Lesson 51Lesson 51Reward of virtueReward of virtue1My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. 2It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets! 3readandanswer1. Is Hugh fat or not? Has he gone on a diet or not?2.What did he hide under his desk when the writer visited him yesterday?3. Why did Hugh say that he had to reward himself occasionally?4New Wordsreward n.劳经 报酬；报答；酬谢vt. 劳经 奖励；奖赏reward for 因的酬谢；作为的回报 as a reward for 作为的报酬；作为的回报 reward system 奖赏系统；奖励系统 5rewardwith奖赏奖赏offerareward悬赏悬赏monetaryreward金钱奖赏；赏金金钱奖赏；赏金financialreward物质奖酬，奖金物质奖酬，奖金inrewardfor作为报答；作为作为报答；作为的报酬的报酬6当自己的英文表现不错时，给自己奖赏或当自己的英文表现不错时，给自己奖赏或好好吃一顿。好好吃一顿。Commandandrewardmodelworkersandadvancedworkers.表彰和奖励劳动模范和先进工作者。表彰和奖励劳动模范和先进工作者。IgivemyselfarewardortreatwhenIdowellinEnglish. 7virtue v:tju: n. 美德；优点；贞操；功效have the virtue of 具有的优点make a virtue of necessity 心甘情愿地做非做不可的事Virtue is its own reward. 谚语有德便是有报；为善最乐。8dietdaitn.饮食；食物；规定饮食饮食；食物；规定饮食vi.节食节食vt.医医照规定饮食照规定饮食过去式过去式dieted过去分词过去分词dieted现在分词现在分词dietingShehasdietedofffivepounds.她用节食减轻了五磅。她用节食减轻了五磅。Wemustdietandtakemoreexercise.我们必须节食并多锻炼。我们必须节食并多锻炼。Nodessertforme,thanks,Imdieting.请别给我甜食，我正在按规定进食。请别给我甜食，我正在按规定进食。9这些动物能够在其食物中加上生肉，能更有效这些动物能够在其食物中加上生肉，能更有效地对食物加工地对食物加工。Dietwasafirststep.控制饮食是第一步。控制饮食是第一步。Stresscoupledwithdietwilladdtostomachproblems.压力外加饮食将会导致胃部问题。压力外加饮食将会导致胃部问题。Thesecreaturescouldincorporaterawmeatintheirdietandprocessfoodmoreefficiently.10forbidvt.禁止；妨碍，阻止禁止；妨碍，阻止过去式过去式forbade或或-bad过去分词过去分词forbidden或或-bid现在分词现在分词forbiddingforbiddoing禁止干禁止干explicitlyforbid明令禁止明令禁止Godforbid上帝不容上帝不容strictlyforbid严禁严禁toforbidtheuseofchemicalfertilizers禁止使用化肥禁止使用化肥 11她不准她的孩子们吃糖。她不准她的孩子们吃糖。近义词近义词:ban,prohibit反义词反义词:permit,allow Itisforbiddentosmokeinthisroom.禁止在本室吸烟。禁止在本室吸烟。Iforbidyouthehouse.我不准你进入房子。我不准你进入房子。Sheforbadeherchildrensweets.12Hurriedlyadv.匆忙地；仓促地匆忙地；仓促地seizehurriedly被抱进被抱进;匆忙抓住匆忙抓住;突然拿起突然拿起hurried-hurriedly匆忙地匆忙地inahurry=hurriedly匆忙地匆忙地13embarrass embarrassvt.使窘使窘;妨碍妨碍;使窘迫使窘迫;使为难使为难embarrass(v)使尴尬使尴尬.使不好意思使不好意思 DontEmbarrassHer别使她难堪别使她难堪Dontembarrassme别让我尴尬别让我尴尬embarrasssb.inpublic当众使某人尴尬当众使某人尴尬14 guiltilyadv.内疚地；有罪地内疚地；有罪地guilt罪行罪行guiltily有罪地，内疚地有罪地，内疚地guiltiness有罪有罪.guiltier,guiltiest15strictstriktadj.严格的；绝对的；精确的；详细的严格的；绝对的；精确的；详细的比较级比较级stricter最高级最高级stricteststrictcontrol严格控制严格控制strictwith对对要求严格要求严格strictliability严格责任；严格赔偿责任严格责任；严格赔偿责任inthestrictsense严格说来严格说来bestrictin对对要求严格要求严格strictliability严格责任严格责任;严格责任赔偿严格责任赔偿strictinterpretation严格解释严格解释bestrictwith对对;对对严格严格strictscrutiny严格审查严格审查;严格审查标准严格审查标准16occasionallyadv. 偶而，间或sometimes , betweenwhiles now and then 偶尔，不时 .by occasion 偶然地 occasionally review 偶发性的回顾 17你。去溜冰了？你。去溜冰了？偶尔会去，和我的小侄女，但她比我有天赋得多。偶尔会去，和我的小侄女，但她比我有天赋得多。Hemakesmistakesoccasionally,butnotoften.他有时会出错，但不是时常出错。他有时会出错，但不是时常出错。Occasionally,thebookreadsmorelikeaninstructionmanualforstoppingIran.有时候，这本书读起来更像是如何阻止伊朗的指有时候，这本书读起来更像是如何阻止伊朗的指导手册。导手册。Soyou.ice-skate?Occasionally,withmyniece,ButshesmuchmoretalentedthanIam.18TextExplanation19YesterdayIpaidhimavisit.pay sb. a visit 拜访某人pay a visit to sb./someplace 拜访某人/某地.call on sb./at someplace20Heledmeintohisroomandhurriedlyhidalargeparcelunderhisdesk.lead sb. into进门show sb. out出门see sb. off送行21Hugh was still as fat as everas ever是状语从句 as he ever was22SpecialDifficulties23raise&riseraise是及物动词，后面一定要加宾语。 而rise是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语。rise可以表示太阳的升起；不仅如此，在美国英语中，常用rise表示起立或着起床。 raise 提起，使升高，引起，增加，筹款，召集，提出，养育。 如：raise ones hand 举手; raise crops 种庄稼 raise ones voice提高嗓音; raise funds 筹集资金; raise a question 提出问题; They raise the flag every morning 他们每天早上升旗. 2.rise 上升，升高，上涨，指有形的东西。如： The sun rises in the east. 24lay&lie1、一赖赖到底2、一躺全走样3、放蛋再累、也要坚持25第一句：一赖赖到底赖到底.第一个lie的意思就是撒谎,耍赖也是一种撒谎的形式,所以可以用赖赖记忆lie（撒谎）.紫色的字表示变形的原则.赖到底,就是从头道尾都是一个样子所以,lie作为撒谎的意思的时候,变成过去式和完成时所所用的规则就是规则变化,过去式和完成时都在后面加个d.26第二句：一躺全走样全走样当lie作为原型的时候,除了撒谎,还有躺的意思.lie作为躺来讲,原型、过去式、分词的形状基本就变的不成样子了.我们把这种程度的变化叫做走样.所以呢,这三个不同时态的词就分别是lie、lay、lain.27第三句：放蛋再累、也要坚持坚持最后一句,放-表示“放置”的意思,蛋-表示“下蛋”的意思. 这么两个字浓缩了lay的这两个含义.坚持,指的呢,是lay作为放、下蛋讲的时候,变形为过去式和完成时的时候比较“固执”过去式和完成时长的一个样子,都是laid.28