2024/9/161句子成分句子成分和和基本句型基本句型2024/9/162.2024/9/163什么是句子？什么是句子？句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位句子的第能表达一个完整概念的语言单位句子的第一个字母必须一个字母必须大写大写，结尾要有，结尾要有？ ！I am a teacher.Are you a student?How beautiful the girl is !2024/9/164现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。句子包括哪些成分？句子包括哪些成分？.2024/9/165主语：主语：主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分一般由名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从部分一般由名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从句充当它的位置一般在句首句充当它的位置一般在句首The girl is pretty.Reading is useful.To see is to believe.They are good friends.2024/9/166谓语：谓语：谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由简单动词或者动词短语构成简单动词或者动词短语构成They are teachers.She looks well.He studies hard.He laughed at his classmates.He can speak English.2024/9/167表语：表语：表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当表语位于系动词后面短语，或者从句充当表语位于系动词后面I am a teacher.She is happy.Everybody is here.They are at home now.My job is to teach English.Seeing is believing.2024/9/168宾语宾语宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短语，不定式，动名词，从句充当它和及物动语，不定式，动名词，从句充当它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后She plays the piano.He often helps me.I like watching TV.She likes to go to shop this afternoon.I think that he is good guy.2024/9/169宾语补足语宾语补足语在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词和过去分词充当在分词和过去分词充当 If you let me go, Ill make you king. Leave the door open.We found John out when we arrived. Make yourself at home. I saw him enter the hall. The boss keeps them working all day. I heard my name called.2024/9/1610状语状语状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词它表示行为发状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词它表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度一般由副词，生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度一般由副词，介词短语，不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当，介词短语，不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当，也可由从句来充当也可由从句来充当He did it carefully.Without his help, we couldnt work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.He is writing with a pen.2024/9/1611定语定语定语用来修饰名词或代词形容词，代词，数定语用来修饰名词或代词形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，从句都可以充当定语从句都可以充当定语 The black bike is mine. Whats your name? A broken vase. I have 5 books. A sleeping boy. They made paper flowers. The boy in the room is Jack. I have something to do. It is a swimming pool.2024/9/16122024/9/1613种类种类类型类型主语主语S谓语谓语动词动词v表语表语/宾宾语语p宾语宾语0宾补宾补oc第第1种种S+VWework第第种种He playsviolin.第第种种We arestudents第第种种S+v+IO+DO shegaveme a pen.第第种种S+V+O+OC He mademelaugh2024/9/1614基本句型基本句型 一：一： （主系表）（主系表） （是系动词）（是系动词） 1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。2. The dinner smells good. 午餐的气味很好。3. He fell in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。5. He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮6. The troubleis that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。7. Our well has gone dry. 我们井干枯了。 8. His face turned red. 他的脸红了。2024/9/1615系动词词义不完整，在句中不能单独使系动词词义不完整，在句中不能单独使用（除省略句外），后面必须接有表语，用（除省略句外），后面必须接有表语，系动词和表语一起构成合成谓语。系动词和表语一起构成合成谓语。 2024/9/1616一、系动词的分类：一、系动词的分类：一、系动词的分类：一、系动词的分类： 常见的系动词大致可分为三类。常见的系动词大致可分为三类。常见的系动词大致可分为三类。常见的系动词大致可分为三类。 第第一一类类：表表示示特特征征或或状状态态的的，有有bebe， looklook， feelfeel， seemseem， appearappear， smellsmell， tastetaste， soundsound， turn outturn out（结果是、证明是）等。（结果是、证明是）等。 YouYoull be all right soon. ll be all right soon. You donYou dont look very well. t look very well. I feel rather cold.I feel rather cold. 2024/9/1617 He seems to be ill. He seems to be ill. It appears that he is unhappy. It appears that he is unhappy. The roses smell sweet. The roses smell sweet. The mixture tasted horrible. The mixture tasted horrible. How sweet the music sounds! How sweet the music sounds! The day turned out (to be) a fine one.The day turned out (to be) a fine one. 2024/9/1618第第二二类类：表表示示从从一一种种状状态态到到另另一一种种状状态态的的变变化化，有有become，get，grow，turn，fall，go，come，run等。等。Hebecameaworld-famousscientist.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Itgrewdark.Thefoodhasturnedbad.2024/9/1619 Yesterday he suddenly fell ill. Yesterday he suddenly fell ill. MaryMarys face went red. s face went red. His dream has come true. His dream has come true. The boyThe boys blood ran cold.s blood ran cold. 2024/9/1620第第三三类类：表表示示保保持持状状态态的的，有有keepkeep， remainremain， continuecontinue，staystay等等。 Keep quiet, children! Keep quiet, children! The The weather weather continued continued fine fine for for a a long long time. time. It remains to be proved.It remains to be proved. 2024/9/1621系系动动词词后后的的表表语语可可以以是是名名词词、代代词词、数数词词、形形容容词词、分分词词、动动名名词词、不不定定式式、副副词词、介介词词短短语语、词词组组、从句，系动词从句，系动词bebe可用于上述所有情况。可用于上述所有情况。 Thenewswassurprising.（分词）（分词）HisjobisteachingEnglish.（动名词）（动名词）Theonlymethodistogivethechildmorehelp.（不定式）（不定式）Imustbeoffnow.（副词）（副词）Thebridgeisunderconstruction.（介词短语）（介词短语）Thatwouldbeagreatweightoffmymind.（词组）（词组）Thisiswhyhewaslate.（从句）（从句）2024/9/1622所有的系动词都可接形容词作表语，此处略举数例。所有的系动词都可接形容词作表语，此处略举数例。Ourfuturewillbebeautiful.Shelooksunhappytoday.Doyoufeelcold？Youseem/appearill.Thefoodtastesdelicious.Theweatheristurning/growing/becoming/gettingcold.Heoftenwenthungry.2024/9/16233 3. .能能用用不不定定式式作作表表语语的的系系动动词词有有：appearappear， seemseem， getget， proveprove， remainremain， turn outturn out等。等。 She appears/ seems to be very youngShe appears/ seems to be very young. . He appears/ seems to have caught coldHe appears/ seems to have caught cold. . They got to be friendsThey got to be friends。 The meeting turned out to be successfulThe meeting turned out to be successful. . The theory proved to be rightThe theory proved to be right. . Much remains to be doneMuch remains to be done. . 2024/9/16244. 4. 能能接接从从句句的的有有：bebe， seemseem， appearappear， soundsound， looklook等。等。 ThatThats why he fell ill.s why he fell ill. My idea is that we should help him.My idea is that we should help him. It It seems/ seems/ appears appears to to me me that that something something is is wrong. wrong. It It sounds sounds to to me me as as if if someone someone were were trying trying to to get into the house. get into the house. Your voice sounds as if you had a cold.Your voice sounds as if you had a cold.It looks as if it is going to rain.It looks as if it is going to rain.2024/9/16255 5. . 能能接接介介词词短短语语的的有有：bebe， feelfeel， looklook， soundsound， tastetaste，remainremain等。等。 bebe是是特特别别活活跃跃的的系系动动词词，其其后后可可接接很很多多介介词词短短语作表语。语作表语。 He He is is at at home/ home/ in in the the library/ library/ on on the the way home/ on holidayway home/ on holiday. .They are on duty/ on strike/ on leave. They are on duty/ on strike/ on leave. The road is under repair.The road is under repair.2024/9/1626其他系动词能和介词搭配的范围很小。如：其他系动词能和介词搭配的范围很小。如： It feels like a rainIt feels like a rain. .It looks like a rainIt looks like a rain. . It It sounds sounds like like a a train train going going under under my my roomroom. . It tastes of applesIt tastes of apples. .（这有苹果的味道。）（这有苹果的味道。） The concert remains in my memoryThe concert remains in my memory. . 2024/9/16276 6. . 能能接接分分词词的的系系动动词词有有：bebe， becomebecome， getget， growgrow， seemseem， appearappear等。等。 His His report report was was surprisurprisising/ ng/ disappointing/delighting/moving/ disappointing/delighting/moving/ astonishingastonishing The The boy boy was was moved/delighted/surprised/ moved/delighted/surprised/ disappointed/astonisheddisappointed/astonished。 He He has has become/ become/ got/ got/ grown/ grown/ interested interested in in modern physicsmodern physics。 He seems/ appears drunkHe seems/ appears drunk。 系系动动词词后后还还可可接接代代词词、数数词词、动动名名词词、副副词词及及其其词词组组，基基本本都都是是bebe的的用用法法。其其他他系系动动词词几几乎乎不能这样用或很少这样用不能这样用或很少这样用。page432024/9/1628一一. .纵纵观观历历年年的的高高考考题题，对对系系动动词词的的考考查查一一直直是是高高考考中中非非常常重重要要的的热热点点之之一一，对对于于考考生生来来说说也也是是难难点点所在。所在。高高考考对对系系动动词词考考查查的的覆覆盖盖面面广广，涉涉及及的的系系动动词词较较多多，重重点点考考查查的的是是 get get ，其其次次是是 feel feel 和和 remain remain ，考查的难度在逐年增大。考查的难度在逐年增大。 二二.对表示状态变化的系动词的考查对表示状态变化的系动词的考查英语中常见的表示状态变化的系动词有英语中常见的表示状态变化的系动词有get，turn，turnout（结果是（结果是），），go，come（成为），（成为），fall，become等。等。2024/9/16291. 1. 对对 get get 的考查的考查 get get 表表示示状状态态的的改改变变，意意为为“变变成成，变变得得，做做成成”，它它后后面面可可以以接接形形容容词词、 v-ing v-ing 形形式式、过过去去分分词等。词等。 Sarah, Sarah, hurry hurry up. up. Im Im afraid afraid you you wont wont have time to _ before the party. have time to _ before the party. A. get changed B. get change A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change C. get changing D. get to change 2024/9/1630 Be Be careful careful when when you you cross cross this this very very busy busy street, street, if if not, not, you you may may _ _ run run over over by by a a car. car. A. have B. get C. become D. turn A. have B. get C. become D. turn As As we we joined joined the the big big crowd crowd I I got got _ _ from my friends. from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missedA. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 分析：例分析：例分析：例分析：例中考查的是中考查的是中考查的是中考查的是“ “getget过去分词过去分词过去分词过去分词” ”构成构成构成构成的系表结构。例的系表结构。例的系表结构。例的系表结构。例 getchangedgetchanged意为意为意为意为“ “换衣服换衣服换衣服换衣服” ”，例，例，例，例 getrunovergetrunover意为意为意为意为“ “碾过，压过碾过，压过碾过，压过碾过，压过” ”，例，例，例，例 getgetseparatedseparated意思是意思是意思是意思是“ “冲散，分离冲散，分离冲散，分离冲散，分离” ”，所以正确答案分，所以正确答案分，所以正确答案分，所以正确答案分别是别是别是别是 AA、 BB、 BB。2024/9/16312. 2. 对对 go go 的考查的考查 系系动动词词 go go 的的意意义义是是“变变成成，成成为为”，后后多多跟跟形形容容词词，如如 go go bad, bad, go go mad, mad, go go wrong, wrong, go go hungry, go sour hungry, go sour 等。例如：等。例如： On On hearing hearing the the news news of of the the accident accident in in coal mine, she _ pale. coal mine, she _ pale. A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared 分析：该题考查的是分析：该题考查的是“go+adj.”系表结构。系表结构。got和和changed不能与不能与pale搭配起来表达这搭配起来表达这一状态的变化，而一状态的变化，而appeared是表示状态存在是表示状态存在的系动词。所以正确答案是的系动词。所以正确答案是C。2024/9/1632 3. 3. 3. 3. 对对对对 fall fall fall fall 的考查的考查的考查的考查 系系系系动动动动词词词词 fall fall fall fall 表表表表示示示示“ “（不不不不知知知知不不不不觉觉觉觉地地地地或或或或突突突突然然然然地地地地）进进进进入入入入状状状状态态态态” ”，后后后后常常常常跟跟跟跟形形形形容容容容词词词词、副副副副词词词词或或或或介介介介词词词词短短短短语语语语等等等等，如如如如： fall fall fall fall ill ill ill ill （生生生生病病病病）， fall fall fall fall apart apart apart apart （散散散散开开开开）， fall fall fall fall asleep, asleep, asleep, asleep, fall into a deep sleep fall into a deep sleep fall into a deep sleep fall into a deep sleep （睡熟）。（睡熟）。（睡熟）。（睡熟）。例如：例如： As As she she _ _ the the newspaper, newspaper, Granny Granny _ _ asleep. asleep. A.read; was falling B. was reading; fell A.read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 分析：该题第二空考查的是系动词分析：该题第二空考查的是系动词“fall+adj.”结构，结构，fallasleep是短暂性动词短语，不能用于是短暂性动词短语，不能用于进行时态，故正确答案是进行时态，故正确答案是B。句意是。句意是“她读报她读报时，奶奶睡着了。时，奶奶睡着了。”2024/9/1633三三 . . 对表示状态存在的系动词的考查对表示状态存在的系动词的考查 常常常常见见见见的的的的有有有有 be, be, be, be, seem, seem, seem, seem, appear, appear, appear, appear, look, look, look, look, feel, feel, feel, feel, smell, smell, smell, smell, sound, sound, sound, sound, keep, keep, keep, keep, taste, taste, taste, taste, remain, remain, remain, remain, prove, prove, prove, prove, stay, stay, stay, stay, lie lie lie lie （处处处处于某种状态），于某种状态），于某种状态），于某种状态）， stand stand stand stand （处于某种状态）等。（处于某种状态）等。（处于某种状态）等。（处于某种状态）等。 1. 1. 1. 1. 对对对对 remain remain remain remain 的考查的考查的考查的考查 系系系系动动动动词词词词 remain remain remain remain 的的的的意意意意思思思思是是是是“ “保保保保持持持持，继继继继续续续续，依依依依然然然然不不不不变变变变” ”，后常接名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式等。后常接名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式等。后常接名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式等。后常接名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式等。 Having Having a a trip trip abroad abroad is is certainly certainly good good for for the the old old couple, couple, but but it it remains remains _ _ whether they will enjoy it. whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C.seeing D. seenA. to see B. to be seen C.seeing D. seen 2024/9/1634 Although Although he he has has taken taken a a lot lot of of medicine, medicine, his health _ poor. his health _ poor. A. proves B. remainsA. proves B. remainsC. maintains D. continues C. maintains D. continues 分析：例分析：例中的中的remain是个半系动词，是个半系动词，“有待被看，证实有待被看，证实”，所以应用不定式的被动，所以应用不定式的被动式，故答案是式，故答案是B。例。例中中remainpoor意为意为“仍然很差仍然很差”，maintain意为意为“维持，保持，维持，保持，继续继续”，不与形容词，不与形容词poor连用，所以正确答连用，所以正确答案是案是B。2024/9/16352. 2. 对对 stay stay 的考查的考查 stay stay 意意为为“保保持持原原状状，维维持持”，后后面面可可以以接接形形容词、副词、介词短语、名词等。容词、副词、介词短语、名词等。 The weather has The weather has stayed stayed warm all week. warm all week. Why Why dont dont you you put put the the meat meat in in the the fridge? fridge? It It will will _ _ fresh fresh for for several several days. days. A. be stayed B. stay A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed C. be staying D. have stayed 分析：该题考查的是系动词分析：该题考查的是系动词stay后接形容词后接形容词（fresh）的系表结构，它表示一种存在的状）的系表结构，它表示一种存在的状态，主动形式表示被动意义，这种结构一般不态，主动形式表示被动意义，这种结构一般不能用于进行时态，所以正确答案是能用于进行时态，所以正确答案是B。2024/9/16363. 3. 对对 appear appear 的考查的考查 appear appear 的的含含义义是是“似似乎乎，好好像像，看看来来（如如关关于于某某人人的的性性格格、感感情情或或意意图图）”，此此时时不不用用进进行行式式，后接形容词、名词、动词不定式等。后接形容词、名词、动词不定式等。 She She appeared appeared rather rather upset upset about about something. something. 看来有些什么事使她心烦。看来有些什么事使她心烦。 Do Do let let your your mother mother know know all all the the truth. truth. She She appears appears _ _ everything. everything. （上上海海 2001 2001 ） A. to tell B. to be told A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told C. to be telling D. to have been told 2024/9/1637分析：句意是分析：句意是“一定要把一切真相告诉你妈妈。她一定要把一切真相告诉你妈妈。她看上去已经知道一切事情。看上去已经知道一切事情。”句中句中 tell tell 后面没有后面没有宾语，故用不定式的被动式，又因为宾语，故用不定式的被动式，又因为“知道一切知道一切”发生在发生在“告诉真相告诉真相”之前，要用完成式。所以正确之前，要用完成式。所以正确答案是答案是 D D 。4.对对feel的考查的考查feel的意思是的意思是“感觉是，似乎感觉是，似乎”，后常接形容词、，后常接形容词、副词、介词短语等。副词、介词短语等。Ilovetogototheseasideinsummer.It_goodtolieinthesunorswiminthecoolsea.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes2024/9/1638 - Do you like the material? - Do you like the material? - Yes, it _ very soft.- Yes, it _ very soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt 分析：这两道考题考查的是分析：这两道考题考查的是“fell+adj.”的系表的系表结构。例结构。例中中feelgood意为意为“感觉舒服感觉舒服”；例；例feelsoft意为意为“摸上去软和摸上去软和”，此时，主动结构，此时，主动结构表示被动的含义。所以正确答案分别是表示被动的含义。所以正确答案分别是B和和C。2024/9/16395. 5. 对系动词对系动词 look look 的考查的考查 look look 有有“看看来来，显显得得”等等意意，后后面面常常接接形形容容词词、介词短语、不定式短语、从句等。介词短语、不定式短语、从句等。 The The plan plan looks looks good good on on paper, paper, but but will will it it work? work? 这这个个计计划划从从表表面面上上看看来来不不错错，但但能能行行得得通通吗吗？ -You dont look very _. Are you ill? -You dont look very _. Are you ill? - No,Im just a bit tired.- No,Im just a bit tired.A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy 分析：尽管提供的四个备选项都是形容词，分析：尽管提供的四个备选项都是形容词，但但lookwell的意思是的意思是“看上去气色好看上去气色好”，符合对话的语境，故正确答案是符合对话的语境，故正确答案是B。2024/9/16406. 6. 对对 sound sound 的考查的考查 sound sound 有有“听听起起来来，令令人人觉觉得得，似似乎乎”等等含含义义，后后面面可可以以接接形形容容词词、名名词词短短语语、介介词词短短语语、不不定定式式等。等。 She She soundssounds to to be be a a very very strange strange woman. woman. 听起来她似乎是一个非常古怪的女人。听起来她似乎是一个非常古怪的女人。 What he said sounds _ . What he said sounds _ . A. nicely B. pleasantlyA. nicely B. pleasantly C. friendly D. wonderfully C. friendly D. wonderfully 分析：四个选项中只有分析：四个选项中只有分析：四个选项中只有分析：四个选项中只有 friendlyfriendly是形容词，可以和是形容词，可以和是形容词，可以和是形容词，可以和 soundsound连用构成系表结构，其他三项都是副词，只连用构成系表结构，其他三项都是副词，只连用构成系表结构，其他三项都是副词，只连用构成系表结构，其他三项都是副词，只能作状语不能作表语，所以正确答案是能作状语不能作表语，所以正确答案是能作状语不能作表语，所以正确答案是能作状语不能作表语，所以正确答案是 CC。2024/9/16417. 7. 对对 taste taste 的考查的考查 taste taste 在在使使用用时时不不用用进进行行时时态态，含含义义是是“尝尝起起来来，有某种特殊的味道有某种特殊的味道”，一般接形容词构成系表结构。，一般接形容词构成系表结构。 These These oranges oranges tastetaste nice. nice. 这这些些橙橙子子味味道道很好。很好。 These oranges taste _ . These oranges taste _ . A.good B. well C. to be good D. to be well A.good B. well C. to be good D. to be well 分析：分析：taste是系动词，所以要用形容词是系动词，所以要用形容词good作其表语。作其表语。well作形容词时，意思是作形容词时，意思是“健康健康的的”，只能形容人，不能形容物。故正确答案，只能形容人，不能形容物。故正确答案是是A。2024/9/16428.8.对对对对 smellsmell的考查的考查的考查的考查 smellsmell经常与形容词连用，意思是经常与形容词连用，意思是经常与形容词连用，意思是经常与形容词连用，意思是“ “闻起来，有闻起来，有闻起来，有闻起来，有气气气气味，发出味，发出味，发出味，发出的气味的气味的气味的气味” ”。 ThisbookThisbooksmellssmellsold.old.这本书有一股霉味。这本书有一股霉味。这本书有一股霉味。这本书有一股霉味。 Wedontcareifahuntingdogsmells_,butweWedontcareifahuntingdogsmells_,butwereallydontwanthimtosmell_.reallydontwanthimtosmell_. A.well;wellB.bad;badC.well;badlyD.badly;badA.well;wellB.bad;badC.well;badlyD.badly;bad分析：第一空前的分析：第一空前的smell是不及物动词，意是不及物动词，意为为“嗅，闻，有嗅觉嗅，闻，有嗅觉”，副词，副词badly修饰修饰smells；而第二空前的；而第二空前的smell是系动词，与形是系动词，与形容词容词bad构成系表结构。构成系表结构。答案为答案为D2024/9/1643基本句型基本句型 二：二： （主谓）（主谓）主语主语：可以作主语的成分有名词名词（如boy），主格代词主格代词（如you），动词动词不定式不定式，动名词动名词等。主语一般在句首句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 （不及物动词）（不及物动词） 1. The sun was shining. 太阳在照耀着。2. The universe remains. 宇宙长存。3. We all breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。4. Who cares? 管它呢？ 5. What he said does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 6. The pen writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。.2024/9/1644主语主语可有修饰语可有修饰语-定语定语，谓语谓语可有修饰语可有修饰语-状语状语。如如: 1. The red sun rises in the east.2. So they had to travel by air or boat.3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus.4. She sat there alone, reading a novel.5. He came back when we were eating.6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.2024/9/1645巩固练习：巩固练习：1 1她昨天回家很晚。她昨天回家很晚。 2 2会议将持续两个小时。会议将持续两个小时。 3 3在过去的十年里我的家乡已经发生了巨大变化在过去的十年里我的家乡已经发生了巨大变化. .4 419191919年，在北京爆发了年，在北京爆发了“五五. .四四”运动。运动。5 5每天八时开始上课。每天八时开始上课。 2. The meeting will last two hours.3. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years. 4. The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919. 5. Classes begin at eight every day. 1. She went home very late yesterday evening. 2024/9/1646巩固练习巩固练习： 6 6这个重五公斤。这个重五公斤。 7 7五年前我住在北京。五年前我住在北京。8 8秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。 9 9我的爷爷早晨起得很早。我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 10. 10. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。 6. This box weighs five kilos. 7.I lived in Beijing five years ago.8.In autumn, some birds fly to the south. 9.Mygrandfathergetsupearlyinthemorning.10.Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books.2024/9/1647基本句型基本句型 三：三： （主谓宾）（主谓宾）构成宾语的代词必须是构成宾语的代词必须是代词宾格代词宾格，如：，如：me，him，them等等 （及物动词）（及物动词） 1. Who knows the answer? 谁知道答案？ 2. She smiled her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。3. He has refused to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。4. He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。5. They ate what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。6. He said Good morning. 他说：早上好！7. I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。 8. He admits that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。 .2024/9/1648巩固练习：巩固练习：1昨晚我写了一封信。昨晚我写了一封信。 2今天下午我想同你谈谈。今天下午我想同你谈谈。 3这本书他读过多次了。这本书他读过多次了。 4他们成功地完成了计划。他们成功地完成了计划。 5那位先生能流利地说三种语言。那位先生能流利地说三种语言。 I wrote a letter last night. I want to talk with you this afternoon. He has read this book many times. They have carried out the plan successfully. That gentleman can speak three languages fluently. 2024/9/1649巩固练习：巩固练习： 6我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。 7Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。还不会自己穿衣服。 8我们大家都相信我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。是一个诚实男孩。 9. 他不知道说什麽好。他不知道说什麽好。 10. 我开窗户你在意吗？我开窗户你在意吗？ I received a letter from my penfriend in Australia. Jim cannot dress himself. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. He did not know what to say. Do you mind my opening the window? 2024/9/1650基本句型 四： （主谓间宾直宾） （及物）（及物） （多指人）（多指人） （多指物）（多指物） 1. She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。3. He brought you a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。4. He denies her nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。5. I told him that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。6. He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。 .2024/9/1651但若要但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词（人），则要借助于介词to或或for。如：。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.2024/9/1652用用to侧重指动作的方向，表示侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着朝着，向着，对着某人。某人。用用for 侧重指动作的受益者，侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替表示为了某人，替某人某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；等；（需借助（需借助for 的）的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。等。2024/9/1653巩固练习：巩固练习：1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。先生去年教我们德语。 2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 3请把那本字典递给我好吗？请把那本字典递给我好吗？ 4他把车票给列车员看。他把车票给列车员看。 Mr Johnson taught us German last year. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. Would you please pass me the dictionary? He showed the ticket to the conductor. 2024/9/1654巩固练习：巩固练习： 5我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？6新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。7他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。 Shall I call you a taxi? The new machine will save you a lot of labour. 7.He bought a new coat for his mother with his first months salary.2024/9/1655说明说明:此结构由此结构由“主语主语+及物的谓语动词及物的谓语动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。句意不够完整。Thesunkeepsuswarm.Iheardhimsinging.Youmustgetyourhaircut. 基本句型基本句型 五：五： （主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）2024/9/1656 （及物）（及物） （宾语）（宾语） （宾补）（宾补）名词/代词宾格 + 名词The war| made| him |a soldier./战争使他成为一名战士.名词/代词宾格 + 形容词New methods |make |the job| easy./新方法使这项工作变得轻松. 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语I |often find| him |at work./我经常发现他在工作. 名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式The teacher| ask |the students |to close the windows./老师让学生们关上窗户. 名词/代词宾格 + 分词I |saw |a cat |running across the road./我看见一只猫跑过了马路.2024/9/1657 用用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：型结构方式。即：主语主语+谓语谓语+it+宾补宾补+真正宾语真正宾语。如：如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.2024/9/1658 巩固练习：巩固练习：1我们叫她我们叫她Alice. 2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 3他们把小偷释放了。他们把小偷释放了。 4我要你把真相告诉我。我要你把真相告诉我。 5 .卫兵命令我们立即离开。卫兵命令我们立即离开。 6. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 7他每个月理一次发他每个月理一次发8我们不会让她在晚上外出的。我们不会让她在晚上外出的。 We call her Alice. All of us considered him honest.They have set the thief free. I want you to tell me the truth. The guards ordered us to leave at once. Every morning we hear him read English aloud. He has his hair cut every month. We wont let her go out at night. 2024/9/16599那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了 10她正在听人家讲故事。她正在听人家讲故事。11我从来没看见这个字这样用过。我从来没看见这个字这样用过。 12他感到很难跟你交谈。他感到很难跟你交谈。 13我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。 14学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。 The terrible sound made the children frightened. She is listening to someone telling stories. I have never seen the word used that way before. He felt it very difficult to talk with you. I consider it possible to work out the problemin another way. The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins. 2024/9/1660英语基本句型英语基本句型6Therebe句型句型说明：说明：此句型是由此句型是由“there+be+主语主语+状语状语”构构成，用以表达存在关系可以称成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有有”。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词be之后，之后，there仅为引导词，并无实际语意。仅为引导词，并无实际语意。此句型有时不用此句型有时不用be动词，而用动词，而用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive等。如：等。如：Therestandsahillinthemiddleofthepark.Onceuponatimetherelivedanoldkinginthetown.2024/9/1661 Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如：态和情态变化。如： 现在有现在有 there is/are 过去有过去有 there was/were 将来有将来有 there will be；there is /are going to be. 现在已经有现在已经有 there has/have been 可能有可能有 there might be. 肯定有肯定有 there must be /there must have been. 过去曾经有过去曾经有 there used to be 似乎有似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be 2024/9/1662巩固练习：巩固练习：1这个村子过去只有一口井。这个村子过去只有一口井。 2客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。 3天气预报说下午有大风。天气预报说下午有大风。 4灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。 5战前这儿一直有家电影院的战前这儿一直有家电影院的. There was only a well in the village. Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen. The weatherman says therell be a strong wind in the afternoon. The light is on. There must be someone in the office. There used to be a cinema here before the war. 2024/9/1663巩固练习：巩固练习：6恰好那时房里没人。恰好那时房里没人。 7从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。 8公共汽车来了。公共汽车来了。 9就只剩下二十八美元了。就只剩下二十八美元了。 10铃响了。铃响了。 There happened to be nobody in the room. Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. There comes the bus.There remained only twenty eight dollars. There goes the bell. 2024/9/1664但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。我们称之为： 定语、状语定语、状语2024/9/1665一、 定语：汉语中常用的表示。通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。 形容词形容词作定语：作定语：The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）/小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。数词数词作定语相当于形容词：作定语相当于形容词：Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩。 代词或名词所有格代词或名词所有格作定语：作定语：His boy needs Toms pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆。2024/9/1666介词短语介词短语作定语：作定语：The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的，三个10岁的男孩。 名词名词作定语：作定语：There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。 副词副词作定语：作定语：The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。不定式不定式作定语：作定语：There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做。 分词（短语）分词（短语）作定语：作定语：The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。 定语定语从句：从句：The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。2024/9/1667二、状语：二、状语：状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。状语在句子中的位置很灵活，常见情况为： 1)通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首； 2)修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前； 3)表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般须在时间状语之前； 4)一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。 2024/9/1668有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义，应注意.如：The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成男孩喊教室里的女孩（此时in the classroom为girl的定语）;也可以理解为男孩在教室里喊女孩（此时in the classroom为地点状语），最好写做：In the classroom, the boy calls the girl.2024/9/1669副词（短语副词（短语）作状语：作状语：The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。（宾语较长则状语前置）The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。（时间状语） 2024/9/1670介词短语作状语介词短语作状语：In the classroom,the boy needs a pen./在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地点状语）Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语)On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语) 分词（短语）作状语分词（短语）作状语：He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态）Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因状语）Frightened, he sits there soundlessly. （因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语） 不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语：To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣. 名词名词作状语：Come this way!/走这条路！（方向状语） 2024/9/1671状语从句：状语从句：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句 三、同位语三、同位语：同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分，近乎于后置定语。如：We students should study hard. / (students是we的同位语，都是指同一批学生）We all are students. / (all是we的同位语，都指同样的我们） 2024/9/1672四、独立成分：四、独立成分：有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分，称为句子独立成分(注意：区别于分词独立结构)。感叹词：oh,hello,aha,ah,等。肯定词yes否定词no称呼语：称呼人的用语。插入语：一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。如: The story,I think,has never come to the end./我相信,这个故事还远没结束.情态词,表示说话人的语气（多作为修饰全句的状语）:perhaps也许,maybe大概,acturely实际上,certainly当然，等。 2024/9/1673五、分词独立结构：五、分词独立结构：分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致! 否则应有自己的逻辑主语，构成分词独立结构。例：错句：Studying hard,your score will go up.正确：(1) Studying hard,you can make your score go up.或 (2)If you study hard,your score will go up.解析：错句中分词studying没有自带逻辑主语，则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，既your score . 显然做study的应是人，不应是your score（分数）. 正确句(1)更正了句子的主语,使其与分词逻辑主语一致( 同为you );正确句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语,(不过已经不是分词结构了). 分词独立结构常省略being,having been.不过There being.的场合不能省略.如：Game (being) over,he went home.He stands there,book (being) in hand. 独立结构还可用with、without引导，作状语或定语。这种结构不但可以用分词，还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。如：With nothing to do,he fell asleep soon./无事可做，他很快就睡着了。The teacher came in,with glasses on his nose./老师进来了，戴着一付眼镜。（注意，此句on his nose不可省略！） 2024/9/1674句子成分练习题句子成分练习题( 一一 )(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分， 4分钟） The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.2024/9/1675(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分， 10分钟） I dont like the picture on the wall.A. dont B. like C. picture D. wall The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. get B. longer C. days D. summer Do you usually go to school by bus?A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast2024/9/1676 Tom didnt do his homework yesterday.A. Tom B. didnt C. do D. his homework What I want to tell you is this.A. want B. to tell C. you D. is We had better send for a doctor.A. We B. had C. send D. doctor He is interested in music.A. is B. interested C. in D. music Whom did you give my book to?A. give B.did C. whom D. book2024/9/1677(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟） My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. They made him monitor of the class. Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. You will find it useful after you leave school. They didnt know who Father Christmas really is.2024/9/1678(四) 挑出下列句中的表语（5分， 5分钟） The old man was feeling very tired. Why is he worried about Jim? The leaves have turned yellow. Soon They all became interested in the subject. She was the first to learn about it.2024/9/1679(五) 挑出下列句中的定语（6分，6分钟） They use Mr, Mrs with the family name. What is your given name? On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!2024/9/1680(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分， 6分钟） She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lily sometimes. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?2024/9/1681(七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分， 8分钟） There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.2024/9/1682(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（5分， 5分钟） Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen.Give it to Tom. Did he leave any message for me?2024/9/1683句子成分练习题句子成分练习题( 二二 )指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1.Whether well go depend on the weather .2. Peoples standards of living are going up steadily .3. That was how they were defeated.4.The nursery takes good care of our children .5.Ill return the book to you tomorrow .6.We are sure that we shall succeed .7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other . 8.There are many film that Id like to see.9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?10.I have a lot of work to do .2024/9/168411.Anyway I wont stop you from doing it .12.I said it in fun .13.We can send a car over to fetch you .14.She had to work standing up .15.Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried .16.Much interested , he agreed to give it a try .17.The bus arrived ten minutes late .18.We should serve the people heart and soul.19.Spring coming on , the tree turned green .20.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .2024/9/168521.We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting .22.Its strange that she doesnt come today .23.It was in the library that I come today .24.He likes drawing at times when he isnt working .25.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. 2024/9/1686句子成分练习题句子成分练习题( 三三 )A1、 _ six years since I began to study English.A. It is B. I have been C. There are D. It was 2 、_ in the room at that time.A. Nobody was B. Someone were C. Who is D. He are 3 、ITS very noisy outside. _ is going on? A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where 4、 _ in English in class every day is important.A. Speak B. Talking C. Saying D. To tell5 、There must be_ near the factory.A. a book store B. book store C. books store D. books stores6 、Although its raining hard, _ are still working in the fields.A. but they B. and they C. they D. since they2024/9/1687B1、 The doctor as well as the nurses _ great concern for the patients.A. show B. shows C. have shown D. are showing 2、 Your son must be a clever boy, _ he?A. is B. isnt C. must D. mustnt 3、 The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among students in this school.A. open B. opening C. opened D. being opened 4 、I _ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.A. mustnt B. had to C. cant D. neednt 5 、Dont _ excited.A. get B. is C. seem D. look 6 This room _ every morning.A. is cleaning B. is cleaned C. cleans D. cleaning 2024/9/1688C1、 Glad to meet you! _ is your full name?A. What B. Where C. How D. Who 2、 He is _ to lift the heavy box.A. too weak B. weak tooC. enough weak D. weak enough3、 The days are _ warmer and warmer in spring.A. getting B. looking C. seeming D. going 4 、His job is_English.A. teach B. to teach C. taught D. teaches 5 、Two balls are_.A. under the desk B. in the wall C. to here D. at desks2024/9/1689D1 、We should get ready_ others.A. helping B. to help C. help D. help with 2、 _interesting work we are doing?A. What a B. How C. What D. What an 3、 I want_ a teacher when I grow up .A. to be B. to C. be D. being 4、 -Would you like to go on a picnic with me today?-I dont think so. To be honest, I really dont feel like_on apicnic.A. going B. to go C. go D. went 5 Do you know_?A. where does he live B. where he livesC. where he live D. if where he lives 6 Let _ do it again.A. I B. me C. he D. she 7 I dont know_.A. how to do B. what to do C. where to do D. when to do 2024/9/1690E 1、 I saw him _ basketball with Jack an hour ago.A. plays B. to play C. played D. play 2、 Sorry, weve kept you_ for a long time.A. waited B. sing C. stand D. waiting 3 、The teacher told us _ late again.A. arent be B. dont be C. not to be D. not be 4 、We find the room very_.A. warm B. warmly C. terribly D. hardly2024/9/1691F1 、I found _ difficult to work together with him.A. it B. its C. that D. those 2 、We all know _ our duty to clean our classroom after school every day.A. that B. this C. which D. it 3、 He found _ very interesting to play with the little dog.A. what B. it C. / D. thatG( ) 1 Tom said he _ a good dream yesterday evening.A. dream B. dreamed C. have D. has ( ) 2 Children _ a happy life in China.A. lead B. living C. has D. leading2024/9/1692H( ) 1 America, Japan and Canada are_countries.A. developing B. developed C. less developed D. develop ( ) 2 -_ skirt is that on the chair?-Let me see. Oh, no, its not mine.A. Whose B. What C. Whos D. Which ( ) 3 Do you have anything _?A. saying B. to say C. said D. say ( ) 4 Look, there is an_tree by the wall.A. apple B. apples C. apples D. apples ( ) 5 Where is_seat?A. yours B. your C. you D. yourselves2024/9/1693I( ) 1 The box is _ heavy for her _ carry.A. very; to B. too; not toC. too; to D. very too; to 2 -_ did you buy the new bag?-Last Monday.A. Where B. How C. When D. Who 3 You can see these signs in a hospital. _ can you see them?A. Where else B. Where place elseC. Where else place D. Else where 4 They went out _ their old friends.A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited 5 There is a wide river_ our village.A. outside B. over C. from D. below2024/9/1694J 1 The young man, _ works in the office.A. me brother B. my brother C. my brothers D. me 2 Our English teacher, _ often helps us with study.A. Mrs Wang B. Mrs5 WangC. MrsWangs . D. of him 3 _, some railway workers are busy repairing the train.A. Them B. He C. They D. Theirs2024/9/1695巩固练习：巩固练习：1我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。 2.Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。还不会自己穿衣服。 3我们大家都相信我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。是一个诚实男孩。 4. 他不知道说什麽好。他不知道说什麽好。 5. 我开窗户你在意吗？我开窗户你在意吗？ I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia. Jim cannot dress himself. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. He did not know what to say. Do you mind my opening the window? 2024/9/1696 6我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？7新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。8他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。9. 听到煤矿事故的消息听到煤矿事故的消息,她脸色变白她脸色变白. 10.从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。 ShallIcallyouataxi?Thenewmachinewillsaveyoualotoflabour.Heboughtanewcoatforhismotherwithhisfirstmonthssalary.Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentincoalmine,herfaceturnedpale.Once,therelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.