。等等。【达标训练【达标训练】1The road conditions there turned out to be very good，_was more than we could expect.Ait Bwhat Cwhich Dthat【解解析析】句句意意：那那儿儿的的路路况况原原来来很很好好，出出乎乎我我们们的的预预料料。which用用于于引引导导非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，指指代代前前面面的的情情况况。由由逗逗号号可可知知本本句句不不是是并并列列句句，排排除除A项项；what 不不引引导导定定语语从句；从句；that 不引导非限制性定语从句。不引导非限制性定语从句。【答案【答案】C2.A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.(2011济宁高一检测济宁高一检测) Aif B. when C. that D. which【解解析析】考考查查句句式式结结构构。由由语语境境可可知知：I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.是是对对thought内内容容的的解解释释，也也就就是是说说两两者者是是同同位位关关系系，所所以以用用连连接接词词that引引导导同同位位语语从从句句。句句意意为为：我我突突然然有有一一个个强强烈烈的的想想法法，我我可可以以用用我我的的零零花花钱钱给给我我妈妈妈妈买买些些鲜鲜花花作作为为生生日日礼礼物物。that引引导导同同位位语语从从句句，解解释释说说明明thought的内容。这是分隔式同位语从句。的内容。这是分隔式同位语从句。【答案【答案】 C。3. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class_ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. (2011连云港高一云港高一检测)A. which B. that C. what D. where【解解析析】that引引导同同位位语从从句句，解解释说明明reason的的内内容容。这里里介介词短短语for being absent from the class 把把reason与与其其同位同位语从句分割开来。从句分割开来。【答案【答案】 B。4. Jim said there was no clear evidence _ they meant to mislead investors.(2011苏州高一州高一检测)Awhich B. that C. what D. when 【解析【解析】句意：吉姆句意：吉姆说没有明确的没有明确的证据据证明他明他们打算打算误导投投资者。者。That后面的句子完整，引后面的句子完整，引导同位同位语从句。从句。【答案【答案】 B。5The professor gives every one of us the impression _ he is a real expert in this field.Awhich BwhatCwhere Dthat【解解析析】考考查查同同位位语语从从句句。句句意意：这这位位教教授授留留给给我我们们每每个个人人的的印印象象是是他他是是该该领领域域真真正正的的专专家家。that he is a real expert in this field是是同同位位语语从从句句，用用来来解解释释抽抽象象名名词词impression的的具具体体内内容容，that在在从从句句中中不不作作成成分分，没没有有词词义义，但但是是不不可可省略。省略。【答案【答案】D6There is no obvious evidence _ there is life on any other planet in the solar system.Awhich BthatChow Dwhere【解解析析】考考查查名名词词性性从从句句。此此处处是是that引引导导同同位位语语从从句句对对evidence进进行行具具体体的的说说明明。句句意意：没没有有明明显显的的证证据据表表明明太太阳系的其他行星上有生命存在。阳系的其他行星上有生命存在。【答案【答案】B7. A plan has been put forward _ more graduates should go to work in the country this year.Awhen BthatCwhether Dhow【解解析析】考考查查同同位位语语从从句句。句句意意：一一个个计计划划已已经经被被提提出出，那那就就是是让让更更多多的的毕毕业业生生到到农农村村工工作作。从从空空格格处处到到句句末末是是同位语从句，用来解释说明同位语从句，用来解释说明a plan的具体内容。的具体内容。【答案【答案】B8. The fact has worried many people _ the bad effect of Japans nuclear crisis becomes worse and worse.A. what B. which C. that D. thought 【解解析析】句句意意：日日本本核核危危机机的的影影响响越越来来越越糟糟糕糕的的事事实实使使很很多多人人焦焦虑虑。分分析析句句式式结结构构可可知知此此处处缺缺少少同同位位语语从从句句的的引导词，从句意义、结构均完整，所以选引导词，从句意义、结构均完整，所以选that。【答案【答案】 C9Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held?Awhat BwhichCthat Dwhere【解解析析】句句意意为为：明明天天是是汤汤姆姆的的生生日日。你你知知道道晚晚会会在在哪哪里里举举行行吗吗？where引引导导一一个个宾宾语语从从句句，并并在在宾宾语语从从句句里里作作地地点点状状语语。由由句句式式结结构构可可以以判判断断 _ the party is to be held是是got any idea的的同同位位语语，故故空空格格处处应应为为同同位位语语从从句句的的引引导导词词，且且该该从从句句中中句句子子成成分分完完整整，但但语语意意不不完完整整，故应选择故应选择D项，表示地点。项，表示地点。【答案【答案】D10. Mr. Frank asked me a question _ I could go with him to _ he called the Treasure House the next week.(2011黄冈高一检测黄冈高一检测)A. that; which B. whether; that C. whether; what D. that; whether【解解析析】句句意意：弗弗兰兰克克先先生生问问了了我我一一个个问问题题，即即下下周周我我能能否否与与他他一一起起去去一一个个他他称称之之为为“金金银银屋屋”的的地地方方。第第一一空空要要用用whether引引导导同同位位语语从从句句，解解释释question的的内内容容。第二个空要用第二个空要用what引导宾语从句，引导宾语从句，what作作called的宾语。的宾语。【答案【答案】 C。Great hopes make great man. 远大的希望，造就伟大的人物。