被动语态被动语态Passive Voice 被动语态被动语态 passive voice2021/6/301被打的豆豆被打的豆豆2021/6/302遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。觉，打豆豆。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。Doudou is always beaten by someone.2021/6/303昨天晚上昨天晚上 ，夜黑风高，它又被打了。，夜黑风高，它又被打了。 Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.2021/6/304明天，豆豆还会面临明天，豆豆还会面临N N顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。Tomorrow ,Doudou will be beaten several times .2021/6/305可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。命运一直没有改变。命运一直没有改变。PoorDoudouhasbeenbeatenformanyyears.2021/6/306我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打 。Our dear doudou is being beaten now .2021/6/307随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。PoorDoudoumaybebeatenanytime.2021/6/308语态语态主动语态主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者、发出者：表示主语是动作的执行者、发出者被动语态被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者：表示主语是动作的承受者Catseat fish.（主主动语态动语态）猫吃）猫吃鱼鱼。Fishis eatenbycats.(被被动语态动语态)鱼鱼被猫吃被猫吃。被动语态被动语态构成构成:be+done（及物动词的过去分词）（及物动词的过去分词）（be动词有人称、数和时态的变化）动词有人称、数和时态的变化）2021/6/309时 态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时am/is/are being + done过去进行时was/were being + done现在完成时have/has been + done过去完成时had been + done一般将来时will be +done过去将来时would be + done情态动词情态动词+be+ done各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态（时态体现在（时态体现在be的变化上）的变化上）am/is/are + donewas/were + done2021/6/30101. They make shoes in that factory. 主主 谓谓 宾宾Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 主主 谓谓 宾宾一般现在时被动结构：一般现在时被动结构：am/is/are+过去分词过去分词Children_inChina.A.istakengoodcareB.havetakengoodcareC.aretakengoodcareofD.musttakecareof2021/6/3011真题演练真题演练1.TheOlympicGameseveryfouryears.A.areheldBwereheldC.areholdingDwillhold2.TodayChinese_bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speak2021/6/30122. They bought ten computers last year 主主 谓谓 宾宾Ten computers were bought (by them) last year. 主主 谓谓 宾宾一般过去时被动结构：一般过去时被动结构： was/were+过去分词过去分词2021/6/3013The bridge_by the peasants themselves in 1980.A was built C has been built B will be built D built 2021/6/3014真题演练2. Today Chinese _ by more and more people around the world. A. was spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. speak3. The road _ last year. A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built4. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital. A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken2021/6/30157.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 主主 谓谓 宾宾一般将来时被动结构：一般将来时被动结构： will+be+过去分词过去分词主主 谓谓 宾宾2021/6/3016_thetrees_intheparknextSaturday?AWillbeplantedBWillbeplantedCWillplantDWillplanted2021/6/3017真题演练真题演练5.Anewsupermarket_herenextyear.Awillbuild BbuildCwasbuilt Dwillbebuilt6.Whencanwegettheexamresults?They_toyounextMonday.AwillbesentBaresendingCwillsendDaresent2021/6/30185.We have made twenty keys 主主 谓谓 宾宾Twenty keys have been made by us. 主主 谓谓 宾宾现在完成时被动结构：现在完成时被动结构：have/has+been+过去分词过去分词2021/6/3019Greatchanges_place.Manynewschools_.A.havetaken;havebeenopenedB.take;areopenC.aretaken;openD.havebeentaken;areopened2021/6/30203. Some workers are painting the rooms now 主主 谓谓 宾宾The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 主主 谓谓 宾宾 现在进行时被动结构：现在进行时被动结构：am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词2021/6/3021Wecantusethebridgenow,becauseit_.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired2021/6/30229.Tom can take good care of Tina 主主 谓谓 宾宾Tina can be taken good care of by Tom. 主主 谓谓 宾宾情态动词变被动：情态动词变被动：情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词2021/6/3023Yourexercisebooks_afterclass.AWillhandinBmusthandinChandedinDmustbehandedin2021/6/3024真题演练真题演练7.Themusicisveryloudanditcan_fromalongwayaway.A.beheardB.isheardC.hearD.heard8.Nofood_inmyclass.Thisisarule.A.caneatB.eatsC.iseatenD.canbeeaten2021/6/3025Shewasinterviewingthefamousman 主主 谓谓 宾宾atthistimeyesterday.Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyher 主主 谓谓 宾宾atthistimeyesterday.过去进行时被动结构：过去进行时被动结构：was/were+being+过去分词过去分词2021/6/3026We had seen this film before you came here. 主主 谓谓 宾宾This film had been seen by us before you came here. 主主 谓谓 宾宾过去完成时被动结构：过去完成时被动结构：had+been+过去分词过去分词2021/6/3027The workers would build a new school in two weeks. 主主 谓谓 宾宾 A new school would be built by the workers in two weeks. 主主 谓谓 宾宾 过去将来时被动构成：过去将来时被动构成： would+be+过去分词过去分词2021/6/30281.IfeelveryhappythatI_tobethehost.Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen2.TodayChinese_bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speak真题演练真题演练2021/6/30293.YourhometownhaschangedalotYes.Havealookatthesetallbuildings.They_lastyearA.buildBbuiltC.wasbuiltDwerebuilt4.Whyistheclassroomsodirty?Sorry,sir.It_yesterdayWeforgottodoitA.dontcleanB.didntcleanC.werentcleanedD.wasntcleaned真题演练真题演练2021/6/3030被动语态的用法被动语态的用法1.不知道动作的执行者是谁,或没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者。 The window was broken yesterday. 窗户昨天被打破了。 - Have you heard about that fire in the markrt? - Yes,fortunately on one was hurt. 你听说市场里发生的火灾吗？ 听说了，幸运的是，没有人受伤。 2021/6/3031被动语态的用法被动语态的用法2.强调或突出动作的承受者强调或突出动作的承受者,此时动作的执行此时动作的执行者者,可用可用“by+动作执行者动作执行者(宾格宾格)来表示。来表示。 The red dress was made by her mother. 这条红色裙子是她妈妈做的。 New zealand wine is of high quality and ia sold all over the world. 新西兰的葡萄酒的品质很高，广销全世界。 2021/6/30323.It + be + 过去分词 + that从句 表示：据说/据报道/据推测等 It is said that. 据说It is reported that. 据报道It is supposed that 据推测 It is well known that. 众所周知It was reported that he died of SARS. 据报道，他死于SARS。4.4.用在科技文献中。用在科技文献中。Cars of this kind were made in the 1980s. 这种小汽车是19世纪80年代制造的。被动语态的用法被动语态的用法2021/6/30335.汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao 魏华是被林涛叫来的。被动语态的用法被动语态的用法2021/6/30341.I open the door.The door is opened by me.2.He helps homeless people.Homeless people are helped by him.3.I handed out some papers just now.Some papers were handed out by me just now.主动语态:主语主语是动作的执行者执行者。被动语态:主语主语是动作的承受者承受者。被动语态结构为：(主动语态)(主动语态)(主动语态)(被动语态)(被动语态)(被动语态)be+过去分词过去分词将下列句子变为被动语态。将下列句子变为被动语态。2021/6/30351. More money when we used both sides of paper.A.will save B. was save C. has saved D. will be saved2. The lake smells terrible because its water .A.is polluted B. is polluting C. had polluted D. was polluted3. People learn English because it widely in the world.A.is; using B. can; use C.is; used D. dose; use 4. In the old days they in the factory from morning to evening.A.were made to work B. asked to workC.made to work D. were asked for work5. - Do you like reading books? - Yes. Each of us to do more reading in and after class.A.Are encouraged B. encourage C. is encouraged D. is encouraging2021/6/3036 主动主动”表表“被动被动”常见的情况常见的情况2 2. .有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义，表示主有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义，表示主有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义，表示主有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义，表示主语的某种属性特征或功能。如：语的某种属性特征或功能。如：语的某种属性特征或功能。如：语的某种属性特征或功能。如：washwash，sellsell，readread，writewrite，openopen，closeclose，cleanclean，等。，等。，等。，等。 This pen This pen writeswrites well. well. The shirt The shirt washeswashes well. well. This new book This new book sellssells well. well. 1 1. .一些感官系动词，如：一些感官系动词，如：一些感官系动词，如：一些感官系动词，如：look,feel,sound,taste,smelllook,feel,sound,taste,smell等常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：等常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：等常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：等常用主动形式表示被动意义。如： The red apple The red apple tastestastes delicious. delicious. Her voice Her voice soundssounds beautiful. beautiful.2021/6/30373.3.有些非谓语动词以主动形式出现，表示被动意义。有些非谓语动词以主动形式出现，表示被动意义。有些非谓语动词以主动形式出现，表示被动意义。有些非谓语动词以主动形式出现，表示被动意义。常见的有：常见的有：常见的有：常见的有：want, needwant, need（需要）（需要）（需要）（需要）, require, require（需要）（需要）（需要）（需要）,deserve,deserve （值得）（值得）（值得）（值得）,be worth,be worth （值得）等后面，以（值得）等后面，以（值得）等后面，以（值得）等后面，以 V-ing V-ing形式主形式主形式主形式主动表被动。动表被动。动表被动。动表被动。如：如：如：如：needdoingsth=needtobedone The room needs/requires The room needs/requires cleaningcleaning. . =The room =The room needs /requiresneeds /requires to be clean to be cleane ed d. .练习：我的自行车需要修理一下。练习：我的自行车需要修理一下。Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.2021/6/3038betoblame(责备责备),betoseek（寻找）（寻找）,betolet（出租）等。（出租）等。Iamtoblame.Thehouseistolet.be+easy/difficult/hard/heavy/light/dangerous/pleasant/comfortable/interesting/expensive+todoThequestioniseasytoanswer.2021/6/30394. 有些动词，如 cook, bake, print, do等，常用主动结构进行时表被动意义。 The book is printing. 这本书在印刷中。5.某些介词短语，如under discussion（讨论中）under consideration（考虑之中）, on display（展出）, on sale（出售），等 。 There are many kinds of postcards are on sale. 有很多种明信片在出售。 2021/6/3040没有被动语态的动词和词组没有被动语态的动词和词组(1) 1、有些及物动词或及物动词短语不能用于被动、有些及物动词或及物动词短语不能用于被动语态语态。（have有, cost花费, own拥有, suit适合, hold抓住, fit适合, belong to属于, agree with同意, take part in 加入, wish 希望等） The MP3 costs 500 yuan. 这个MP3花了500元。 This dictionary belongs to Mike. 这本字典时Mike的。2021/6/3041五、没有被动语态的动词和词组五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(2)2、有些不及物动词的主动形式可以用来表示被、有些不及物动词的主动形式可以用来表示被动意义。动意义。（happen/take place发生, remain剩下, break out爆发, last持续, come out出版, run out用完等） Three questions came up at the meeting. 在这次会议上（我们）提出了三个问题。 His money is running out. 他的钱快用完了。2021/6/30421.Books of this kind _ well.1.Books of this kind _ well.A.sell B.sells A.sell B.sells C.are sold D.is soldC.are sold D.is sold解析：这种书很好卖，是说明主语内在的性能与特点，解析：这种书很好卖，是说明主语内在的性能与特点，所以应用主动形式表示被动含义；而句子的主语是所以应用主动形式表示被动含义；而句子的主语是booksbooks，谓语动词应用复数形式。故答案选，谓语动词应用复数形式。故答案选A A。2021/6/3043 2.As a result of the serious flood2.As a result of the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area two-thirds of the buildings in the area _._. A.need repairing A.need repairing B.needs to repairB.needs to repair C.needs repairing C.needs repairingD.need to repairD.need to repair解析：当句子的主语解析：当句子的主语buildingsbuildings是动作承受者是动作承受者时，时，needneed后接后接V-ingV-ing形式或者后接不定式的被动形式或者后接不定式的被动式，故答案选式，故答案选A A。2021/6/30443.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust_dirtythingintoit.AbestoppedtothrowBbestoppedfromthrowingCstoptothrowDstopfromthrowing4.Thisbook_often_fromthelibrary.Aarent，takeawayBtaken，awayCisnt，takenawayDbe，takenaway5.He_(tell)toreturnhisbookstothelibraryyesterday.was told2021/6/30456.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees_bypeopletherelastyear.7.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.Thevegetables_onthefarmTwere planted are grown2021/6/3046Thanks!2021/6/3047 结束语结束语若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢！若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢！