(3)Unit6 I. ObjectivesII. Suggested Teaching PlanIII. Background InformationIV. Class PresentationPreview(3)Preview How to achieve success in your life? The three passages in this unit may give you some idea. In the Listening and Speaking section, you will learn how to ask for and give advice and will do some practical exercises. In the Reading and Writing section, you will learn from Text A some tips about how to get a job and how to deal with rejection; Text B stresses the importance of putting great thoughts into practice by relating to the true story of the founder of a bank; and Text C presents four different ways to get rich.prev.(3)I. ObjectivesAfter studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to master the basic language and skills to ask for and give advice;1.understand the main idea of Text A, Text B and Text C, and master the useful sentence structures and words and expressions found in the exercises relevant to the first two texts;2.3.know how to use the direct speech and the indirect speech;4. know how to write a complaint letter;5.know how to separate facts from opinions.Obj.(3)s.t.p.1II. Suggested Teaching PlanSuggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit 6 Time Contents Plan 1) The Language for Asking For and Giving AdviceA.The teacher begins with the Preview to make sure that the students have some idea of what this unit is all about. After that, the teacher activates Listening and Speaking exercises as follows:3 periodsPreviewListening and SpeakingGive a brief lead-in talk on the practice of asking for and giving advice;(3)s.t.p.1.2B. Have the students listen to Ex.1 (23 times) and fill in the blanks with the missing words;C. Ask one student to read aloud the talk to check the fillings;D. Organize the activity to accomplish Ex.2. Divide the class into two groups: one group asking for advice, and the other giving advice using the language presented in Ex.1.Time Contents Plan (3)s.t.p.32) Asking For and Giving AdviceA. Go through the new words and expressions for the conversation in Ex.3;B. Listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words;C. Ask students to answer the questions about the conversation;D. Now have them look for language used to ask for and give advice in the conversation;Time Contents Plan E. Next, role-play the conversation.(3)s.t.p.4.1Time Contents Plan 3) Follow-up Practice (Be Selective)Go through the words and expressions from the want ad in Ex.6 and have the students do questioning exercises as guided after reading the ad. Note: One thing can be expressed in many forms. Listen to the conversation in Ex.7, do the exercises in it, and ask some students to speak out their questions. Note: One thing can be expressed in many forms. Listen to the recording of Ex.8 and ask the students to respond by interpreting orally the Chinese messages into English.A.B.C.(3)Time Contents Plan Assign the students to do Ex.4, Ex.5, Ex.9 and Ex.10 as their homework before they come to class next time. The teacher tells them how to do these exercises and presents any topic-related expressions on the chalkboard in advance, which can be used when the students make preparation for oral presentation. D.s.t.p.5(3)s.t.p.53 periods Review of the listening and speaking skills the students have learnedThe teacher begins with the assignment mainly to have a review of the functional and notional language the students picked up in the previous unit. The teacher asks some students to deliver a lecture in class according to Ex.4, and invites a few students to tell the class their messages based on the diagram in Ex.9 or present their opinions on the topic of “What is the relationship between work and pleasure?” orally. Then, the teacher turns to the Reading and Writing section. (These activities should be completed in 15 minutes.)Time Contents Plan (3)s.t.p.61) StarterAfter a brief explanation of the instructions, the teacherA. gives the students a few minutes to think about the questions in the starter; Time Contents Plan Text A & text-related exercises B. asks some students to answer the questions. (10 minutes)2) Text AA. The teacher lets the students answer the text-related questions, helps them identify the main idea of each paragraph and analyzes some(3)s.t.p.7B. guides the students through the exercises, focusing on certain items or leaving some exercises as the students homework according to the students different levels of English (one period).1 period Grammar Review 1) Grammar ReviewThe teacher talks about the use of the direct speech and the indirect speech, and at the same time, asks the students to do the grammar exercises in class.Time Contents Plan difficult sentences and some language points while discussing the whole text with the students (one and a half periods);(3)s.t.p.8Practical Writing2) Practical WritingThe teacher tells as well as shows the students how to write a complaint letter by doing Ex.12 of Practical Writing, and then requires the students to do Ex.13 as their homework.Time Contents Plan (3)s.t.p.92 periods Text B, Text C & text-related exercises 1) Text BWhile discussing the text with the students, the teacher calls on the students to pay attention to the structure of the paragraphs of the text, asking the students to answer the questions about the text. Ex.15 and Ex.16 can be done either in class or after class.2) Text CThis text should be read by the students themselves as their homework or as fast-reading in class.Time Contents Plan (3)s.t.p.10Basic Reading Skills3) Basic Reading SkillsThe teacher tells the students how to separate facts from opinions, and asks them to do the exercises in Basic Reading Skills. Time Contents Plan (3)III. Background InformationBI-mainSome “DOs” and “DONTs” in a job interviewGrameen BankMuhammad YunusA quote of Dr. Yunus(3)Do plan to arrive on time or a few minutes early. Late arrival for a job interview is never excusable.If presented with an application, do fill it out neatly and completely. Dont rely on your application or resume to do the selling for you. Interviewers will want you to speak for yourself.Do greet the interviewer by last name if you are sure of the pronunciation. If not, ask the employer to repeat it. Give the appearance of energy as you walk. Smile! Shake hands firmly. Be genuinely glad to meet the interviewer.Do wait until you are offered a chair before sitting. Sit upright, look alert and interested at all times. Be a good listener as well as a good communicator.Do look at a prospective employer in the eye while speaking.Do follow the interviewers leads, but try to get the interviewer to describe the position and the duties to you early in the interview so that you can apply your background, skills and accomplishments to the position.BI-Some1.1Some “DOs” and “DONTs” in a job interview1.2.3.4.5.6.(3)BI-some1.2Do make sure that your good points come across to the interviewer in a factual, sincere manner. Stress achievements. For example: sales records, processes developed, savings achieved, systems installed, etc.Do always conduct yourself as if you are determined to get the job you are discussing. Never close the door on opportunity.Do show enthusiasm. If you are interested in the opportunity, enthusiastic feedback can enhance your chances of being further considered. If you are not interested, your responsiveness will still demonstrate your professionalism. Dont forget to bring a copy of your rsum! Keep several copies in your briefcase if you are afraid you will forget.Dont smoke, even if the interviewer does and offers you a cigarette. Do not chew gum.Dont answer with a simple “yes” or “no.” Explain whenever possible. Describe those things about yourself which relate to the situation.Dont lie. Answer questions truthfully, frankly and succinctly.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.(3)Bl-some1.314.15.16.Dont make unnecessary derogatory remarks about your present or former employers. Obviously, there were issues or else you would not have left a prior company or be looking to leave a present employer. However, when explaining your reasons for leaving, limit your comments to those necessary to adequately communicate your rationale.Dont over-answer questions. And if the interviewer steers the conversation into politics or controversial issues, try to do more listening than speaking since this could be a sensitive situation.Dont inquire about salary, vacations, bonuses, retirement, etc., on the initial interview unless you are sure the employer is interested in hiring you. If the interviewer asks what salary you want, indicate what youve earned but that youre more interested in opportunity than in a specific salary.(From the 1997 Smarter Software Solutions) (3) The origin of Grameen Bank can be traced back to 1976 when Professor Muhammad Yunus, Head of the Rural Economics Program at the University of Chittagong, launched an action research project to examine the possibility of designing a credit delivery system to provide banking services targeted at the rural poor. The Grameen Bank Project (Grameen means “rural” or “village” in Bangla language) came into operation with the following objectives: extend banking facilities to poor men and women; eliminate the exploitation of the poor by money lenders; create opportunities for self-employment for the vast multitude of unemployed people in rural Bangladesh; bring the disadvantaged, mostly the women from the poorest households, within the fold of an organizational format which they can understand and manage by themselves; and reverse the age-old vicious circle of “low income, low saving & low investment,” into virtuous circle of “low income, injection of credit, investment more income, more savings, more investment, more income.”BI-Grameen Bank1.1Grameen Bank(3) The action research demonstrated its strength in several villages and was extended to several districts in the country. In October 1983, the Grameen Bank Project was transformed into an independent bank by government legislation. Grameen Bank has reversed conventional banking practice by removing the need for collateral and creating a banking system based on mutual trust, accountability, participation and creativity. GB provides credit to the poorest of the poor in rural Bangladesh, without any collateral. Professor Muhammad Yunus, the founder of Grameen Bank and its Managing Director, reasoned that if financial resources could be made available to the poor people on terms and conditions that are appropriate and reasonable, “these millions of small people with their millions of small pursuits could add up to create the biggest development wonder.” Today Grameen Bank is owned by the rural poor whom it serves. Borrowers of the Bank own 90% of its shares, while the remaining 10% is owned by the government. As of July, 2004, it has 3.7 million borrowers, 96 percent of whom are women. With 1,267 branches, GB provides services in 46,000 villages, covering more than 68 percent of the total villages in Bangladesh. BI-Grameen Bank1.2(3)BI-Grameen Bank1.3 Grameen Banks positive impact on its poor and formerly poor borrowers has been documented in many independent studies carried out by external agencies including the World Bank, the International Food Research Policy Institute (IFRPI) and the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS). (Adapted from the 1998 Grameen Communications) (3)BI- Muhammad Yunus1.1Muhammad Yunus Muhammad Yunus was born in 1940 in Chittagong, the business centre of what was then Eastern Bengal. He was the third of 14 children of whom five died in infancy. Educated in Chittagong, he was awarded a Fulbright scholarship and received his Ph.D. from Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. In 1972 he became head of the Economics Department at Chittagong University. He is the founder and managing director of the Grameen Bank. In 1997, Professor Yunus led the worlds first Micro Credit Summit in Washington, DC. In 1974, he led his students on a field trip to a poor village. They interviewed a woman who made bamboo stools, and learnt that she had to borrow the equivalent of 15p to buy raw bamboo for each stool made. After repaying the middleman, sometimes at rates as high as 10% a week, she was left with a penny profit margin. Had she been able to borrow at more advantageous rates, she would have been able to amass an economic cushion and raise herself above subsistence level.(3)BI- Muhammad Yunus1.2 Realizing that there must be something terribly wrong with the economics he was teaching, Yunus took matters into his own hands, and from his own pocket lent the equivalent of 17 to 42 basket-weavers. He found that it was possible with this tiny amount not only to help them survive, but also to create the spark of personal initiative and enterprise necessary for them to pull themselves out of poverty. Against the advice of banks and government, Yunus carried on giving out “micro-loans”, and in 1983 formed the Grameen Bank, meaning “village bank” founded on principles of trust and solidarity. In Bangladesh today, Grameen has 1,084 branches, with 12,500 staff serving 2.1 million borrowers in 37,000 villages. On any working day Grameen collects an average of $1.5 million in weekly installments. Of the borrowers, 94% are women and over 98% of the loans are paid back, a recovery rate higher than any other banking system. Grameen methods are applied in projects in 58 countries, including the US, Canada, France, The Netherlands and Norway. (Adapted from the 1998 Grameen Communications)(3)BI-A quote of Dr. Yunus1A quote of Dr. Yunus: “If I could be useful to another human being, even for a day, that would be a great thing. It would be greater than all the big thoughts I could have at the university.”(From the 1998 Grameen Communications) (3)Class listIV. Class PresentationListening & SpeakingReading & Writing(3)Listening & SpeakingListening & SpeakingFollow-up PracticeThe Language for Asking For and Giving AdviceAsking For and Giving Advice(3)The Language for Asking For and Giving AdviceYou are going to listen to an instructor talking about asking for and giving advice. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing words.Tell the class about a decision facing you or a planned course of action, then ask for advice. Try to use the language you have picked up in Exercise 1.LS- The Language-Main(3)LS- Follow-up-mainFollow-up PracticeRead the following words which may be new to you Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.Read the following words which may be new to you.Listen and, during the timed paused, translate orally into English the Chinese sentences in each of the following three short conversations.Take a close look at the following diagram. Think about it for one minute. Then give a two-minute oral presentation to tell the class the information in the diagramHave a discussion on the topic given below.Read the above professional advice aloud in class. Then deliver the advice as a brief(摘要摘要) in class.(3)To be or not to be? Sometimes, it is hard to , isnt it? You might ask someone you trust for advice when you find it hard to to do something. At that moment, you need . Advice helps you your decision or course of conduct. On the other hand, you might when asked for a recommendation about a decision or course of conduct. If you are thus consulted(请请 教教 ), then you must be respectable and trustful. Are you proud of yourself? Isnt it important to in asking for and giving useful advice? Arm yourself with the appropriate language for this skill:LS-The Language1-1You are going to listen to an instructor talking about asking for and giving advice. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing words.The Language for Asking For and Giving AdviceInstructor:_make a decision_make up your mind _a piece of advice_better consider _ give advice _by chance _perfect your skill _(3)you watched your behavior Personally, I would advise you to . It might be a good idea to . One thing you could do is . Maybe you could . Personally, I think your best course would be to . (You may not agree with me.) It might be a good idea if . LS-The Language for 1-2 What do you suggest I should do ? Could you give me some advice (about )? I was wondering if you could (possibly) give me some advice (about )? What shall I do ? What would you do in my position? What would you do if you were me? when I finish school_Asking for Advicemy interview_my plan_about it_Giving Adviceprepare for the worst_hope for the best_work on changing your self-image_change your mind_be independent_(3)LS-The Language for 1-3 The best thing to do is to . I suggest you . (If I were you) Id . What about ? find a job_do something_work harder_having a party_(3)Tell the class about a decision facing you or a planned course of action, then ask for advice. Try to use the language you have picked up in Exercise 1.The Language for 2(3)Asking For and Giving Advice3Asking For and Giving AdviceBefore you listen to the upcoming conversation, read the following words which may be new to you. document 文件文件 CV = Curriculum Vitae简历简历 rsum 履履历历，简历简历 guide 指南，手册指南，手册(3) Li Ming: You know, were nearing the end of of school. Wang Ying: Yes, I know. Li Ming: Im very concerned about .Wang Ying: It might be a good idea to . What do you think? Li Ming: Could you give me about what to do?Wang Ying: Well, at the moment is to get some documents ready. Li Ming: Documents? Like what?Wang Ying: For example, preparing your CV? Li Ming: What is a CV?Wang Ying: A curriculum vitae, or you can call it rsum. Li Ming: Oh, I see. I wonder if give some advice about the preparation of that document. Wang Ying: , Id get a professional guide on it. Li Ming: Should it be in English or in Chinese?Wang Ying: Surely you can answer your own question.Asking For and Giving Advice3-1Listen to the following conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words.our last year _finding a job_prepare for it_some advice _the best thing _have you thought of _you could possibly _If I were you_(3)Asking For and Giving Advice3-2Now listen to the above conversation again and answer the following questions.1. What is Li Ming concerned about?He is concerned about finding a job.2. What does Li Ming ask Wang Ying for?He asks her for advice about finding a job.3. What does Wang Ying suggest they do at the moment?She suggests that they prepare their documents.4. What is a CV according to Wang Ying?CV stands for curriculum vitae. It means rsum.5. What does Wang Ying advise Li Ming to do about the preparation of his rsum?She advises him to get a professional guide.(3)Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.Follow-up4-1Follow-up Practice tip 指点，指导指点，指导 Interviewee 被面试者被面试者;被接见者被接见者, 被访问被访问者者 folder 文件夹文件夹 academic transcript 成绩单成绩单 personnel 员工员工(3) Tips for First-time Interviewees Prepare a folder with personal job-related information: originals of academic transcripts, references, samples of work. In addition, include a copy of the information you have already supplied to the employer/interviewer and know what you have written in your rsum. Review the job advertisement and statement of duties (if provided). These can often be the basis for the questions that are asked during the interview. Research the organization with which you are having an interview and find out all you can about its structure, history, personnel and goals (remember, the Internet can be useful here). Prepare questions you want to ask the interviewer. Practice answering likely questions. Dont try to be word perfect, but prepare your thoughts and ideas about what you want to include in your answers. Know the exact place and time of the interview, and the correct pronunciation of the interviewers (or interviewers) name(s).Read the following professional advice silently while listening to the recording.Follow-up4-2(3)Follow-up5-1Read the above professional advice aloud in class. Then deliver the advice as a brief(摘要摘要) in class.(3)Follow_up6-1Read the following words and expressions which may be new to you. law firm 律师事务所律师事务所 p.r. public relation 公关公关 shorthand 速速记记 elegant 文雅的文雅的 energetic 精力充沛的精力充沛的 (3) WANTED, A SECRETARY Two years of experience (preferred in a law firm) Good at p.r. Working knowledge of computer operation English competence in both spoken and written forms Able to take notes in shorthand Elegant and energetic Tel: 021-1053-8750, 1053-8751 Fax: 021-1053-8752 http/:www.legalservice.comRead the following want ad for information.Follow_up6-2(3)Follow_up6-3Ask the receptionist three questions over the phone to get further information (write down your questions first if necessary).Question 1 about the delivery of your rsum:a. Can you tell me how I should send my rsum to you?b. In what way should I send my rsum to you?c. Whats the best way to send my rsum to you?Question 2 about the interview:a.I was wondering when you could possibly arrange an interview for me.b. When will my interview be scheduled?c. Can you give me some information about the interview?d. When can I be interviewed?Question 3 about the firms reply:a. When am I going to get your reply?b. When will you give me a reply?Act out the above short conversation in class.(3)Follow_up7-1Read the following words which may be new to you. legal 法律法律 homepage 主页主页, , 通过环球网通过环球网 ( (Web) 进行信息查询的起始信息页进行信息查询的起始信息页(3)Listen twice to the taped phone dialogue below between a receptionist and an applicant whose role you are supposed to play. First, put down your three questions for the receptionist during the timed pauses. Second, speak your questions out loud.Follow-up7-2Receptionist: Shanghai Legal Services, may I help you? Applicant: Oh, yes. Im calling about the position you advertised in the newspaper.Receptionist: Yes? Do you have any questions? Applicant:Receptionist: Please send it by mail. Applicant:Receptionist: In English, please. Applicant:Receptionist: Please include all other relevant documents with it. Applicant: I got it. Receptionist: For more information please visit our homepage. Applicant: Thanks.Yes. Whats the best way to send my rsum to you?Should the rsum be written in English or in Chinese?_Do you need any other documents?_Act out the above conversation in class.(3)Listen and, during the timed pauses, translate orally into English the Chinese sentences in each of the following three short conversations.1. A Male Voice: They told me that he has mailed out twenty rsums already. You: 今年的就今年的就业市市场很很紧张。恐怕今年的。恐怕今年的毕业班中不少人得接受比班中不少人得接受比 愿望低的工作或者去国内愿望低的工作或者去国内较差一些的地方。差一些的地方。KEY The job market is very tight this year. Im afraid that many from this years graduating class will have to settle for something less than they hoped for or go to a less desirable part of the country.Follow-up8-1(3) I really hate asking my parents for extra money. Theyre very good about helping me out when I really need something, but I find dating is quite expensive and feel I ought to be paying for it myself. The first thing Im going to do is contact a headhunter. I have an impressive rsum, so perhaps theyll be able to find me something as good or maybe even better.2.A Male Voice: There are a lot of companies that are downsizing(精精简) right now. That probably doesnt make job-hunting easy. You: 我首先要我首先要联系一家人才公司系一家人才公司( (headhunter) )。我的。我的简历很不很不错，或，或许他他 们能帮我找到一份跟能帮我找到一份跟现在一在一样好甚至更好的工作。好甚至更好的工作。3.A Male Voice: Why dont you ask your parents for extra money? You: 我真的不想我真的不想问我父母多要我父母多要钱。我真正需要什么的。我真正需要什么的时候，他候，他们总是帮助是帮助 我。不我。不过我我发现约会会( (dating) )很花很花钱，而且，而且觉得得这应该由我自己付由我自己付钱。KEY Follow-up8-2Act out the above conversations in class.KEY (3)Take a close look at the following diagram. Think about it for one minute. Then give a two-minute oral presentation to tell the class the information in the diagram.Follow-up9Entertainment Consumption in ShanghaiSuggested Presentation:(3)Suggested Presentation: This picture describes the popularity of specific entertainment activities in Shanghai. It reflects the local citizens interests and hobbies. According to the statistics, travel represents Shanghais most popular entertainment activity. At 28.9%, it takes the highest share of all leisure pursuits. Traveling for pleasure is probably important. But Shanghai is a very competitive city with a lot of development, so people may also like to travel for relaxation. About one third of total entertainment activity goes to electronic entertainment. This is one of the most contemporary of leisure pursuits. It has grown out of the development of modern technology. Books, magazines and the Internet are third on the popularity list: they make up about one fifth of Shanghais entertainment activity. Though third, this figure shows that knowledge and information are of great importance in Shanghais entertainment culture. Follow-up9-1(3)Follow-up9-3 Moreover, the statistics shows that quite a few people attend training classes in their free time. This reflects a strong desire for self-improvement and skills development. According to the statistics, the Shanghainese are not too interested in movies, performances, exhibitions and collections. Nor do they take much interest in physical workouts. Apparently they are not stimulated by the arts and are not very health-conscious. (3)Have a discussion on the topic given below.What is the relationship between work and pleasure?Follow-up10(3)Reading & WritingReading & WritingText AText BText CSorry, ButCredit, Not CharityGetting RichText A Exercises Text B Exercises Comprehension of the Text Basic Reading Skills Grammar ReviewPractical Writing (3)Text B Exercises Answer the following questions.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. Text B Exercises .main(3)Practical Writing Complaint LettersRead the following letter and answer the questions that follow.Write a complaint letter using the information provided below.Practical Writing.mian(3)StarterIn a few years you are going to graduate from college and look for a job. When you are applying for a job you like, what can you do to be successful? How can you prepare yourself for this important moment? Now discuss this with your classmates. Make a list of the points you think are important and which you can do something about in a job application.Text AText A_Starter1Points to consider in a job application: 1. _2. _3. _4. _(3) 5. _6. _7. _8. _Text A_Starter1-2(3)Text AText A_p1CH Tamra B. OrrSorry, But1 How can you deal with rejection and keep on going? Your application was perfect, and your interview was flawless. You answered every question properly, and you were totally qualified for this job. However, to your shock and amazement, you did not get it you were rejected! Why does this happen and, even more important, how are you supposed to cope with it? ?NN(3)Proper NamesTamra B. Orr / tmr bi/ 坦穆拉坦穆拉B奥尔奥尔 Jane Salmons /dV / 简简萨蒙斯萨蒙斯 TextA_p1- Tamra (3)Reasonable and Unreasonable There are a variety of reasons someone does not get a job. Some are preventable, and some just are not. For example, you might have missed out because there were 400 applicants for one position, making your chances slim. Perhaps you were rejected because the bosss nephew got the job instead. Maybe the person who interviewed you was having a rotten day, and that feeling influenced his or her judgment of you. These reasons are out of your control, so dont dwell on them. Instead, focus on the ones that are preventable the ones you can do something about. Text A?Text A_p2CHNN2(3)Points to Consider Here are some of the most important elements for getting or not getting a job: Inappropriate personal appearance. It may be the talk of your school, but the latest fad should not be part of what you wear to an interview. Tattoos, for example, may impress your friends, but they almost certainly wont make the same impression on a potential employer, nor will too much cologne or jewelry.Text AText A_p3-4?CHNN34(3)Inappropriate attitude. This can be tricky. You need to be confident without appearing cocky, and talkative without rambling. Be respectful and attentive. Show interest in the company and the position you are applying for. Ask questions, but dont focus on how much youre going to get paid and when vacation is coming. Always be punctual. Inappropriate credentials. If you are applying for a job that requires more education or experience than you have, you are likely to be rejected. Your rsum will need to highlight your strengths and abilities. Some employers frown if your GPA isnt high enough or if you arent involved in any kind of extracurricular activities. They also look closely at your job history for indications of stability.Text AText A_p5-6?CH56(3)Text AText A_p7-8?CH Other common reasons for rejection include sloppy applications, an inflexible schedule, or lack of references. The Answer Is Still No Even if you do it all right, from application through interview, you may still be rejected. While you dont have any power over the final decision, you can decide how you are going to respond to it. Keep three things in mind: Get feedback so you can make changes; dont take the rejection personally; and keep trying.N78(3)TextA_p9Text A?CHWhen youre rejected, ask the employer for his reasons, if possible. Do it professionally and calmly; you are there to learn, not argue. What you find out may give you the insight you need to improve your chances of succeeding the next time. Jane Salmons, a senior career adviser, says, “Although you may not always like to hear negative feedback, remember that the purpose of the call is to help you in the future. So whatever you do, dont argue. Youve asked for an opinion, so respect it and use it positively. Also, remember that the company may have a future job for which you would be suitable. For example, the first-choice candidate may not be able to take the position, or another suitable vacancy may arise. So dont burn your bridges.”NN9(3)Text A?CHNext, dont take rejection personally. It does not mean you are incompetent. It means this job does not suit you, so stay focused on the next one. Get right back out there and try again. Its OK to feel upset for a bit. But then get out of the house, spend some time with friends, reflect on what the experience taught you, and start filling out applications again. Rejection can often be one of the most important experiences you will ever have. Look to it for insight, accept it as part of life, and go on because the next job is out there waiting. As someone once wrote, “One more job rejection is one step closer to a job offer.” (686 words)NTextA_p10-111011(3)10) What is the right attitude toward rejection?Look to it for insight and accept it as part of life.TextA_p1-Q(3) 其其次次，不不要要认为这种种拒拒绝是是针对个个人人的的。这并并不不意意味味着着你你无无能能，只只不不过这个个工工作作不不适适合合你你。因因此此，你你要要继续关关注注下下一一份份工工作作，及及时走走出出失失败的的阴阴影影，再再次次尝试。感感到到有有点点沮沮丧是是正正常常的的，但但要要走走出出家家门，和和朋朋友友们聚聚聚聚，反反思思这次次经历中中的的经验教教训，然然后后重重新新填写申填写申请表。表。 遭遭到到拒拒绝往往往往是是你你一一生生中中最最为重重要要的的经历之之一一。要要从从中中增增长见识，视之之为人人生生的的一一部部分分并并继续努努力力因因为下下一一份份工工作作正正在在那那儿儿等等着着你你。正正如如有有人人曾曾写写道道：“在在求求职中中多多经历一次失一次失败，就是向着成功又，就是向着成功又迈进了一步。了一步。”Chinese Version Texta-P1-T(3)9) What does the writer suggest we not do when we ask an employer for the reasons for rejection? Why?The writer suggests we not argue because the company may have a future job suitable for us.Text A_Q(3)Text A_T 你你被被拒拒绝时，如如果果可可能能，不不妨妨问问雇雇主主是是什什么么原原因因。要要以以职业化化的的方方式式冷冷静静地地去去问。你你是是去去那那儿儿学学习的的，不不是是去去争争辩的的。你你得得到到的的反反馈意意见可可能能会会使使你你更更深深入入地地了了解解自自己己，这对于于提提高高下下次次成成功功的的几几率率是是很很有有必必要要的的。高高级职业顾问简萨蒙蒙斯斯说：“虽然然你你可可能能不不喜喜欢一一直直听听到到负面面的的反反馈意意见，但但切切记：你你这次次拜拜访的的目目的的是是为了了将将来来对你你有有所所帮帮助助。因因此此，无无论如如何何都都不不要要争争辩。你你是是来来征征求求对方方意意见的的，因因此此，要要尊尊重重并并积极极地地运运用用对方方的的意意见。同同时切切记，或或许该公公司司以以后后会会有有你你适适合合的的工工作作。例例如如，第第一一人人选可可能能无无法法前前来来就就职，也可能会出，也可能会出现其他合适的空缺。因此，千万不要自断退路。其他合适的空缺。因此，千万不要自断退路。”Chinese Version (3)Text A reject reject / dVk/: vt. refuse to accept; throw (sth.) away because it is not good enough, etc. 拒绝；拒绝接受；抛弃拒绝；拒绝接受；抛弃e.g. He rejected our invitation. The old man rejected my offer of help.T他拒绝了我们的邀请。他拒绝了我们的邀请。T老人拒老人拒绝了我提出的帮助。了我提出的帮助。 rejection: n. rejecting or being rejected 拒绝；抛弃拒绝；抛弃e.g. He keeps applying for jobs but constant rejections have discouraged him.For fear of rejection, he decided not to write her any more. T他不断写信求职，但一次又一次的拒绝使他灰心了。他不断写信求职，但一次又一次的拒绝使他灰心了。T他因害怕遭到拒他因害怕遭到拒绝，决定不再，决定不再给她写信了。她写信了。Language Points (3)1) What can happen to us even if we are totally qualified for a job?We can still be rejected for the job.Text A_Q(3)很抱歉，但是很抱歉，但是 坦穆拉坦穆拉B奥奥尔 遭遭到到拒拒绝绝后后，你你会会如如何何应应付付并并继继续续努努力力呢呢？你你的的求求职职申申请请书书完完美美无无缺缺，面面试试也也无无懈懈可可击击。每每一一个个问问题题你你都都回回答答得得恰恰如如其其分分，而而且且这这份份工工作作是是你你完完全全能能够够胜胜任任的的。然然而而，让让你你惊惊讶讶的的是是，你你却却没没有有得得到到这这份份工工作作你你被被拒拒绝绝了了！为为什什么么会会这这样样呢呢？而而更更重重要要的的是是，你应该如何对付这种情况呢？你应该如何对付这种情况呢？Chinese Version Text A_T(3) keep on: continue 继续继续Text AS_keep onLanguage Points e.g. He just kept on writing.Prices keep on increasing.他只是继续在写。他只是继续在写。T物价不停地上涨。物价不停地上涨。T(3)Text A_ application application /kF/: n. formal written request 申申请请，申申请书请书Language Points e.g. That year, China made a formal application to join the WTO. | an application for admission (to school) an application for a job那一年，中国正式申请加入世那一年，中国正式申请加入世(界界)贸贸(易易)组织。组织。T入学申请入学申请T求职申请求职申请(书书)T(3)Text A_S_backgroundLanguage Points flawless /: a. having no flaws; perfect 无缺点的，无瑕的；完美的无缺点的，无瑕的；完美的e.g. Her composition is flawless. 她的作文完美无瑕。她的作文完美无瑕。T(3) proper / /: a. correct or suitable; fitting or appropriate 正确的；适合的；适当的；恰当的正确的；适合的；适当的；恰当的Text A_from timeLanguage Points e.g. You havent done the job the proper way youll have to do it again. You arent wearing proper clothes for this hot weather.这么热的天，你穿的衣服不合适。这么热的天，你穿的衣服不合适。TT你没有用正确的方式做这项工作，你得重做。你没有用正确的方式做这项工作，你得重做。(3)Text A_ventLanguage Points total /: a. complete; entire 完全的；全部的完全的；全部的e.g. I want total silence.He is a total fool.我要求一点声音也没有。我要求一点声音也没有。T他是一个彻头彻尾的傻瓜。他是一个彻头彻尾的傻瓜。T(3)The writer suggests we focus on reasons that are preventable the ones we can do something about.Text A_Q2) What reasons does the writer suggest we focus on?(3)Chinese Version 有理的与无理的 一一个个人人求求职职失失败败有有各各种种各各样样的的原原因因。有有些些原原因因是是可可以以避避免免的的，有有些些则则不不可可避避免免。例例如如，你你错错过过机机会会或或许许是是因因为为一一个个职职位位有有400400个个求求职职者者，那那你你成成功功的的几几率率就就很很小小了了。或或许许你你被被拒拒绝绝是是因因为为老老板板的的侄侄子子得得到到了了这这份份工工作作。或或许许面面试试你你的的人人那那天天心心情情极极糟糟，那那种种情情绪绪影影响响了了对对你你的的判判断断。这这些些原原因因是是你你无无法法控控制制的的，所所以以就就不不要要耿耿耿耿于于怀怀了了。相相反反，要关注那些可以避免的原因，即那些你可以有所作为的原因。要关注那些可以避免的原因，即那些你可以有所作为的原因。Text A_T(3)Text A_S_latter qualified / kwad/: a. having completed the relevant training or examination 有资格的；胜任的；合格的有资格的；胜任的；合格的 e.g. Even if you have spent a year in England, that does not mean you are qualified to teach English.There is only one man qualified for the job. He is a qualified engineer.即使你在英国呆了一年，也并不意味着你有资格教英语。即使你在英国呆了一年，也并不意味着你有资格教英语。T只有一个人能胜任这项工作。只有一个人能胜任这项工作。TLanguage Points 他是一个合格的工程师。他是一个合格的工程师。T(3)Text A_S_in silenceLanguage Points However, to your shock and amazement, you did not get it you were rejected!然而，然而，让你惊你惊讶的是，你却没有得到的是，你却没有得到这份工作份工作你被拒你被拒绝了了！ The sentence after the dash(破破折折号号) further explains “you did not get it.” 本本句句中中，破破折号后的折号后的you were rejected 对 you did not get it 起解起解释说明的作用。明的作用。to sb.s shock and amazement: causing sb. to feel shocked and amazed 使某人感到震惊和诧异的是使某人感到震惊和诧异的是e.g. To my shock and amazement, he was killed in the car accident.使我深感震惊的是，他在车祸中死了。使我深感震惊的是，他在车祸中死了。T(3)Text A_further and even more important: and what is even more important 更为重要的是更为重要的是 Language Points e.g. The toy is educational, and even more important, it is safe for children.这个玩具很有教育意义，而且更为重要的是，它对孩子们来说很安全。这个玩具很有教育意义，而且更为重要的是，它对孩子们来说很安全。T(3)Text A_ overseas cope /k/ (with): vi. deal (with sb./sth.) successfully 对付，应付对付，应付e.g. She is not a competent driver and cant cope with driving in heavy traffic.She is too young to cope with all the work.她不是个合格的司机她不是个合格的司机,在交通拥挤时就开不好车。在交通拥挤时就开不好车。T她年纪太轻，应付不了所有的工作。她年纪太轻，应付不了所有的工作。TLanguage Points cope with: handle (a problem, etc.); deal effectively with 处理处理( (问题等问题等); ); 对付，应付对付，应付 (3)Text A_proposepreventable /prvebl/: a. that can be prevented 可防止的可防止的，可预防的可预防的e.g. To my regret, this failure was preventable.This disease is preventable.令我懊悔的是，这次失败本来是可以避免的。令我懊悔的是，这次失败本来是可以避免的。T这一疾病是可以预防的。这一疾病是可以预防的。TLanguage Points (3)Text A_talk round: For example, you might have missed out because there were 400 applicants for one position, making your chances slim.例如，你例如，你错过机会或机会或许是因是因为一个一个职位有位有400个求个求职者，那你成功的几率就很小了。者，那你成功的几率就很小了。In this sentence, “might have V +ed” means the speaker is not sure whether sth. has happened or not. The pattern can also be written as “may have V +ed.” If the speaker is very sure that sth. has happened, he would use “must have V +ed.” If the speaker is very sure that sth. has not happened, he would use “cant have V +ed.” The present participial phrase (现在在分分词短短语) “making your chances slim” serves as an adverbial of result. 本本句句中中might have done表表示示对过去去事事实不不确确定定的的猜猜测，也也可可以以用用may have V +ed。对过去去事事实做做肯肯定定猜猜测用用must have V +ed，对过去去事事实的的否否定定猜猜测用用cant have V+ed。现在在分分词短短语making your chances slim作作结果状果状语。Language Points (3)Text A_ give inmiss out: lose an opportunity 失去机会失去机会 Language Points e.g. We dont want the kids to miss out. They seldom get such a chance.You really missed out by not coming to the party. 我们不想让孩子们失去这次难得的机会。我们不想让孩子们失去这次难得的机会。T你没来参加聚会你没来参加聚会, ,真是错过了一次很好的机会。真是错过了一次很好的机会。T(3)Text A_ abroad applicant / k/: n. person who applies, esp. for a job, etc. 申请人；求职者申请人；求职者Language Points e.g. There are so many applicants for this position.an applicant for admission to a schoolan applicant for Party membership这一职位有很多求职者。这一职位有很多求职者。T入学申请者入学申请者T申请入党者申请入党者T(3)Language Points slim /: a. (slimmer, slimmest) (of a person) not fat; pleasantly thin; slight; small (人人)细长的；苗条的；小的细长的；苗条的；小的e.g. She is not slim enough to wear this pair of tight trousers.His chance of success is very slim.她不够苗条，穿不上这条紧身裤。她不够苗条，穿不上这条紧身裤。T他成功的希望很小。他成功的希望很小。TText A_slim (3)Text A_ whereasLanguage Points nephew / j/: n. son of ones brother or sister 侄子；外甥侄子；外甥e.g. My nephew is so naughty. 我的外甥很顽皮。我的外甥很顽皮。T(3)Text A_ affectionLanguage Points e.g. What rotten weather!The fish is rotten; you must not eat it. 多么恶劣的天气！多么恶劣的天气！T这鱼已经坏了，你千万不能吃。这鱼已经坏了，你千万不能吃。T rotten / /: a. decayed; having gone bad; infml very bad; very unpleasant 腐烂的；变质的；腐烂的；变质的；口口极坏的；令人极不愉快的极坏的；令人极不愉快的 (3)Text A_knock down judgment / dVQdV/: n. action or process of judging; ability in judging the value or worth of sb./sth.; opinion 判断；判断力；看法，意见判断；判断力；看法，意见Language Points e.g. In her judgment, education is more important than birth. He is a man of good judgment.照她看来，教育比出身更重要。照她看来，教育比出身更重要。T他是一个判断力很强的人。他是一个判断力很强的人。T(3)out of sb.s control: that sb. cannot do anything about or keep in order 某人无法控制的某人无法控制的Language Points e.g. He didnt make a quick decision and the situation is now out of his control.他没有当机立断，形势现在失控了。他没有当机立断，形势现在失控了。TText A_ utter (3)Text A_Q3) What does the writer think are the most important elements for getting a job?The most important elements are appropriate personal appearance, appropriate attitude and appropriate credentials.4) What suggestions does the writer make about personal appearance?The writer suggests not giving into the latest fad, for example wearing tattoos, or too much cologne or jewelry.(3)Text A_TChinese Version 要要考虑的几点：考虑的几点： 以下是求职能否成功最重要的几个因素：以下是求职能否成功最重要的几个因素： 不适当的个人仪表：不适当的个人仪表： 最新的时尚服饰或许是校园里的热门话题，但它不应该是最新的时尚服饰或许是校园里的热门话题，但它不应该是你面试时穿着的一部分。例如，文身也许能给你的朋友们留下深刻的印象，但它们几你面试时穿着的一部分。例如，文身也许能给你的朋友们留下深刻的印象，但它们几乎肯定不会给未来的雇主留下同样的印象。同样，过多的香水或首饰也不会留下太好乎肯定不会给未来的雇主留下同样的印象。同样，过多的香水或首饰也不会留下太好的印象。的印象。 (3)Text A_ throatInstead, focus on the ones that are preventable the ones you can do something about. 相反，要关注那些可以避免的原因，即那些你可以有所作为的原因。相反，要关注那些可以避免的原因，即那些你可以有所作为的原因。The pronoun “the ones” in this sentence replaces “the reasons” in the previous sentence, thus avoiding repetition. The part after the dash(破折号破折号) serves as an appositive(同位语同位语), which further explains “the ones that are preventable.” 本句中的代词本句中的代词 the ones 替代前面一句中的替代前面一句中的 the reasons，避免了重避免了重复。破折号后的成分作复。破折号后的成分作 the ones that are preventable 的同位语，起解释说明的作的同位语，起解释说明的作用。用。Language Points (3)Text A_ impact appropriate /: a. suitable; right and proper 适合的；适当的；恰当的适合的；适当的；恰当的Language Points e.g. This is an appropriate example.These clothes were not appropriate for such a formal occasion.这是一个适当的例子。这是一个适当的例子。这些衣服不适宜在这样正式的场合穿。这些衣服不适宜在这样正式的场合穿。TT(3)Text A_ inability the latest fad should not be part of what you wear to an interview. 最新的时尚服饰不应该是你面试时穿着的一部分。最新的时尚服饰不应该是你面试时穿着的一部分。In this sentence, the subordinating clause (从从句句) “what you wear” serves as the object of the preposition “of.” There is another example in paragraph 7 “reflect on what the experience taught you.” 本本句句中中，从从句句what you wear作作介介词词of的宾语。同样的例子还有第七段中的的宾语。同样的例子还有第七段中的reflect on what the experience taught you。Language Points (3)Text A_ break down fad /d/: n. fashion, interest, preference, enthusiasm, etc. that does not last a long time 一时的风尚，一时的狂热一时的风尚，一时的狂热 Language Points e.g. The young like to pursue fads. 年轻人喜欢追求时尚。年轻人喜欢追求时尚。T(3)Tattoos, for example, may impress your friends, but they almost certainly wont make the same impression on a potential employer, nor will too much cologne or jewelry. 例例如如文文身身也也许许能能给给你你的的朋朋友友们们留留下下深深刻刻的的印印象象，但但它它们们几几乎乎肯肯定定不不会会给给未未来来的的雇雇主主留留下同样的印象。同样，过多的香水或首饰也不会留下太好的印象。下同样的印象。同样，过多的香水或首饰也不会留下太好的印象。In English, “neither” or “nor” can be used to add another negative statement about someone or something. When a sentence starts with “neither” or “nor”, it should be in the inverted order. And “so” can be used to add another positive statement about someone or something. When a sentence starts with “so,” it should also be in the inverted order. 英英语语中中，表表示示与与前前面面所所提提到到过过的的情情况况相相同同的的否否定定时时用用neither或或nor，这这两两个个词词置置于于句句首首时时，其其后后的的句句子子主主谓谓倒装。倒装。 I cant go tomorrow and neither/nor can my brother. 明天我去不了，我兄弟也去不了。明天我去不了，我兄弟也去不了。 My mother is ill this week. So is my sister. 我母亲病了，我姐姐也病了我母亲病了，我姐姐也病了 。Text A_thereafterLanguage Points T又如又如：例如例如：T在肯定句中，表示相同情况时用在肯定句中，表示相同情况时用so。置于句首时，其后的句子也主谓倒装。置于句首时，其后的句子也主谓倒装。(3)Text A_ discharge tattoo /: n. tattooed picture or pattern on the skin 文身；刺花文身；刺花Language Points e.g. The sailor had a heart tattoo on his arm. 那水兵的手臂上有一个心形刺花。那水兵的手臂上有一个心形刺花。T(3)Text A_S_ pierceimpress /: vt. have a favorable effect on (sb.); make (sb.) feel admiration and respect 给给(某人某人)深刻的印象；使深刻的印象；使(某人某人)钦佩钦佩 e.g. His words impressed me strongly. I wrote down whatever impressed me during the journey. 他的话给我留下了深刻的印象。他的话给我留下了深刻的印象。T我记下了旅行过程中使我感动的所有事物。我记下了旅行过程中使我感动的所有事物。TLanguage Points impression /F/: n. deep lasting effect on the mind or feeling of sb. 印象；感想印象；感想 e.g. What were your first impressions of London?He made a deep impression on almost everyone. 你对伦敦的最初印象如何？你对伦敦的最初印象如何？T他几乎给每个人都留下了很深的印象。他几乎给每个人都留下了很深的印象。T(3)Text A_ relationship Language Points potential /F/: a. able to exist or happen but not yet existing or happening; possible 潜在的；可能的潜在的；可能的e.g. Every seed is a potential plant.Our country has many potential resources.每粒种子都可能长成植物。每粒种子都可能长成植物。T我们国家有许多潜在资源。我们国家有许多潜在资源。T(3)Text A_ miserable employer /: n. person or company that employs others 雇用者，雇主雇用者，雇主Language Points e.g. The car industry is one of our biggest employers.汽车工业是我们最大的雇主之一。汽车工业是我们最大的雇主之一。T(3)Text A_S_belovedLanguage Points confident / kd/: a. feeling or showing trust in oneself or ones ability 自信的，确信的自信的，确信的 e.g. Peter is confident of winning the post as assistant to the managing director. He often wears a confident smile.彼得确信他能赢得总经理助理的职位。彼得确信他能赢得总经理助理的职位。T他经常面带自信的微笑。他经常面带自信的微笑。T(3)Text A_invitationLanguage Points cocky / kk/: a. conceited; arrogant 骄傲自大的；趾高气扬的骄傲自大的；趾高气扬的e.g. Hes a bit too cocky and one day hes going to make a mistake.他有点太自负他有点太自负,总有一天要犯错误的。总有一天要犯错误的。T(3) ramble / b/: vi. wander in ones talk without keeping to the subject 漫谈；瞎聊漫谈；瞎聊e.g. She rambled on about her uninteresting affairs.I am sorry for this rambling letter.她没完没了地谈她那些平淡无趣的私事。她没完没了地谈她那些平淡无趣的私事。TLanguage Points 写了这么一封杂乱无章的信，对不起。写了这么一封杂乱无章的信，对不起。TText A_fold (3)Text A_Q 5) What is the right attitude in an interview?Be confident without appearing cocky and talkative without rambling, be respectful and attentive, show interest and ask proper questions, and always be punctual.6) What suggestions does the writer make about credentials?The writer suggests highlighting strengths and abilities in the rsum.(3)Text A_TChinese Version 不不适适当当的的态态度度：这这一一点点可可能能很很难难把把握握。你你需需要要表表现现得得自自信信而而又又不不显显得得自自以以为为是是，要要能能说说会会道道而而又又不不漫漫无无边边际际。要要尊尊重重别别人人，注注意意力力集集中中。对对公公司司和和你你所所申申请请的的职职位位要要表表现现出兴趣。可以问问题，但不要过多地关注你会得到多少薪金、何时有假期。一定要准时。出兴趣。可以问问题，但不要过多地关注你会得到多少薪金、何时有假期。一定要准时。 不合适的学历证书：不合适的学历证书：如果你申请的工作要求更高的学历和更多的工作经验，你有可如果你申请的工作要求更高的学历和更多的工作经验，你有可能会遭到拒绝。因此，在你的简历中需要突出你的长处和能力。如果你的平均积分点不能会遭到拒绝。因此，在你的简历中需要突出你的长处和能力。如果你的平均积分点不够高，或者没有参加过任何课外活动，一些雇主是会皱眉头不满意的。他们也会仔细审够高，或者没有参加过任何课外活动，一些雇主是会皱眉头不满意的。他们也会仔细审查你的工作经历，看你在工作中是否具有稳定性。查你的工作经历，看你在工作中是否具有稳定性。(3)Text A_affectionatelyLanguage Points attentive /v/: a. giving careful attention 注意的，聚精会神的注意的，聚精会神的e.g. He is very attentive to his dress.A speaker likes to have an attentive audience. Hes quite attentive to his girlfriend.他是个很注意穿着的人。他是个很注意穿着的人。T演说者喜欢听众专心听。演说者喜欢听众专心听。T他对女友很殷勤。他对女友很殷勤。T(3)Text A_ punctualpunctual / Qkj/: a. arriving or doing sth. at the agreed time 准时的，守时的，正点的准时的，守时的，正点的e.g. She is always punctual, but her friend is always late. 她总是很守时，可她的朋友却老是迟到。她总是很守时，可她的朋友却老是迟到。TLanguage Points (3)Text A_ credentials credential /kdF/: a. written papers or documents showing or proving that one has the power or authority to do sth.; qualifications 证明书；证件；文凭；资格证明书；证件；文凭；资格e.g. His credentials were so satisfactory that he was given the post of manager. Her academic credentials include an MA and a Ph.D.他的各种证书令人极为满意，因此给了他经理的职位。他的各种证书令人极为满意，因此给了他经理的职位。T她拥有文科硕士和哲学博士学位文凭各一张。她拥有文科硕士和哲学博士学位文凭各一张。TLanguage Points (3)TextA-rsum rsum / , /: n. brief account of sb.s previous career, usu. submitted with an application for a job (求职者等写的求职者等写的)简历，履历简历，履历 e.g. Every job applicant needs to prepare a rsum. 每一位求职者都需要准备一份简历。每一位求职者都需要准备一份简历。TLanguage Points (3)TextA-highlight highlight / haa/: vt. give special attention to; emphasize 对对予以特别注意；突出；强调予以特别注意；突出；强调e.g. The minister highlighted the need for immediate action. The report highlights the problem of the unemployed.部长强调了立即采取措施的必要性。部长强调了立即采取措施的必要性。T报告强调了失业者的问题。报告强调了失业者的问题。TLanguage Points (3)TextA- frown frown /a/: vi. bring the eyebrows together, so wrinkling the skin on ones forehead (to express anger, wrong, etc.) 皱眉，蹙额皱眉，蹙额(以示生气、担忧等以示生气、担忧等) e.g. The teacher frowned angrily at the noisy class.He frowned as he heard this news.老师生气地对那班吵吵嚷嚷的学生皱起眉头。老师生气地对那班吵吵嚷嚷的学生皱起眉头。T听到这个消息时他皱起了眉头。听到这个消息时他皱起了眉头。TLanguage Points (3)TextA-extracurricular extracurricular /kkkj/: a. outside the regular course of work or study at a school or college 课外的课外的e.g. Sports and drama are the schools most popular extracurricular activities.体育和戏剧是学校最流行的课外活动。体育和戏剧是学校最流行的课外活动。TLanguage Points (3)TextA- indicate indicate / dk/: vt. show by a sign, movement, etc.表明，暗表明，暗示示e.g. A signpost indicated the right road for us to follow. I indicated that his help was not welcome.一个路标给我们指出应走的路。一个路标给我们指出应走的路。TLanguage Points 我暗示他的帮助不受欢迎。我暗示他的帮助不受欢迎。T indication /dkF/: n. thing or sign that shows that sth. exists or may happen 表示表示；迹象迹象e.g. Did he give you any indication of his feelings?Smiles and frowns are indications of emotion.There are clear indications that the war will soon be over.他向你表露过他的感情吗他向你表露过他的感情吗?T微笑和皱眉是感情的表示。微笑和皱眉是感情的表示。T有清楚的迹象表明战争即将结束。有清楚的迹象表明战争即将结束。T(3)TextA- stableStable / b/: a. firmly established or fixed; not likely to move or change 稳定的；稳固的；牢固的稳定的；稳固的；牢固的e.g. Markets are flourishing and prices are stable. Is that desk stable?The world needs a stable peace.市场繁荣市场繁荣, 物价稳定。物价稳定。TLanguage Points 那张桌子牢固吗？那张桌子牢固吗？T世界需要持久和平。世界需要持久和平。T(3)Text A_ Q7) What else may also lead to rejection?Sloppy applications, an inflexible schedule, or lack of references8) What should we keep in mind if we are doing everything right but are still rejected?We should keep three things in mind: Get feedback so we can make changes; dont take the rejection personally and keep trying.(3)Text A_ TChinese Version 遭遭拒拒绝绝的的其其他他原原因因还还包包括括求求职职信信潦潦草草、时时间间安安排排上上没没有有灵灵活活性性或或缺缺少少推荐信等。推荐信等。回答仍然是回答仍然是“No” 即即使使从从递递交交求求职职信信到到面面试试，每每一一个个环环节节都都做做得得天天衣衣无无缝缝，你你仍仍然然有有可可能能遭遭到到拒拒绝绝。虽虽然然你你对对最最终终的的决决定定无无能能为为力力，但但你你却却可可以以决决定定如如何何对对此此作作出出反反应应。请请牢牢记记三三点点：获获取取反反馈馈意意见见，以以便便有有所所改改进进；不不要要认认为为这这种种拒拒绝绝是针对个人的；继续努力。是针对个人的；继续努力。(3)TextA-sloppysloppy / / : a. (of a person) careless and untidy in dress, or in the way he does things; done in a careless and untidy way (人人)衣着不整的；做事马虎的；草率的；粗心的衣着不整的；做事马虎的；草率的；粗心的e.g. do a sloppy job of sth.a sloppy rooma sloppy piece of writing马马虎虎地做某事马马虎虎地做某事T邋遢的房间邋遢的房间TLanguage Points 一篇写得草率的文章一篇写得草率的文章T(3)TextA-flexibleflexible / kb/: a. that can bend easily without breaking; easily changed to suit new conditions 易弯曲的；有弹性的；灵活的易弯曲的；有弹性的；灵活的e.g. We can visit your company on Monday or Tuesday; our plans are very flexible.flexible working hours我们可以在星期一或星期二访问你们公司我们可以在星期一或星期二访问你们公司,我们的计划是相当灵活的。我们的计划是相当灵活的。T弹性工作时间弹性工作时间TLanguage Points (3)TextA- lacklack /k/ 1. vt. be without; have less than enough of 没有；缺乏；缺少；不足没有；缺乏；缺少；不足e.g. She lacks the money to buy new shoes.She is lacking courage.她没有钱买新鞋。她没有钱买新鞋。T她缺乏勇气。她缺乏勇气。TLanguage Points 2. n. absence or shortage (of sth. that is needed) 缺乏；缺少缺乏；缺少e.g. Owing to a lack of time, we cannot do more than what we have done. The plants died for/through lack of water.由于时间不够，我们只能做到这样。由于时间不够，我们只能做到这样。T那些植物因缺水而枯死了。那些植物因缺水而枯死了。T(3)TextA-referencereference / r/: n. act of referring to sb./sth.; statement about a persons character or abilities 提到；谈到；提到；谈到；(关于某人品行或能力的关于某人品行或能力的)证明文书；推荐信证明文书；推荐信e.g. She made frequent references to her promotion. When I was looking for a job, I asked my head teacher to give me a reference.My former last boss gave me a good reference. 她时常提到她的升迁。她时常提到她的升迁。T我在找工作时，要班主任给我写了一封推荐信。我在找工作时，要班主任给我写了一封推荐信。TLanguage Points 我原先的老板给我写了一封很好的推荐信。我原先的老板给我写了一封很好的推荐信。T(3)TextA- While you dont While you dont have any power over the final decision, you can decide how you are going to respond to it. 虽然你对最终的决定无能为力，但你却可以决定如何对此作出反应虽然你对最终的决定无能为力，但你却可以决定如何对此作出反应。In this sentence, the conjunction “while” means “though” or “although” and introduces an adverbial clause of concession. 本句中连词本句中连词while引导让步状语从句，表示引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然尽管，虽然”。Language Points (3)TextA- keep in mindkeep in mind: remember 记住，把记住，把记在心里记在心里e.g. Its a good idea Ill keep it in mind.Keep in mind that the price does not include flights.这是个好主意，我会记住的。这是个好主意，我会记住的。T记住这个价格不包括机票。记住这个价格不包括机票。TLanguage Points (3)TextA- feedbackfeedback / idbk/ : n. information about a product, etc. that a user gives back to its supplier, maker, etc. 反馈信息，反应反馈信息，反应e.g. The school asked the students for feedback on the new curriculum.They improved their products according to the market feedback.学校征求学生对新课程设置的反馈意见。学校征求学生对新课程设置的反馈意见。T他们根据市场反馈改进了产品。他们根据市场反馈改进了产品。TLanguage Points (3)TextA-calmcalm /kB/ : a. (of a person, the mind) free from anxiety, not disturbed 镇静的，镇定的镇静的，镇定的e.g. The President was calm throughout the global crisis. He was calm when I told him the bad news. 在全球危机的整个过程中，总统一直很镇静。在全球危机的整个过程中，总统一直很镇静。T当我告诉他那个坏消息时，他很平静。当我告诉他那个坏消息时，他很平静。TLanguage Points (3)What you find out may give you the insight you need to improve your chances of succeeding the next time. 你你得得到到的的反反馈馈意意见见可可能能会会使使你你更更深深入入地地了了解解自自己己，这这对对于于提提高高下下次次成成功功的的几几率率是是很很有必要的有必要的。The subject of the sentence is the clause “What you find out.” 本句的主语是从句本句的主语是从句 What you find out。Language Points TextA- What you find (3) insight / a/: n. ability to see into the nature of sth.; deep understanding 洞察力；深刻了解洞察力；深刻了解e.g. He is a man of insight. She has a womans quick insight into character. He has given me an insight into literature.他是一个有洞察力的人。他是一个有洞察力的人。T她对人的品格具有女性特有的敏锐眼光。她对人的品格具有女性特有的敏锐眼光。TLanguage Points 他使我对文学有了深入的了解。他使我对文学有了深入的了解。TTextA- insight (3) advise /dva/ vt. give advice to; recommend 劝告；向劝告；向提供意见；建议提供意见；建议e.g. The doctor advised me to get more exercise.I advised him to take advantage of the opportunity.医生劝我加强体育锻炼。医生劝我加强体育锻炼。T我建议他利用这个机会。我建议他利用这个机会。TLanguage Points adviser /dva/: n. person who gives advice, esp. sb. who is regularly consulted 顾问顾问e.g. He is a senior adviser to the President.他是总统的一名高级顾问。他是总统的一名高级顾问。TTextA- advise(3) opinion /j/: n. what a person thinks about sth. 意见意见,看法看法,主张主张e.g. He asked his fathers opinion about his plans.In my opinion, youre wrong.他向父亲征求对他的计划的意见。他向父亲征求对他的计划的意见。T依我看，你错了。依我看，你错了。TLanguage Points TextA- opinion (3)Also, remember that the company may have a future job for which you would be suitable.同时切记，或许该公司以后会有你适合的工作。同时切记，或许该公司以后会有你适合的工作。 an attributive clause modifying “a future job.” The relative pronoun(关关系系代代词词) “which” serves as the object of the preposition “for.” In this case, the preposition can precede the relative pronoun to make the sentence sound more formal. 本本句句中中for which you would be suitable是是一一个个定定语语从从句句，修修饰饰a future job，其其中中关关系系代代词词which作作介介词词for的的宾宾语语；在在这这种种情情况况下下，介介词词可可以以置置于于关关系系代代词词之之前前，使使句句子子更更加加正正式式。例例如如：This is the book for which you ask. 这这就就是是你你要要的的书书。The man with whom you shook hands just now is our manager.刚刚才才和和你你握手的那个人是我们的经理。握手的那个人是我们的经理。Language Points TextA- Also, remember (3) suitable / jb/ : a. right or appropriate for a purpose or an occasion 合适的，适宜的，恰当的合适的，适宜的，恰当的e.g. This toy is not suitable for young children.These books are suitable for children.这个玩具不适合低龄孩童玩。这个玩具不适合低龄孩童玩。T这些书籍适合儿童阅读。这些书籍适合儿童阅读。TLanguage Points TextA- suitable (3) candidate / kdd/: n. person who applies for a job or is nominated for election; person taking an examination (求职求职)申请者；候选人；投考者申请者；候选人；投考者e.g. He offered himself as a candidate for the position.他自荐为该职位的候选人。他自荐为该职位的候选人。TLanguage Points TextA- candidate (3) vacancy / vk/ : n. unfilled position or post 空空缺缺；空空职职；空空位位e.g. Sorry, the vacancy in the office has been filled. We have a vacancy for a typist. 对不起对不起,这个空缺的职位已有人补上了。这个空缺的职位已有人补上了。T 我们有一个打字员的空缺。我们有一个打字员的空缺。TLanguage Points TextA- vacancy (3)burn ones bridges: do sth. that makes it impossible to go back to a previous situation 破釜沉舟；自断退路破釜沉舟；自断退路e.g. She finally realized that she had burnt her bridges.Im really interested in that job in Washington, but I dont want to burn my bridges with this company.她最终认识到她已经自断退路了。她最终认识到她已经自断退路了。T我真的对华盛顿的那份工作很感兴趣，但我不想和现在的这家公司一刀两断。我真的对华盛顿的那份工作很感兴趣，但我不想和现在的这家公司一刀两断。TLanguage Points TextA- burn ones (3) competent /k/: a. having the necessary ability, skill, etc. 有能力的，胜任的有能力的，胜任的 e.g. She is a competent typist.He is competent for the task.她是一个称职的打字员。她是一个称职的打字员。T他胜任这项任务。他胜任这项任务。TLanguage Points TextA- competent(3) stay focused on the next one. 要继续关注下一份工作。要继续关注下一份工作。In this sentence, “stay” serves as a link verb, indicating a state. Its grammatical function is the same as “be.” 本本句句中中stay作作连连系系动动词词，相相当当于于动动词词be，表示状态。，表示状态。Language Points TextA- stay focused .(3)get back: come back; return; retreat 回来；返回；退后回来；返回；退后e.g. Ill talk to you when I get back.She felt very happy to get back to her hometown again.我回来后要和你谈谈。我回来后要和你谈谈。T又一次回到故乡，她感到很高兴。又一次回到故乡，她感到很高兴。TLanguage Points TextA- get back(3)reflect on: think carefully about 仔细考虑，深思，反省仔细考虑，深思，反省e.g. He had time to reflect on his successes and failures.She sat there reflecting on how much had changed these years. 他有时间来反思自己的成功与失败。他有时间来反思自己的成功与失败。T她坐在那里，沉思这些年来发生了多少变化。她坐在那里，沉思这些年来发生了多少变化。TLanguage Points TextA- reflect on(3)fill out: provide information requested in (an application form, etc.) 填写填写(申请表等申请表等)e.g. Fill out the form and send it to me.把这张表填一下，然后寄给我。把这张表填一下，然后寄给我。TLanguage Points TextA- fill out(3)look to (sb./sth.) for (sth.): hope that (sb./sth.) will provide (sth. that one wants, needs, etc.) 指望指望(某人某人/某物某物)提供提供(某物某物)e.g. We look to you for support.Poor people often look to the government for help.我们指望你能支持我们。我们指望你能支持我们。T穷人往往指望政府提供帮助。穷人往往指望政府提供帮助。TLanguage Points TextA- look to (3)Text A Exercises Reading AloudUnderstanding the TextReading AnalysisVocabularyStructureTranslationText A Exercises.list Cloze(3)StructureRewrite the following sentences according to the model given below.Rewrite the following sentences according to the model given below .Structure(3)VocabularyFill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the formswhere necessary.Vocabulary(3)Understanding the TextAnswer the following questionsTopics for Discussion.Understanding the Text(3)Read the following paragraph until you have learned them by heart.Next, dont take rejection personally. It does not mean you are incompetent. It means this job does not suit you, so stay focused on the next one. Get right back out there and try again. Its OK to feel upset for a bit. But then get out of the house, spend some time with friends, reflect on what the experience taught you, and start filling out applications again. Rejection can often be one of the most important experiences you will ever have. Look to it for insight, accept it as part of life, and go on because the next job is out there waiting. As someone once wrote, “One more job rejection is one step closer to a job offer.”Read the followingReading Aloud(3)Answer the following questionsUnderstandling-AnswerWhat can happen to us even if we are totally qualified for a job?What reasons does the writer suggest we focus on?What does the writer think are the most important elements for getting a job?What suggestions does the writer make about personal appearance?What is the right attitude in an interview?What suggestions does the writer make about credentials?What else may also lead to rejection?What should we keep in mind if we are doing everything right but are still rejected?What does the writer suggest we not do when we ask an employer for the reasons for rejection? Why?What is the right attitude toward rejection?Understanding the Text1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.(3)Topics for Discussion.1. Have you ever been rejected? What did you feel at that time and how did you cope with it? Share your experiences with your classmates and give your advice.2. If you were going to interview some job applicants, what qualities would you value most? Why?Topics-1(3)You should focus on and shouldnt dwell on .How to deal with Part Topic Paragraph(s) Main IdeaRead Text A again and complete the following table.Sometimes even if you are totally the job and doing everything correct, you can still be rejected.rejection _Read text-1qualified for _1Inappropriate . You shouldnt wear to an interview, nor too much .Inappropriate . You should be confident but not , talkative but not . personal appearance _Reading Analysis2Reasons for rejectionthe reasons that are preventable _ _the ones that are out of your control _ _Points to consider 3-4latest clothing fad _cologne or jewelry_attitude_cocky_rambling _(3)Get feedback so that and remember not to .Dont take rejection for it doesnt mean ; it just means .Keep trying, for rejection can often be in your life. the job doesnt suit you Read text-2Now retell the main idea of the passage by using the information in the table you have completed. Part Topic Paragraph(s) Main IdeaYou should be , attentive and . You should and ask questions but not . Inappropriate . You should in your rsum.respectful_ punctual_ show interest _focus on the pay and the vacation_credentials_ highlight your strengths and abilities _ Keep three things in mind 5-8 you can make changes _ argue_ personally_ you are incompetent_ one of the most important experiences _(3)Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.Vocabulary-Fill in1-1potential properly lack confident punctual feedbackqualified reject judgmentemployer candidate suitable1.Several hundred people competed for the job, but nearly all of them were2. for one reason or another.2. Parents should teach their children from an early age to behave in public.3. Teachers need to have good of their pupils need and abilities and provide proper guidance.4. She asked her for a raise, but was refused.5. In fact, it is of confidence, not of ability, that makes most people fail.6. The employees felt greatly encouraged by the positive theyd had from their boss.feedback_rejected_employerproperly_judgment_lack_Vocabulary(3)Vocabulary-Fill in1-2 7. The applicant will not be for the position unless he has had much work experience. 8. The first person we interviewed was clearly not for the job because he asked for a salary that we couldnt afford. 9. We hope that every for the coming election will give some consideration to these issues.10. Although he is very poor at the subject, he is still quite that he will pass the examination.11. George was an experienced and smart car salesman, so he could recognize a customer when he saw one.12. Dont wait for her! She is never for company meetings; she is always late. punctual_qualified_ suitable_confident_candidate_potential_potential properly lack confident punctual feedbackqualified reject judgmentemployer candidate suitable(3)1. People who successfully difficult situations usually look ahead and prepare themselves for any circumstances.2. Some children because their parents cant afford to pay for school trips.3. How many jobs had you before you were offered this one?4. It is important to your audience when writing a report.5. My plan is to see your country as you have seen mine, and to settle down among the people.6. True understanding comes from your past experience.Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.Vocabulary-Fill in2-1reflect on cope with keep in mind fill outmiss out a variety of to sb.s amazement apply forget back for a bitcope with _ in mind _miss out _applied for _ keep_ bit for a _reflecting on_(3)Vocabulary-Fill in2-2 7. Jobseekers(求求职者者) are asked to forms and present rsums that detail their education, experience, and other strengths. 8. We spent the whole day in the mountains and didnt till dark. 9. Newspapers and magazines provide information and entertainment every day.10. , the 70-year-old man has beaten the young athlete in the match.get back _ a variety of _ To our amazement_fill out _reflect on cope with keep in mind fill outmiss out a variety of to sb.s amazement apply forget back for a bit(3)Rewrite the following sentences according to the model given below.Structure-complete1-11. The girl could not read, and she could not write either.The girl could not read, nor could she write._The boy is not satisfied with the living conditions, nor are his classmates._StructureModel: Tattoos wont make the same impression on a potential employer, and too much cologne or jewelry wont either.Tattoos wont make the same impression on a potential employer, nor will too much cologne or jewelry.2. The boy is not satisfied with the living conditions, and his classmates are not satisfied with them either.3. Ted was not at the meeting, and he was not at work yesterday either.Ted was not at the meeting, nor was he at work yesterday._4. Mary hadnt said a single word since supper, and her husband had not said anything either.Mary hadnt said a single word since supper, nor had her husband._(3)5. They didnt invite me, and they didnt invite my parents either.They didnt invite me, nor did they invite my parents._6. The parents never punish their child, and the teacher never punishes him either.The parents never punish their child, nor does the teacher._Structure-complete1-2(3)Rewrite the following sentences according to the model given below.Model: You felt amazed that you didnt get the job.To your amazement, you didnt get the job.1. I deeply regret that I am unable to accept your kind invitation.To my deep regret, I am unable to accept your kind invitation._2. John was surprised that this college graduate couldnt even operate the computer.To Johns surprise, this college graduate couldnt even operate the computer._3. The parents were delighted to know that their son had fully recovered from the disease.To the parents delight, their son had fully recovered from the disease._Structure-complete1-3(3)Structure-complete2-14. We were greatly disappointed that we played so well yet still lost.To our great disappointment, we played so well yet still lost._5. Everyone was shocked to hear Brian died of a heart attack yesterday hes so young!To everyones shock, Brian died of a heart attack yesterday hes so young!_6. The woman was horrified to see her neighbor killed in the accident.To the womans horror, she saw her neighbor killed in the accident._(3) “The harder you work to find a job, the more rejections you get. (1) proud of them,” experts say. Many experts believe that getting a lot of (2) can say a lot about your determination. As a (3) of fact, a good job search is one that generates a lot of rejection. You cant (4) it, so what you should do is to get over it and move on.Of course, it may help (5) you take a look at your approach to (6) a job and see if you can win the job search game more quickly. You might be seeking jobs that (7) more skills or experience than you have. Maybe you are displaying a (8) attitude during interviews. Ask an expert (9) help and see what aspect of your job search may (10) changing, and whether your interviewing skills are appropriate. A job search is like (11) for your lost keys. Theyre in the last place you look because you stop looking after you find them. The longer your search lasts, the more rejections youll get. But, (12) you know it, youll find the job that you want. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word.matter_Structure_clozeClozeavoid_Be_before_for_rejections_if_finding_require_negative_ looking_need_(3)Tr1Translate the following sentences into English.1.有有时候，即使你完全有候，即使你完全有资格格胜任任这份工作，你仍然有可能遭到拒份工作，你仍然有可能遭到拒绝。Sometimes even if you are totally qualified for the job, you may still be rejected.2. 2. 要学会要学会应付困付困难的的处境，更境，更为重要的是，不要指望重要的是，不要指望别人来帮你。人来帮你。You should learn to cope with difficult situations. And even more important, dont look to others for help.3. 使我惊使我惊讶讶的是，他不的是，他不仅仅参加了各种各参加了各种各样样的的课课外活外活动动，还还申申请请了一份兼了一份兼职职工作工作。To my shock/amazement, he was not only involved in a variety of extracurricular activities but also had applied for a part-time job._Translation(3)Tr24. 牢牢记这一点：多遭遇一次失一点：多遭遇一次失败就是向成功更就是向成功更迈进了一步。了一步。Keep in mind that one more failure is one step closer to success.5. 5. 不要多想那些你无法控制的原因，因不要多想那些你无法控制的原因，因为这为这份工作并不完全适合你，而且你的机会也份工作并不完全适合你，而且你的机会也 很小很小。Dont dwell on the reasons that are out of your control, because this job doesnt entirely suit you and your chances are slim.6. 虽虽然你也然你也许许并不并不总总是希望听到是希望听到负负面的反面的反馈馈意意见见，但是无，但是无论论做什么，都不要破釜沉舟做什么，都不要破釜沉舟。Although you may not always like to hear negative feedback, whatever you do, dont burn your bridges._(3)GR1Grammar Review直接引直接引语和和间接引接引语 (Direct Speech and Indirect Speech) 我我们引用引用别人的人的话时，可以用，可以用别人的原人的原话，所引用的部分称，所引用的部分称为直接引直接引语，也可以用自己的，也可以用自己的话转述述别人的人的话，所，所转述的部分称述的部分称为间接引接引语。直接引。直接引语须放在引号内，放在引号内，间接引接引语不用引号，不用引号，用用宾语从句表达。直接引从句表达。直接引语转换成成间接引接引语时，人称、，人称、动词时态、指示代、指示代词、时间状状语、地点、地点状状语等一般都要作等一般都要作调整。整。 直接引直接引语转换成成间接引接引语时，要根据意，要根据意义改改变人称，如：人称，如：I he或或she；we they。 直接引直接引语转换成成间接引接引语时，谓语动词时态的的变化一般是：一般化一般是：一般现在在时一般一般过去去时；现在在进行行时过去去进行行时；现在完成在完成时过去完成去完成时；一般；一般过去去时过去完成去完成时；过去完成去完成时过去完成去完成时；一般将来；一般将来时过去将来去将来时；将来；将来进行行时过去将来去将来进行行时；将来完成；将来完成时过去将去将来完成来完成时。 指示代指示代词的的变化是：化是：this that或或the；these those；mine his或或hers。 时间状状语的的变化是：化是：now then；today that day；tomorrow the following day；yesterday afternoon the afternoon before; next day/week/year/etc. the next day/week/year/etc.; ago before。 地点状地点状语的的变化是：化是：here there。(3)GR2用用 法法 例例 句句1. 直接引直接引语是是陈述句述句变成成间 接接引引语时，间接引接引语常用常用that引引导(在口在口语中可省略中可省略)。She said, “Ill be back next week.” She said (that) shed be back the next week.He said, “I got my licence last Tuesday.” He said (that) hed got his licence the Tuesday before.2. 直直接接引引语语是是一一般般疑疑问问句句变变成成间间接接引引语语时时，引引述述动动词词常常用用ask, wonder, inquire等等，由由whether或或 if引引导导，词词序与一般从句相同序与一般从句相同。“Is she your sister?” he asked. He asked if she was my sister.He said to us, “Are you going away today?” He asked us whether we were going away that day.3. 直接引直接引语语是特殊疑是特殊疑问问句句变变成成间间接引接引语时语时，间间接引接引语须语须由疑由疑问词问词引引导导，词词序与一般从句相同序与一般从句相同。She asked me, “Whos the best player here?” She asked me who was the best player there. / She asked me who the best player there was.“When will she come?” he asked. He asked when he would come. (3)GR34. 直接引直接引语是是选择疑疑问句句变成成间接引接引语时，间接引接引语须由由whether or引引导。“Is your sister older or younger than you?” he asked me. He asked me whether my sister is older or younger than me. 5. 直接引直接引语是祈使句是祈使句变成成间接引接引语时，把整个句子改，把整个句子改为带复合复合宾语的的简单句，句，间接引接引语由由动词不不定式表达，引述定式表达，引述动词常用常用ask, tell, say, order, suggest等等。He said to us, “Do it now.” He asked us to do it then.He said to me, “Dont touch the exhibits(展品).” He asked me not to touch the exhibits.用用 法法 例例 句句6. 我我们们在在转转述意述意义义上是命令、要上是命令、要求和建求和建议议等的直接引等的直接引语时语时，常用，常用“主主语语+引述引述动词动词(如如：tell, ask, advice, beg, commend, warn等等) +宾语宾语(听者听者) +动词动词不定式不定式”结结构构。David asked Mary, “Do you think you could look after the children?” David asked Mary to look after the children.Bill said to Marie, “Please write to me every day.” Bill begged Marie to write to him every day.(3)GR5Change the following sentences from direct speech into the indirect speech.1. She always asked him, “How deep is your love for me?”She always asked him how deep his love for her was.2. He used sign language to tell her, “Ive spent a year learning sign language. I want you to know that Ive never forgotten our promise.”He used sign language to tell her that he had spent a year learning sign language and that he wanted her to know that he had never forgotten their promise.3. “Do not bring me an apple tomorrow,” I tell her.I told her not to bring me an apple the next day.4. Finally, I speak, “Look, Roma, I was separated from you once, and I dont ever want to be separated from you again. Now, I am free, and I want to be together with you forever, Dear, will you marry me?”Finally, I told Roma that I had been separated from her once, and I didnt ever want to be separated from her again, and I also told her that I was free, and I wanted to be together with her forever. I asked her if she would marry me.(3)5. “This tour took a lot out of me, and the stress level was much higher than it has been in the past,” Armstrong said.Armstrong said that tour had taken a lot out of him and the stress level was much higher than it had been in the past.6. “Why didnt you tell me earlier?” she asked me.She asked me why I hadnt told her earlier.7. “Its true, were losing,” she said.She admitted/confirmed that they were losing.8. “John left here an hour ago,” she said to me.She told me that John had left there an hour before.9. “I like your coat. Im looking for one like that myself,” she told me at the party.She told me at the party that she liked my coat and she was looking for one like it herself.10. “You should take the job, Jack,” he said.He said Jack should take the job./ He encouraged Jack to take the job.GR6(3)PW1Practical Writing A complaint letter requests some sort of compensation for defective or damaged merchandise or for inadequate or delayed services. While many complaints can be made in person, some circumstances require formal business letters. The complaint may be so complex that a phone call may not effectively resolve the problem; or the writer may prefer the permanence, formality, and seriousness of a business letter. The essential rule in writing a complaint letter is to maintain your poise and diplomacy, no matter how justified your gripe is. Avoid making the recipient an adversary.1. In the letter, identify early the reason you are writing to register a complaint and to ask for some kind of compensation. Avoid leaping into the details of the problem in the first sentence. 2. State exactly what compensation you desire, either before or after the discussion of the problem or the reasons for granting the compensation. (It may be more tactful and less antagonizing to delay this statement in some cases). Complaint Letters(3)PW23. Provide a fully detailed narrative or description of the problem. This is the “evidence.” 4. Explain why your request should be granted. Presenting the evidence is not enough: state the reasons why this evidence indicates your request should be granted. 5. Suggest why it is in the recipients best interest to grant your request: appeal to the recipients sense of fairness, desire for continued business, but dont threaten. Find some way to view the problem as an honest mistake. Dont imply that the recipient deliberately committed the error or that the company has no concern for the customer. Toward the end of the letter, express confidence that the recipient will grant your request.(3)PW3Read the following letter and answer the questions that follow.Dear Sir/Madam,I am writing to complain about a Walkman that I bought from your shop last week and also about the treatment I received from one of the staff there. When I got home, and took the Walkman out of its box, I was not very pleased to find that it had a scratch across the front. Later, the shop assistant I spoke to said it was my responsibility to check for scratches before leaving the shop. This would, however, have been impossible as the Walkman was in a plastic-covered box.A more serious problem is the fact that although your advertisement says the Walkman will run for ten hours on the same batteries, this is not the case. I had to change the batteries after only five hours of use. Once again the shop assistant was very uncooperative when I mentioned this and he told me that I should use the extremely expensive batteries you sell. (3)PW7I also pointed out that although the Walkman was supposed to be completely inaudible to those around me, I had noticed that people on the bus and train often looked at me. I am sure they were irritated by the noise. The shop assistant tried to convince me that I was not using the headphones properly.He finally agreed to exchange the faulty Walkman for another one as long as I could provide the receipt. When I explained that I had accidentally thrown it away, he refused to exchange the Walkman, which I think was very unfair since he knew very well that I had bought it in your shop. So, I am sure you will understand why I feel so annoyed and frustrated by the whole incident. I look forward to hearing from you in the very near future, either to offer me a complete refund or to exchange the original Walkman for one which is actually in decent working condition.Yours faithfully,Lu XiaojunLu Xiaojun(3)1. What did Lu find when he brought the Walkman home?2. Why did the people on the bus and train often look at him? 3.Why did the shop assistant refuse to exchange the Walkman?4.4. What is Lus request?He found that the Walkman had a scratch across the front.They were irritated by the noise.Because Lu couldnt provide the receipt.He asks the shop to offer him a complete refund or to exchange the original Walkman for one which is actually in decent working condition.PW8(3)PW10Write a complaint letter using the information provided below.假设你最近在一家商店购买了一架数码照相机假设你最近在一家商店购买了一架数码照相机(digital camera)。回到家里你发现照回到家里你发现照相机表面有划痕，而且在室内拍摄的照片色彩不自然相机表面有划痕，而且在室内拍摄的照片色彩不自然(the color of a picture taken indoors is abnormal)。糟糕的是你的发票丢失。你去商店要求调换或退货，营业员不糟糕的是你的发票丢失。你去商店要求调换或退货，营业员不予理睬。你特向商店经理投诉。予理睬。你特向商店经理投诉。Suggested Answer:(3)Dear Sir/Madam,I am writing to complain about a digital camera that I bought from your shop last month and also about the treatment I received from one of the staff there.When I got home, and took the camera out of its box, I was not very pleased to find that it had some scratches across the front. Later, the shop assistant I spoke to said it was my responsibility to check for scratches before leaving the shop. This would, however, have been impossible as the camera was in a plastic-covered box. A more serious problem is the fact that the color of pictures taken indoors is abnormal. Once again the shop assistant was very uncooperative when I mentioned this and told me that I wasnt operating the camera properly.Suggested Answer:(3)He finally agreed to exchange the faulty camera for another one as long as I could provide the receipt. When I explained that I had accidentally thrown it away, he refused to exchange the camera, which I think was very unfair since he knew very well that I had bought it in your shop.So, I am sure you will understand why I feel so annoyed and frustrated by the whole incident. I look forward to hearing from you in the very near future, either to offer me a complete refund or to exchange the original camera for one which is actually in decent working condition.Yours faithfully,Zhang LiZhang LiPW11(3)Text B Credit, Not CharityAuthor Unknown Great things are done by people who think great thoughts and then go out into the world to make their dreams come true. Earnest Holmes 1 The Grameen Bank began out of the pocket of one man, Dr. Mohammad Yunus. His story begins in 1972, the year after Bangladesh won its war of liberation from Pakistan. Dr. Yunus had recently completed his graduate studies at Vanderbilt University in the United States and was teaching at a college in Tennessee, when he was invited to take up the position of head of the economics department at Chittagong University in southeastern Bangladesh.TextB_P1?CHNN(3)Text B He arrived home full of the high hopes that followed independence. But to his surprise, the country was sliding downward very rapidly. By 1974, there was a terrible famine and people were dying in the streets. Dr. Yunus was teaching development economics and was becoming increasingly frustrated with theTextB_P2?CHdifference between what was described in the classroom and what was occurring in the real world. So he decided to learn economics the way the real world is, the economics that were real in peoples lives.N2(3)Text B Because Chittagong University is located among villages, Dr. Yunus was able to walk out of the campus into real Bangladesh. He began going to the villages and talking to the poor people, trying to discover why they couldnt change their lives or their living conditions. He did not approach them as a teacher or a researcher, but as a human being, a neighbor.One day he came across a woman who earned only two pennies a day by making bamboo stools. He couldnt believe how anyone could work so hard and make only two pennies a day. When he questioned her, he discovered that she didnt have enough money to buy the bamboo from the bamboo store, so she had to borrow money from a trader, the same trader who bought the final product. When the trader bought her stools, he offered her a price that barely covered her materials. In essence, her labor was almost free; she worked like a slave.TextB_P3?CHN34(3)Text B TextB_P4?CH“Well,” he thought, “this isnt difficult to solve.” If the money was available for her to buy her own bamboo, she could sell the product wherever she could get a good price. Dr. Yunus and a student went around the village for several days to find out if there were other people like her who were borrowing from traders and missing out on what they should earn. In a weeks time, they came up with a list of 42 such people. The total amount needed by all 42 of them was $30.His first solution was to take the $30 out of his pocket. He asked the student to distribute the money to them as loans. But then he saw that this was not a real solution because when other villagers needed money, they wouldnt come to him, since he was a teacher at the university. He was not in the money business. Thats when he thought of a bank.N56(3)He approached a bank manager, who thought it too funny an idea even to talk about. Loans of that amount werent even worth the paperwork, he said, plus the poor people didnt have any collateral. Dr. Yunus went from bank to bank, receiving the same response. Finally he challenged the bank by offering himself as guarantor. After six months, they reluctantly agreed to a $300 loan.He loaned the money and it was paid back. Again, he asked the bank to loan the money directly, and again they declined, saying it would never work in more than one village. Dr. Yunus persevered. He loaned money over several villages. It worked, but the bankers still werent satisfied. So he finally loaned money over a whole district. And still it worked, and still the bankers were not persuaded.Finally Dr. Yunus said, “Why am I running after these bankers? Why dont I set up my own bank and just settle this issue?” So in 1983, the government gave him permission to set up a bank, and this bank is now called Grameen Bank. It lends money only to the poorest people in Bangladesh landless, assetless people.Text B TextB_P5?CHN789(3)TextB_P6Today, Grameen Bank has 1,048 branches and over 2 million borrowers. They work in 35,000 villages. The bank has disbursed over a billion dollars, the average loan being about $150. The bank not only lends money to the poor people, it is owned by the poor people. The people that are lent money become shareholders in the bank. Out of the 2 million borrowers, 90 percent are women, something previously unheard of in Bangladesh.The bank has been emulated around the world. Dr. Yunus stresses that at every point of the way, he was told that it could not be done and that there were very compelling reasons why it could not be done. But the reality of the situation is that it is being done, and in brilliant and unexpected ways. (793 words) (Excerpted from a speech by and radio interview with Mohammad Yunus)Text B ?CHNN1011(3)13) What is special about the Grameen bank? The bank not only lends money to the poor people, it is also owned by the poor people, and 90 percent of the borrowers are women. TextB-Q(3)Chinese Version 如如今今，格格拉拉敏敏银银行行拥拥有有10481048个个分分支支机机构构和和200200多多万万贷贷款款人人，覆覆盖盖了了3500035000个个村村庄庄。银银行行已已支支出出的的贷贷款款总总额额超超过过1010亿亿美美元元，平平均均每每笔笔贷贷款款约约为为150150美美元元。这这家家银银行行不不仅仅借借钱钱给给穷穷人人，而而且且它它也也为为穷穷人人所所拥拥有有。贷贷款款者者同同时时变变成成了了银银行行的的股股东东。在在200200万万个个贷贷款人中，款人中，90%90%是是妇妇女。女。这这在孟加拉国的在孟加拉国的历历史上是前所未史上是前所未闻闻的。的。 格格拉拉敏敏银银行行的的做做法法已已在在世世界界各各地地被被仿仿效效。尤尤纳纳斯斯博博士士强强调调指指出出，在在前前进进的的每每一一步步上上都都有有人人告告诉诉他他，这这事事不不可可能能做做，而而且且有有令令人人信信服服的的理理由由。但但现现实实情情况况是是，这这事事已已经这样经这样做了，而且做得非常成功，出乎大家的意料做了，而且做得非常成功，出乎大家的意料。TextB-T(3)Language Points Chittagong / F/ University 奇特冈大学奇特冈大学TextB- Chittagong (3)Language Points Tennessee /i/ 田纳西州田纳西州(美国州名美国州名)TextB- Tennessee (3)Language Points Vanderbilt / vdb/ University 范德比尔特大学范德比尔特大学(男女合校私立大学，男女合校私立大学，1875年由铁路大王年由铁路大王Cornelius Vanderbilt 创办于田创办于田 纳西州纳什维尔纳西州纳什维尔)TextB- Vanderbilt (3)Language Points Pakistan /BkB/ 巴基斯坦巴基斯坦(南亚国家南亚国家)TextB- Pakistan (3)Language Points Bangladesh /bBdF/ 孟加拉国孟加拉国(南亚国家南亚国家)TextB- Bangladesh (3)Language Points Mohammad Yunus /hd juns/ 穆罕默德穆罕默德尤纳斯尤纳斯TextB- Mohammad (3)Language Points Grameen / / Bank 格拉敏银行格拉敏银行TextB- Grameen (3)Language Points Earnest Holmes / h/ 厄内斯特厄内斯特霍姆斯霍姆斯TextB- Earnest Holmes (3)Language Points guarantor /: n. person who gives a guarantee 保证人；担保人保证人；担保人TextB- guarantor (3)Language Points collateral /k/: n. property pledged as a guarantee for the repayment of a loan 抵押物；担保品抵押物；担保品 TextB- collateral(3) stool /: n. seat without a back or arms 凳子，凳凳子，凳Language Points TextB- stool (3) economics /kk/ n. scientific study of the production, sharing out and use of wealth, etc. 经济学经济学Language Points TextB- economics (3)extB_credit credit / kd/: n. belief that sb. is able to pay; very favorable reputation or trustworthiness 信用；信誉；声望信用；信誉；声望Language Points e.g. You should have no trouble getting the loan if your credit is good.He is a man of high credit.如果你信誉良好，要取得这笔贷款是没什么问题的。如果你信誉良好，要取得这笔贷款是没什么问题的。T他是一个极有信誉的人。他是一个极有信誉的人。T(3) charity / F/ : n. kindness towards others; giving money, food, help, etc. to the needy; organization for helping the needy 慈善；施舍；慈善团体慈善；施舍；慈善团体TextB_P2_LP_ ph.dLanguage Points e.g. The Red Cross is an international charity.She helped him out of charity.红十字会是个国际性慈善机构。红十字会是个国际性慈善机构。T她帮助他是出于恻隐之心。她帮助他是出于恻隐之心。T(3)come true: (of a hope, prediction, etc.) really happen; become fact ( (希望、预言等希望、预言等) )实现；成为事实实现；成为事实 Language Points TextB_P2_LP_Nazie.g. My childhood dreams have at last come true.People say that if you make a wish at the top of the hill, it always comes true.我童年时代的梦想终于实现了。我童年时代的梦想终于实现了。T人们说如果你在山顶上许个愿，你的愿望就会成真。人们说如果你在山顶上许个愿，你的愿望就会成真。T(3)His story begins in 1972, the year after Bangladesh won its war of liberation fromPakistan. 他的故事开始于他的故事开始于19721972年。当时，孟加拉国刚赢得独立战争的胜利，摆脱了巴基斯坦的统治。年。当时，孟加拉国刚赢得独立战争的胜利，摆脱了巴基斯坦的统治。In this sentence, “the year after Bangladesh won its war of liberation from Pakistan” serves as an appositive, which further explains “1972.” There are similar examples in paragraph 2 “So he decided to learn economics the way the real world is, the economics that were real in peoples lives” and in paragraph 4 “ she had to borrow money from a trader, the same trader who bought the final product.”本句中, the year after Bangladesh won its war of liberation from Pakistan作1972的同位语，的同位语，起解释说明的作用。本文中同样的例子还有第二段中的起解释说明的作用。本文中同样的例子还有第二段中的So he decided to learn economics the way the real world is, the economics that were real in peoples lives和第四段中的和第四段中的 she had to borrow money from a trader, the same trader who bought the final product。Language Points TextB_P2_LP_camp(3) liberation /bF/ n. liberating or being liberated 解放解放Language Points TextB_P2_LP_jewThe industry of the country has developed greatly since liberation.She devoted herself to womens liberation.自从解放以来，那个国家的工业得到了巨大的发展。自从解放以来，那个国家的工业得到了巨大的发展。T她投身于妇女解放运动。她投身于妇女解放运动。T(3)Language Points TextB_P2_LP_ bitter was teaching at a college in Tennessee, when he was invited to take up the position of head of the economics department at Chittagong University in southeastern Bangladesh. 正正在在田田纳纳西西州州的的一一所所大大学学任任教教。他他受受到到邀邀请请，要要他他担担任任孟孟加加拉拉国国东东南南部部奇奇特特冈冈大大学学的经济系系主任一职。的经济系系主任一职。In this sentence, the adverbial clause of time introduced by “when” is used to indicate that something occurs during the time a continuous action is going on. 本本句句中中的的when引引导导的的时时间间状状语语从从句句表表示示在在一一个个延延续续性性的的动动作作正正在在进进行行的的过过程程中中，发发生了另外一件事。生了另外一件事。又如：又如：I was watching TV when someone knocked at the door. 我正在看电视，突然有人敲门。我正在看电视，突然有人敲门。T(3)Language Points TextB_P4_LP_ shiver take up: start or begin (sth., esp. a job) 开始从事，开始担当开始从事，开始担当 e.g. Roger took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest. The headteacher takes up her duties in August.罗杰学了一阵子绘画，但不久就没有兴趣了。罗杰学了一阵子绘画，但不久就没有兴趣了。T这位班主任这位班主任8月份开始上任。月份开始上任。T(3)Language Points TextB_P4_LP_ rag department /dB/: n. each of several divisions of a government, business, shop, university, etc. ( (政府、企业、商店等的政府、企业、商店等的) )部，司，局，处；部门部，司，局，处；部门； ( (大学的大学的) )系系e.g. He worked for the personnel department. I once studied in the English department of that university.他在人事部门工作。他在人事部门工作。T我曾经在那所大学的英语系学习过。我曾经在那所大学的英语系学习过。T(3)TextB_P4_LP_ disbelief eastern / i/ a. of, belonging to, the east of a place 东方的，东部东方的，东部的的e.g. In the eastern part of the United States, summer temperatures are very different from winter temperatures.We live in the Eastern Hemisphere. 在美国东部在美国东部,夏天的温度和冬天的温度很不相同。夏天的温度和冬天的温度很不相同。T我们生活在东半球。我们生活在东半球。TLanguage Points (3)TextB_P5_LP_ I should independence /dd/ n. state of being independent 独立；自主独立；自主e.g. This country gained its independence in 1960. When a boy leaves college and begins to earn money, he can live a life of independence.这个国家在这个国家在1960年获得独立。年获得独立。T男孩子大学毕业开始赚钱时，便可独立生活了。男孩子大学毕业开始赚钱时，便可独立生活了。TLanguage Points (3)1) Who set up the Grameen Bank? Dr. Mohammad Yunus.TextB_P1_Questions2) What happened to him when he was teaching at a college in Tennessee? He was invited to take up the position of head of the economics department at a college in Bangladesh.(3)TextB_P3_Questions9) What did he do then?He thought of a bank and approached a bank manager.10) What did the bank manager think of his idea? What were his reasons?The bank manager thought it too funny an idea even to talk about because loans of that amount arent even worth the paperwork and the poor people dont have any collateral.11) How did Dr. Yunus manage to get a loan from the bank?He got a loan from the bank by offering himself as a guarantor.12) Why did Dr. Yunus finally think of setting up his own bank?Because even though all the loans were paid back in the entire district, the bankers still refused to loan the money to the poor people directly.(3)Chinese VersionTextB_P1_Chinese要信贷，而不要施舍要信贷，而不要施舍 佚名佚名 格格拉拉敏敏银银行行是是由由一一个个人人的的腰腰包包建建立立起起来来的的，此此人人就就是是穆穆罕罕默默德德 尤尤纳纳斯斯博博士士。他他的的故故事事开开始始于于19721972年年。一一年年前前，孟孟加加拉拉国国赢赢得得了了解解放放战战争争的的胜胜利利，摆摆脱脱了了巴巴基基斯斯坦坦的的统统治治，而而尤尤纳纳斯斯博博士士也也刚刚刚刚完完成成了了在在美美国国范范德德比比尔尔特特大大学学的的研研究究生生学学业业，正正在在田田纳纳西西州州的的一一所所大大学学任任教教。他他受受到到邀邀请请，要要他他担担任任孟孟加加拉拉国国东东南南部部奇奇特特冈冈大大学学的的经经济济系系系系主主任一任一职职。(3)TextB_P3_ChineseChinese Version 尤尤纳纳斯博士找到一位斯博士找到一位银银行行经经理。但理。但这这位位经经理却理却认为认为他的想法他的想法过过于荒唐，根本不屑于一于荒唐，根本不屑于一谈谈。因因为为如此小如此小额额的的贷贷款甚至款甚至连连立文立文书书都不都不值值得，更何况那些得，更何况那些穷穷人根本就没什么抵押品。尤人根本就没什么抵押品。尤纳纳斯斯博士走博士走访访了一家又一家了一家又一家银银行，得到的都是同行，得到的都是同样样的回答。最后，他向的回答。最后，他向银银行提出由他自己做担保行提出由他自己做担保人。人。6 6个月后，个月后，银银行才勉行才勉强强同意提供同意提供300300美元的美元的贷贷款。款。 他把他把这这笔笔钱贷钱贷了出去，然后又收了回来。他再次了出去，然后又收了回来。他再次请请求求银银行直接行直接发发放放贷贷款款时时，再一次遭到，再一次遭到了拒了拒绝绝。银银行行认为这认为这种做法在其他村子里根本行不通。尤种做法在其他村子里根本行不通。尤纳纳斯博士却斯博士却坚坚持了下去。他把持了下去。他把钱贷钱贷给给了好几个村子里的村民。了好几个村子里的村民。这办这办法成功了，但那些法成功了，但那些银银行家仍然不行家仍然不满满意。最后他在整个地区意。最后他在整个地区发发放放贷贷款，仍然取得了成功。但款，仍然取得了成功。但银银行家行家们们仍未被仍未被说说服。服。 最后，尤最后，尤纳纳斯博士想，斯博士想，“为为什么非要求助于什么非要求助于这这些些银银行家呢？行家呢？为为什么我不能开什么我不能开办办自己的自己的银银行来解决行来解决这这个个问题问题呢？呢？”于是，于是，19831983年，在政府的年，在政府的许许可下，尤可下，尤纳纳斯博士开斯博士开办办了一家了一家银银行，行，这这就是就是现现在的格拉敏在的格拉敏银银行。行。这这家家银银行只把行只把钱钱借借给给孟加拉国最孟加拉国最穷穷的人的人那些没有土地也没有那些没有土地也没有财财产产的人。的人。(3)Language Points to sb.s surprise: causing sb. to feel surprise 令某人惊奇的是令某人惊奇的是TextB_P1_LP_ no longer e.g. To everyones surprise, they got married.Much to his surprise she gave him her phone number. 使每个人都感到惊讶的是，他们竟然结婚了。使每个人都感到惊讶的是，他们竟然结婚了。大大出乎他的意外的是，她竟然把电话号码给了他。大大出乎他的意外的是，她竟然把电话号码给了他。TT(3)Language Points TextB_P1_LP_ from day to day downward / danwd/: ad. towards a lower position or level 向下地向下地e.g. The small boat floated downward.小船向下漂流。小船向下漂流。T(3)Language Points famine / fmn/: n. (occasion of) great lack of food in an area 饥荒饥荒TextB_P1_LP_ chamber e.g. Many people die of famine every year. The four-year drought has caused widespread famine across the country.每年有很多人死于饥荒。每年有很多人死于饥荒。持续持续4年的旱灾在这个国家引起了大范围的饥荒。年的旱灾在这个国家引起了大范围的饥荒。TT(3)Language Points was becoming increasingly frustrated with the difference between what was described in the classroom and what was occurring in the real world. 课堂上所描述的情况与现实世界正在发生的情况之间的巨大差距，使他变得越来课堂上所描述的情况与现实世界正在发生的情况之间的巨大差距，使他变得越来越沮丧。越沮丧。In this sentence, two subordinating clauses introduced by “what” serve as the object of the preposition “between.” 本句中，介词本句中，介词between的宾语是的宾语是what引引导的两个从句导的两个从句。TextB_P1_LP_ back and forth(3)Language Points TextB_P1_LP_ next to increasingly /ki/: ad. more and more 越来越多地越来越多地e.g. Things are getting increasingly complicated.It was becoming increasingly difficult to live on such low wages.事情变得越来越复杂了。事情变得越来越复杂了。T靠这么低的工资生活变得越来越艰难了。靠这么低的工资生活变得越来越艰难了。T(3)Language Points TextB_P1_LP_ barb occur /k/: (occurred; occurring) vi. happen 发生发生e.g. The accident occurred at five oclock in the afternoon.The disease occurs mainly in children, but can also occur in adults.事故发生在下午事故发生在下午5点钟。点钟。T这种疾病主要发生在孩子们身上，但也会发生在大人身上。这种疾病主要发生在孩子们身上，但也会发生在大人身上。T(3)Language Points locate /k/: vt. often passive establish (sth.) in a place; situate 常用被动语态把常用被动语态把设置在；使设置在；使坐落于坐落于TextB_P1_LP_ wiree.g. The new building will be located in the center of town. The new hospital is to be located near your college.Their factory is located at the foot of the mountain. 这座大楼将建在市中心。这座大楼将建在市中心。T这家新医院将建在你们学院附近。这家新医院将建在你们学院附近。T 他们的工厂坐落在山脚下。他们的工厂坐落在山脚下。T(3)Language Points TextB_P1_LP_ fence neighbor / b/: n. person living next to or near another; country next to another country 邻居；邻国邻居；邻国e.g. My next-door neighbor is a university professor.Japan is our neighbor. 我的隔壁邻居是位大学教授。我的隔壁邻居是位大学教授。T日本是我们的邻国。日本是我们的邻国。T(3)3) What was happening in the country after he arrived home?The country was sliding down very rapidly and by 1974 there was a terrible famine and people were dying in the streets.TextB_P2_Questions4) What did he feel about the difference between economic theory and reality and what did he decide to do?He felt increasingly frustrated and decided to learn the economics of peoples real lives.(3)Chinese VersionTextB_P2_Chinese 他满怀着对独立之后的憧憬回国了。然而，令他惊讶的是，国家的状况正在迅速下滑。他满怀着对独立之后的憧憬回国了。然而，令他惊讶的是，国家的状况正在迅速下滑。到了到了1974年，发生了可怕的饥荒，不少人暴尸街头。当时，尤纳斯博士正在教授发展经济年，发生了可怕的饥荒，不少人暴尸街头。当时，尤纳斯博士正在教授发展经济学，课堂上所描述的情况与现实世界正在发生的情况之间的巨大差距，使他变得越来越沮学，课堂上所描述的情况与现实世界正在发生的情况之间的巨大差距，使他变得越来越沮丧。因此，他决定按照现实世界的实际情况来研究经济学，即在人们的生活中真实存在的丧。因此，他决定按照现实世界的实际情况来研究经济学，即在人们的生活中真实存在的经济学。经济学。(3)Language Points come across: meet or find, esp. unexpectedly or by chance ( (偶然偶然) )遇见遇见( (或发现或发现) ) TextB_P2_LP_ marital e.g. Weve just come across an old friend we havent seen for ages.Ive never come across anyone quite like her before.我们刚碰到一位多年不见的老朋友。我们刚碰到一位多年不见的老朋友。我过去从未遇到过像她那样的人。我过去从未遇到过像她那样的人。TT(3)Language Points bamboo /bb/ : n. tall plant with hard hollow jointed stems that are used for making canes, furniture, etc. 竹竹, ,竹子竹子 TextB_P2_LP_ status Pandas like to eat bamboo. 熊猫喜欢吃竹子。熊猫喜欢吃竹子。Te.g. (3)Language Points trader / d/ n. person who trades, merchant 商人商人TextB_P2_LP_ edible e.g. He is a wholesale trader. a trader in tea他是个批发商。他是个批发商。茶商茶商TT(3)TextB_P2_LP_ She stops and looks at me When the trader bought her stools, he offered her a price that barely covered her materials. 而商人购买她的竹凳所出的价钱刚够她买材料。而商人购买她的竹凳所出的价钱刚够她买材料。In this sentence, “cover” means “(a sum of money) is enough to pay for sth.” 本句中本句中cover表示表示“足以支付足以支付的花费的花费”。Language Points 例如：例如：The award should be enough to cover her tuition.这笔奖金足以支付她的学费了。这笔奖金足以支付她的学费了。T(3)TextB_P2_LP_ figure out essence / / n. that which makes a thing what it is; most important or indispensable quality of sth. 本质本质, ,实质实质; ;要素要素Language Points e.g. Goodness is the essence of that mans character. The essence of his religious teaching is love for all men.善良是那人性格的本质。善良是那人性格的本质。他宣扬的宗教教义要旨是爱所有的人。他宣扬的宗教教义要旨是爱所有的人。TT in essence: fundamentally; essentially 基本上；本质上，实质上基本上；本质上，实质上e.g. The two things are the same in outward form but different in essence. 那两样东西在外表上相同，但在本质上不同。那两样东西在外表上相同，但在本质上不同。T(3)TextB_P2_LP_ pull out: Language Points labor / b/: n. physical or mental work ( (体力或脑力体力或脑力) )劳动劳动e.g. Because of regular physical labor, he has a strong body. 由于经常的体力劳动，他拥有强壮的体魄。由于经常的体力劳动，他拥有强壮的体魄。T(3)TextB_P2_LP_ odd solve /v/: vt. find an answer to (a problem, etc.) 解决解决( (问题等问题等) ) e.g. Please help me to solve my troubles.solve a problem/puzzle请帮助我解决我的困难。请帮助我解决我的困难。T解决问题解决问题/疑惑疑惑TLanguage Points (3)available /vb/ : a. (of things) that can be used or obtained; (of people) free to be seen, talked to, etc. ( (物物) )可利用的；可获得的；可利用的；可获得的；( (人人) )有暇的；可会见的，可与之交谈的有暇的；可会见的，可与之交谈的 TextB_P2_LP_ cautiously e.g. Im sorry, those shoes are not available in your size. The lawyer is not available now.对不起，这种鞋没有你要的尺码。对不起，这种鞋没有你要的尺码。T律师现在没空。律师现在没空。TLanguage Points (3)TextB_P2_LP_ triumph she could sell the product wherever she could get a good price. 那么谁出的价钱高，她就可以把产品卖给谁。那么谁出的价钱高，她就可以把产品卖给谁。In this sentence, the conjunction “wherever” introduces an adverbial clause of place, meaning “at any place, position, or situation”. In this case, “wherever” is the emphatic form of “where” and carries more force. 本本句句中中wherever引引导导一一个个地地点状语从句，表示点状语从句，表示“在任何在任何的地方的地方”，比，比where在语气上更为强烈。在语气上更为强烈。Language Points 又如：又如：Sit wherever you like. 你想坐哪儿就坐哪儿。你想坐哪儿就坐哪儿。T(3)5) What was Dr. Yunus trying to discover about the poor people?He was trying to discover why they couldnt change their lives or their living conditions.TextB_P3_Questions6) Why did the woman earn only two pennies a day by making bamboo stools?Because she didnt have enough money to buy the bamboo from the bamboo store, so she had to borrow money from a trader who bought her final product at a very low price.(3)Chinese VersionTextB_P3_Chinese 由由于于奇奇特特冈冈大大学学坐坐落落在在乡乡村村之之间间，所所以以尤尤纳纳斯斯博博士士能能够够走走出出校校园园，走走进进孟孟加加拉拉国国的的现现实实社社会会。他他开开始始走走访访村村落落，跟跟穷穷人人们们交交谈谈，试试图图发发现现他他们们为为什什么么不不能能改改变变自自己己的的生生活活状状况况或或生生活活条条件件。他他不不是是作作为为一一名名教教师师或或研研究究员员去去接接近近他他们们，而而是是作作为为一一个个普普通通的的人人和和邻居去与他们交谈。邻居去与他们交谈。 有有一一天天，他他遇遇到到了了一一个个靠靠做做竹竹凳凳每每天天只只赚赚两两分分钱钱的的妇妇女女。一一个个人人干干活活这这么么辛辛苦苦而而每每天天只只能能赚赚两两分分钱钱，这这让让人人怎怎么么也也无无法法相相信信。经经过过询询问问，他他才才发发现现，原原来来是是因因为为她她没没有有钱钱从从竹竹子子店店里里买买竹竹子子，所所以以只只能能向向商商人人借借钱钱，然然后后再再将将制制成成品品卖卖给给同同一一个个商商人人。而而商商人人购购买买她她的的竹竹凳凳所所出出的的价价钱钱刚刚够够她她买买材材料料。从从根根本本上上说说，她她的的劳劳动动几几乎乎是是无无偿偿的的，她她就就像像奴奴隶一样地干活。隶一样地干活。(3) wherever /hwv/: conj. in any place, regardless of where 无论在哪里无论在哪里TextB_P3_LP_ freeze e.g. Wherever you go, I go too.Wherever you work, you must serve the people whole heartedly.无论你去什么地方，我都去。无论你去什么地方，我都去。不论你在哪里工作不论你在哪里工作, 你都必须全心全意地为人民服务。你都必须全心全意地为人民服务。TTLanguage Points (3)TextB_P3_LP_ glance upgo around: move from one place to another in 在在里到处走来走去；走遍里到处走来走去；走遍e.g. The scientist went around the whole country looking for the plant. 科学家走遍全国寻找这种植物。科学家走遍全国寻找这种植物。TLanguage Points (3) miss out on: fail to grasp; lose an/the opportunity for 未抓住；未抓住；错过错过；丢丢掉掉的机会的机会TextB_P3_LP_ in timee.g. He missed out on a college education.She missed out on getting a promotion.他失去了上大学的机会。他失去了上大学的机会。T她未能得到提升。她未能得到提升。TLanguage Points (3)come up with: produce; supply; think of 拿出；提供；想出拿出；提供；想出 TextB_P3_LP_ cannot help oneselfe.g. The doctors came up with a cure for the disease. Weve been asked to come up with some new plans.医生想出了治疗这种疾病的方法。医生想出了治疗这种疾病的方法。我们被要求提供一些新的计划。我们被要求提供一些新的计划。TTLanguage Points (3)TextB_P3_LP_ crazy distribute /dbj/: vt. separate (sth.) into parts and give a share to each personor thing 分发分发; ;分配分配e.g. The teacher distributed new books among/to the students.The students distributed leaflets on the street.老师把新书发给学生老师把新书发给学生。T学生们在街上散发传单。学生们在街上散发传单。TLanguage Points (3)TextB_P3_LP_ cling Language Points who thought it too funny an idea even to talk about. 但但这位位经理却理却认为他的想法他的想法过于荒唐，根本不屑于一于荒唐，根本不屑于一谈。The sentence has an extended form of “too to” structure, that is, “too + adjective/adverb（+a.+noun.）+ infinitive.” The structure, which expresses a negation, can only be used with the singular form of countable nouns. 本本句句中中有有一一个个too to结构构的的扩充充形形式式，即即 “too + 形形容容词 / 副副词（ + a + 名名词 ）+ 不不定定式式”，表示否定意表示否定意义。又如：又如：She is too intelligent a girl to be cheated. 这女孩非常聪明，不会受骗。这女孩非常聪明，不会受骗。这个结构只能用于可数名词的单数形式。这个结构只能用于可数名词的单数形式。T(3)TextB_P3_LP_ tiny loan / 1. n. thing that is lent, esp. a sum of money 借款，贷款借款，贷款 e.g. I asked the bank for a loan. Does the loan carry any interest?domestic and foreign loansa loan on security我向银行请求贷款。我向银行请求贷款。TLanguage Points 这笔贷款是否带利息这笔贷款是否带利息? T内债和外债内债和外债T抵押贷款抵押贷款T 2. vt. lend (esp. money) 借出；贷与借出；贷与 e.g. The bank loaned me some money. 银行借给了我一些钱。银行借给了我一些钱。T(3)TextB_P3_LP_scrap reluctant /Qk/: a. unwilling; not very willing 不情愿的；勉强的不情愿的；勉强的 e.g. The child was reluctant to leave her mother.He forced a reluctant smile. 这个孩子不愿意离开她的妈妈。这个孩子不愿意离开她的妈妈。T他勉强挤出一丝微笑。他勉强挤出一丝微笑。TLanguage Points (3)TextB_P3_LP_ flingpay back: return (money that has been borrowed); return money to (sb. from whom it has been borrowed) 还还( (钱钱) )；把；把钱还给钱还给( (某人某人) ) e.g. Were going to pay back the loan over 15 years.He had to pay the money back to me by Friday.我们准备我们准备15年还清贷款。年还清贷款。T他星期五之前必须把钱还给我。他星期五之前必须把钱还给我。TLanguage Points (3)TextB_P3_LP_ twinklepersuade /wd/: vt. cause (sb.) to do sth. by arguing or reasoning with him or her; cause (sb.) to believe; convince 说服；使相信服；使相信 e.g. He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to. Who persuaded you to join this club?We persuaded Harry that he was wrong.尽管她不想去上学，他还是说服她去了。尽管她不想去上学，他还是说服她去了。T谁说服你参加这个俱乐部的谁说服你参加这个俱乐部的?TLanguage Points 我们使哈里相信他错了。我们使哈里相信他错了。T(3)TextB_P3_LP_ pity run after: chase; pursue 追逐；追求追逐；追求e.g. He likes running after younger women. The woman runs after every new fashion. 他喜欢追求年轻女性。他喜欢追求年轻女性。T这个女人总是赶时髦。这个女人总是赶时髦。TLanguage Points (3) 7) How could the womans problem be solved?If she had the money to buy her own bamboo, she could sell her product wherever she was offered a good price.TextB_P4_Questions 8) What was the first solution Dr. Yunus thought of and why was this not a real solution?His first solution was to take the money out of his own pocket but since he was not in the money business, other villagers wouldnt come to him when they needed money.(3)Chinese VersionTextB_P4_Chinese 尤纳斯博士想，尤纳斯博士想，“噢，这问题不难解决。噢，这问题不难解决。”如果这个妇女有钱自己购买竹子，那如果这个妇女有钱自己购买竹子，那么谁出的价钱高，她就可以把产品卖给谁。为了弄清楚是否还有其他人像她那样因从么谁出的价钱高，她就可以把产品卖给谁。为了弄清楚是否还有其他人像她那样因从商人那里借钱而赚不到他们本应该赚的钱，尤纳斯博士和一个学生花了好几天时间，商人那里借钱而赚不到他们本应该赚的钱，尤纳斯博士和一个学生花了好几天时间，走遍了整个村子。一周后，他们列出了一份走遍了整个村子。一周后，他们列出了一份4242人的名单。这人的名单。这4242个人需要的总数为个人需要的总数为3030美美元。元。 他的第一个解决办法是从自己的腰包里拿出这他的第一个解决办法是从自己的腰包里拿出这3030美元。他让学生将钱作为贷款分美元。他让学生将钱作为贷款分给这些人。但随后他就发现这不是一个真正的解决办法，因为当其他村民需要钱时，给这些人。但随后他就发现这不是一个真正的解决办法，因为当其他村民需要钱时，他们不会来找他，因为他是一位大学教师，而不是从事货币交易的。这时他想到了银他们不会来找他，因为他是一位大学教师，而不是从事货币交易的。这时他想到了银行。行。(3) permission /F/ : n. act of allowing sb. to do sth.; consent 允许，许可，准许允许，许可，准许TextB_P4_LP_emotione.g. You must ask permission if you want to leave early. The government has given him permission to set up a bank. 如果你想早走的话，必须得到允许。如果你想早走的话，必须得到允许。政府已经允许他开办银行。政府已经允许他开办银行。TTLanguage Points (3)TextB_P4_LP_ belly lend /d/: (lent, lent) vt. give or allow the use of (sth.) temporarily, on the understanding that it will be returned 把把借给；出借；贷借给；出借；贷Language Points e.g. Can you lend me that book for a few days? Some people neither borrow nor lend. 你能把那本书借给我几天吗？你能把那本书借给我几天吗？有的人不借也不贷。有的人不借也不贷。TT(3)TextB_P4_LP_ heaven branch /bBF/ n. part of a tree that grows from the trunk; local office or shop belonging to a large firm or organization 树枝；树枝；( (公司、机构等的公司、机构等的) )分部，分行，分号分部，分行，分号 e.g. The companys head office is in Nanjing, but it has branches all over the country. a branch of a river 这家公司的总部在南京，但它的分公司遍布全国各地。这家公司的总部在南京，但它的分公司遍布全国各地。河的支流河的支流TTLanguage Points (3)TextB_P4_LP_ stream The bank has disbursed over a billion dollars, the average loan being about $150. 银行已支出的贷款总额超过银行已支出的贷款总额超过1010亿美元，平均每笔贷款约为亿美元，平均每笔贷款约为150150美元。美元。The sentence has an absolute construction with “the average loan being about $150” as an explanation. An absolute construction is subordinated to the main clause but has its own logical subject (such as “the average loan”) and usually functions as an adverbial clause in a sentence.本本句句中中有有一一个个独独立立结结构构the average loan being about $150，起起解解释释说说明明的的作作用用。独独立立结结构构从从属属于于主主句句，但但带带有有自自己己的的主主语语，如如the average loan，通通常常在在句句子子中作状语中作状语。Language Points (3) disburse /db/: vt. pay out (money) 支付支付( (钱钱) )TextB_P4_LP_ sustaine.g. The government disbursed a large amount of money for education. The bank disbursed $2.5 billion in loans last year. 政府支付大笔资金搞教育。政府支付大笔资金搞教育。银行去年共支出贷款银行去年共支出贷款25亿美元。亿美元。TTLanguage Points (3) shareholder / Fhd/ n. owner of shares in a business 股东股东TextB_P4_LP_ terror e.g. As the biggest shareholder, he has the power to decide how the company should be developed. Shareholders have been told to expect an even smaller profit next year. 作为最大的股东，他有权利决定公司如何发展。作为最大的股东，他有权利决定公司如何发展。股东们被告知明年的利润更少。股东们被告知明年的利润更少。TTLanguage Points (3)TextB_P4_LP_ hopelessness Out of the 2 million borrowers, 90 percent are women, something previously unheard of in Bangladesh. 在在200万个贷款人中，万个贷款人中，90%是妇女。这在孟加拉国的历史上是前所未闻的。是妇女。这在孟加拉国的历史上是前所未闻的。In this sentence, “something,” modified by “previously unheard of in Bangladesh,” refers to what is described in the previous part of the sentence. The phrase expresses the speakers opinion on the fact that “Out of the 2 million borrowers, 90 percent are women.” 本句中本句中something指指代前面的整个句子中说的情况，代前面的整个句子中说的情况，previously unheard of in Bangladesh是后置形是后置形容词短语，修饰容词短语，修饰something。整个结构作评注性状语，表达了作者对这一情况的观。整个结构作评注性状语，表达了作者对这一情况的观点。点。Language Points (3)TextB_P4_LP_ But I still have the memory previous / iv/: a. coming before in time or order 以前的；先的，以前的；先的，前的前的 Language Points e.g. He has had no previous experience of this kind of job. His previous attempt was successful. 他从前没有做这种工作的经验。他从前没有做这种工作的经验。他以前的尝试是成功的。他以前的尝试是成功的。TT(3)Language Points emulate / j/: vt. imitate; copy 仿效；模仿仿效；模仿e.g. You should emulate your brothers example. Developing countries often try to emulate experiences of developed countries, but this is not always a good idea. 你应该仿效你哥哥的好榜样。你应该仿效你哥哥的好榜样。发展中国家常试图仿效发达国家的经验，但这并不总是个好主意。发展中国家常试图仿效发达国家的经验，但这并不总是个好主意。TTTextB_P4_LP_(3)Language Points stress /: 1. n. special emphasis or significance 强调；重要性强调；重要性 e.g. The minister put great stress on the importance of education. 部长着重强调了教育的重要性。部长着重强调了教育的重要性。T 2. vt. put stress or emphasis on 强调，着重强调，着重 e.g. She stressed the importance of a balanced diet.He stressed that we should be punctual. 她强调了膳食平衡的重要性。她强调了膳食平衡的重要性。T他强调说我们必须准时。他强调说我们必须准时。TTextB_P4_LP_(3)Language Points compelling /k/ a. that one must accept or agree with; convincing 必须接受（或同意）的；令人信服的必须接受（或同意）的；令人信服的 e.g. The old man gave us some compelling advice. The youth has compelling reasons for majoring in drama. 老人给我们提了一些令人信服的忠告。老人给我们提了一些令人信服的忠告。T这个年轻人有令人信服的理由主修戏剧。这个年轻人有令人信服的理由主修戏剧。TTextB_P4_LP_(3)Language Points brilliant / bj/ a. very bright; very intelligent; highly skilled or talented; outstanding, exceptional 光辉的，灿烂的；极聪明的；技艺光辉的，灿烂的；极聪明的；技艺 高超的；才华横溢的；杰出的，卓越的高超的；才华横溢的；杰出的，卓越的 e.g. After several hours consideration he found a brilliant solution to the problem. He is a brilliant scientist. 经过几个小时的考虑，他找到了一个极聪明的解决问题的办法。经过几个小时的考虑，他找到了一个极聪明的解决问题的办法。T他是一位才华横溢的科学家。他是一位才华横溢的科学家。TTextB_P4_LP_(3)Language Points unexpected /Qkkd/ a. causing surprise because not expected 未预料到的；意外的未预料到的；意外的e.g. Im afraid the unexpected accident may spoil the dinner tonight. Her death was totally unexpected. 恐怕这意外的事故会使今天的晚宴兴味索然。恐怕这意外的事故会使今天的晚宴兴味索然。T她的死完全出乎大家的意料。她的死完全出乎大家的意料。TTextB_P4_LP_(3)Exercises Answer the following questions. 1. Who set up the Grameen Bank? 2. What happened to him when he was teaching at a college in Tennessee? 3. What was happening in the country after he arrived home? 4. What did he feel about the difference between economic theory and reality and what did he decide to do? 5. What was Dr. Yunus trying to discover about the poor people? 6. Why did the woman earn only two pennies a day by making bamboo stools? 7. How could the womans problem be solved? 8. What was the first solution Dr. Yunus thought of and why was this not a real solution? 9. What did he do then?10. What did the bank manager think of his idea? What were his reasons?11. How did Dr. Yunus manage to get a loan from the bank?12. Why did Dr. Yunus finally think of setting up his own bank?13. What is special about the Grameen bank?TextB_Exc1(3)1. He doesnt know how to get along with others so he seems to make enemies he goes.2. After this accident, it will be difficult for the government to people that nuclear power stations are safe. 3. The experiment produced some results that challenged basic concepts.TextB_Exc2whereverFill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.occur locate solve available wherever distributereluctantly persuade lend permission brilliant unexpected _unexpected_persuade_4. Students will find life easier since a new shopping center is to be near the college. 5. The Red Cross has started food and medicine to villagers in the flood area.locateddistributing _(3)6. Although much has been achieved, it would be a mistake to believe that most of the problems have been .7. Further building can continue only when money is .8. The father consented to his daughters marriage to that poor young man.9. A lot of banks are unwilling to money to small businesses with limited funds.10. The army later gave for women, children under 18 and men over 60 to leave the fighting area next week.11. The court will have to decide exactly what on the night the banker died.12. The decision to reorganize the company proved to be a success.TextB_Exc3solved_available_reluctantly_lend_permission_occurred_brilliant _occur locate solve available wherever distributereluctantly persuade lend permission brilliant unexpected (3)1. After I had completed my graduate studies, I a teaching position in a university.2. She was so busy studying at the university that she all the fun.3. Instead of devoting himself to his studies, he wastes his time girls.4. , he decided to leave the job that he was doing so perfectly.5. Id always dreamt of owning my own house, but I never thought it would .6. The two things are the same in outward form but different .7. If you cannot an answer to the question in ten seconds, you are out of the game.8. According to an agreement with the bank we are the loan over 15 years.TextB_Exc4Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. come true take up to sb.s surprise in essencemiss out on come up withpay back run after missed out on _took up _running after _come up with _To my surprise_come true_in essence_paying back _(3)Text CtaxtC_p1Getting Rich Author Unknown 1 There are at least four ways to get rich: winning money, earning money, inheriting(继 承承 ) money, or stealing(偷 窃窃 ) money. By rich, we mean having enough money so you never have to work for money again, if you do not want to. Winning money seems easy, but it really is not, and it often does not make you really rich. There are several ways to win money: betting(打打赌) or gambling (赌博博), lotteries(彩彩票票), and contests. Many countries have lotteries in which it is possible to win enough money to become rich, and many people have become rich winning a lottery. But you would have to be very lucky to win a lottery because so many other people are also trying to win and your chances are very small, often one in many million.CH2(3)Text CtaxtC-1-Chinese生财之道 佚名佚名 发发财财致致富富至至少少有有四四种种途途径径：赢赢钱钱、赚赚钱钱、继继承承财财产产或或者者窃窃取取钱钱财财。所所谓谓有有钱钱，我我们指的是拥有的财富足够多，因而如果不想工作，大可不必为了钱而工作。们指的是拥有的财富足够多，因而如果不想工作，大可不必为了钱而工作。 赢赢钱钱看看起起来来容容易易，其其实实并并非非如如此此，而而且且往往往往并并不不能能使使你你真真正正地地致致富富。有有好好几几种种方方式式可可以以赢赢钱钱：打打赌赌或或赌赌博博， 购购买买彩彩票票，参参加加竞竞赛赛等等。许许多多国国家家设设有有彩彩票票，购购买买彩彩票票中中了了奖奖可可以以发发财财，而而且且不不少少人人确确实实由由此此发发了了财财。但但是是只只有有鸿鸿运运当当头头的的人人才才能能中中奖奖，因因为为购购买买彩彩票票的的人人数数非非常常之之多多，所所以以你你中中奖奖的的几几率率就就很很小小，通通常常只只有有几几百百万万分分之之一一的的可可能能性。性。(3)Text CtaxtC-p2Earning money is the hardest way to get rich because it means you have to work, and you usually have to work hard or be especially talented or lucky or both. People who work regular jobs, such as taxi drivers, do not get rich, even if they save all of their money. That is because they do not make enough money during their lifetimes to be able to save enough. They may have more money than their friends and co-workers, but they are not really rich.A few rich men and women have earned their money, usually by inventing something unusual or popular or by taking chances and being lucky. Sam Walton is one of the richest men in the United States. He is not from a rich family, and he had to deliver newspapers to pay his way through college. He started building small department stores that sold inexpensive(便便 宜宜 的的 ) items, and he quickly expanded them into a national chain(连锁店连锁店) of stores called Wal-Mart(沃尔玛沃尔玛).CH34(3)Text CtaxtC-p2-Chinese 通过赚钱来致富是最为辛苦的，因为这意味着你必须工作，而且往往必须非常努力通过赚钱来致富是最为辛苦的，因为这意味着你必须工作，而且往往必须非常努力地工作，或者要么才能出众要么福星高照，抑或两者兼备。每天按时上下班的人，如出地工作，或者要么才能出众要么福星高照，抑或两者兼备。每天按时上下班的人，如出租车司机，即使把所有的钱全部存起来也不会发财。这是因为他们这辈子赚的钱少，所租车司机，即使把所有的钱全部存起来也不会发财。这是因为他们这辈子赚的钱少，所以积蓄也不会太多。他们可能会比身边的朋友或同事有钱，但并不真正地富有。以积蓄也不会太多。他们可能会比身边的朋友或同事有钱，但并不真正地富有。 只有少数人赚到了很多钱。他们通常发明了某种不同寻常或广受欢迎的东西，或是只有少数人赚到了很多钱。他们通常发明了某种不同寻常或广受欢迎的东西，或是抓住了机会并足够幸运。美国富豪塞姆抓住了机会并足够幸运。美国富豪塞姆沃尔顿出身于平民家庭，他年轻时送过报纸，沃尔顿出身于平民家庭，他年轻时送过报纸，并以此赚钱读完大学。他的事业起步于出售廉价商品的小型百货商店，并很快发展为遍并以此赚钱读完大学。他的事业起步于出售廉价商品的小型百货商店，并很快发展为遍布全国的连锁店，这就是沃尔玛布全国的连锁店，这就是沃尔玛。 (3)Most of the really rich people in the world have inherited some or all of their money. Over one third of the richest people in the United States inherited their money from their parents or their spouses(配配偶偶). Other rich people are rich because of a combination of inheriting money and earning it. Some heads of government are rich because their countries and families are rich and they have used their money and their position to make more money. The richest person in the world is probably Sir Mudo Hassanal Bolkiah, the Sultan(苏苏丹丹) of Brunei(文文莱莱), a small country in Southeast Asia. Brunei gets almost all of its income(收收入入) from oil, and with a population(人人口口) of only about 200,000 people and a cash reserve(储储备备) of over $30 billion, each citizen(公公民民) of Brunei has a very high income.Text CtaxtC-3-ECH56(3)Text CtaxtC-3-Chinese 世界上绝大多数富人的财产部分或全部来自于继承。美国三分之一以上的富人从世界上绝大多数富人的财产部分或全部来自于继承。美国三分之一以上的富人从父母或配偶处继承了财产。其他富人的财富则既有继承所得，又有自己赚来的。有一父母或配偶处继承了财产。其他富人的财富则既有继承所得，又有自己赚来的。有一些政府首脑非常富有，因为他们的国家和家族都很富有，并且他们又利用金钱和地位些政府首脑非常富有，因为他们的国家和家族都很富有，并且他们又利用金钱和地位获取了更多的财富。获取了更多的财富。 世界上最富有的人也许是文莱苏丹穆图世界上最富有的人也许是文莱苏丹穆图哈桑纳尔哈桑纳尔博尔凯亚爵士。这个东南亚博尔凯亚爵士。这个东南亚小国的收入几乎全部来自于石油，人口约为小国的收入几乎全部来自于石油，人口约为2020万，现金储备超过万，现金储备超过300300万亿美元。每一个万亿美元。每一个文莱居民都有一份高收入。文莱居民都有一份高收入。(3)Text CtaxtC-4-ENo one knows for certain just how much money the Sultan has, but he did not inherit his money or earn his money, and he did not steal or win it. The Sultan is a special case, because he is a head of state, a ruler(统统治治者者). He is also the prime minister(总总理理，首首相相) and finance minister(财财政政部部长长). The combination of the wealth of the country and the power of the Sultan and his family have combined to make the Sultan the worlds wealthiest person. The Sultan, however, is a very shy and secretive(秘秘密密的的) person, and little is known about his private(私私人人的的) life or the exact amount of money he has.Some people try to get rich by stealing money. We do not know how many people become rich this way because successful criminals(罪罪犯犯) usually do not advertise(宣宣传传) the fact that they stole money and are now rich. They usually choose to live privately and quietly.CH78(3)Text CA group of men who tried to become rich by stealing money was the group who took part in the Great Train Robbery in England on August 6, 1963. About fifteen men took part in the robbery of a mail train(邮邮车车), and they got away with about $7 million in cash (2,631,684 British pounds). After they divided it, each man got about $460,000. Eventually all of the men were caught and put in jail, although much of the money they got was spent or lost.One of the men, Ronald Biggs, became famous because, although he was arrested for the crime(罪罪行行), he escaped from jail and ran away to Australia(澳澳大大利利亚亚). He lived there with his wife and children for four years until he was discovered. He then ran away to Brazil(巴巴西西), and the British police were not able to get him out of Brazil. Biggs never got to use much of the money he stole. Much of it he spent trying to get out of England, and the rest he left behind. After leaving England, he lived mostly on money that he earned from working at many different jobs, including house painting. For this famous criminal, trying to get rich by stealing money was not successful. (788 words)CHTextB_P4_LP_910(3)Text C 抱抱着着这这种种念念头头的的一一帮帮匪匪徒徒参参加加了了19631963年年8 8月月6 6日日发发生生在在英英国国的的火火车车大大劫劫案案。约约有有1515个个犯犯罪罪分分子子抢抢劫劫了了一一辆辆邮邮车车，掠掠夺夺了了约约700700万万美美元元的的现现金金( (合合26316842631684英英镑镑) )。经经过过分分赃赃，他他们们每每人人获获得得了了约约4646万万美美元元。虽虽然然大大部部分分钱钱财财都都被被挥挥霍霍或或遗遗失失了了，但但所所有有的的劫劫匪匪都都最最终被抓获并投入大牢。终被抓获并投入大牢。 其其中中有有一一个个名名叫叫罗罗纳纳德德 比比格格斯斯的的罪罪犯犯却却出出了了名名。因因为为尽尽管管他他因因那那次次犯犯罪罪而而被被逮逮捕捕，之之后后他他却却成成功功越越狱狱，逃逃到到了了澳澳大大利利亚亚。在在那那里里，他他和和妻妻子子和和孩孩子子们们共共同同度度过过了了四四年年。被被发发现现后后，他他又又逃逃到到了了巴巴西西，而而英英国国警警方方始始终终无无法法将将他他从从巴巴西西引引渡渡回回国国。那那次次偷偷来来的的钱钱，大大部部分分都都花花在在了了设设法法逃逃出出英英国国的的途途中中，其其余余的的他他也也没没能能带带走走。离离开开英英国国后后，他他主主要要靠靠打打工工为为生生，干干过过包包括括油油漆漆房房屋屋在在内内的的各各种种各各样样的的活活儿儿。对对于于这这个个名名噪噪一一时时的的罪罪犯犯而言，企图通过偷窃来发财，这条路走得并不成功。而言，企图通过偷窃来发财，这条路走得并不成功。 TextB_P4_LP_(3)Text CtaxtC-4-Chinese 没没有有人人确确切切地地知知道道文文莱莱苏苏丹丹拥拥有有多多少少财财富富，但但是是他他的的财财富富既既不不是是继继承承的的，也也不不是是自自己己赚赚的的，更更不不是是偷偷来来的的或或赢赢来来的的。苏苏丹丹的的情情况况比比较较特特殊殊，因因为为他他既既是是一一国国首首脑脑，一一位位统统治治者者，同同时时又又兼兼任任总总理理和和财财政政部部长长。国国家家的的财财富富与与苏苏丹丹及及其其家家族族的的力力量量合合在在一一起起，使使他他成成为为世世界界上上最最富富有有的的人人。然然而而，这这位位苏苏丹丹生生性性害害羞羞，不不喜喜欢欢抛抛头头露露面面，对对于于他他的的私生活和他的财富总额，外人知之甚少。私生活和他的财富总额，外人知之甚少。 一一些些人人企企图图通通过过偷偷窃窃钱钱财财致致富富。有有多多少少人人通通过过这这种种方方式式发发了了财财，具具体体数数字字我我们们不不得得而而知知，因因为为成成功功致致富富的的犯犯罪罪分分子子一一般般不不会会将将这这段段行行窃窃的的历历史史公公开开。他他们们通通常常会会选选择择避开公众的目光，过自己平静的生活。避开公众的目光，过自己平静的生活。(3)Choose the best answer for each of the following multiple choice questions.taxtC-Commprehension-cloose-1Among the four ways to get rich, which one is the hardest according to the writer? KEYA) Winning money. B) Earning money. C) Inheriting money. D) Stealing money. 1. Comprehension of the Text(3)taxtC-Commprehension-cloose-2 What does the writer say about winning money? KEYA)It is easy to get rich by winning money.B)B) Compared with betting, gambling and contests, the chances of wining a lottery are much smaller.C) Winning money often doesnt make people really rich.D) It is impossible to win enough money to become rich. 2. (3)taxtC-Commprehension-cloose-3According to the writer, which of the following is NOT necessary to earn enough money? KEYA) Working hard.B) Being especially talented.C) Being lucky.D) Saving all your money. 3. (3)taxtC-Commprehension-cloose-4The writer mentions Sam Walton to show that _. KEYA) it is important to work hard B) people from poor families also have a chance to get rich C) only a few people have earned enough money to become rich D) Wal-Mart developed from small department stores 4. (3)taxtC-Commprehension-cloose-5How did most of the rich people in the world get their money? KEYA) They used their power and position to make money. B) They earned their money by taking chances or being lucky. C) They are lucky enough to have won a lottery. D) They inherited their money from their parents or their spouses. 5. (3)taxtC-Commprehension-cloose-7 The Sultan of Brunei is probably the richest person in the world mainly because _. KEYA) he is the head of a rich country B) he inherited money from his powerful familyC) he got money from people of Brunei who have a very high I incomeD) he earned money by selling oil 6. (3) Which of the following is NOT true about the Great Train Robbery? KEYA) About fifteen men robbed a mail train in England. B) About $7 million in cash was lost.C) Eventually all the robbers were arrested.D) Much of the money was found and taken back. 7. taxtC-Commprehension-cloose-6(3) Ronald Biggs became famous because_. KEYA) he took part in the Great Train RobberyB) he escaped from jail and ran abroadC) the British police were not able to get him back to BritainD) he never got to use much of the money he stole 8. taxtC-Commprehension-cloose-8(3)Basic Reading SkillsSeparating Facts from OpinionstaxtC-Basic-1 作作为为读读者者，我我们们在在阅阅读读中中要要养养成成分分析析判判断断的的习习惯惯，要要注注意意分分清清作作者者所所写写的的是是客客观观事事实实(fact) 还还是是主主观观看看法法(opinion)，这这对对我我们们的的阅阅读读理理解解十十分分重重要要。事事实实陈陈述述的的是是真真正正发发生生过过的的事或客观存在的事物，通常都是有直接依据的；而看法则是对判断、信念、感情等的陈述。事或客观存在的事物，通常都是有直接依据的；而看法则是对判断、信念、感情等的陈述。 比如下面两句就是比如下面两句就是“事实事实”： Today, Grameen Bank has 1,048 branches and over 2 million borrowers. (Text B, Unit 6) The bank has disbursed over a billion dollars, the average loan being about $150. (Text B, Unit 6) 而下面的句子则是而下面的句子则是“看法看法”： By rich, we mean having enough money so you never have to work for money again, if you do not want to. (Text C, Unit 6) Winning money seems easy, but it really is not, and it often does not make you really rich. (Text C, Unit 6)(3) Earning money is the hardest way to get rich because it means you have to work, and you usually have to work hard or be especially talented or lucky or both. (Text C, Unit 6) 但是，有时分清作者所写的是客观事实还是主观看法并不是很容易的。作者认为是但是，有时分清作者所写的是客观事实还是主观看法并不是很容易的。作者认为是“事事实实”的可能并不被读者认同，当然读者自己的意见也会影响到自己对的可能并不被读者认同，当然读者自己的意见也会影响到自己对“事实事实”和和“看法看法”的的判断。如下面这句话中作者陈述的判断。如下面这句话中作者陈述的“事实事实”，你就不一定会同意：，你就不一定会同意： Going to college has always had its ups and downs, but today the “downs” of the college experience are more numerous and difficult, a fact that the schools are responding to with increased support services. (Text A, Unit 7)taxtC-Commprehension-cloose-6(3)1. She is an attractive, intelligent twenty-year-old college junior at a state university. (Text A, Unit 7)2. Suicide rates and self-inflicted injuries among college students are higher now than at any other time in history. (Text A, Unit 7)3. The suicide rate among college youth is 50 percent higher than among non-students of the same age. (Text A, Unit 7)4. College health officials believe that these reported problems represent only the tip of the iceberg. (Text A, Unit 7)5. There are three reasons why todays college students are suffering more than earlier generations. (Text B, Unit 7) Read the following sentences and decide which of them are facts and which are opinions. taxtC-choose1(3)6. Jerry was the kind of guy you love to hate. (Text A, Unit 1)7. Happiness is an attitude, the one attitude that most people strive for. Recent studies have shown that we can choose to have a happy attitude. (Text B, Unit 1)8. My wife, Tere, and I bought a new car in December. (Text C, Unit 1)9. I first learned of Clement Stone in 1977, when I attended Interlochen Arts Academy for my senior year of high school. (Text B, Unit 2)10. I truly believe our attitudes and moods are our choice and right now I choose to be happy. (Text C, Unit 1)taxtC-choose3Suggested Answers:(3)1. Opinion 2. Fact 3. Fact 4. Opinion 5. Opinion6. Opinion 7. Opinion 8. Fact 9. Fact 10. OpinionSuggested Answers: