Module 4Sandstorms in Asia 第一板第一板块重点重点单词1. concerned adj. 关心的关心的; 担心的担心的; 有关的有关的(1)be concerned about/for. . . 关心关心; 担心担心be concerned with. . . 与与有关有关, 涉及涉及be concerned in牵涉涉; 与与有关系有关系be concerned that. . . 担心担心as far as. . . concerned就就而言而言/来来说(2)concern n. 关心关心, 忧虑 vt. (使使)担心担心; 涉及涉及show/express concern for/about sb. 关心某人关心某人concern oneself about/for关心关心, 挂念挂念(3)concerningprep. 有关有关, 涉及涉及【误区点区点拨】concerned充当前置定充当前置定语时, 意意为“关心的关心的, 挂念的挂念的”; 如如果表示果表示“有关的有关的”, 作定作定语要后置。例如要后置。例如: a concerned father一位担心的父一位担心的父亲; all the people concerned所有相所有相关的人关的人员。【即即时训练】单句句语法填空法填空If youre truly _(concern), youll know when your neighbor needs some cheering up. Nowadays people are more concerned _the environment where they live. concernedabout完成句子完成句子(2016全国卷全国卷)Others _using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers. 其他人关心使用需要更少水和更少肥料的园其他人关心使用需要更少水和更少肥料的园艺方式。方式。are concerned about_, they are more interested in how the other women dress than other things. 就女性而言就女性而言, 她她们对别的女人的衣着打扮比的女人的衣着打扮比对其他事其他事情更感情更感兴趣。趣。As far as women are concerned【巧学助巧学助记】concern语境串境串记As far as I am concerned, educators should be concerned with the reform of education, and be concerned about the problems that are concerned with the healthy growth of the students. 依我看依我看, 教育工作者教育工作者应该关注教育改革关注教育改革, 并关心与学生健康成并关心与学生健康成长有关的有关的问题。2. urgent adj. 紧急的急的; 迫切的迫切的(1)in urgent need of急需急需(2)urge vt. 催促催促; 极力主极力主张urge sb. to do sth. /into doing sth. 力力劝/敦促某人做某事敦促某人做某事urge(sb. )on力力劝; 强强烈要求烈要求urge+that-clause强强烈要求烈要求; 极力主极力主张从句从句谓语动词用用(should+)动词原形原形(3)urgencyn. 紧急急; 紧急情况急情况urgentlyadv. 紧急地急地【即即时训练】完成句子完成句子(2016全国卷全国卷)In this box are some stem cells that _for a patient. 盒子里装着病人急需的移植干盒子里装着病人急需的移植干细胞。胞。are urgently neededThese days the industrys _may be how to control the flow of tourists. 目前目前, 这个行个行业最最紧迫的迫的问题可能是如何控制游客可能是如何控制游客的流量。的流量。most urgent questionThe public urged that the government _such cases from happening again. 公众公众强强烈要求政府采取措施来防止此烈要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件的再次案件的再次发生。生。(should) takemeasures to preventThe people in the earthquake-stricken area are_food, medicine and shelters. 地震灾区的人地震灾区的人们急需食品、急需食品、药品和住的地方。品和住的地方。After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, who urgent needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. (改改错)_in urgent need ofurgent改改为urgently【知知识拓展拓展】后接后接宾语从句从句时用用“(should+)动词原形原形”的常的常见动词: insist, order, command, advise, suggest, recommend, require, request, demand, desire, propose等。等。3. complain v. 抱怨抱怨; 发牢牢骚; 投投诉(1)complain(to sb. )of/about sth. (向某人向某人)投投诉/抱怨某事抱怨某事complain(to sb. )that. . . (向某人向某人)抱怨抱怨(2)complaintn. 抱怨抱怨; 投投诉; 控告控告make a complaint about/of sth. 抱怨抱怨/投投诉某事某事make a complaint to sb. 向某人抱怨向某人抱怨/投投诉【即即时训练】单句句语法填空法填空(2016浙江高考浙江高考)If we complained _ not having what another kid did, wed hear something like, “I dont care what so-and-so got for his birthday, you are not getting a TV in your room a car for your birthday a lavish sweet 16 party. ”aboutStill others lay the blame on the Americans, _(complain) that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much American-style fast food. If you want to make a _(complain), you should go to see the manager. complainingcomplaint4. strength n. U力量力量, 力气力气C长处, 优势(1)with all ones strength用尽全身的力气用尽全身的力气have strength to do sth. 有力气有力气/意志做某事意志做某事build up ones strength强强身健体身健体strengths and weaknesses长处和短和短处, 优缺点缺点(2)strengthen vt. 加加强强; 增增强强; 改善改善strong adj. 强强壮的壮的; 强强烈的烈的; 浓的的【即即时训练】单句句语法填空法填空(2016四川高考四川高考)Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman _(strong) may sound silly. (2016浙江高考浙江高考)Gossip _(strong) unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. strengthstrengthens(2016江江苏高考高考)A study found that a _(strength) Nifio in 1997 helped Americans economy grow by 15 billion. strong完成句子完成句子Practising Chinese kung fu can not only _, but also develop ones character. 练习中国功夫不中国功夫不仅能能够增增强强人的体人的体质, 还能培养人的能培养人的性格。性格。build upones strengthNot only can students improve their writing ability in this way but also they _. 以以这种方式种方式, 学生学生们不不仅能提高他能提高他们的写作能力的写作能力, 而且而且能增能增强强自信心。自信心。can strengthen their self-confidence【易混辨析易混辨析】strength常用来指体力、力量、强度等常用来指体力、力量、强度等, 尤其指承尤其指承重的力量重的力量, 也可用来指长处或优势。例如也可用来指长处或优势。例如: She pulled on the rope with all her strength. force常指促使物体运动的力常指促使物体运动的力, 也可指势力、武也可指势力、武力或暴力。例如力或暴力。例如: The police had to use force when they took him to the police station. power主要指政权、权力主要指政权、权力, 还可泛指做某事的能力还可泛指做某事的能力, 也可指物理学中的动力、功率。例如也可指物理学中的动力、功率。例如: He has lost the power of walking. energy指自然界的能量指自然界的能量; 人的活力、精力人的活力、精力, 更多着眼更多着眼于人的精神风貌。于人的精神风貌。be full of energy精力充沛。精力充沛。例如例如: She came back full of energy after vacation. 5. major adj. 主要的主要的; 重要的重要的; 主修的主修的vi. 主修主修n. 主主修修课程程(1)major in主修主修(2)the majority of大多数大多数be in the/a majority占大多数占大多数; 构成大部分构成大部分(3)minor adj. 较少的少的; 次要的次要的(4)minorityn. 少数少数; 少数民族少数民族a minority of的少数的少数be in the minority属少数派属少数派; 占少数占少数【误区点区点拨】“the majority of+n. ”作主作主语时, 其其谓语动词形式可以是形式可以是单数数, 也可以是复数也可以是复数, 若若强强调整体整体时, 谓语动词常用常用单数数, 若若强强调个体个体, 常用复数。常用复数。【即即时训练】单句句语法填空法填空(2016天津高考天津高考)The _(major) of them take on online language test before starting their programme. (2016北京高考北京高考)In fact, he inspires me to major _ English in college to be a bridge between China and the world. majorityin完成句子完成句子Tourism is _of income for this area. 旅游旅游业是是该地区主要的收入来源。地区主要的收入来源。the major sourceFor one thing, I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to _the gardening after attending college. 首先首先, 我希望我希望获得更多的园得更多的园艺知知识, 以便上大学之后以便上大学之后它可以帮助我主修园它可以帮助我主修园艺学。学。His major is chemistry. (句式句式转换)=He _chemistry. major inmajors in第二板第二板块常考短常考短语句式句式1. take in欺欺骗; 收留收留; 理解理解; 包括包括; 改小改小; 吸收吸收【即即时训练】写出黑体部分的含写出黑体部分的含义(2016四川高考四川高考)The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night. ( )吸收吸收It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying. ( )I managed to rent a big enough house to take in a handful of people. ( )理解理解收留收留; 留宿留宿【知知识拓展拓展】take off起起飞; 脱掉脱掉(衣服等衣服等); 开始开始获得成功得成功take over 接管接管; 占占领take place 发生生take out 拿出拿出, 掏出掏出; 把把带出去出去take down 记录下来下来; 拆除拆除take up拿起拿起; 占用占用; 开始开始(从事从事)take on承担承担; 呈呈现; 雇用雇用2. cut down 砍倒砍倒; 削减削减; 缩小小(尺寸、数量尺寸、数量)cut. . . down to 把把削减到削减到cut down on减少减少; 削减削减cut in 插插话cut up切碎切碎; 使使伤心心cut off切断切断, 中断中断; 隔隔绝cut out切下切下; 删除除cut through/across抄近路穿抄近路穿过【即即时训练】完成句子完成句子(2016北京高考北京高考)The town was _from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. 因因为下大雪下大雪该镇已已经和外界隔断。和外界隔断。cut offSince the plants took a while to grow, he started _trees to sell the wood. 由于植物需要一段由于植物需要一段时间的生的生长, 他开始砍伐他开始砍伐树木来木来卖木材。木材。The community college has to _staff to save money. 为了省了省钱, 那所社区学院只好裁那所社区学院只好裁员。cutting downcut down onWe need to _the article _1, 000 words. 我我们得把得把这篇文章篇文章压缩到到1 000字。字。cutdown to3. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. 近些年来沙漠化近些年来沙漠化导致的沙致的沙尘暴在中国似乎有所增加。暴在中国似乎有所增加。appear to do sth. 似乎要做某事似乎要做某事appear to be doing sth. 似乎正在做某事似乎正在做某事appear to have done sth. 似乎已做似乎已做过某事某事【即即时训练】单句句语法填空法填空(2016浙江高考浙江高考)Though their ranges and tools differ, the babys investigation and the scientists experiment appear _(share) the same aim, overall approach, and logic. to shareAnd the spirit of generosity behind the project appears _(spread). 工程背后的慷慨精神似乎正在蔓延。工程背后的慷慨精神似乎正在蔓延。From her look, she appears _(know) the truth. 从她的表情看从她的表情看, 她好像已她好像已经知道了真相。知道了真相。to be spreadingto have known4. cant help but不得不不得不cant but do sth. 不得不做某事不得不做某事cant choose but do sth. 不得不做某事不得不做某事cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help(to)do sth. 不能帮忙做某事不能帮忙做某事【即即时训练】完成句子完成句子As I held my fathers hands one night, I _ _their calluses and roughness. 一天晚上一天晚上当我握住爸爸的手当我握住爸爸的手时, 我不禁注意到他手上的老我不禁注意到他手上的老茧和和粗糙。粗糙。couldnthelp but noticeI _the picture whenever I look at it. 无无论什么什么时候看候看这张画画, 我都禁不住要我都禁不住要赞赏它。它。She cant help but wonder what he is thinking. 译: _cant help admiring她不禁琢磨着他在想什么。她不禁琢磨着他在想什么。5. The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled. 然后垃圾被然后垃圾被带走走, 如果可能的如果可能的话会会进行回收利用。行回收利用。(1)在在if, when, once, until, unless, while, as if等引等引导的状的状语从句中从句中, 如果主从句的主如果主从句的主语一致一致, 或主或主语是是it, 谓语动词中含有中含有be动词时, 有有时为了使句子了使句子简洁, 可将主可将主语和和be动词省略。在被省略。在被动语态中有中有时也采用也采用这种省略种省略现象。象。(2)if引引导省略的情况有下列几种省略的情况有下列几种: if any如果有的如果有的话if necessary如果需要的如果需要的话if so如果是如果是这样的的话if ever如果曾如果曾经有的有的话if not如果不如果不这样的的话if possible如果可能的如果可能的话【即即时训练】完成句子完成句子(2016浙江高考浙江高考)Do street children go to school, and_(如果不的如果不的话), why not? He will, _, go abroad for further study. 如果可能的如果可能的话, 他会出国深造。他会出国深造。if notif possible_, you dont have to buy anything, but it would be kind if you did. 如果如果这样的的话, 你不需要你不需要买什么什么东西西, 但是如果你但是如果你买的的话, 你就太好了。你就太好了。If so6. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes itdifficult to see. 暴暴风有有时持持续一整天一整天, 车辆开得很慢开得很慢, 因因为浓浓的的尘埃降低了能埃降低了能见度。度。(1)“make+宾语+宾语补足足语”是一个常用句式是一个常用句式, 其中其中作作宾语补足足语的可以是的可以是动词原形、形容原形、形容词、名、名词或或过去分去分词。(2)如果如果make后的后的宾语是是动词不定式或从句不定式或从句, 宾语补足足语是形容是形容词或名或名词, 这时往往把形式往往把形式宾语it放在放在宾语的的位置上位置上, 把真正的把真正的宾语放在后面。放在后面。find, feel, think, take等等动词也有也有这样的用法。的用法。【即即时训练】单句句语法填空法填空This makes _even more difficult to say whether classical music is relevant to young people. Many parents find it helpful _(have) pets in the house for their children. itto have