Theboy_diving.They_diving.BothJackandTim_diving.Allofthem_diving.NeitherJacknorTim_walking.isareareisareFinishthefollowingexercises.Subject-Verb Agreement主谓一致原则主谓一致原则Subject-VerbAgreement主谓一致是指句子的_与_在_和_上必须保持一致主谓一致的三个原则主谓一致的三个原则: 1. 语法一致 2. 意义一致 3. 就近原则谓语动词谓语动词主语主语人称人称数数一、语法一致一、语法一致主语为单数形式主语为单数形式,谓语动词也用谓语动词也用_形式形式;主语为复数形式主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用谓语动词也用_形式。形式。e.g.Ioftenhelphimandheoftenhelpsme.Weoftenhelpeachother.不可数名词不可数名词作主语作主语,谓语动词用谓语动词用_；可数名词的可数名词的复数复数形式作主语形式作主语,谓语动词谓语动词用用复数复数。单数单数复数复数单数单数MarysMary_adog.hasTomsMaryandTom_adog.have谓语的动词要与主语的人称和数一谓语的动词要与主语的人称和数一致。致。语法一致语法一致A young man and a girl want to go there. The singer and the writer are famous to many young people. BothJackandTim_diving.are语法一致语法一致由由andand连接的两个单数名词做主语连接的两个单数名词做主语时，谓动一般用时，谓动一般用_。复数复数Thesingeranddancer_onthestage.is语法一致语法一致The gift is used to have western meals.What is it?Aknifeandforkisusedtohavemeals.语法一致语法一致主谓一致主谓一致语法一致）由由and连接的并列主语，如连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人，同一事，同果主语是同一个人，同一事，同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，一概念时，谓语动词用单数，这时这时后面的名词没有冠词后面的名词没有冠词。 arehas内容一致/意义一致主谓一致主谓一致2)用用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体个整体,如如:breadandbutter,knifeandfork等作主语时等作主语时(由两个部件配成的物品由两个部件配成的物品),谓谓语动词用单数语动词用单数.如如:Eachmanandwoman_thesamerights.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.ishaving）由）由each, every, no, many a(许多许多)所修饰所修饰的名词，即使用的名词，即使用 and连接作主语，谓语动词连接作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。一般用单数。 Manyaman_thestory. hasbelievesThegroup_madeupofninestudents.Thegroup_dancinghappily.isareThe team _ some good players. (have)The team _ handsome. (be)hasare由集体名词，如由集体名词，如group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,company,audience,club,party,等作主语时等作主语时, ,如果看成一个整体如果看成一个整体 ( (强调整体），谓语动词用单数形式强调整体），谓语动词用单数形式, ,如果看成其中各成员，（强调个体）则用复数形式如果看成其中各成员，（强调个体）则用复数形式. . 注意：集体名词为 people, police, cattle，谓语动词用复数形式e.g. The police are searching for the thief. 3、集体名词做主语时的主谓一致 Choosethecorrectverbformtocompletethefollowingsentences.1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people. 2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.4.He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.5.The class (is, are) more than forty in number.isdoisareis6.The class (have, has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. 7.The government (has, have) spent more than two million yuan in planting trees.8.The city government ( has, have) different opinions about next years plan. havehashaveNeither dog _ big. ( A. is B. are )Neither of them _ big. ( A. is B. are ) A Neither of the rabbits _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )A / BNeither rabbit _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )AA / B二、代词作主语二、代词作主语两者都不neither ofnone ofn. (U) n.(C)neither + n.(singl.) V. singl. plural.How to use none and neitherV.(singl.)V.(singl.)代词代词none和和neither有时用作单数有时用作单数看待看待,有时作复数看待有时作复数看待,主要根据说主要根据说话人的意思决定话人的意思决定.但是但是代表不可数代表不可数名词时名词时,只看作单数只看作单数;neither作形容作形容词时与单数名词连用词时与单数名词连用,谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数.语法一致none做主语时做主语时,谓语动词可用单数谓语动词可用单数,也也可用复数可用复数;但在代表不可数的东西时总但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数因而谓语动词要用单数.如如:3.Neither of us _ (was/were) ready when the party began.4. None of them _ (has/have) watched the talk show.have/haswas/were 1.None of these people _ doctors. A. has B. is C. are D. was 2.Neither of them _ a good singer. A. are B. is C. were D. is used to beCBeverybody当这些词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。anybodyeveryonenobodysomebodyeverythinganythingnothingsomethingIndefinite pronounsno one, nobody, each, the otherNothing_difficultintheworldifyousetyourmindtoit.isPeterHenryEitherPeterorHenry_goingtowin.isHenry A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also B Verb Here There+VerbA and BA , B and C就近原则就近原则:当用作主语的两个名词或代词由当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or,eitheror,neithernor或或notonlybutalso连接时连接时,谓语通常与临近的名词谓语通常与临近的名词或代词保持一致。或代词保持一致。由由there或或here引导的句子引导的句子,主语不止一个名词时主语不止一个名词时,谓语动词通谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致.Not only you but also he _ wrong. (is/are)Neither you nor he _ right. (is/are)There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here _ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are)isisareis_Mr.Black,aswellastwowomen,_attheoffice.isMr.Blackwith,togetherwith,（和（和一起）一起）alongwith,（同（同一道）一道）aswellas,（既（既又又）asmuchas,（和（和一样多）一样多）nolessthan, （和）一样；多达ratherthan,（宁愿）（宁愿）but,except,besides,including,like,inadditionto（另外）（另外）四四.主语介词（短语）：主语介词（短语）：当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,togetherwith,but,except,besides,including等时，等时，其谓语动词的单、复数不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一其谓语动词的单、复数不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系，由主语的单、复数而定。致的关系，由主语的单、复数而定。 主谓一致主谓一致语法一致1.Theteacherwithtwostudents_atthemeeting.(was/were)2.E-mail,aswellasthetelephones,_animportantpartindailycommunication.A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.playwasA主谓一致主谓一致语法一致五、分词、量词作主语由分数或百分数或由分数或百分数或alotof,lotsof,plentyof,halfof,therestof,someof,mostof,allof,(a)partof+名名词或代词作主语时，要根据这个名词或代词来确定其词或代词作主语时，要根据这个名词或代词来确定其谓动的单复数形式。如谓动的单复数形式。如: e.g.Tomisoneofthestudentswho_goodatplayingfootball.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_goodatplayingfootball. areis 注意注意 在在“oneof+ +复数名词复数名词+ +关系代词关系代词” 的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复 数形式；但是若前有数形式；但是若前有theonly, , 将其限定为只将其限定为只有一个时有一个时, ,谓语动词用单数形式谓语动词用单数形式. .六、名词化的形容词作主语e.g. The rich are to help the poor.The wounded was a young boy. 以定冠词the + adj.（或过去分词）结构作主语，谓语动词常用复数形式，如the brave, the poor, the blind, the sick, the old等，但有少数过去分词与定冠词连用时指个体，用单数形式。主谓一致主谓一致语法一致七七当主语由不定式、动名词或疑问词引导的当主语由不定式、动名词或疑问词引导的句子充当时，谓语动词用单数。句子充当时，谓语动词用单数。1).ToholdtheOlympicGames_arichprizeforacountry.(be)2).Choosingwhattoeat_nolongeraseasyasitoncewas.isisWhatweneed_moretimeandmorematerials.Whatweneed_teachers.(由由what,who,why,how,whether等引导的主语等引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容为复数意义，则可以用复数形式容为复数意义，则可以用复数形式.)3)isare 内容一致/意义一致主谓一致主谓一致1.表示时间表示时间,金钱金钱,距离距离,度量等的名词作主语度量等的名词作主语,尽尽管是复数形式管是复数形式,它们作为一个单一的概念时它们作为一个单一的概念时,其谓其谓语动词用单数形式语动词用单数形式.如如:表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词，在表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词，在表示单位数量用作主语时，通常被看作整体，表示单位数量用作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。 isA million dollars _(is/are) really a lot of money.Sixty years a long time.Three thousand miles a long distance.Fifty kilogrammes not too heavy to be carried.isisis主谓一致主谓一致语法一致2.名词如名词如:trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses等作主语时等作主语时,谓语动词必须用复数谓语动词必须用复数.但这类表示但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有成双的东西的名词前有apairof修饰时，谓语用单数。修饰时，谓语用单数。如如:Thereisapairofshoesinthebox.Thereisapairofshoesinthebox.主谓一致主谓一致语法一致3.形复意单名词如形复意单名词如:news;以以ics结尾的学科名称如结尾的学科名称如:physics,mathematics;国名如国名如:theUnitedStates;报纸名如报纸名如:theNewTimes;书名如书名如:ArabianNights;以及以及theUnitedNations等作等作主语主语;谓语动词要用单数谓语动词要用单数.如如:主谓一致主谓一致语法一致4.“a+名词名词+andahalf”,“oneandahalf+名词名词”,“thenumberof+名词名词”等作主语等作主语时时,谓语动词要用复数谓语动词要用复数.如如:1Oneortwodays_enoughtoseethecityAisBareCamDbe2NeithermywifenorI_abletopersuade my daughter to change hermindAisBareCamDbeExercises:3NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranotherAisBareCamDbe4Not the teacher，but the students_lookingforwardtoseeingthefilmAisBareCamDbe5NobodybutBettyandMary_lateforclassyesterdayAwasBwereChasbeenDhavebeen6A woman with some children _soonAiscomingBarecomingChascomeDhavecome7Nooneexceptmyparents_anythingaboutthis.AknowBknowsCisknownDareknown8Theteacheraswellasthestudents_thebookalreadyAhasreadBhavereadCarereadingDisreading9Allbutone_intheaccidentAwaskilledBwerekilledCwillbekilledDarekilled10. When and where to build the newfactory_yet.A.hasnotbeendecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided11.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty,butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were12._ofthelandinthatdistrict_coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;is D.Twofifths;are13.Theresultsoftheexamination_thatyouhaveallmadegreat_.A.show;progressB.shows;progressC.show;progressesD.shows;progresses14.Here_anewpairofshoesforyou.A.isB.areC.haveD.has主谓一致记忆口诀单单复复最常见单单复复最常见,集体名词谓用单。集体名词谓用单。如若强调其成员如若强调其成员,复数谓语记心间复数谓语记心间.有些名词谓常复有些名词谓常复,people,police,cattle即即这般这般主语单数后接介主语单数后接介,谓语单数介无关谓语单数介无关.manya作主语也如此作主语也如此,谓语动词应用单谓语动词应用单or,nor,butalso,therebe,近主原则挂嘴近主原则挂嘴边边.ThenecklaceThestoryhappenedinParis.Oneday,Pierretogetherwithhiswife,Mathilde_invitedtoaballatthepalace.Bothofthem_verygladtoaccepttheinvitation.Notonlyanewdressbutalsosomejewellery_needed.Butthefamily_notarichone,theyonlycouldoffertobuyadress.Soadiamondnecklace_borrowedfromMathildesfriendJeanne.Butneitherofthem_toldthatthenecklace_notarealFillintheblankswiththeproperverbs:waswerewaswaswaswaswasdiamondone.Theywenttotheball,andthey_bothhappy.Ontheirwayhome,Mathildefoundthenecklace_nomorearoundherneck.Theylookedeverywhereforit,buttheycouldntfindit.It_lost.Alotofmoney_borrowed,andanewdiamondnecklace_bought.Topayoffthedebts,thecouplehadtoworkdayandnight.Tenyears_alongtime,butatlasttheypaidoffalltheirdebts.WhenMathildemetJeanneinthepark,she_toldthefact.ThenecklacesheborrowedfromJeanne_onlyworth500francs.werewaswaswaswaswaswaswasHomeworkFinish workbook page 43 listening structures 1 , 2 and structures 3.See you!