单元语法归纳与练习单元语法归纳与练习一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态一、结构一、结构肯定肯定句式句式主语主语+was/were+was/were+过去分词过去分词(+by.) (+by.) The house was built in 2011.The house was built in 2011.这栋房子建于这栋房子建于20112011年。年。否定否定句式句式主语主语+was/+was/were+notwere+not+ +过去过去分词分词(+by.)(+by.)Jim was not invited to LindaJim was not invited to Lindas s birthday party.birthday party.吉姆没有被邀请去参加琳达的生日聚会。吉姆没有被邀请去参加琳达的生日聚会。疑问疑问句式句式Was/Were+Was/Were+主语主语+ +过去分词过去分词(+by.)?(+by.)?Were flowers and grass planted by them along Were flowers and grass planted by them along the road last year?the road last year?去年他们沿路种植了一些花去年他们沿路种植了一些花草吗草吗? ?疑问词疑问词+was/were+was/were+主语主语+ +过去分词过去分词(+by.)?(+by.)?When was the sports meeting held?When was the sports meeting held?运动会是什运动会是什么时候举行的么时候举行的? ?二、特殊的被动语态二、特殊的被动语态1.1.含双宾语主动句变为被动语态的方法含双宾语主动句变为被动语态的方法(1)(1)含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时, ,通常把指通常把指“人人”的间接宾语变为主语的间接宾语变为主语, , 指指“物物”的直接宾语保留不变。的直接宾语保留不变。(2)(2)如果要把指如果要把指“物物”的直接宾语变为主语的直接宾语变为主语, ,则在间接宾语前加则在间接宾语前加toto或或forfor。 He lent me a bike. I was lent a He lent me a bike. I was lent a bike(bybike(by him). him). A bike was lent to A bike was lent to me(byme(by him). him). 他借给了我一辆自行车。他借给了我一辆自行车。2.2.含复合宾语主动句变为被动语态的方法含复合宾语主动句变为被动语态的方法若主动句为若主动句为“主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +宾语宾语+ +宾补宾补”这种复合宾语结构时这种复合宾语结构时, ,则只能将宾语变为被则只能将宾语变为被动结构的主语动结构的主语, ,宾补变成被动结构的主语补足语。宾补变成被动结构的主语补足语。We call him Xiao We call him Xiao Wang.HeWang.He is called Xiao Wang by us. is called Xiao Wang by us.我们叫他小王。我们叫他小王。注意注意: :若主动语态中的宾补是省略若主动语态中的宾补是省略toto的不定式的不定式, ,变为被动语态时需把变为被动语态时需把toto补上。补上。They heard her sing a song at the party.They heard her sing a song at the party.She was heard to sing a song at the party.She was heard to sing a song at the party.在晚会上他们听她唱了一首歌。在晚会上他们听她唱了一首歌。.用所给动词的适当形式填空用所给动词的适当形式填空1.The bridge over the river 1.The bridge over the river (finish) three years ago.(finish) three years ago.2.A present 2.A present (give) to me by my friend on my birthday.(give) to me by my friend on my birthday.3.The book3.The book (translate) into many other languages last (translate) into many other languages last year. year.4.4. a lot of useful things a lot of useful things (invent) by Edison?(invent) by Edison?5.The window 5.The window (clean) ten minutes (clean) ten minutes ago,andago,and the room looks the room looks bright now. bright now.was finishedwas finishedwas givenwas givenwas translatedwas translatedWereWereinventedinventedwas cleanedwas cleaned.单项选择单项选择( )6.The singer ( )6.The singer while still at schoolwhile still at school.(2017.(2017株洲株洲) ) A.hasA.has discovered discovered B.wasB.was discovered discovered C.discoveredC.discovered( )7.Why didnt you come to Jennys birthday party yesterday?( )7.Why didnt you come to Jennys birthday party yesterday? Because I Because I.(2017.(2017连云港连云港) ) A.didntA.didnt invite invite B.isntB.isnt invited invited C.wasntC.wasnt invited invitedD.haventD.havent invited invited( )8. Why hasnt Tony come?( )8. Why hasnt Tony come? The invitation letter The invitation letter to Toby by accidentto Toby by accident.(2017.(2017苏州苏州) ) A.wasA.was emailed emailedB.hasB.has emailed emailed C.isC.is emailed emailedD.emailedD.emailedB BC CA A ( )9.They have collected more than 14,000 books since the library ( )9.They have collected more than 14,000 books since the library last month.last month.(2017(2017临沂临沂) ) A.builtA.built B.wasB.was built built C.buildsC.buildsD.isD.is built built ( )10.About thirty-eight people ( )10.About thirty-eight people in Manila Casino Hotel in Manila Casino Hotel attack on June 2nd. attack on June 2nd.(2017(2017十堰十堰) ) A.killA.kill B.killsB.kills C.killedC.killedD.wereD.were killed killedD DB B1.We will report these1.We will report these ( (hero).Theyhero).They are the pride of our are the pride of our country country.(2017.(2017宿迁宿迁) )( )2.Not only my parents but also my sister( )2.Not only my parents but also my sister crazy about the crazy about the TV play In the Name of People TV play In the Name of People.(2017.(2017长沙长沙) ) A.isA.isB.areB.are C.haveC.have been been易错提醒易错提醒: :1.hero1.hero意为意为“英雄英雄”, ,其复数形式为其复数形式为heroesheroes。 2.2.句意句意: :不仅我的父母不仅我的父母, ,而且我的妹妹对电视剧而且我的妹妹对电视剧人民的名义人民的名义疯狂地喜欢。疯狂地喜欢。not not only.but also. only.but also.连接并列的主语时连接并列的主语时, ,谓语动词遵循就近原则。谓语动词遵循就近原则。heroesheroesA A