Unit 4Sharing1relevant adj.有关的；切题的2adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合3participate vi.参与；参加4otherwise conj.否则；不然adv.用别的方法；其他方面5privilege n特权；特别优待6arrangement n安排；排列7donate vt.捐赠8purchase vt.& n买；购买9distribute vt.分配；分发10operate vi.工作；运转；营业；动手术vt.操作；经营1relevant adj.有关的；切题的例句A paper relevant to this research was published by him.与此研究相关的一篇论文是他发表的。搭配运用be relevant to 与有关完成句子他的国籍跟他是不是一个好律师无关。His nationality_whether he is a good lawyer.isnt relevant to2adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合例句This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height youneed.这种书桌的高度可以按照你的需要调节。派生搭配运用adjustment n调整；调节adjust (oneself) to sth.使(自己)适合/适应于某事完成句子(1)我的表快了，我得把它校准。I must_; its fast.(2)他很快就适应了这个国家炎热的天气。He _very quickly _ the hot weatherin the country.adjust my watchadjusted/adapted (himself)to3participate vi.参与；参加例句Everyone in the class is expected to participate in thediscussion.希望全班同学参加讨论。搭配运用participate in sth.参加/参与完成句子没有职业选手参加这场比赛。No professionals _ the contest.participated in4arrangement n安排；排列例句He is responsible for all the travel arrangements.他负责旅行的一切安排。派生运用arrange vt.整理；安排；计划用 arrange 的适当形式填空(1)We have made all the _ for the conference.(2)She _ the flowers in a vase.arrangementsarranged5donate vt.捐赠例句I can donate one hundred dollars at best.我充其量只能捐助 100 美元。搭配运用donate sth.to sb.捐赠某物给某人完成句子许多人去红十字会为地震中的受伤人员献血。Many people _ the Red Cross for the victims ofthe earthquake.donated blood to6operate vi.工作；运转；营业；动手术vt.操作；经营例句The machine is not operating properly.机器运转得不正常。Gradually she learned to operate a lathe.她慢慢学会了操作车床。派生operation n操作；运作；手术operator n操作员；技工；管理者；接线员搭配operate on sb.(for some disease) 给某人动手术perform/carry out an operation 做手术in operation 在运转之中；生效；开始实行come into operation 生效put/bring sth.into operation 使起作用/生效运用完成句子(1)他的公司在几个国家有业务活动。His company _ in several countries.(2)医生给这位病人做了手术，但仍没能救回他的生命。The doctors _ the patient but failed to save his life.(3)这项新法律何时生效？When does the new law_?operatesoperated oncome into operation用本单元所学单词及用法完成下列句子1这类大学课程与当今的问题已不再有关系。This type of university course is no longer _ todaysproblems.2我必须学会适应英国的生活。I must learn to _ myself to English life.3在现代社会，受教育不应该被看成是一种特权。Education should not be considered to be_ in themodern society.relevant toadjust/adapta privilege4我们新居的家具布置花了很长时间。The _of the furniture in our new house took a longtime.5我不想参加英语晚会。I dont want to _the English party.6去年他捐赠了一百万美元给这所福利院。Last year he _ one million dollars _ the welfare house.7医生开始为她父亲做癌症手术。The doctor began to _ her dad for his cancer.8今天我身体不太舒服， 否则这事我就亲自去做了。Im not feeling very well today, _ I would do it myself.arrangementparticipate indonatedtooperate onotherwise1(be) dying to do/for sth.极想；渴望2the other day 不久前的一天3dry out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透dry up (指河流、井等)干涸4in need在困难中；在危急中1(be) dying to do/for sth.极想；渴望例句He is dying to see you.他渴望见到你。I am dying for a cup of coffee.我很想喝杯咖啡。拓展同义短语be eager to do/for sth.long to do/for sth.be anxious to do/for sth.运用完成句子我很累，渴望好好休息一下。I am very tired and I _ a good rest.am dying for/to have2the other day 不久前的一天例句I came across my old friend in the street the other day.我几天前在街上碰见了一个老朋友。运用完成句子前几天通过的决定已经被执行了。The decision passed _ has been carried out.the other day3dry out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透dry up (指河流、井等)干涸例句A good hot summer could dry the ground out.一个炎热的夏天可以使大地干透。The small river nearly dried up.这条小河沟几乎干涸了。运用完成句子(1)在太阳下晾干湿衣服吧。_ the wet clothes in the sun.(2)干旱期间，河流都干涸了。During the drought, the rivers _ .Dry outdried up4in need在困难中；在危急中例句We are collecting money for families in need.我们正在为有困难的家庭募捐。拓展in need of 需要in trouble 处于困境中in order 按顺序；整齐in danger 处于危险中in common 共同；共有in debt 欠债in fact 事实上；实际上in peace 安静；宁静；和平in public 当众；公开in surprise 吃惊；惊讶in time 及时；来得及运用完成句子(1)我们应关注弱势群体和有困难的人们。We should pay close attention to the disadvantaged and people_.(2)我将依次回答你这三个问题。I will answer your three questions _ .in needin order(3)我和简毫无共同之处。I have nothing _with Jane.(4)在许多国家，当众吐痰属于不雅的行为。In many countries it is considered rude to spit _.(5)困在岛上的人们很需要饮用水和食物。People trapped on the island are _ drinkingwater and food.in commonin publicin great need of用本单元所学短语及用法完成下列句子1患难识知己。A friend _ is a friend indeed.2更糟糕的是，炎热的夏天里这个区域唯一的河流干涸了。Whats worse, the only river in this area _ in thatextremely hot summer.3奶奶把一些白菜放在太阳底下晒干了。Granny is _ some Chinese cabbages by putting themin the sun.in needdried updrying out4我每两个月就会收到我表哥的来信。I _ my cousin every two months.5这场大火烧毁了多达 20 座建筑物。The great fire burned down _ 20 buildings.6前几天我买了一双皮鞋。I bought a pair of leather shoes _ .7我渴望去北京。I _ go to Beijing.hear fromup tothe other dayam dying to原句It was such a privilege to have spent a day withTombes family.跟汤贝一家度过一天真是荣幸之至。精讲“It is/was a privilege (for sb.) to do sth.” 意为“( 对某人来说)做某事真是荣幸”。精练根据中文提示，完成下列句子能和你交谈真是我的荣幸。_talk with you.Its a privilege for me to运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵之I have (1) _ (很渴望) (2) _(收到的来信) my elder brother since he attended college in September, wherehe shares the dormitory with other three college classmates and he(3)_ ( 碰见) some of his middle school classmates.Soonafter he went to college, he (4)_ ( 适应 )the life there.To improve himself, my brother (5)_( 参加 ) all sorts of out-of-class activities and recently he attended aclass on the art of (6) _ ( 插 花 ) He is sobeen dying tohear fromcame across adjusted/adapted himself to participated inflower arrangement kind-hearted a student that he (7) _ ( 捐 赠 ) a lot of hisfavourite books to the Hope Project (8)_ ( 前 几 天 ) Besides, he is (9) _( 需要) a new computer, but he doesnthave enough money to buy one and therefore, he plans to get apart-time job (10)_ (周末)donatedthe other dayin need ofat weekends如何写记叙文类“读写任务”“读写任务”体现了英语课程标准的基本理念，是高中课程改革之后高考英语试题的亮点之一。然而，考生要在短短的30 分钟内，阅读完 200 词左右的短文，在理解全文的基础上，再用大约 30 词高度概括文章的内容要点，还要进行议论或记叙，最后成文，这对大部分考生来说确非易事。因此在写作时，考生可以按照不同的文体，用一些相对固定的写作模板来进行写作。【实例分析】阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文。A few months ago, Peter worked for a short time as a cashierat a restaurant.He also helped clear the tables when it wasespecially busy.One night, just before Christmas, he found a largeblack wallet on the floor near one of the tables.He guessed heshould have checked it for the owners identification, but he wasvery busy at the time.Also, he figured that if the wallet containedanything valuable, the owner would be back.Sure enough, an hourlater a man came up to the counter and asked if anyone had found awallet.Peter asked him to describe the lost wallet, and after he haddescribed it exactly, he gave the man the wallet.He seemed greatlyrelieved when Peter handed it to him.The man asked Peter if he had opened it, and when he was told“No”， he at once opened it and revealed nearly $1,000 in cash.Hetook out a 20-dollar bill and handed it to Peter.Peter pushed itback.“Bless you for saving my Christmas plans.Its people likeyou who make everything in the world look good，” the man saidand then turned to walk away.写作内容1以约 30 词概括上文的主要内容；2以约 120 词写一篇记叙文，描写一次助人为乐的经历，内容包括：(1)叙述一次助人为乐的经历，你或你身边的人是帮助者或受助者；(2)你或你身边的人遇到了什么事情；(3)事情最后的结局。写作要求1作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。思路点拨本文为记叙文。概括记叙文的大意时，应抓住记叙文六要素中最重要的部分进行概括，没有必要面面俱到，切忌描述过多的细节。在概括记叙文时，可按下列步骤进行。1围绕以下几个问题找到文章的要点(1)谁做了什么？(Who did what？)本文对此的回答是：Peter found a wallet but did not keep itfor himself.(在第一段找到答案)(2)结果怎样？(What was the result？)本文对此的回答是：Peter waited for the owner to return toclaim it, and he refused the owners reward.(在第一、二段找到答案)(3)文章揭示了什么？(假如原文没有提及，概括时则不用考虑此问题)2将针对问题所回答的内容连接起来用适当的时态和人称连接所回答的内容，便是“主要内容”的概括了。如：The passage tells us that Peter found a wallet but didnt keep itfor himself.Instead, he waited for the owner to return to claimit.However, he refused the owners reward.3根据“写作内容”中的要点确定记叙文的内容由所给的三个要点，考生可构思如下内容：我父亲曾承诺，如果我语、数、英三科都在 80 分以上，他就带我去日本旅游。四个月后期末考试时，我真的做到了。就在本打算暑假去日本旅游时，得知表妹上大学不够学费。于是，我决定放弃旅游，将这笔钱资助表妹上大学。4考虑所需时态、语态及关键词句等根据上一步所构思的内容，考生接着要思考可能会用到哪些关键词语或句式，以及时态和人称等。(1)为了把读者引入你要写的一次经历，可用以下的句子引导过渡：What Peter did reminds me of a story that happened two yearsago./What Peter did reminds me of my own experience.(2)叙述过去的经历，注意用过去时态。如：agot; worked; paid.(一般过去时)bhad promised; had made.(过去完成时)cwas/were discussing.(过去进行时)dwould take; .(过去将来时)(3)列出你写这一经历时可能用到的词汇和句式：awork hard for.bpay offcbe admitted into a key universitydcant afford tov.eIts hard to.fspend some time/some money on sth./(in) doing sth.gthanks to sth./sb.hmake great progress in .iIt is被强调部分(主语、宾语、状语)that句子其余部分j定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句等复合句式(4)叙述你自己的一次经历时，全文的主体人称应为第一人称 I,me, my, myself 等。(5)结局附感想：言简意赅交代结果后，考生还应就此经历谈一下自己的感想或感悟，可用到的句式有：leave for.; can tellfrom.; make a.decision 等。5连词成文根据构思的内容，将上述可能会用到的词句连成一篇连贯的短文。范文诵读The passage tells us that Peter found a wallet but didnt keep itfor himself.Instead, he waited for the owner to return to claimit.However, he refused the owners reward.What Peter did reminds me of a story that happened two yearsago.My father had promised that if I got over 80 in my Chinese,maths and English exams, he would take me to travel to Japanduring the summer vacation.I worked very hard for nearly fourmonths, and finally my hard work paid off.However, when we were discussing the details of the plan, myfather received a call from my aunt.He was told that my cousin hadbeen admitted into a famous university in Beijing, but they couldnot afford to pay the university fees unless some relatives offered tohelp.I really wanted to go to Japan, but I decided to cancel my tripand give the money to my cousin instead.When my cousin left for Beijing in September, I could tellfrom her sweet smile that I had made a correct decision.在英语写作中，无论是开头段、开头句，还是结尾段、结尾句，用正确的英语表达是最为关键的。试想一下，如果一开头就错漏百出，怎会吸引评卷者继续读下去呢？结束时，仍然错漏百出，又怎会给评卷者留下好印象，打个好分数呢？反之，准确漂亮的开头，恰当深刻的结尾，一定会让你的文章档次得到提高。因此考生只有掌握了写作的方法，把握写作的关键，多尝试、多操练、多修改、多思考和多总结，才能得心应手地写出一篇优秀的读写任务记叙文。