高考总复习一轮用书立体设计走进新课堂英英 语语必修3Unit3 The Million Pound Bank Note话题：1.Forms of literature and art:short story and drama(文学和艺术的形式：短篇故事和戏剧)2.How to act out a play(戏剧表演技巧)功能：1.Requests(请求)2.Ordering food(点饭菜)3.Shopping(购物)语法：Noun clauses as the object and predicative(宾语从句和表语从句)重点单词：birthplace,adventure,phrase,author,scene,wander,pavement,permit,stare，contrary,spot,seek,envelope,amount,rude,manner,indeed,patience，novel课课程程解解读读重点短语：bring up，go ahead，by accident，stare at,account for，to be honest，in rags，on the contrary,take ones order,a large amount of,take a chance,as for,from the bottom of ones heart重点句型1.The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.2.Thats why weve given you the letter.3.Indeed,sir,I hope youll come here whenever you like.课课程程解解读读要点一：重点单词1.scene n. C戏剧的一场；（事件或事故的）发生地点；现场；景色；景象；布景；场景归纳拓展behind the scenes在后台，在幕后come/appear on the scene出现，登场on the scene在现场，到现场知知 识识 与与 要要 点点I saw the scene with my own eyes.我亲眼看到了那一幕情景。Our reporter was the first person on the scene.我们的记者是最先到达出事地点的。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点同类辨析scenery，scene，view 与 sight（1）scenery 是总称，指某地总的自然风光或景色，是由多个 scene 构成的景色，意为“景色，风景”。（2）scene 指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指 scenery 的一部分，指某处小范围的景色，大多包括景物中的人及活动，意为“情景，景色，场面，（戏剧）一场”。（3）view 是指人从一定的角度（或从远处或从高处等）所看到的景色，还有“观点，看法”等意思。（4）sight 是眼睛所看到的景象，可以指美丽的风景，也可以指悲惨的景象，用其复数 sights 表示名胜古迹、人文景观等。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点We passed through some beautiful scenery on our journey through the Lake District.我们在穿越英国湖泊区的旅途中，看到了不少美丽的景色。Youll get a fine view of the town from the top of the hill.从山顶上你可以相当清楚地看到城镇的全景。Sunset over the lake is a beautiful sight.湖上日落是一个美丽的景象。 知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】The last_of the play was very impressive.A.viewB.SightC.sceneryD.scene【解析】主要考查名词的词义区别。句意为：那出戏的最后场面给人印象非常深刻。scene意为“景色，场面”，与题意相符。【答案】D知知 识识 与与 要要 点点After the explosion,the factory was a_of total confusion.A.sceneB.SituationC.viewD.occasion【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：爆炸后，工厂呈现出完全混乱的景象。scene“场面；景象”，符合句意。 situation“情况，状况”；view“从一定角度看到的景色”；occasion“时刻，场合”。均与句意不符。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点2.permit vt.允许，许可vi.容许n. 执照；许可证知知 识识 与与 要要 点点permit+sb.to do sth.准许某人做某事（被动语态是sb.be permitted to do sth.）sb.sth.准许，允许某人某事sth./doing sth.准许某事/做某事Weather/Time permitting，.If weather/time permits，.天气/时间允许的话，Im afraid I cannot permit you to do such foolish things.恐怕我不会允许你做这样的傻事。We dont permit taking photographs in the gallery.我们不允许在画廊内拍照。Weather permitting（=If weather permits），well go to play tennis on Saturday.如果天气允许的话，我们打算用周六去打网球。You wont get into the conference hall without a permit.没有许可证你不得进入会议室。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点同类辨析allow，permit与let（1）allow暗含有默许、放纵的意思，仅仅表达不想妨碍之意；（2）permit指强调权威性的正式批准，语气较强，多指积极的态度；可以说allow/permit sb.to do sth.不能说allow/permit to do sth.知知 识识 与与 要要 点点（3）let指允许或无力阻止某事，暗指对某事采取漠不关心、听之任之的态度，后面的宾补不带to。permit与permissionpermit“书面许可”或“许可证，执照”，指一种文本形式，是可数名词；而permission指有批准权的人的口头“允许，许可”，是不可数名词。with/without ones permission 在某人的准许下/没获得某人的允许ask for permission 请求允许知知 识识 与与 要要 点点We cant stand by and allow such a thing.对这样的事我们不能袖手旁观。She asked her teacher to let her go home early.她请求老师让她早一点回家。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】We dont permit_ in our school. Would you please put your cigarette out？Forgive me. I didnt know.A.to smokingB.to smokeC.smokingD.having smoked【解析】考查动词用法。permit意为“许可，允许，准许”，常用于结构：permit (doing) sth.允许(做)某事。permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Jims father didnt_him to join the school football team.A.letB.PromiseC.permitD.hope【解析】考查动词permit的用法。permit sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”。句意为：吉姆的父亲不允许他参加学校的足球队。let sb. do sth.；hope后不跟sb. to do sth.；promise sb. to do sth.“答应某人做某事”，均与题意不符。【答案】C3.spot n.地方；污迹，斑点vt.发现，认出；点缀知知 识识 与与 要要 点点归纳拓展（1）on the spot当场，在现场；立即scenic/historic spot风景胜地/古迹put sb.on the spot 使某人尴尬，使某人为难（2）spotted adj.有斑点的be spotted with sth.满是的斑点知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Can you spot the differences between these two pictures?你能不能看出这两幅画有什么不同？Prime Minister Wen was on the spot within hours after the big earthquake struck Yushu.玉树大地震后几个小时温总理就赶到了现场。His shirt was spotted with oil after work.下班后他的衣服上满是油点。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】The tomato juice left brown_on the front of my jacket.A.spotB.pointC.trackD.trace【解析】句意为：番茄汁在我夹克的前胸上留下了一块褐色的污渍。spot“斑点，污迹”，符合题意。point“点，观点”；track“行踪，轨迹，小径”；trace“足迹，痕迹”。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点When the thief found the police had already_him,he ran away quickly.A.realizedB.knownC.spottedD.stared【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：当小偷察觉到警察已经发现他时，迅速跑掉了。spot sb./sth.“发现某人/某物”，符合题意。realize“意识到”；know“知道，了解”；stare“盯着看”。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点4.account vt. 认为 vi.说明（原因等），是的原因；（指数量等）占 n.账目；叙述，报道；原因，理由；利润，利益知知 识识 与与 要要 点点归纳拓展（1）account for 说明（原因等），作出解释；（指数量）占（2）on no account绝不on account of 因为；由于take.into account（consideration）把考虑在内keep an account of 记录，记载知知 识识 与与 要要 点点The production of raw materials accounts for a considerable proportion of the national economy.原料生产在国民经济中占相当大的比重。He has to account to the chairman for how he spends the companys money.他必须向董事长说明他是如何花公司的钱的。He had to leave his beloved basketball team on account of his injury.因受伤他不得不离开了自己深爱的篮球队。You should take the factor of her age into account.你应该把她的年龄因素考虑进去。She gave a thrilling account of her life in the jungle.她描述了她在丛林里的惊险生活。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点诱导展望表示否定意义的 on no account 放在句首时句子应用部分倒装，类似的用法还有by no means,in no way,in no case。On no account should you go there.你绝对不可以到那里去。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】Jimmy had a lot of parties recently.Yes,that might_why he didnt do well in the test.A.sum upB.add up toC.account forD.make sense of【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：吉米最近有许多聚会。是啊，那也许能解释他为什么在这次测试中表现得不好。account for“说明（原因等），作出解释”，符合题意。add up to“（数量）总计为”；sum up“总结，概括”；make sense of“理解，明白”。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Id_his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A.take into accountB.account forC.make up forD.make out【解析】句意为：我会把他与在该地区其他农民和商人中的声誉考虑在内，然后决定是否给他贷款。take into account“考虑”；account for“说明的原因”；make up for“弥补”；make out“理解，辨认出”。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点5.seek（sought；sought）vt.寻求；追求；探求，探索；（正式）试图归纳拓展seek advice/help征求建议/寻求帮助seek permission征求同意seek sth.from sb.向某人寻求某物seek to do sth.（正式）试图做某事seek ones fortune寻找致富（或成功）的机会seek out（下决心）找到seek for/after寻求，追求知知 识识 与与 要要 点点We sought long and hard but found no answer.我们费力多时也未找到答案。You should seek advice from your lawyer on this matter.这件事情你应当征求你的律师的建议。We are always seeking to improve productivity.我们一直在设法提高生产率。We must seek for/after a solution to the problem.我们必须寻求解决问题的方法。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】They are_the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health.A.seekingB.stimulatingC.shapingD.sinking【解析】seek“寻找”；stimulate“刺激”；shape“塑造”；sink“下沉，下陷”。句意为：他们在寻找有益于他们健康的最合理的饮食。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点6.contrary n.反面，对立面adj.相反的；相违背的归纳拓展on the contrary意为“与此相反，恰恰相反”，是连词，说明与前面叙述事物相反的内容。to the contrary意为“相反的，相反地”，相当于形容词或副词的作用。quite the contrary恰恰相反，正相反知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Contrary to popular belief,many cats dont like milk.与普遍的看法相反，许多猫并不喜欢牛奶。He is not poor;on the contrary,he is a millionaire.他不穷；恰恰相反，他是个百万富翁。Ill expect to see you on Sunday unless I hear anything to the contrary.我期待星期天与你相见，除非你说不来了。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】You didnt bother me. _ ,I like your company.A.In other wordsB.On the contraryC.For one thingD.On the other hand【解析】考查短语的用法。句意为：你没有打扰我。相反，我很喜欢你陪伴我。on the contrary意为“与此相反，正相反”；in other words意为“换句话说”；for one thing意为“其中一个原因是”；on the other hand意为“从另一方面说”。根据题意可知答案为B。【答案】B知知 识识 与与 要要 点点要点二：重点短语与句型1.bring up（1）抚养；教育；培养（常用于被动语态）（2）呕吐（3）提出They were brought up to respect the old.他们（从小）被教导要尊敬老人。He was so ill that he brought up everything yesterday.昨天他病得那么厉害，吐出了所有的东西。We will bring up the plan at the meeting.我们将在会上把这项计划提出来。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点归纳拓展bring about引起；导致bring back带回；（事物）使记起bring on呈现，使出现；使发展bring out使显现；生产；出版bring in获利；引进；赚得，挣得bring down使降低知知 识识 与与 要要 点点We must try to bring down the price.我们必须设法降低价格。The photographs brought back many pleasant memories.那些照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】His parents died when he was five,so he was_by his uncle.A.brought onB.brought upC.brought downD.brought in【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。根据题意“他是由他的叔叔抚养大的”可知选B。bring on意为“呈现”；bring up意为“养育，培养，教育”；bring down意为“使降低”；bring in意为“引进，赚钱”。【答案】B知知 识识 与与 要要 点点2.go ahead 执行，前进；（用于祈使句）可以；往下说归纳拓展go around/round/about（疾病、消息等）传播；四处旅行go along继续；赞同某事（with）go in for 从事于，喜欢go out出去；（灯、火）熄灭go without 在没有情况下勉强对付；将就知知 识识 与与 要要 点点You go ahead；well catch up with you later.你先行一步，我们随后就赶上来。Do you mind if I smoke?我抽烟你不会介意吧？Go ahead.请吧。Go ahead；were all listening.开始吧，我们都在听。There are a lot of very bad colds going around at the moment.此刻重感冒正在蔓延。We cant afford it,so well just have to go without.这东西我们买不起，所以只好不用了。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】Would you mind if I turned on the TV and watched CCTV news？_ .As a matter of fact,I also like watching CCTV news.A.No,you cantB.Yes,I doC.No,go aheadD.OK,no problem【解析】考查情景交际。句意为：你介意我打开电视看中央电视台的新闻吗？不介意，看吧。事实上，我也喜欢看中央新闻。根据答语内容，可知对方不介意，go ahead表示让对方去做，故排除B项；A项回答前后矛盾；D项OK，no problem意为“好吧，没问题”，表明决心，与题意不符。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点3.take a chance冒险，碰运气归纳拓展（1）take a chance=take ones chance=take chances冒险by chance/accident偶然，碰巧(2)There is no chance that.不可能（The） chance is that./(The) chances are that.可能知知 识识 与与 要要 点点We mustnt take chances.Wed better be careful.我们不要冒险，最好小心一些。The chances are that Ill be looking for a new job soon.我可能很快就去找一份新的工作。We hadnt planned to meet.We met by chance.我们原未打算相见，是偶然遇见的。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】There is much chance_Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A.thatB.WhichC.untilD.if【解析】考查名词性从句的引导词。此处that引导同位语从句，后面部分具体解释chance的内容。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点He took a big_when he made the investment.A.luckB.TimeC.chanceD.money【解析】句意为：当他投资时，他冒了很大风险。take a big chance“冒了很大风险”，符合题意。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点4.Indeed，sir，I hope youll come here whenever you like.实际上，先生，我希望您想来的时候您就来。whenever 意为“在任何时候，无论何时”。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点归纳拓展（1）whenever/wherever/however 引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。Ill discuss it with you whenever you like.你什么时候愿意我就什么时候和你商量这件事。（2）whatever/whoever/whichever/whomever 既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句时相当于 no matter what/who/which/whom。Whatever your problems are，you mustnt lose heart.不管你有什么问题，你都不能灰心。（3）“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。（4）whichever，whatever 在句中还可作定语。The content is the same,whichever book you choose.不管你选哪一本书，内容都是一样的。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点（5）however 的用法主要有以下两点：作连接副词，相当于 no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样，无论如何”，具体结构为：however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。However great the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.不管困难有多大，我们都必须及时完成任务。 however 还可作“然而”讲，是副词，不能引导从句，常用逗号隔开。I dont think we can do ithowever,well try.我认为我们做不成但是，我们还是要试试。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】Eat_cake you like and leave the others for_comes in late.A.any；whoB.every；whoeverC.whichever；whoeverD.either；whoever【解析】根据句子结构分析，两空都缺从句引导词。第一空是动词后的宾语从句引导词，第二空是介词后的宾语从句引导词。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点He is very friendly _ ，and we become friends at once.A.at allB.in allC.as wellD.indeed【解析】indeed“真正地，实际上”。句意为：他实际上非常友好，我们立刻成了朋友。at all“丝毫”，与否定句连用；in all“总共，总计”；as well“也，又”。【答案】D知知 识识 与与 要要 点点要点三：语法：宾语从句与表语从句一、宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用的从属句称为宾语从句。1.由从属连词 that，whether，if引导的宾语从句。（1）that 此时无词义，常省略，常用在believe，hear，hope，know，say，feel，think等动词后。He thought that the war was a terrible thing.他认为战争是可怕的事情。（2）whether，if 作“是否”解，常用在ask，care，find out，know，wonder 等动词或动词短语后引出带有疑问意义的从句，但不是疑问句，不可颠倒主语在前、谓语在后的顺序。I wonder if/whether he can come tomorrow.我想知道他明天是否能来。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点注意：引导宾语从句时，介词后一般不用if。少数动词，如：leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether。whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以。不定式前只能用whether。避免歧义时，我们常用whether而不用if。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点2.由连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what和连接副词when，where，how，why等引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词有词义，除引导从句外还在从句中做一定的成分。这种宾语从句有疑问意义，但不是疑问句，不可颠倒主语在前、谓语在后的顺序。I dont want to know who/whom you are talking about.我不想知道你们在谈论谁。（who/whom 在从句中作介词about的宾语）I want to know whose coat that is.我想知道那是谁的上衣。（whose 在从句中作coat的定语）知知 识识 与与 要要 点点注意：一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。少数几个介词如except，but,in后可接that引导的宾语从句。I know nothing about her except that she lives here.对于她，我只知道她住在这儿，其他的一无所知。3.在复合宾语的结构中，即在“及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构中，宾语如果由从句担任，则通常放在宾语补足语的后面，而在原来的位置上用it作形式宾语。We think it highly probable that he is dead.我们认为他很有可能死了。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点注意：（1）宾语从句的时态必须与主句呼应。如果主句中谓语动词是现在时态，那么从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响，可以根据需要使用任何时态。如果主句的谓语是过去时，宾语从句的时态应按“时态呼应”规则调整成过去范畴的相应时态。但若宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象，从句仍保持“现在”范畴时态，不可“呼应”调整。He said that he had seen the film.他说他曾看过这部电影。The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老师告诉我们光速传播比声速快。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点（2）在 think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine 等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，往往需要把否定词由从句移到主句，这叫否定转移。I dont think you are fit for the job.我认为你不适合这项工作。（3）某些表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议”的动词如insist,demand,suggest,order,require,request，recommend等词后，宾语从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词应为“should+动词原形”，should也可省略。She suggested that I （should） go to see the doctor first.她建议我应当先去看医生。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点（4）在 think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope 等动词以及 Im afraid 后，可用 so 代替一个肯定的宾语从句，用 not 代替一个否定的宾语从句。Do you think they will win the game?你认为他们会赢得比赛吗？I hope so./I hope not.我希望如此。/我希望不会。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点（5）在 do you think，do you suppose，do you expect，do you believe，do you imagine，do you suggest 之后接一个表示疑问的宾语从句时，常把表示疑问的词提到句首，其他结构按陈述句的形式放在后面。What present do you suggest I should buy for my grandfather？你认为我应该给我的爷爷买什么样的礼物？知知 识识 与与 要要 点点二、表语从句表语从句在句中作表语，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的从属连词有 that，whether，as if，as though，because等；连接代词有whose，who，whom，what，which；连接副词有when，where，how，why等。The trouble is that she has lost his address.麻烦的是她弄丢了他的地址。That is what he is worried about.那正是他所担心的。That is why he caught a cold yesterday.那就是他昨天为什么得了感冒的原因。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点注意：（1）连词 that 引导表语从句时，仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，但that 不能省略，尤其是从句较长或结构较复杂时。（2）连词if（是否）不能引导表语从句，只能用whether。The question is whether he will arrive on time. 问题在于他是否会按时到达。（3）通常只用that 引导表语从句的情况：主语是表示“结果”的名词 the result；表示“原因，理由”的名词the reason；由why引导的主语从句时。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点The result is that many of them become fat.结果是他们中许多人变胖了。The reason why I didnt attend the conference was that I was too busy.我未出席会议是因为我太忙了。Why we decided to put off the football match is that the weather was too bad.我们决定推迟这场足球赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点固定句型“The truth is that.”中，that 不能换作其他词，引导的表语从句说明实际情况，相当于“The fact is that.”，意为“实际上”。The truth is that I didnt know about it at all.实际上我一点也不知道这件事。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点（4）连词 because 引导的表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is/was because.”结构中。as if/as though 引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look，seem，sound，be，become等后面，常用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.听起来好像有人敲门。It is because he was careless.那是因为他粗心。（5）主语是表示建议、命令、要求、计划（suggestion，advice，order，request，proposal，plan）等的名词，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。My suggestion is that we （should） set off early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天早上动身。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】Imagine you are in this situation，and discuss_you should do something at once.A.That B.WhatC.If D.whether【解析】考查名词性从句引导词的运用。作discuss等词的宾语时引导词用whether，不能用if，所以排除C项。that引导名词性从句时，表示确定语气，而空格处表示不确定的语气，所以不能选A。discuss后面的宾语从句主语是you,should do是谓语；something是宾语，而what引导名词性从句时，需要在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，所以选项B错。故答案为D。句意为：想象一下你处在这种情景中，并且讨论你是否应当立刻做某件事情。【答案】D知知 识识 与与 要要 点点If that was_he told you，he was telling lies.A.whatB.ItC.whichD.that【解析】what引导表语从句，what意为“所的一切”，在从句中作宾语。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点I couldnt understand_with me.A.the matter was whatB.what was the matterC.what the matter wasD.that was the matter【解析】whats the matter这个句型，what是主语，the matter为表语，因此即使放在宾语从句中，语序也不变。【答案】B知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Ive just read a moving story which happened in Yushu earthquake. _ my face is bathed in tears.A.Its the reasonB.Thats whyC.Theres whyD.Its how【解析】thats why.“那就是的原因”。why引导表语从句。【答案】B知知 识识 与与 要要 点点