余余劲草英草英语unit1下解下解读2Unit1 LivingAFullLife 12.Somethingsimilarhappenstomanypeoplewhoexperienceaterrifyingphysicalthreat.Inthatmoment,oursenseofinvulnerabilityis pierced, and the self-protective mentalarmorthatnormallystandsbetweenusandourperceptionsoftheworldistornaway.Oureveryday lifescripts- ourhabits,self-perceptionsandassumptionsgooutthewindow, and we are left with a rawexperienceoftheworld.13. Still,actuallyimplementingthesechanges,aswellasfullycomingtotermswithanewreality, usually takes conscious effort.Being willing and able to take on thisprocess is one of the major differencesbetweenthosewhogrowthroughadversityand those who are destroyed by it. Thepeople who find value in adversity arentthe toughest or the most rational. Whatmakesthemdifferentisthattheyareableto incorporate what happened into thestoryoftheirownlife. ComprehensioComprehension n 14.Eventually,theymayfindthemselvesfreedin ways they never imagined. Survivorsoftensaytheyhavebecomemoretolerantandforgivingofothers,capableofbringingpeace to formerly troubled relationships.Theysaythatmaterialambitionssuddenlyseemsillyandthepleasuresoffriendsandfamily paramount- and that the crisisallowed them to recognize life in line withtheirnewpriorities.15. Peoplewhohavegrownfromadversityoftenfeelmuchlessfear,despitethefrighteningthings theyve been through. They aresurprised by their own strength, confidentthat they can handle whatever else lifethrowsatthem.“Peopledontsaythatwhatthey went through was wonderful,” saidTedeschi. “They werent meaning to growfromit.Theywerejusttryingtosurvive.Butin retrospect, what they gained was morethantheyeveranticipated.”16. InhisrecentbookSatisfaction,EmoryUniversity psychiatrist Gregory Berns pointsto extreme endurance athletes who pushthemselvestotheirphysicallimitsfordaysatatime. They cycle throughthe same sequenceof sensations as do trauma survivors: self-loss, confusion and, finally a new sense ofmastery. For ultramarathoners, who regularlyrun 100-mile races that last more than 24hours,vomitingandhallucinatingarenormal.After a day and night of running withoutstopping or sleeping, competitors sometimesforgetwhotheyareandwhattheyaredoing.17. For a more common example of growththroughadversity,looktooneoflifesbiggestchallenges:parenting.Havingababyhasbeenshown to decrease levels of happiness. Thesleep deprivation and necessity of puttingasidepersonalpleasureinordertocareforaninfant mean that people with newborns aremore likely to be depressed and find theirmarriageontherocks.Nonetheless,overthelong haul, raising a child is one of the mostrewarding and meaningful of all humanundertakings. The short-term sacrifice ofhappinessisoutweighedbyotherbenefits,likefulfillment,altruismandthechancetoleaveameaningfullegacy.18. Ultimately, the emotional rewa4rd cancompensate for the pain and difficulty ofadversity.Thisperspectivedoesnotcancelout what happened, but it puts it all in adifferent context: that its possible to liveanextraordinaryrewardinglifeevenwithinthe constraints and struggles we face. Insomeformorother,saysKing,weallmustgo through this realization. “Youre notgoing to be the person you thought youwere,buthereswhoyouaregoingtobeinsteadandthatturnsouttobeaprettygreatlife.” ComprehensioComprehension n In that moment, , and the self-protectivemental armor thatnormallystandsbetween us and our perceptions of theworldistornaway.（Para.12）armor: n. A defensive covering, as of metal,wood,orleather,worntoprotectthebodyagainstweapons.e.g. Their feathers were like armor impenetrable to steel. 它们的羽毛就象钢铁穿不透的盔甲。它们的羽毛就象钢铁穿不透的盔甲。e.g. To throw away weapon and armorMoretodoInthatmoment,oursenseofinvulnerabilityispierced,andtheself-protectivementalarmorthat normally stands between us and ourperceptionsoftheworldistornaway.Totranslate:在在事事情情发发生生的的那那一一瞬瞬间间，我我们们的的安安全全感感被被冲冲破破了了，平平时时处处于于我我们们与与我我们们对对世世界界的的种种种种看看法法之之间间的的自自我我保保护护的的精精神神盔盔甲甲被剥离了。被剥离了。在在那那个个时时刻刻，我我们们不不会会受受到到攻攻击击的的观观念念被被洞洞穿穿，自自我我保保护护的的精精神神盔盔甲甲被被撕撕碎碎，而而这这一一盔盔甲甲通通常常是是挺挺立立在在我我们们和和我我们们对对世界的看法之间的。世界的看法之间的。Our everyday life scripts- our habits, self-perceptionsandassumptionsgooutthewindow, and we are left with a rawexperienceoftheworld.(Para.12)goout(of)thewindow:ifaquality,principle,orideagoesoutofthewindow,itdoesnotexistanymoree.g. Then people start drinking and sense goes out of the window. Moretodoperception:n.:n.感觉，知觉感觉，知觉，领悟力，认识，观念，领悟力，认识，观念e.g.e.g.敏锐的洞察力敏锐的洞察力e.g.e.g. His perception of the change came in a flash.perceive: : v. become aware of, have theknowledgeofespeciallythroughtheeyesorthemind;toachieveunderstandingof;apprehend.认知，理解认知，理解e.g.e.g. to perceive tobacco use as symbols of manhood透过现象看本质透过现象看本质e.g.e.g. see through the appearance to perceive the essence acuteperceptionacuteperceptionMoretodoperceptive,perceptual,perceptible1)Thesechangeswerealready_beforethewar.2)Idonotknowwhetherthe_PeterLeebelievedme.3)Anyonewhothinksthatrationalknowledgeneednotbederivedfrom_knowledgeisanidealist.perceptible: : adj.adj. formalformal thatthat cancan bebe perceived;perceived;noticeablenoticeableperceptive: : adj.adj. a apprecpprec. . showingshowing anan unusuallyunusuallygoodabilitytonoticeandunderstandgoodabilitytonoticeandunderstand perceptibleperceptibleperceptualperceptualperceptiveperceptiveOur everyday life scripts- out habits, self-perceptions and assumptions go out thewindow,andweareleftwitharawexperienceoftheworld.Totranslate:我我们们的的日日常常生生活活轨轨迹迹（我我们们的的习习惯惯，自自我我认认识识和和主主观观意意念念）全部被抛到九霄云外，只剩下对世界的原始体验全部被抛到九霄云外，只剩下对世界的原始体验。What makes them different is incorporate whathappenedintothestoryoftheirownlife.（Para13）incorporate: v. to unite (one thing) withsomething else already in existence; Tocausetomergeorcombinetogetherintoaunitedwholee.g. incorporate one firm with anothere.g. But we can incorporate some of their approach which will strengthen our areas of weakness. Butin retrospect,whattheygainedwasmorethantheyeveranticipated.(Para.15)retrospect: n.areview,survey,orcontemplationofthingsinthepastin retrospect: looking backward or reviewing thepaste.g. In retrospect, it was their generosity with what they knew that made them smarter.e.g. In retrospect, the past 100 years of human existence have been extremely exciting, and extremely frightening as well.Forultramarathoners,whoregularlyrun100-mileracesthatlastmorethan24hours,(Para.16)ultra-: beyondtherange,scopeorlimitofe.g. ultrasonic scanninge.g. ultraliberale.g. ultraleftistultra-:beyond,ontheothersideof e.g. ultraviolet e.g. ultrared Theshort-termsacrificeisoutweighedby(Para.17)out-:1) excellingorsurpassinginaparticularaction e.g. outlast outlive2)indicatinganexternallocationorsituationawayfromthecentre e.g. outpost outpatient3)indicatingemergence,anissuingforth,etc. e.g. outgrowth4)indicatingtheresultofanaction e.g. outcometheemotionalrewardcan compensate forthe painanddifficultyofadversity.(Para18)compensate: v.serveasorprovideasubstituteorcounterbalance.e.g. She used her good looks to compensate for her lack of intelligence.compensative: adj.偿还的，补充的，赔偿的偿还的，补充的，赔偿的e.g.compensative suretyship 赔偿保证赔偿保证This perspective does not cancel out whathappened,(Para.18)cancelout: towipeouttheeffectofsomething;doawaywith,eliminatee.g. The new tax effectively cancels out my raise.e.g. The pros and cons cancel out.e.g. Her kindness and generosity cancel out her occasional flashes of temper. 他的缺点抵销了他的优点。他的缺点抵销了他的优点。e.g. His weaknesses cancel out his virtues. Comprehension Check“Still,actuallyimplementingthesechanges,aswell as fully coming to terms with a newreality,usuallytakesconsciouseffort.”(Para.12)Whatdoesthesentencemean?Answer:Changesdonotcomebythemselveswithoutactionbeingtakenbyourselves.Comprehension CheckWhatistheconclusiontheauthorhasmade?Answer: Its possible to live an extraordinaryrewarding life even within the constraintsandstrugglesweface.IfyouwillcollectthegrossnationalhappinessIfyouwillcollectthegrossnationalhappinessindexforChinain2014,whichtwoindexforChinain2014,whichtwodays/eventswillyouchoosetoanalyze?days/eventswillyouchoosetoanalyze?Why?Why?Imagine someone reading your Facebook statusupdatesandparsingyourwordstoassesshowhappyorsadyouareatanyparticularmoment.Nowimagineapplyingthatsameparsingtechnology not just to you, but to all ofFacebooks 100 million American users. Theresult: Facebooks Gross National Happinessindex, a measure of the national mood. ThemethodologyissomewhatcomplicatedFacebook counts the number of “positive” and“negative” words used in each status update,converts them to percentages, finds averagepercents based on all users that day, thensubtracts the “negative percent” from the“positivepercent”togetavaluefortheyaxisbuttheresultsareclear:Weekendsandholidaysarebetterthanmidweek,andMothersDayandFathersDay09recordedmorehappinessthan08.parse:tomakesenseof,comprehend,parse:tomakesenseof,comprehend,分析，解分析，解分析，解分析，解析析析析e.g.e.g.top-downparsetop-downparseIsimplycouldntparsewhatyoujustIsimplycouldntparsewhatyoujustsaid.said.axis:axis:轴，轴心轴，轴心轴，轴心轴，轴心e.g.horizontalaxisverticalaxise.g.horizontalaxisverticalaxis theaxispowerstheaxispowersPlanetsrevolveaboutthesunandrotateonPlanetsrevolveaboutthesunandrotateontheiraxis.theiraxis.行星在围绕太阳旋转的同时，也绕着它们的自转轴自转。行星在围绕太阳旋转的同时，也绕着它们的自转轴自转。行星在围绕太阳旋转的同时，也绕着它们的自转轴自转。行星在围绕太阳旋转的同时，也绕着它们的自转轴自转。 Critics allege that because GNH depends on aseriesofsubjectivejudgmentsaboutwell-being,governments may be able to define GNH in away that suits their interests. In the case ofBhutan,forinstance,theysaythatthegovernmentexpelledaboutonehundredthousand people and stripped them of theirBhutanese citizenship on the grounds that thedeporteeswereethnicNepalesewhohadsettledinthecountryillegally,thoughBhutanspoliciesin this regard have no direct or obviousrelevance to its use of GNH as an indicatorguidingpolicy.More to be read: GNHvalueisproposedtobeanindexfunctionofthetotalaveragepercapitaofthefollowingmeasures:EconomicWellness;EnvironmentalWellness;PhysicalWellness;MentalWellness;WorkplaceWellness;SocialWellness;PoliticalWellness.Thanks for attending!Jincao Yu谢谢观赏！2020/11/530